To create a PL/SQL package:
A package specification establishes which package objects can be referenced from outside of the package; it specifies routines and declares exceptions.
A package body contains the implementation of all of the procedures and functions that are declared within the package specification.
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE emp_admin IS FUNCTION get_dept_name ( p_deptno NUMBER DEFAULT 10 ) RETURN VARCHAR2; FUNCTION update_emp_sal ( p_empno NUMBER, p_raise NUMBER ) RETURN NUMBER; PROCEDURE hire_emp ( p_empno NUMBER, p_ename VARCHAR2, p_job VARCHAR2, p_sal NUMBER, p_hiredate DATE DEFAULT sysdate, p_comm NUMBER DEFAULT 0, p_mgr NUMBER, p_deptno NUMBER DEFAULT 10 ); PROCEDURE fire_emp ( p_empno NUMBER
-- -- Package body for the 'emp_admin' package. -- CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY emp_admin IS -- -- Function that queries the 'dept' table based on the department -- number and returns the corresponding department name. -- FUNCTION get_dept_name ( p_deptno IN NUMBER DEFAULT 10 ) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS v_dname VARCHAR2(14); BEGIN SELECT dname INTO v_dname FROM dept WHERE deptno = p_deptno; RETURN v_dname; EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid department number ' || p_deptno); RETURN ''; END; -- -- Function that updates an employee's salary based on the -- employee number and salary increment/decrement passed -- as IN parameters. Upon successful completion the function -- returns the new updated salary. -- FUNCTION update_emp_sal ( p_empno IN NUMBER, p_raise IN NUMBER ) RETURN NUMBER IS v_sal NUMBER := 0; BEGIN SELECT sal INTO v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno; v_sal := v_sal + p_raise; UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal WHERE empno = p_empno; RETURN v_sal; EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || p_empno || ' not found'); RETURN -1; WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The following is SQLERRM:'); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The following is SQLCODE:'); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLCODE); RETURN -1; END; -- -- Procedure that inserts a new employee record into the 'emp' table. -- PROCEDURE hire_emp ( p_empno NUMBER, p_ename VARCHAR2, p_job VARCHAR2, p_sal NUMBER, p_hiredate DATE DEFAULT sysdate, p_comm NUMBER DEFAULT 0, p_mgr NUMBER, p_deptno NUMBER DEFAULT 10 ) AS BEGIN INSERT INTO emp(empno, ename, job, sal, hiredate, comm, mgr, deptno) VALUES(p_empno, p_ename, p_job, p_sal, p_hiredate, p_comm, p_mgr, p_deptno); END; -- -- Procedure that deletes an employee record from the 'emp' table based -- on the employee number. -- PROCEDURE fire_emp ( p_empno NUMBER ) AS BEGIN DELETE FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno; END; END;
The new PL/SQL package contains a specification and a body.