Filtering Bridges
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# 2 How to Install

Adding bridge functionalities to a FreeBSD system is not difficult. Since 4.5 release it is possible to load such functionalities as modules instead of having to rebuild the kernel, simplifying the procedure a great deal. In the following subsections I will explain both installation ways.

> Important: Do not follow both instructions: a procedure excludes the other one. Select the best choice according to your needs and abilities.

Before going on, be sure to have at least two Ethernet cards that support the promiscuous mode for both reception and transmission, since they must be able to send Ethernet packets with any address, not just their own. Moreover, to have a good throughput, the cards should be PCI bus mastering cards. The best choices are still the Intel EtherExpress™ Pro, followed by the 3Com® 3c9xx series. To simplify the firewall configuration it may be useful to have two cards of different manufacturers (using different drivers) in order to distinguish clearly which interface is connected to the router and which to the inner network.

## 2.1 Kernel Configuration

So you have decided to use the older but well tested installation method. To begin, you have to add the following rows to your kernel configuration file:

    options BRIDGE
    options IPFIREWALL
    options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE

The first line is to compile the bridge support, the second one is the firewall and the third one is the logging functions of the firewall.

Now it is necessary to build and install the new kernel. You may find detailed instructions in the Building and Installing a Custom Kernel section of the FreeBSD Handbook.

## 2.2 Modules Loading

If you have chosen to use the new and simpler installation method, the only thing to do now is add the following row to `/boot/loader.conf`:

    bridge_load="YES"

In this way, during the system startup, the `bridge.ko` module will be loaded together with the kernel. It is not required to add a similar row for the `ipfw.ko` module, since it will be loaded automatically after the execution of the steps in the following section.

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