16.9. ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Î´ðËÜ

¼ç¤Ê¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï dump(8), tar(1), cpio(1) ¤Î»°¤Ä¤Ç¤¹¡£

16.9.1. ¥À¥ó¥×¤È¥ê¥¹¥È¥¢

ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ê UNIX® ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï dump ¤È restore ¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢¥ê¥ó¥¯¡¢ ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿Ãê¾Ý¤Î²¼°Ì¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡¢ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Î½¸¹ç¤È¤·¤Æ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤òÁàºî¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ dump ¤Ï¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¾å¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àÁ´ÂΤò¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î°ìÉôʬ¤À¤±¡¢ ¤Þ¤¿¤ÏÆó¤Ä°Ê¾å¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤ï¤¿¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¥Ä¥ê¡¼¤ò¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ dump ¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ª¤è¤Ó¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤Þ¤º¤Ë¡¢ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ª¤è¤Ó¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò´Þ¤ó¤À raw ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡£

注意: ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ç dump ¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢ /home, /usr ¤Ê¤É¡¢Â¾¤Î¿¤¯¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ÏÄ̾ ¾¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ø¤Î¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ç¤¹¡£

dump ¤Ë¤Ï AT&T UNIX ¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 6 (¤ª¤è¤½ 1975 ǯ) ¤Î½é´ü¤«¤é»Ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ëÊʤ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥Ñ¥é¥á¥¿¤Ï¡¢¸½ºßÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ê¹âÌ©ÅÙ¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢ (ºÇÂç 62,182 ftpi) ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢9 ¥È¥é¥Ã¥¯¥Æ¡¼¥× (6250 bpi) ¤ËºÇŬ¤ÊÃͤȤʤäƤ¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¸½ºß¤Î¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ÎÍÆÎ̤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃͤò¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤Ç¾å½ñ¤­¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

rdump ¤È rrestore ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¾¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯·Ðͳ¤Ç¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤É¤Á¤é¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤â¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¤Î¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë rcmd ¤ª¤è¤Ó ruserok ¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î .rhosts ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ rdump ¤ª¤è¤Ó rrestore ¤Î°ú¿ô¤Ï¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ËŬÀڤʤâ¤Î¤òÍѤ¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ FreeBSD ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤«¤é komodo ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë Sun ¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë Exabyte ¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ø rdump ¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# /sbin/rdump 0dsbfu 54000 13000 126 komodo:/dev/nsa8 /dev/da0a 2>&1

Ãí°Õ: .rhosts ǧ¾Ú¤òµö²Ä¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë°ÅÌۤβ¾Ä꤬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤ÎÃÖ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾õ¶·¤òÃí°Õ¿¼¤¯Ä´¤Ù¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

ssh ±Û¤·¤Ë dump ¤È restore ¤ò¤è¤ê°ÂÁ´¤Ê·Á¤Ç»È¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

例 16-1. ssh ±Û¤·¤Î dump ¤ÎÍøÍÑ

# /sbin/dump -0uan -f - /usr | gzip -2 | ssh1 -c blowfish \
          targetuser@targetmachine.example.com dd of=/mybigfiles/dump-usr-l0.gz

¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô RSH ¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¡¢ dump ¤ÎÁȤ߹þ¤ßµ¡Ç½¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¡£

例 16-2. RSH ¤òÀßÄꤷ¤¿ ssh ±Û¤·¤Î dump ¤òÍøÍÑ

# RSH=/usr/bin/ssh /sbin/dump -0uan -f targetuser@targetmachine.example.com:/dev/sa0

16.9.2. tar

tar(1) ¤Ï AT&T UNIX ¤Î ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 6 (1975 ǯ¤´¤í) ¤Ë¤Þ¤ÇÁ̤뤳¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£tar ¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¶¨Ä´¤·¤ÆÆ°ºî¤·¡¢ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡£tar ¤Ï cpio(1) ¤Ç»ÈÍѲÄǽ¤Ê¥Õ¥ë¥ì¥ó¥¸¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤ÏÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¤¬¡¢ tar ¤Ë¤Ï cpio ¤¬»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê´ñ̯¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥Ñ¥¤¥×¥é¥¤¥ó¤ÏɬÍפ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

tar ¤Î¿¤¯¤ÎÈǤϥͥåȥ¥¯·Ðͳ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Ë¤ÏÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ FreeBSD ¤¬»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë GNU ÈǤΠtar ¤Ï¡¢ rdump ¤ÈƱ¤¸¹½Ê¸¤Ç¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ËÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ komodo ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë Sun ¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿ Exabyte ¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ËÂФ·¤Æ tar ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# /usr/bin/tar cf komodo:/dev/nsa8 . 2>&1

¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ËÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ÈǤËÂФ·¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¥Ñ¥¤¥×¥é¥¤¥ó¤È rsh ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÁ÷¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

# tar cf - . | rsh hostname dd of=tape-device obs=20b

¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤ò±Û¤¨¤¿¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ò·üÇ°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ê¤é¡¢ rsh ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë ssh ¤ò»È¤¦¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¹¡£

16.9.3. cpio

cpio(1) ¤ÏËÜÍè UNIX ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¼§µ¤¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Ç¸ò´¹¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤¹¡£ cpio ¤Ï¥Ð¥¤¥È¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¡¢ ¿¤¯¤Î°Û¤Ê¤ë¥¢¡¼¥«¥¤¥Ö¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Î½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¤¢¤ê (¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Ë¤â¿¿ô¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹)¡¢ ¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Ç¾¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÅϤ¹¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ë¤¢¤²¤¿ÆÃħ¤¬¡¢cpio ¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤È¤·¤Æ¤ÏÍ¥¤ì¤¿ÁªÂò»è¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ cpio ¤Ï¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¥Ä¥ê¡¼¤Îõº÷¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ï stdin ¤«¤é¤ÎÆþÎϤǤʤ¯¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

cpio ¤Ï¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯·Ðͳ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Ë¤ÏÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¥Ñ¥¤¥×¥é¥¤¥ó¤È rsh ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÁ÷¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

# for f in directory_list; do
find $f >> backup.list
done
# cpio -v -o --format=newc < backup.list | ssh user@host "cat > backup_device"

directory_list ¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤·¤¿¤¤¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ç¡¢ user@host ¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¤¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤ÎÁȤǤ¢¤ê¡¢ backup_device ¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤¿¤¤¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤¹ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð /dev/nsa0)¡£

16.9.4. pax

pax(1) ¤Ï tar ¤È cpio ¤ËÂФ¹¤ë IEEE/POSIX® ¤Î²óÅú¤Ç¤¹¡£Ä¹Ç¯¤Î´Ö¡¢¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤ÊÈǤΠtar ¤È cpio ¤Ï¸ß¤¤¤Ë¤ï¤º¤«¤ËÈó¸ß´¹¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¤½¤ì¤é¤ò¤·¤é¤ßÄÙ¤·¤Ëɸ½à²½¤¹¤ëÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢POSIX ¤Ï¿·¤·¤¤¥¢¡¼¥«¥¤¥Ö¥æ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ê¥Æ¥£¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ pax ¤Ï¡¢¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤â¤Î cpio ¤ä tar ¤Î¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤ÎÆɤ߽ñ¤­¤ËÂбþ¤·¤è¤¦¤È»î¤ß¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Û¤«¡¢ ÀìÍѤ˿·¤·¤¤¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤ò³«È¯¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É·²¤Ï tar ¤è¤ê¤â cpio ¤ÎÊý¤Ë¤¤¤¯¤Ö¤ó»÷¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

16.9.5. Amanda

Amanda (Advanced Maryland Network Disk Archiver) ¤Ïñ°ì¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ ¥¯¥é¥¤¥¢¥ó¥È/¥µ¡¼¥Ð·¿¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤¹¡£ Amanda ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¤Ï¡¢ Amanda ¥¯¥é¥¤¥¢¥ó¥È¤òÍ­¤¹¤ë ¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤«¤é¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¼õ¤±¼è¤ê¡¢ È÷¤¨ÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤¿¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤â¤ÎÂçÍÆÎ̥ǥ£¥¹¥¯¤òÈ÷¤¨¤¿¥µ¥¤¥È¤Ç¤Î¶¦Ä̤ÎÌäÂê¤Ï¡¢ ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë»þ´Ö¤¬¤«¤«¤ê¤¹¤®¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£ Amanda ¤Ï¤³¤ÎÌäÂê¤ò²ò·è¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ Amanda ¤Ï “¥Û¡¼¥ë¥Ç¥£¥ó¥°¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯” ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¡¢ Ʊ»þ¤ËÊ£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ Amanda ¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤«¤«¤ì¤¿¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Õ¥ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤òÆÃÄê¤Î´Ö³Ö¤Ç¤È¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë “¥¢¡¼¥«¥¤¥Ö¥»¥Ã¥È” ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¥Æ¡¼¥×¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤òºîÀ®¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ “¥¢¡¼¥«¥¤¥Ö¥»¥Ã¥È” ¤Ë¤Ï Ìë´Ö¤ËºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÁýʬ (¤Þ¤¿¤Ïº¹Ê¬) ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤â´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¾ã³²¤¬µ¯¤­¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¥¢¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ºÇ¤â¿·¤·¤¤¥Õ¥ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÈÁýʬ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹¡£

ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÎÀ©¸æ¤È Amanda ¤Ë¤è¤ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¥È¥é¥Õ¥£¥Ã¥¯Î̤òÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£ Amanda ¤Ï¾åµ­¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡£ Amanda ¤Ï port ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï package ¤È¤·¤ÆÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ç¤¹¡£¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

16.9.6. ²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤

“²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤” ¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤¬¡¢ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÎÀïά¤È¤·¤ÆºÇ¤â¹­¤¯ºÎÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ï½é´üÅê»ñ¤¬É¬Íפ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ½¾¤ï¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥¹¥±¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤¿¤À²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ë²¿¤«µ¯¤­¤¿¤é¶ì¾Ð¤¤¤·¤ÆÂѤ¨¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤!

¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ»þ´Ö¤ä¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î²ÁÃͤ¬¾¯¤Ê¤¤¤«¡¢ ¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤¯¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð “²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤” ¤Î¤Ï¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ËºÇ¤âŬ¤·¤¿¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤·¤«¤·Ãí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£UNIX ¤ÏÊØÍø¤Ê¥Ä¡¼¥ë¤Ç¤¹¡£ 6 ¥ö·î¤â»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ²ÁÃͤΤ¢¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î»³¤¬½ÐÍè¾å¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

“²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤” ¤³¤È¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤¬Æ±¤¸¤â¤Î¤ò¤â¤¦°ìÅÙºî¤êľ¤¹¤³¤È¤Î¤Ç¤­¤ë /usr/obj ¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¥Ä¥ê¡¼¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÏŬÀڤʥХ寥¢¥Ã¥×ÊýË¡¤Ç¤¹¡£ °ìÎã¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢¤³¤Î¥Ï¥ó¥É¥Ö¥Ã¥¯¤Î HTML ÈÇ ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï PostScript® ÈǤò¹½À®¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Îʸ½ñ·Á¼°¤Ï SGML ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤éºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ HTML ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï PostScript ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÏɬÍפ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ SGML ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÏÄê´üŪ¤Ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

16.9.7. ¤É¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬ºÇŬ¤Ç¤¹¤«?

dump(8) ¤Ç¤¹¡£°Ê¾å¡£ Elizabeth D. Zwicky ¤Ï¤³¤³¤Ç¸¡Æ¤¤·¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¹éÌäŪ¤Ê¥Æ¥¹¥È¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤È UNIX ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¾õÂÖ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤òÊݸ¤¹¤ë¤Î¤ËºÇŬ¤Ê¤Î¤Ï¡¢ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë dump ¤Ç¤¹¡£ Elizabeth ¤Ï¿¼ï¿ÍͤÎÆðۤʾõÂÖ (¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Ï¤¢¤Þ¤êÄÁ¤·¤¯¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹) ¤ò´Þ¤à¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºîÀ®¤·¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤È¥ê¥¹¥È¥¢¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ÆðۤʾõÂ֤Ȥϡ¢ ¥Û¡¼¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢¥Û¡¼¥ë¤È¥Ì¥ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¬¤¢¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢ ´ñ̯¤Êʸ»ú¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ë»ý¤Ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢Æɤ߼è¤êÉԲġ¢ ½ñ¤­¹þ¤ßÉԲĤΥե¡¥¤¥ë¡¢¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×Ãæ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥µ¥¤¥ºÊѹ¹¡¢ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×Ãæ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎºîÀ®¤ª¤è¤Óºï½ü¡¢¤Ê¤É¤Ç¤¹¡£ Èà½÷¤Ï 1991 ǯ 10 ·î¤Î LISA V ¤Ç·ë²Ì¤òȯɽ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ torture-testing Backup and Archive Programs ¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

16.9.8. ¶ÛµÞ»þ¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¥¢¼ê½ç

16.9.8.1. »´»ö¤¬µ¯¤­¤ëÁ°¤Ë

ȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê»´»ö¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤â¡¢ È÷¤¨¤ë¤Î¤ËɬÍפʼê½ç¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î 4 ¥¹¥Æ¥Ã¥×¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£

ºÇ½é¤Ë¡¢ ³Æ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë (/etc/fstab)¡¢ ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸Á´ÂΤò¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì 2 Ë示¤Ä°õºþ¤·¤Þ¤¹ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð disklabel da0 | lpr)¡£

2 ÈÖÌܤˡ¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤È fix-it ¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼ (boot.flp ¤ª¤è¤Ó fixit.flp) ¤Ë¤½¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬¤¹¤Ù¤Æ´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«³Îǧ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ºÇ¤â´Êñ¤Ë³Îǧ¤¹¤ëÊýË¡¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ò¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ËÆþ¤ì¤Æ¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ò¥ê¥Ö¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò³Îǧ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¡¢ µ¡Ç½¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð 3 ÈÖÌܤμê½ç¤Ë¿Ê¤ó¤Ç¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¤µ¤â¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¡¢ ¥Æ¡¼¥×¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¤â¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ç¤­¤ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òÈ÷¤¨¤¿ ¥«¥¹¥¿¥à¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ò 2 ËçºîÀ®¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¤Ï fdisk, disklabel, newfs, mount ¤È¡¢ÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¥¹¥¿¥Æ¥£¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ dump ¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤Ë¤Ï restore ¤â´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

3 ÈÖÌܤˡ¢Äê´üŪ¤Ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤òºîÀ®¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ºÇ¸å¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Î¸å¤Ç¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿Êѹ¹¤Ï¡¢²óÉü¤Ç¤­¤º¤Ë¼º¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë¥é¥¤¥È¥×¥í¥Æ¥¯¥È¤ò»Ü¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

4 ÈÖÌܤˡ¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ (boot.flp ¤È fixit.flp¡¢ ¤«¡¢Âè 2 Ãʳ¬¤ÇºîÀ®¤·¤¿ 2 Ëç¤Î¥«¥¹¥¿¥à¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¤É¤Á¤é¤«) ¤ª¤è¤Ó¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¤ò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¼ê½ç¤Î¥á¥â¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤³¤Î¥á¥â¤Ï¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¡¢°õºþ¤·¤¿»æ¡¢ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤È°ì½ï¤ËÊݸ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥ê¥¹¥È¥¢¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤È¤­¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤³¤Î¥á¥â¤¬¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤ò²õ¤¹¤Î¤òËɤ°¤¯¤é¤¤¼è¤êÍ𤷤Ƥ¤¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó (¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë? tar xvf /dev/sa0 ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢¤¦¤Ã¤«¤ê tar cvf /dev/sa0 ¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤ò¾å½ñ¤­¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó)¡£

ÌõÃí: ¾å½ñ¤­¤Ï¥é¥¤¥È¥×¥í¥Æ¥¯¥È¤ò¤·¤Æ¤ª¤±¤ÐËɤ²¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢ ²¿¤é¤«¤Î¸¶°ø¤Ç¥×¥í¥Æ¥¯¥È¤¬¤Ï¤º¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤Á¤Ê¤ß¤ËÌõ¼Ô¤Î·Ð¸³¤«¤é¸À¤¨¤Ð¡¢ ¾å¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥ß¥¹¥¿¥¤¥×¤Ï·ë¹½µ¯¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

°ÂÁ´À­¤òÁý¤¹¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢Ëè²ó¡¢ ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤òºîÀ®¤·¡¢ 2 ´¬¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤ò¼è¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ °ìÊý¤òÎ¥¤ì¤¿¾ì½ê¤ËÊݴɤ·¤Þ¤¹¡£ Î¥¤ì¤¿¾ì½ê¤ÏƱ¤¸»ö̳½ê¤Î·úʪ¤ÎÃϲ¼¼¼¤Ç¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ À¤³¦ËÇ°×¥»¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Ó¥ë¤Ë¤¢¤Ã¤¿¿ô¿¤¯¤Î²ñ¼Ò¤Ï¡¢ ¶ì¤¤·Ð¸³¤Ë¤è¤ê¤³¤Î¶µ·±¤òÆÀ¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Î¥¤ì¤¿¾ì½ê¤È¤Ï¡¢ ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ä¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤«¤é½½Ê¬¤Êµ÷Î¥¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ ʪÍýŪ¤ËʬΥ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

例 16-3. ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È

#!/bin/sh
#
# create a restore floppy
#
# format the floppy
#
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

fdformat -q fd0
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
	 echo "Bad floppy, please use a new one"
	 exit 1
fi

# place boot blocks on the floppy
#
disklabel -w -B /dev/fd0c fd1440

#
# newfs the one and only partition
#
newfs -t 2 -u 18 -l 1 -c 40 -i 5120 -m 5 -o space /dev/fd0a

#
# mount the new floppy
#
mount /dev/fd0a /mnt

#
# create required directories
#
mkdir /mnt/dev
mkdir /mnt/bin
mkdir /mnt/sbin
mkdir /mnt/etc
mkdir /mnt/root
mkdir /mnt/mnt			# for the root partition
mkdir /mnt/tmp
mkdir /mnt/var

#
# populate the directories
#
if [ ! -x /sys/compile/MINI/kernel ]
then
	 cat << EOM
The MINI kernel does not exist, please create one.
Here is an example config file:
#
# MINI -- A kernel to get FreeBSD onto a disk.
#
machine         "i386"
cpu             "I486_CPU"
ident           MINI
maxusers        5

options         INET                    # needed for _tcp _icmpstat _ipstat
                                        #            _udpstat _tcpstat _udb
options         FFS                     #Berkeley Fast File System
options         FAT_CURSOR              #block cursor in syscons or pccons
options         SCSI_DELAY=15           #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device
options         NCONS=2                 #1 virtual consoles
options         USERCONFIG              #Allow user configuration with -c XXX

config          kernel	root on da0 swap on da0 and da1 dumps on da0

device          isa0
device          pci0

device          fdc0	at isa? port "IO_FD1" bio irq 6 drq 2 vector fdintr
device          fd0	at fdc0 drive 0

device          ncr0

device          scbus0

device          sc0	at isa? port "IO_KBD" tty irq 1 vector scintr
device          npx0	at isa? port "IO_NPX" irq 13 vector npxintr

device          da0
device          da1
device          da2

device          sa0

pseudo-device   loop            # required by INET
pseudo-device   gzip            # Exec gzipped a.out's
EOM
	 exit 1
fi

cp -f /sys/compile/MINI/kernel /mnt

gzip -c -best /sbin/init > /mnt/sbin/init
gzip -c -best /sbin/fsck > /mnt/sbin/fsck
gzip -c -best /sbin/mount > /mnt/sbin/mount
gzip -c -best /sbin/halt > /mnt/sbin/halt
gzip -c -best /sbin/restore > /mnt/sbin/restore

gzip -c -best /bin/sh > /mnt/bin/sh
gzip -c -best /bin/sync > /mnt/bin/sync

cp /root/.profile /mnt/root

cp -f /dev/MAKEDEV /mnt/dev
chmod 755 /mnt/dev/MAKEDEV

chmod 500 /mnt/sbin/init
chmod 555 /mnt/sbin/fsck /mnt/sbin/mount /mnt/sbin/halt
chmod 555 /mnt/bin/sh /mnt/bin/sync
chmod 6555 /mnt/sbin/restore

#
# create the devices nodes
#
cd /mnt/dev
./MAKEDEV std
./MAKEDEV da0
./MAKEDEV da1
./MAKEDEV da2
./MAKEDEV sa0
./MAKEDEV pty0
cd /

#
# create minimum file system table
#
cat > /mnt/etc/fstab <<EOM
/dev/fd0a    /    ufs    rw  1  1
EOM

#
# create minimum passwd file
#
cat > /mnt/etc/passwd <<EOM
root:*:0:0:Charlie &:/root:/bin/sh
EOM

cat > /mnt/etc/master.passwd <<EOM
root::0:0::0:0:Charlie &:/root:/bin/sh
EOM

chmod 600 /mnt/etc/master.passwd
chmod 644 /mnt/etc/passwd
/usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb -d/mnt/etc /mnt/etc/master.passwd

#
# umount the floppy and inform the user
#
/sbin/umount /mnt
echo "The floppy has been unmounted and is now ready."

16.9.8.2. »´»ö¤Î¸å¤Ï

½ÅÍפÊÌäÂê¤Ï¡¢¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤¬À¸¤­»Ä¤Ã¤¿¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤Ç¤¹¡£ Äê´üŪ¤Ë¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¿´ÇÛ¤¹¤ëɬÍפϤ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ë¾ã³²¤¬¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë¤½¤ÎÉôÉʤò¸ò´¹¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤ËÌäÂ̵꤬¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¥«¥¹¥¿¥à¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Ç¥Ö¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ (boot: ¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤Ç -s ¤òÆþÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹)¡¢ ¼¡¤ÎÃÊÍî¤ÏÈô¤Ð¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

boot.flp ¤È fixit.flp ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¤³¤Î¤Þ¤ÞÆɤ߿ʤá¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ boot.flp ¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ò¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ËÆþ¤ì¤Æ¡¢ ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤òµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ËÜÍè¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¥á¥Ë¥å¡¼¤¬²èÌ̤Ëɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ Fixit--Repair mode with CDROM or floppy. ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÁªÂò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£»Ø¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿Ä̤ê fixit.flp ¤ò¤¤¤ì¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ restore ¤È¤½¤Î¾ɬÍפȤʤë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï /mnt2/stand ¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤½¤·¤Æ¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò°ì¤Ä¤º¤Ä²óÉü¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

ºÇ½é¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò mount ¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð mount /dev/da0a /mnt)¡£ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤¬Ç˲õ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢disklabel ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¤¢¤é¤«¤¸¤á°õºþ¤·¤ÆÊݸ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¤¤¿Ä̤ê¤Ë¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤òºî¤êľ¤·¡¢¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ newfs ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºî¤êľ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÆɤ߽ñ¤­²Äǽ¤Ë¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·Ä¾¤·¤Þ¤¹ (mount -u -o rw /mnt)¡£ ¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤È¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Æ¡¼¥×¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¡¢ ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò²óÉü¤·¤Þ¤¹ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð restore vrf /dev/sa0)¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð umount /mnt)¡£ ¾ã³²¤ò¼õ¤±¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ·«¤êÊÖ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬Æ°¤­½Ð¤·¤¿¤é¡¢ ¿·¤·¤¤¥Æ¡¼¥×¤Ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÍýͳ¤ÇºÆ¤Ó»ö¸Î¤¬µ¯¤­¤¿¤ê¡¢¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¬¼º¤ï¤ì¤ë¤«¤ï¤«¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ë¿ô»þ´Ö¤òÈñ¤¹¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¸å¡¹¤ÎºÒÆñ¤«¤éµß¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

ËÜʸ½ñ¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó¾¤Îʸ½ñ¤Ï ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/ ¤«¤é¥À¥¦¥ó¥í¡¼¥É¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¼ÁÌ䤬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥É¥­¥å¥á¥ó¥È ¤òÆɤó¤À¾å¤Ç <questions@FreeBSD.org> ¤Þ¤Ç (±Ñ¸ì¤Ç) Ï¢Íí¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
ËÜʸ½ñ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¼ÁÌä¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢<doc@FreeBSD.org> ¤Þ¤ÇÅŻҥ᡼¥ë¤ò (±Ñ¸ì¤Ç) Á÷¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£