Chapter 10
SCRATCH Installation for Symmetry 5000 Systems

The SCRATCH installation procedure does an initial (full) installation of the base operating system and the layered products that you have selected. It can be done in two ways:


Device Name Assignments

The operating system supports two types of devices: local and shareable. Local devices are connected directly to the CSM. Devices connected to QCIC interfaces (other than the boot Pbay) are shareable.

When you perform a scratch installation and then boot the system, the autoconfiguration procedure will automatically assign names to the devices on your system.

By default, the names of disks are assigned in this order:

If you prefer to use another naming scheme for your disks, run the devctl command to change the assigned names to names that are meaningful to you. (See devctl(1M) and the DYNIX/ptx System Configuration and Performance Guide.)


Installation Checklist

To perform the installation, complete the following steps:

[  ]

Take one of the following actions:

ptx/SPDRIVERS should be installed on your system before you compile the kernel. You will see warnings if this product is not installed.

[  ]

If you need to do any of the following, shut down the system to monitor Level-B:

  • If you installed the CSM software but have not downloaded it, download it as described in the CSM Software and Diagnostic Executive Release Notes.

  • If you installed the QCIC software but have not downloaded it, download it as described in the QCIC Software V3.4.1 Release Notes.

  • If you set the loaderPath, lvlBPath, and QCICPath to point to the CD-ROM device, reset them to point to your boot disk. This step must be done from monitor Level-B. The following examples assume that usr/ssw is located on sd0s0.

    ---> bh loaderPath=qd(0,0)usr/ssw/boot
    ---> bs lvlBPath=qd(0,0)usr/ssw/fw/csm/lvlB
    ---> bo QCICPath=qd(0,0)usr/ssw/fw/qcic/opfw
[  ]

If you shut down the system to download CSM or QCIC software or to change the loaderPath, lvlBPath and QCICPath, type bh at the monitor prompt to boot the system.


ATTENTION

After a scratch installation, you must boot the system on the V4.4.10 kernel before performing a ROOT installation of other products.


[  ]

Perform a ROOT installation of any remaining layered products on the operating system CD-ROM. Review the installation log files to resolve any errors.

[  ]

Build the kernel and reboot the operating system. See Chapter 12, "Build a Custom Kernel."

[  ]

Complete the post-installation steps described in Chapter 13.


Boot From the Distribution CD-ROM

If DYNIX/ptx is not currently installed or you are doing a scratch installation on the current root disk, you must boot the operating system from the distribution CD-ROM. (You do not need to use this procedure if your system is currently running DYNIX/ptx and you want to install on an alternate disk; go to the next section "Install Software With the SCRATCH Procedure.")

When booting from the CD-ROM, you must specify a swap partition on a disk that contains a VTOC.

The default VTOCs have been modified in the V4.4 release to accommodate a larger root partition. We recommend that you have ptx/INSTALL place the new default VTOC on the installation root disk during the install. To enable ptx/INSTALL to do this, you must specify a primary swap partition on another disk when you boot from the CD-ROM.

Before shutting down the system to boot from the CD-ROM, ensure that you have a second local disk available that can be used for primary swap space. This disk must have a VTOC on it.


ATTENTION

The default names assigned to devices during bootup may not be the names you expected. We recommend that you explicitly name any devices that will be used as installation targets or primary swap after booting from CD-ROM.


To boot from the CD-ROM, complete the following steps.

  1. Take the system to run-level 0:

    # shutdown -gseconds -y -i0

    The power-up monitor should now be running at Level-B (indicated by the ---> prompt). If your system is at Level-A, use the bs command to boot to Level-B.

  2. Insert the distribution CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

  3. Set the loader path to point to the boot program on the CD-ROM. Use a command in the following form, where X is the qc device as specified in the section "Specify Devices from the CSM Monitor" in Appendix A.

    ---> bh loaderPath=qc(X,0)boot

    In the following example, the CD-ROM device is at SCSI ID 5:

    ---> bh loaderPath=qc(0x500,0)boot
  4. Set the QCICPatch to point to the QCIC software on the CD.

    ---> bo QCICPath=qc(0x500,0)usr/ssw/fw/qcic/opfw
  5. Set the lvlBPath to point to the Level-B software on the CD-ROM.

    ---> bs lvlBPath=qc(0x500,0)usr/ssw/fw/csm/lvlB
  6. Boot the operating system from the CD-ROM. The CD-ROM device is at SCSI ID 5 and the primary swap space is sd1s1.

    ---> bh 'slic(2)scsi(5)disk(0)sb8000_unix -s slic(2)scsi(1)disk(1) -I -L'

    In the command, the location of the CD-ROM device and the primary swap partition (the -s option) must be indicated with physical path specifiers because the naming database is not available on the CD-ROM. The -I option creates a naming database. The -L option labels the primary swap partition and is needed only if this partition has not been previously used for swap. (For more information on this syntax, see Appendix A.)


    ATTENTION

    During the boot, you may see messages that the system cannot read or write to certain files. These messages can be ignored.


  7. Rename the installation root disk and, optionally, the swap disk.

    When the operating system is booted, only the root device (the CD-ROM device in this case) and the swap device will have permanent names in the naming database. (The CD-ROM device will be named cd0; the swap device will be named sd0.) All other devices will have temporary names. During the software installation, the devctl -N command will be run automatically to give the devices default permanent names and add them to the naming database. (For details about the naming database, refer to the DYNIX/ptx System Configuration and Performance Guide.)


    ATTENTION

    The default names assigned to devices during bootup and by devctl -N may not be the names you expected. We recommend that you explicitly name any devices that will be used as installation targets or primary swap before beginning the installation.


    If you know the physical path to the disk, use the following command to rename it:

    # /sbin/ptxinstall/create_dev physical_path new_name

    You can also run the /etc/dumpconf -d command to determine the current name of the device and then use the following devctl command to rename it:

    # /etc/devctl -n old_name new_name

    Device names must consist of a string of alpha characters followed by a string of numeric characters. The maximum length is 15 characters.

  8. If you will be installing ptx/SYNC, set the HOME variable to /tmp and export it:

    # HOME=/tmp
    # export HOME

  9. Go to the next section, "Install Software With the SCRATCH Procedure."


    ATTENTION

    If you will be installing the root filesystem on a disk other than the disk used for swap, you must have ptx/INSTALL place a new VTOC on the root disk.



Install Software With the SCRATCH Procedure

To install software packages, use the following procedure. You must be root to perform the installation.

  1. If you have not done so already, insert the distribution CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

  2. Issue the menu command to start ptx/ADMIN; then go to the Software Management Menu.

    Use System Administration -> Software Management


    ATTENTION

    To use ptx/ADMIN, your TERM variable must be set correctly. For the console on CSM-based based systems, it must be set to either link220 or sqnt220, depending on the model of your console. If the menu system does not display properly, suspend or leave the menu system and type the following command: stty -tabs


  3. If your system is currently running DYNIX/ptx V4.4.x or you booted from the distribution CD-ROM, select the Install Software Package option and go to step 4.

    If your system is running a version of DYNIX/ptx earlier than V4.4.x, load ptx/INSTALL on your system:

    1. Run the preview phase for the ptx/INSTALL software.

      For the installation procedure, the name of the ptx/INSTALL software is install. The software Bill of Materials (BOM) and other installation files are loaded into the /usr/options/install directory. The preview log is named /usr/options/install/preview.log.

    2. Run the install phase. This phase can be run in multiuser mode.

    3. After ptx/INSTALL is loaded on your system, go back to the System Administration menu; then reenter the Software Management menu. This menu will now contain a new option, Upgrade Base OS to v4.4/v4.5. Select this option to continue the installation.

      If the installation is halted for any reason, you will need to use this option to restart the installation.

      Use System Administration -> Software Management -> Upgrade Base OS to v4.4/v4.5

  4. Specify the installation source, which can be either CD-ROM, nfs, or directory.

                          
               Installation Source Type
      
     Enter installation source type       ___________     
                             
    

  5. Specify the location of the installation source on the screen that appears next:

  6. On the Installation Type window, select the SCRATCH installation type. (The ROOT and INIT ALT DISK DELTA options will not appear if you booted from CD-ROM.)

     
                                Installation Type 
    Installation Type    Description
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ROOT                 Install on current root, /usr partitions          #
    ALT DISK DELTA       Install on mounted alternate root partition
    INIT ALT DISK DELTA  Make copies of current partitions and install on it
    SCRATCH              Initial install on alternate disk                 #                  
    

  7. Specify information about the installation disk on the Disk Locations form. The disk must be a local disk attached directly to the CSM.

              
                          Disk Locations
     
    Enter alternate root disk and partition       ____
     
    Enter filesystem type                         ____
    Warning: efs requires ptx/EFS,
    a licensed product, be installed or
    selected for installation on new root
     
    Should the filesystems support ACLs?          _
    (Y/N)  
    Install standard vtoc on disk? (Y/N)          _
    (Answer N only if vtoc already exists
     on device)
     
    Enter alternate primary swap disk and         ____
    partition             
    

    If you booted from CD-ROM, the Install Disk Confirmation form will display the physical path to the installation disk that you specified. Because disks might not be assigned the names you expected when the system is booted from CD-ROM, be sure to verify that the installation disk is correct.

               Install Disk Confirmation
     
    The disk you entered is located at          ___
    physical path
    slic(2,o)scsi(0,0)disk(0,0,0)
     
    Enter 'Y' to confirm disk selection
    and continue with installation.
    Enter 'N' to reenter disk selection.
    

    If you chose to have a VTOC installed on the installation disk, ptx/INSTALL will attempt to determine the disk type for that disk. If it cannot locate this information, you will be asked to specify the disk type on the following form. Use SELECT to see a list of valid disk types.

                        Disk Type
     
    Enter type of disk                   _________ 
    

    The installation procedure now obtains product information from the TOC file on the distribution medium.

  8. At the next screen, answer N.

            C2-Certifiable Product Installation
    
    Install only those products which        N
    are C2-Certifiable? (Y/N)
    Enter 'Y' to install only products
    which are C2-Certifiable
    

    Do not answer Y; DYNIX/ptx V4.4.10 has not been certified for C2-level security.

  9. Select the software packages to be installed from the window that appears next. Following is an example.

     
          Select one or more software packages to install/update 
            Part Number   Name       Description                  Version
    ________________________________________________________________
       1003-xxxxx-xx base       DYNIX/ptx(R) Base            v4.4.10 #
       1003-xxxxx-xx encryption DYNIX/ptx(R) Encryption      V4.4.10 
    N  1003-xxxxx-x  nfs        ptx/NFS                      v4.6.5
    


    ATTENTION

    Be sure to install the ptx/SPDRIVERS product before you compile the kernel. You will see warnings if this product is not installed.

    Also, if you are not already running the latest versions of the CSM and QCIC software, be sure to install them. These versions are required to boot the system without the distribution CD-ROM.



    ATTENTION

    Do not install the Fibre Channel Switch, Bridge, or Host Adapter software. This software is used only on IBM xSeries 430 and NUMA-Q 2000 systems.


    Certain software packages require that you enter a license password into the system nodelock file before the package can be installed. The letter N is displayed before these products in the product selection window.


    ATTENTION

    If you selected several products that require licenses, it might take a few minutes for the next installation screen to appear.


  10. If you have selected a software package that requires a license password, a window listing the name of the product will be displayed. Highlight the line containing the product name and press F1 to enter the license for that product. To deselect the product, enter d.

    If you chose to enter the license password, the following form will be displayed. You must enter the license password, the expiration date, and the license checksum. The other values will be filled in for you. (The license information for the products you have purchased is located in the license folder shipped with your software.) The license entries you specify are added to the system nodelock file, /var/netls/nodelock.

                   Add Installation License
     
    Enter the product name               ________
     
    Enter the product version            ________
     
    Enter the node ID                    ________
     
    Enter the vendor ID                  ________
     
    Enter the license password           ________
     
    Enter the expiration date            ________
     
    Enter the license checksum           ________      
    

  11. When a product requires that another product be installed, ptx/INSTALL verifies that the required product has been selected for installation. If required products have not been selected, the following form will appear. You can either reselect products or exit the installation.

                     Compatibility Error
     
    View compatibility errors? (Y/N)               _
     
    Enter 'Y' to display the product
    incompatibilities identified.  You can
    then  reselect products to install
    and continue the installation.
     
    Answer 'N' to abort installation
    

    ptx/INSTALL will now create the temporary directories needed for the installation.

  12. ptx/INSTALL requires additional information to install certain layered products. At this point, you will be asked for that information. For example, a product might include optional components; you will need to specify whether you want to install those components. Most of these screens are self-explanatory.

    If you are installing ptx/LICENSE, refer to the ptx/LICENSE Release Notes for a description of the installation and configuration screens that appear. In particular, do not configure ptx/LICENSE if ptx/TCP/IP is not already configured for networking on your system.

  13. ptx/INSTALL now verifies that there is adequate filesystem space to install the selected products. If there is not enough space, ptx/INSTALL interrupts the installation and displays the following form. Enter Y at the prompt to review the problems found.

                       Disk Space Error
     
    View info on disk space insufficiencies?         ___
    Enter 'Y' to display products whose disk
    space requirements will not be met.
    Enter 'N' to abort the installation.
     
    You may restart the installation once
    the disk space requirements for all
    selected products have been resolved.
    

    When adequate disk space is available, resume the installation by selecting the Install Software Package option (or the Upgrade Base OS to v4.4/v4.5 option) from the Software Management menu.

  14. The installation procedure now determines whether the kernel needs to be recompiled after the installation is complete. You can override the value specified on the form.

    We recommend that you answer Y on the form. ptx/INSTALL will then build a default kernel that includes the layered products you have installed. This kernel is needed to boot the operating system properly.

     Configure and compile a kernel with default parameters
      
     Configure and compile a default kernel      ____
     following installation? (Y/N)
    

    If you chose to have ptx/INSTALL compile the default kernel, the following form appears. The name you specify at the first prompt cannot be std, mfg, or mod.

           Configure a kernel with default parameters
     
    Enter a unique name to associate with       default
    this kernel and all its associated
    configuration files
     
    Choose a kernel environment type            ___
           T for TIMESHARE
           P for PARALLEL
           C for COMMERCIAL
     
    Configure for audit? (Y/N)                  ___
     
    Enter a short description of this kernel    _______
                       
    The starting machine type                   _______
     
    The starting architecture type              _______
     
    The starting configuration type             _______
    

  15. If the following situation applies to your installation, the Crosstools Source Type form shown below will appear: you are currently running a version of DYNIX/ptx other than V4.4.10, you are installing the base operating system on an alternate disk, and your distribution media does not include the crosstools source needed to build the kernel.

                              
                       Crosstools Source Type
     
    Enter crosstools source type                      ______
    Supported types: CD-ROM, nfs, directory, or NONE
    (crosstools source only)
           
    

    Because the tools needed to compile the V4.4.10 kernel are not available, the form allows you to specify an alternate source for the tools. If you have another CD-ROM drive, insert the CD-ROM containing DYNIX/ptx V4.4.10 into that drive and enter CD-ROM as the crosstools source type on the form. You will then be asked to specify the name of the CD-ROM device, such as cd1.

    If you do not have another CD-ROM drive, use Cancel to exit the installation; then start the installation again. The "Configure and compile a kernel with default parameters" form will be displayed. Enter N at the prompt and compile the default kernel manually when the installation is complete.

  16. You will now be asked whether you want to build the man pages database and reboot the operating system on the installation disk after the software installation is complete.

    Answer N to the "Rebuild manpages after installation" prompt. (This option does not work for a scratch installation.) You can build the man pages at a later time using one of the methods described in the ptx/INSTALL Software Installation Guide.


    ATTENTION

    Do not have ptx/INSTALL reboot the kernel if you have installed the CSM or QCIC software. This software must be downloaded before the system is rebooted.


                   Installation Options
      
     Rebuild manpages following installation?(Y/N)    __
      
     Reboot on installation disk after                __
     installation? (Y/N)
      
     This is the last screen for installation
     Entering "Run" from this screen will
     start the installation of files for all
     selected products.
    

ptx/INSTALL will now perform the software installation.


ATTENTION

The installation procedure sets both the permanent and the temporary bootpaths to point to the root disk. If you installed software on an alternate disk, the ptx/ADMIN Set Boot Strings and Flags menu option will not report the updated permanent bootpath until after the system is rebooted.


When the installation is complete, return to the "Installation Checklist" earlier in this chapter. If you booted from the distribution CD-ROM, be sure to reset the loaderPath, lvlBPath, and QCICPath as described in this checklist.


Removing the Distribution CD (Optional)

If you want to remove the distribution CD from the drive before booting the system, you can. However, the system will boot properly if the distribution CD is left in the drive during the boot operation.

Previously, the documentation instructed you to devdestroy the cd device after the software was installed. This is no longer necessary as ptx/INSTALL now executes any devdestory action that may be required as part of the installation.


Problems on the Initial Boot


Not Enough Swap Space

When you boot the kernel, you may see a message stating that there is not enough local swap space available to save crash dumps. If this situation occurs, the system will not boot to multiuser mode.

To correct this problem, use ptx ADMIN to create additional swap partitions. (Use System Administration -> Swap Space Management -> Add a Swap Device.) When you add swap partitions with ptx/ADMIN, they will be maintained across system boots. If you use swap -a to create swap partitions, the swap designation will be lost when the system is rebooted.

The swap partitions must be on local disks, which are indicated by an L in the "Flags" column of the /etc/dumpconf output. (If you are planning to rename the disks that will contain swap partitions, perform the devctl renaming operation before you create the swap partitions.)

When you have completed the installation, be sure to configure dump devices as described in the DYNIX/ptx System Recovery and Troubleshooting Guide. You may also want to reconfigure your swap space.


ptx/SVM Configuration Error

If ptx/SVM is installed, you may see the following message when you boot the kernel:

vxvm:vxprint: ERROR: IPC failure: Configuration daemon is not accessible

This message is normal and indicates that the SVM daemon is not currently running. You will not see this message after ptx/SVM has been configured.


Automatic Reboot Fails Because the Root Filesystem Is Mounted

If you requested that ptx/INSTALL do an automatic reboot, the reboot will fail if the system was not able to unmount the root filesystem, which is mounted at /installmnt. To correct this problem, exit ptx/ADMIN, unmount the filesystem, and then reboot manually:

# umount /installmnt
# init 6

Device Names

If the system booted to multiuser mode, it will have assigned permanent names to all devices that had temporary names.

If the system booted to single-user mode, devices (other than the root and swap disk) that have not been explicitly named will have temporary names. If you are planning to keep the system in single-user mode and install additional layered products, you must assign permanent names to any devices that you will need to access. For example, you will need to assign a permanent name to the CD-ROM device:

# devctl -n +cd0 cd0