mandel
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## mandel

mandel — Mandelbrot set

## Description

Returns the number of iterations corresponding to a given point of complex plane by applying the Mandelbrot set formula.

## Syntax

    kiter, koutrig mandel  ktrig, kx, ky, kmaxIter

## Performance

kiter - number of iterations

koutrig - output trigger signal

ktrig - input trigger signal

kx, ky - coordinates of a given point belonging to the complex plane

kmaxIter - maximum iterations allowed

mandel is an opcode that allows the use of the Mandelbrot set formula to generate an output that can be applied to any musical (or non-musical) parameter. It has two output arguments: kiter, that contains the iteration number of a given point, and koutrig, that generates a trigger 'bang' each time kiter changes. A new number of iterations is evaluated only when ktrig is set to a non-zero value. The coordinates of the complex plane are set in kx and ky, while kmaxIter contains the maximum number of iterations. Output values, which are integer numbers, can be mapped in any sorts of ways by the composer.

## Examples

Here is an example of the mandel opcode. It uses the file mandel.csd.

Example 433. Example of the mandel opcode.

See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.

    <CsoundSynthesizer>
    <CsOptions>
    ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
    -odac     ;;;realtime audio out
    ;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
    ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
    ; -o mandel.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
    </CsOptions>
    <CsInstruments>
    ;example by Brian Evans
    sr = 44100
    ksmps = 32
    nchnls = 2

    instr 1

    ipitchtable = 1						; pitch table in score
    ipitchndx = p5						; p5=pitch index from table

    ipitch table  ipitchndx, ipitchtable
    kenv   expseg 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 11.5, .0001
    asig   pluck  ampdb(p4)*kenv, cpspch(ipitch), cpspch(ipitch), 0, 1
           outs   asig, asig

    endin
    </CsInstruments>
    <CsScore>

    f1 0 32 -2 6.00 6.02 6.04 6.05 6.07 6.09 6.11		; f1 is a pitch table defining a four octave C major scale starting
               7.00 7.02 7.04 7.05 7.07 7.09 7.11		; on C two octaves below middle C
               8.00 8.02 8.04 8.05 8.07 8.09 8.11
               9.00 9.02 9.04 9.05 9.07 9.09 9.11

    ;ins start   dur ampdb(p4) pitchndx(p5)

    i1   0       12.0   75     3
    i1   1.5999  12.0   75     4
    i1   3.4000  12.0   75     5
    i1   4.2000  12.0   75     6
    i1   4.4000  12.0   75     7
    i1   4.6000  12.0   75     9
    i1   4.8000  12.0   75     10
    i1   5.0000  12.0   75     5
    i1   5.2000  12.0   75     27
    i1   5.4000  12.0   75     5
    i1   5.6000  12.0   75     20
    i1   6.0000  12.0   75     24
    i1   6.2000  12.0   75     2
    i1   6.4000  12.0   75     27
    i1   6.6000  12.0   75     20
    i1   6.8000  12.0   75     15
    i1   7.0000  12.0   75     3
    i1   7.2000  12.0   75     3
    i1   7.4000  12.0   75     23
    i1   7.6000  12.0   75     9
    i1   7.8000  12.0   75     17
    i1   8.0000  12.0   75     18
    i1   8.2000  12.0   75     3
    i1   8.4000  12.0   75     26
    i1   8.6000  12.0   75     15
    i1   8.8     12.0   75     2
    i1   9       12.0   75     26
    i1   9.2     12.0   75     8
    i1   9.3999  12.0   75     22
    i1   9.5999  12.0   75     22
    i1   9.7999  12.0   75     20
    i1   9.9999  12.0   75     19
    i1   10.399  12.0   75     20
    i1   10.799  12.0   75     22
    i1   10.999  12.0   75     27
    i1   11.199  12.0   75     25
    i1   11.399  12.0   75     20
    i1   11.599  12.0   75     21
    i1   11.799  12.0   75     24
    i1   11.999  12.0   75     24
    i1   12.199  12.0   75     4
    i1   12.399  12.0   75     13
    i1   12.599  12.0   75     15
    i1   12.799  12.0   75     14
    i1   12.999  12.0   75     3
    i1   13.199  12.0   75     21
    i1   13.399  12.0   75     6
    i1   13.599  12.0   75     3
    i1   13.799  12.0   75     10
    i1   13.999  12.0   75     25
    i1   14.199  12.0   75     21
    i1   14.399  12.0   75     20
    i1   14.599  12.0   75     19
    i1   14.799  12.0   75     18
    i1   15.199  12.0   75     17
    i1   15.599  12.0   75     16
    i1   15.999  12.0   75     15
    i1   16.599  12.0   75     14
    i1   17.199  12.0   75     13
    i1   18.399  12.0   75     12
    i1   18.599  12.0   75     11
    i1   19.199  12.0   75     10
    i1   19.799  12.0   75     9
    e
    </CsScore>
    </CsoundSynthesizer>

## See Also

More information on this opcode: Composing Fractal Music with Csound, by Brian Evans

## Credits

Written by Gabriel Maldonado.

New in Csound 5 (Previously available only on CsoundAV)

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