wrap
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## wrap

wrap — Wraps-around the signal that exceeds the low and high thresholds.

## Description

Wraps-around the signal that exceeds the low and high thresholds.

## Syntax

    ares wrap asig, klow, khigh

    ires wrap isig, ilow, ihigh

    kres wrap ksig, klow, khigh

## Initialization

isig -- input signal

ilow -- low threshold

ihigh -- high threshold

## Performance

xsig -- input signal

klow -- low threshold

khigh -- high threshold

wrap wraps-around the signal that exceeds the low and high thresholds.

This opcode is useful in several situations, such as table indexing or for clipping and modeling a-rate, i-rate or k-rate signals. wrap is also useful for wrap-around of table data when the maximum index is not a power of two (see table and tablei). Another use of wrap is in cyclical event repeating, with arbitrary cycle length.

## Examples

Here is an example of the wrap opcode. It uses the file wrap.csd.

Example 976. Example of the wrap opcode.

See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.

    <CsoundSynthesizer>
    <CsOptions>
    ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
    -odac    ;;;realtime audio out
    ;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
    ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
    ; -o wrap.wav -W  ;;; for file output any platform
    </CsOptions>
    <CsInstruments>

    sr = 44100
    ksmps = 32
    0dbfs  = 1
    nchnls = 2

    instr    1 ; Limit / Mirror / Wrap

    igain    = p4				;gain
    ilevl1   = p5				; + level
    ilevl2   = p6				; - level
    imode    = p7				;1 = limit, 2 = mirror, 3 = wrap

    ain   soundin  "fox.wav"
    ain   = ain*igain

    if    imode = 1 goto limit
    if    imode = 2 goto mirror

    asig  wrap  ain, ilevl2, ilevl1
    goto  outsignal

    limit:
    asig  limit  ain, ilevl2, ilevl1
    goto  outsignal

    mirror:
    asig  mirror  ain, ilevl2, ilevl1
    outsignal:

    outs  asig*.5, asig*.5			;mind your speakers

    endin

    </CsInstruments>
    <CsScore>

    ;           Gain  +Levl -Levl Mode
    i1  0  3    4.00  .25  -1.00   1	;limit
    i1  4  3    4.00  .25  -1.00   2	;mirror
    i1  8  3    4.00  .25  -1.00   3	;wrap
    e
    </CsScore>
    </CsoundSynthesizer>

## See Also

limit, mirror

## Credits

Author: Gabriel Maldonado
Italy

New in Csound version 3.49

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