Throughout this book, syntax is described using the structure defined
below.
- Read the syntax diagrams from left to right, from top to bottom,
following the path of the line.
The ►►─── symbol indicates the beginning of a statement.
The ───► symbol indicates that the statement syntax is continued on the
next line.
The ►─── symbol indicates that a statement is continued from the previous
line.
The ───►◄ symbol indicates the end of a statement.
Diagrams of syntactical
units other than complete statements start with the ►─── symbol and end with the ───► symbol.
- Required items appear on the horizontal line (the main path).

>>-STATEMENT--required_item------------------------------------><
- Optional items appear below the main path.

>>-STATEMENT--+---------------+--------------------------------><
'-optional_item-'
- If you can choose from two or more items, they appear vertically,
in a stack.
If you
must choose one of the
items, one item of the stack appears on the main path.

>>-STATEMENT--+-required_choice1-+-----------------------------><
'-required_choice2-'
If choosing is optional, the entire stack appears
below the main path.

>>-STATEMENT--+------------------+-----------------------------><
+-optional_choice1-+
'-optional_choice2-'
- If one of the items is the default, it appears above the main
path and the remaining choices are shown below.

.-default_choice--.
>>-STATEMENT--+-----------------+------------------------------><
+-optional_choice-+
'-optional_choice-'
- An arrow returning to the left above the main line indicates an
item that can be repeated.

.-----------------.
V |
>>-STATEMENT----repeatable_item-+------------------------------><
A repeat arrow above a stack indicates that you can repeat
the items in the stack.
- A set of vertical bars around an item indicates that the item
is a fragment, a part of the syntax diagram
that appears in greater detail below the main diagram.

>>-STATEMENT--| fragment |-------------------------------------><
fragment
|--expansion_provides_greater_detail----------------------------|
- Keywords appear in uppercase (for example, PARM1).
They must be spelled exactly as shown but can be specified in any
case. Variables appear in all lowercase letters (for example, parmx). They represent user-supplied names or values.
- If punctuation marks, parentheses, arithmetic operators, or such
symbols are shown, you must enter them as part of the syntax.