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# Bugzilla::Auth

- NAME
- DESCRIPTION
- AUTHENTICATION ERROR CODES
  - AUTH_NODATA
  - AUTH_ERROR
  - AUTH_LOGINFAILED
  - AUTH_NO_SUCH_USER
  - AUTH_DISABLED
  - AUTH_LOCKOUT
- LOGIN TYPES
  - LOGIN_OPTIONAL
  - LOGIN_NORMAL
  - LOGIN_REQUIRED
- METHODS
  - Login
  - Info Methods
- STRUCTURE
  - The Info Getter
  - The Verifier
  - The Persistence Mechanism
  - Other Things We Do
  - The $login_data Hash

# NAME

Bugzilla::Auth - An object that authenticates the login credentials for a user.

# DESCRIPTION

Handles authentication for Bugzilla users.

Authentication from Bugzilla involves two sets of modules. One set is used to obtain the username/password (from CGI, email, etc), and the other set uses this data to authenticate against the datasource (the Bugzilla DB, LDAP, PAM, etc.).

Modules for obtaining the username/password are subclasses of Bugzilla::Auth::Login, and modules for authenticating are subclasses of Bugzilla::Auth::Verify.

# AUTHENTICATION ERROR CODES

Whenever a method in the `Bugzilla::Auth` family fails in some way, it will return a hashref containing at least a single key called `failure`. `failure` will point to an integer error code, and depending on the error code the hashref may contain more data.

The error codes are explained here below.

## `AUTH_NODATA`

Insufficient login data was provided by the user. This may happen in several cases, such as cookie authentication when the cookie is not present.

## `AUTH_ERROR`

An error occurred when trying to use the login mechanism.

The hashref will also contain an `error` element, which is the name of an error from `template/en/default/global/code-error.html` -- the same type of error that would be thrown by Bugzilla::Error::ThrowCodeError.

The hashref *may* contain an element called `details`, which is a hashref that should be passed to Bugzilla::Error::ThrowCodeError as the various fields to be used in the error message.

## `AUTH_LOGINFAILED`

An incorrect username or password was given.

The hashref may also contain a `failure_count` element, which specifies how many times the account has failed to log in within the lockout period (see "AUTH_LOCKOUT"). This is used to warn the user when he is getting close to being locked out.

## `AUTH_NO_SUCH_USER`

This is an optional more-specific version of `AUTH_LOGINFAILED`. Modules should throw this error when they discover that the requested user account actually does not exist, according to them.

That is, for example, Bugzilla::Auth::Verify::LDAP would throw this if the user didn't exist in LDAP.

The difference between `AUTH_NO_SUCH_USER` and `AUTH_LOGINFAILED` should never be communicated to the user, for security reasons.

## `AUTH_DISABLED`

The user successfully logged in, but their account has been disabled. Usually this is throw only by `Bugzilla::Auth::login`.

## `AUTH_LOCKOUT`

The user's account is locked out after having failed to log in too many times within a certain period of time (as specified by "LOGIN_LOCKOUT_INTERVAL" in Bugzilla::Constants).

The hashref will also contain a `user` element, representing the Bugzilla::User whose account is locked out.

# LOGIN TYPES

The `login` function (below) can do different types of login, depending on what constant you pass into it:

## `LOGIN_OPTIONAL`

A login is never required to access this data. Attempting to login is still useful, because this allows the page to be personalised. Note that an incorrect login will still trigger an error, even though the lack of a login will be OK.

## `LOGIN_NORMAL`

A login may or may not be required, depending on the setting of the requirelogin parameter. This is the default if you don't specify a type.

## `LOGIN_REQUIRED`

A login is always required to access this data.

# METHODS

These are methods that can be called on a `Bugzilla::Auth` object itself.

## Login

`login($type)`

  Description: Logs a user in. For more details on how this works internally, see the section entitled "STRUCTURE." Params: $type - One of the Login Types from above. Returns: An authenticated `Bugzilla::User`. Or, if the type was not `LOGIN_REQUIRED`, then we return an empty `Bugzilla::User` if no login data was passed in.

## Info Methods

These are methods that give information about the Bugzilla::Auth object.

`can_change_password`

  Description: Tells you whether or not the current login system allows changing passwords. Params: None Returns: `true` if users and administrators should be allowed to change passwords, `false` otherwise.

`can_login`

  Description: Tells you whether or not the current login system allows users to log in through the web interface. Params: None Returns: `true` if users can log in through the web interface, `false` otherwise.

`can_logout`

  Description: Tells you whether or not the current login system allows users to log themselves out. Params: None Returns: `true` if users can log themselves out, `false` otherwise. If a user isn't logged in, we always return `false`.

`user_can_create_account`

  Description: Tells you whether or not users are allowed to manually create their own accounts, based on the current login system in use. Note that this doesn't check the `createemailregexp` parameter--you have to do that by yourself in your code. Params: None Returns: `true` if users are allowed to create new Bugzilla accounts, `false` otherwise.

`extern_id_used`

  Description: Whether or not current login system uses extern_id.

`can_change_email`

  Description: Whether or not the current login system allows users to change their own email address. Params: None Returns: `true` if users can change their own email address, `false` otherwise.

# STRUCTURE

This section is mostly interesting to developers who want to implement a new authentication type. It describes the general structure of the Bugzilla::Auth family, and how the `login` function works.

A `Bugzilla::Auth` object is essentially a collection of a few other objects: the "Info Getter," the "Verifier," and the "Persistence Mechanism."

They are used inside the `login` function in the following order:

## The Info Getter

This is a `Bugzilla::Auth::Login` object. Basically, it gets the username and password from the user, somehow. Or, it just gets enough information to uniquely identify a user, and passes that on down the line. (For example, a `user_id` is enough to uniquely identify a user, even without a username and password.)

Some Info Getters don't require any verification. For example, if we got the `user_id` from a Cookie, we don't need to check the username and password.

If an Info Getter returns only a `user_id` and no username/password, then it MUST NOT require verification. If an Info Getter requires verfication, then it MUST return at least a `username`.

## The Verifier

This verifies that the username and password are valid.

It's possible that some methods of verification don't require a password.

## The Persistence Mechanism

This makes it so that the user doesn't have to log in on every page. Normally this object just sends a cookie to the user's web browser, as that's the most common method of "login persistence."

## Other Things We Do

After we verify the username and password, sometimes we automatically create an account in the Bugzilla database, for certain authentication types. We use the "Account Source" to get data about the user, and create them in the database. (Or, if their data has changed since the last time they logged in, their data gets updated.)

## The `$login_data` Hash

All of the `Bugzilla::Auth::Login` and `Bugzilla::Auth::Verify` methods take an argument called `$login_data`. This is basically a hash that becomes more and more populated as we go through the `login` function.

All `Bugzilla::Auth::Login` and `Bugzilla::Auth::Verify` methods also *return* the `$login_data` structure, when they succeed. They may have added new data to it.

For all `Bugzilla::Auth::Login` and `Bugzilla::Auth::Verify` methods, the rule is "you must return the same hashref you were passed in." You can modify the hashref all you want, but you can't create a new one. The only time you can return a new one is if you're returning some error code instead of the `$login_data` structure.

Each `Bugzilla::Auth::Login` or `Bugzilla::Auth::Verify` method explains in its documentation which `$login_data` elements are required by it, and which are set by it.

Here are all of the elements that *may* be in `$login_data`:

`user_id`

  A Bugzilla `user_id` that uniquely identifies a user.

`username`

  The username that was provided by the user.

`bz_username`

  The username of this user inside of Bugzilla. Sometimes this differs from `username`.

`password`

  The password provided by the user.

`realname`

  The real name of the user.

`extern_id`

  Some string that uniquely identifies the user in an external account source. If this `extern_id` already exists in the database with a different username, the username will be *changed* to be the username specified in this `$login_data`.

  That is, let's my extern_id is `mkanat`. I already have an account in Bugzilla with the username of `mkanat@foo.com`. But this time, when I log in, I have an extern_id of `mkanat` and a `username` of `mkanat@bar.org`. So now, Bugzilla will automatically change my username to `mkanat@bar.org` instead of `mkanat@foo.com`.

`user`

  A Bugzilla::User object representing the authenticated user. Note that `Bugzilla::Auth::login` may modify this object at various points.

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