Thought to have first been defined by Cem Kaner et. al. in Testing Computer Software [Cem Kaner, Jack Falk, and
Hung Quoc Nguyen 1999. Testing Computer Software, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.], exploratory testing
has been publicized by the work of others, including James Bach. Bach advocates a style of exploratory testing where
short sessions of exploration lasting approximately 90 minutes are briefly planned and undertaken, with the results
recorded and reviewed.
The following quote from James Bach explains some of the benefits of Exploratory Testing:
"Exploratory software testing is a powerful and fun approach to testing. In some situations, it can be orders of
magnitude more productive than scripted testing. I haven't found a tester yet who didn't, at least unconsciously,
perform exploratory testing at one time or another. Yet few of us study this approach, and it doesn't get much
respect in our field. It's high time we stop the denial, and publicly recognize the exploratory approach for what
it is: scientific thinking in real-time." [James Bach 2001. What Is Exploratory Testing? (And How It Differs
from Scripted Testing). Software Testing and Quality Engineering Magazine, Jan 29, 2001.]
Bach provides a simple definition of the technique as "test design and test execution at the same time". This technique
for testing computer software does not require significant advanced planning and is tolerant of limited documentation
for the target-of-test. Instead, the technique relies mainly on the skill and knowledge of the tester to guide the
testing, and uses an active feedback loop to guide and calibrate the effort.
We recommend the following resources for further information on exploratory testing:
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