Tivoli Storage Manager for Macintosh Using the Backup-Archive Client


Glossary

The terms in this glossary are defined as they pertain to the TSM library. If you do not find a term you are looking for, you can refer to the IBM Dictionary of Computing, at URL:

   http://www.ibm.com/networking/nsg/nsgmain.htm

This glossary may include terms and definitions from:

A

absolute
A copy group mode value that indicates a file is considered for incremental backup even though the file has not changed since the last time it was backed up. See mode. Contrast with modified.

active policy set
The policy set within a policy domain that contains the most recently activated policy. This policy set is used by all client nodes assigned to the current policy domain. See policy set.

active version
The most recent backup copy of a file stored in TSM storage for a file that currently exists on a file server or workstation. An active version remains active and exempt from deletion until:

administrative client
A program that runs on a file server, workstation, or mainframe. This program lets administrators monitor and control TSM servers using TSM administrator commands. Contrast with backup-archive client.

administrator
A user who is registered to the server as an administrator. Administrators can be assigned one or more privilege classes. Administrators can use the administrative client to enter TSM server commands and queries according to their privileges.

Advanced Program-to-Program Communications (APPC)
An implementation of the SNA LU6.2 protocol permitting interconnected systems to communicate and share the processing of programs. See Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2 and Common Programming Interface Communications.

aggregate data transfer rate
The data transfer rate is calculated by dividing the total number of bytes transferred by the elapsed processing time.

APPC
Advanced program-to-program communications.

archive
A function permitting users to copy one or more files to a long-term storage device. Archive copies can:

Contrast with retrieve.

archive copy
A file or group of files residing in an archive storage pool in TSM storage.

archive copy group
A policy object containing attributes that control the generation, destination, and expiration of archived files. The archive copy group belongs to a management class.

archive retention grace period
The number of days TSM retains an archived copy when the server is unable to rebind the file to an appropriate management class.

authentication
The process of checking and authorizing a user's password before permitting user access to the TSM server. Authentication can be turned on or off by an administrator with system privilege.

authorization rule
A specification permitting another user to either restore or retrieve a user's files from TSM storage.

B

backup
A function permitting users to copy one or more files to a storage pool to protect against data loss. Contrast with restore.

backup-archive client
A program that runs on a file server, PC, or workstation and provides a means for TSM users to back up, archive, restore, and retrieve files. Contrast with administrative client.

backup copy group
A policy object that contains attributes controlling the generation, destination, and expiration of backup files. The backup copy group belongs to a management class.

backup retention grace period
The number of days TSM retains a backup version when the server is unable to rebind the file to an appropriate management class.

backup set
A collection of active files in your file spaces that reside on the TSM server, created by your TSM administrator and copied onto any portable media device that is supported by both the TSM server and client.

backup version
A backed up file, directory, or file space that resides in a backup storage pool in TSM storage. Although there may be more than one backup version of a file in TSM storage, only one is considered the active version. See active version and inactive version.

binding
The process of associating a file with a management class name.

C

central scheduling
A function permitting an administrator to schedule backup and archive operations from a central location. The operations can be scheduled on a periodic basis or on an explicit date.

client
A program running on a file server, PC, workstation, or terminal that requests services of another program called the server. There are two types of TSM clients: administrative and backup-archive. See administrative client and backup-archive client.

Client Access/400
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows environments and provides a set of end user services.

client domain
The set of drives, file systems, or volumes selected by a user for processing during a backup or archive operation.

client node
A file server or workstation registered with the server on which the backup-archive client program is installed.

client polling
A client and server communication technique where the client node queries the server for scheduled work.

client-server
A communications network architecture in which one or more programs (clients) request computing or data services from another program (the server).

closed registration
A registration process in which an TSM administrator must register workstations as client nodes with the server. Contrast with open registration.

command-click (Macintosh)
Click on an item while pressing the Command key. In file and folder lists, this deselects individual items embedded in a group of selected items.

command line interface
A type of user interface where commands are specified on the command line. Contrast with graphical user interface.

Common Programming Interface Communications (CPIC)
A programming interface that permits program-to-program communication using SNA LU6.2. See Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2.

communication method
The method by which a client and server exchange information. For TSM backup-archive clients, the method can be SNA LU6.2, or TCP/IP. See Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2, and Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

communication protocol
A set of defined interfaces that permits computers to communicate with each other.

copy group
A policy object that contains attributes that control backup and archive file:

Backup and archive copy groups belong to management classes. See frequency, destination, mode, retention, serialization, and version.

CPIC
Common Programming Interface Communications.

D

default management class
A management class assigned to a policy set. This class is used to govern backed up or archived files when a user does not explicitly associate a file with a specific management class through the include-exclude list.

demand migration
The process HSM uses to respond to an out-of-space condition on a file system. HSM migrates files to TSM storage until space usage drops to the low threshold set for the file system. If the high threshold and low threshold are the same, HSM attempts to migrate one file.

destination
A copy group attribute that specifies the storage pool in which to back up or archive a file. At installation, TSM provides two storage destinations named backuppool and archivepool.

domain
See policy domain or client domain.

drag
Move the mouse while holding down the mouse button, thus moving the selected object.

drag-and-drop
Move (drag) an object on top of another object and release the mouse button, thus relocating the object.

dsm.opt file
See options file. Also called client options file.

dynamic
A copy group serialization value that specifies TSM accept the first attempt to back up or archive an object, regardless of any changes made during backup or archive processing. See serialization. Contrast with shared dynamic, shared static, and static.

E

error log
A text file written on disk that contains TSM processing error messages. These errors are detected and saved by the TSM server.

exclude
The process of identifying files in an include-exclude list. This process prevents the files from being backed up or migrated whenever a user or schedule enters an incremental or selective backup operation. You can exclude a file from backup and space management, backup only, or space management only.

expiration
The process in which files are identified for deletion because their expiration date or retention period has passed. Backed up or archived files are marked for deletion based on the criteria defined in the backup or archive copy group.

expiring file
A migrated or premigrated file that has been marked for expiration and removal from TSM storage. If a stub file or an original copy of a premigrated file is deleted from a local file system, or if the original copy of a premigrated file is updated, the corresponding migrated or premigrated file is marked for expiration the next time reconciliation is run. It expires and is removed from TSM storage after the number of days specified with the migfileexpiration option have elapsed.

F

file server
A dedicated computer and its peripheral storage devices connected to a local area network that stores both programs and files shared by users on the network.

file space
A logical space on the TSM server that contains a group of files. In TSM, users can restore, retrieve, or delete file spaces from TSM storage. A file space for systems:

frequency
A copy group attribute that specifies the minimum interval, in days, between incremental backups.

fuzzy backup
A backup version of a file that might not accurately reflect what is currently in the file because the file was backed up at the same time as it was being modified.

fuzzy copy
An archive copy of a file that might not accurately reflect what is currently in the file because TSM archived the file while the file was being modified.

G

generate password
Processing that stores a new password in an encrypted password file when the old password expires. Automatic generation of a password prevents password prompting. Password generation can be set in the options file (passwordaccess option). See options file.

gigabyte (GB)
(1) One billion (109) bytes. (2) When referring to memory capacity, 1 073 741 824 in decimal notation.

graphical user interface (GUI)
A type of user interface that takes advantage of a high-resolution monitor. A graphical user interface includes:

Contrast with command line interface. See windowed interface.

GUI
Graphical user interface.

H

hierarchical storage management client
A program that runs on a workstation or file server to provide space management services. The hierarchical storage management client automatically migrates eligible files to TSM storage to maintain specific levels of free space on local file systems. Automatic recalls are made for migrated files when they are accessed. Users are also permitted to migrate and recall specific files.

HSM
Hierarchical Storage Management.

I

inactive version
A copy of a backup file in TSM storage that, either is not the most recent version, or the corresponding original file was deleted from the client file system. Inactive backup versions are eligible for expiration according to the management class assigned to the file.

include-exclude file
On UNIX clients, a file containing statements to determine the files to back up, and the associated management classes to use for backup or archive. See include-exclude list.

include-exclude list
A list of include and exclude options that include or exclude selected files for backup. An exclude option identifies files that should not be backed up. An include option identifies files that are exempt from the exclusion rules or assigns a management class to a file or a group of files for backup or archive services. The include-exclude list is defined either in the include-exclude file (for UNIX clients), or in the client options file. See options file.

incremental backup
A function that permits users to back up files or directories from a client domain. These files or directories are not excluded in the include-exclude list and meet the requirements for frequency, mode, and serialization as defined by a backup copy group of the management class assigned to each file. Contrast with selective backup.

IPX/SPX
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange.

L

Local Area Network (LAN)
A variable-sized communications network placed in one location. LAN connects servers, PCs, workstations, a network operating system, access methods, and communications software and links.

M

management class
A policy object that contains a collection of space management attributes and backup and archive copy groups. The space management attributes contained in a management class assigned to a file determine whether the file is eligible for automatic or selective migration. The attributes in the backup and archive copy groups determine whether a file is eligible for incremental backup and specify how TSM manages backup versions of files and archived copies of files. See binding and copy group.

migration
The process of copying a file from a local file system to TSM storage and replacing the file with a stub file on the local file system. See also threshold migration, demand migration, and selective migration.

mode
A copy group attribute that specifies whether a backup file should be created for a file that was not modified since the last time the file was backed up. See absolute and modified.

modified
A backup copy group attribute indicating a file is considered for backup only if the file has been changed since the last backup. A file is considered changed if the date, size, owner, or permissions have changed. See absolute and mode.

N

Named Pipe
A type of interprocess communication that permits message data streams to pass between peer processes, such as between a client and a server.

NETBIOS
Network Basic Input/Output System. An operating system interface for application programs used on IBM personal computers attached to the IBM Token-Ring Network.

network data transfer rate
The data transfer rate calculated by dividing the total number of bytes transferred by the data transfer time. For example, the time spent transferring data over the network.

Networking Services/DOS (NS/DOS)
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS and Microsoft Windows 3.1 environments. With NS/DOS, communications applications on your workstation can "talk to" partner applications on other systems that support APPC.

node
See client node.

node name
A unique name used to identify a workstation, file server, or PC to the server.

NS/DOS
Networking Services/DOS.

O

open registration
A registration process in which users can register their own workstations or PCs as client nodes with the server. Contrast with closed registration.

options file
A file that contains processing options.

owner
The owner of backup-archive files sent from a multi-user client node, such as AIX.

P

pattern-matching character
See wildcard character.

PC Support/400
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows environments. PC Support/400 also provides a set of end user services.

policy domain
A policy object that contains one or more policy sets. Client nodes are associated with a policy domain. See policy set, management class, and copy group.

policy set
A policy object that contains a group of management class definitions that exist for a policy domain. At any one time, there can be many policy sets within a policy domain, but only one policy set can be active. See active policy set and management class.

progress indicator
A control used to inform a user about the progress of a process.

R

registration
The process of identifying a client node or administrator to the server by specifying a user ID, password, and contact information. For client nodes, a policy domain, compression status, and deletion privileges are also specified.

restore
A function that permits users to copy a version of a backup file from the storage pool to a workstation or file server. The backup copy in the storage pool is not affected. Contrast with backup.

retention
The amount of time, in days, that inactive backed up or archived files are retained in the storage pool before they are deleted. The following copy group attributes define retention: retain extra versions, retain only version, retain version.

retrieve
A function permitting users to copy an archived file from the storage pool to the workstation or file server. The archive copy in the storage pool is not affected. Contrast with archive.

S

scheduling mode
The type of scheduling operation for the client-server node. TSM supports two scheduling modes: client-polling and server-prompted.

scroll
Move through a list of items in a window by operating the scroll bars with the mouse cursor.

select
Choose an item from a list or group of items.

selective backup
A function permitting users to back up files from a client domain. These files are not excluded in the include-exclude list and meet the requirement for serialization in the backup copy group of the management class assigned to each file. Contrast with incremental backup.

serialization
A copy group attribute that specifies whether a file can be modified during a backup or archive operation. See static, dynamic, shared static, and shared dynamic.

server
A program running on a mainframe, workstation, or file server that provides shared services such as backup and archive to other various (often remote) programs (called clients).

server-prompted scheduling
A client-server communication technique where the server contacts the client node when tasks need to be done.

session
A period of time in which a user can communicate with a server to perform backup, archive, restore, or retrieve requests.

shared dynamic
A TSM copy group serialization mode. This mode specifies if a file changes during backup or archive and continues to change after a number of retries. The last retry commits the file to the TSM server whether or not the file changed during backup or archive. Contrast with dynamic, shared static, and static.

shared static
A copy group serialization value specifying that a file must not be modified during a backup or archive operation. TSM attempts to retry the operation a number of times. If the file is in use during each attempt, the file is not backed up or archived. See serialization. Contrast with dynamic, shared dynamic, and static.

sharepoint
A drive or directory on Windows NT, Windows 95, or Windows 98 whose files are available for shared access across a network. The sharepoint name is part of a UNC name. See Universal Naming Convention (UNC) name.

shift-click
Click on an item while pressing the Shift key.

SNA LU6.2
Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2.

space management
The process of keeping sufficient free storage space available on a local file system for new data and making the most efficient and economical use of distributed storage resources.

space management attributes
Attributes contained in a management class that specify:

static
A copy group serialization value specifying that a file must not be modified during a backup or archive operation. If the file is in use during the first attempt, TSM will not back up or archive the file. See serialization. Contrast with dynamic, shared dynamic, and shared static.

storage pool
A named set of storage volumes used as the destination of backup, archive, or migrated copies.

system drive or partition
On Windows NT, the drive or partition on which Windows NT is installed. The Windows NT directory is usually called WINNT or WINNT35.

Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2 (SNA LU6.2)
A set of rules for data to be transmitted in a network. Application programs communicate with each other using a layer of SNA called Advanced Program-to-Program Communication (APPC).

T

TCA
Trusted Communications Agent

TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

timeout
A time event involving:

Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM)
A client-server licensed program product that provides storage management and data access services to customers in a multivendor computer environment.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
A standard set of communication protocols that supports peer-to-peer connectivity of functions for both local and wide-area networks.

Trusted Communications Agent (TCA) (UNIX)
A program that can handle the sign-on password protocol when password access is generated. The main process (for example, dsm, dsmc) makes a run time decision based on the password access option setting, the user ID, and the executables' access privileges to run this program. The file that contains this program must be owned by root with the 's' bit set.

TSM
Tivoli Storage Manager

TSM authorized user
A user who has administrative authority for the TSM client on a workstation. This user changes passwords, performs open registrations, and deletes file spaces.

TSM Preferences file
A file, used on Macintosh clients, that contains processing options. A sample of this file is provided during the initial installation and setup of TSM. A copy of the sample defaults file can be created to set up precise processing options. See options file.

U

Universal Naming Convention (UNC) name
A name used on Windows NT, Windows 95, or Windows 98 to access a drive or directory containing files shared across a network. The UNC name includes the machine name and a sharepoint name that represents the shared drive or directory. See sharepoint.

V

version
The maximum number of different backup copies of files retained for files. The following backup copy group attributes define version criteria: versions data exists, and versions data deleted.

W

wildcard character
An asterisk (*) or question mark (?) character used to search for various or certain combinations of alphanumeric and symbolic names. These names can reflect file names or character strings within a file.

windowed interface
A type of user interface that is either a graphical user interface or a text-based interface. The text-based interface maintains a close affinity to the graphical user interface, including action bars and their associated pull-down menus and windows. See graphical user interface.

workstation
A programmable high-level workstation (usually on a network) with its own processing hardware such as a high-performance personal computer. In a local area network, a personal computer that acts as a single user or client. A workstation can also be used as a server.


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