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Bacula User's Guide
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Bacula User's Guide
Index
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
What is Bacula?
Who Needs Bacula?
Bacula Components or Services
Bacula Configuration
Conventions Used in this Document
Quick Start
Terminology
What Bacula is Not
Interactions Between the Bacula Services
The Current State of Bacula
What is Implemented
Advantages of Bacula Over Other Backup Programs
Current Implementation Restrictions
Design Limitations or Restrictions
System Requirements
System Requirements
Supported Operating Systems
Supported Operating Systems
Supported Tape Drives
Supported Tape Drives
Unsupported Tape Drives
FreeBSD Users Be Aware!!!
Supported Autochangers
Tape Specifications
Getting Started with Bacula
Understanding Jobs and Schedules
Understanding Pools, Volumes and Labels
Setting Up Bacula Configuration Files
Testing your Configuration Files
Testing Bacula Compatibility with Your Tape Drive
Get Rid of the /lib/tls Directory
Running Bacula
Log Rotation
Log Watch
Disaster Recovery
Installing Bacula
General
Source Release Files
Upgrading Bacula
Dependency Packages
Supported Operating Systems
Building Bacula from Source
What Database to Use?
Quick Start
Configure Options
Recommended Options for most Systems
RedHat
Solaris
FreeBSD
Win32
Windows Systems with CYGWIN Installed
Kern's Configure Script
Installing Bacula
Building a File Daemon or Client
Auto Starting the Daemons
Other Make Notes
Installing Tray Monitor
Modifying the Bacula Configuration Files
Critical Items to Implement Before Going Production
General
Critical Items
Recommended Items
A Brief Tutorial
Before Running Bacula
Starting the Database
Starting the Daemons
Interacting with the Director to Query or Start Jobs
Running a Job
Restoring Your Files
Quitting the Console Program
Adding a Second Client
When The Tape Fills
Other Useful Console Commands
Debug Daemon Output
Have Patience When Starting the Daemons or Mounting Blank Tapes
Difficulties Connecting from the FD to the SD
Daemon Command Line Options
Creating a Pool
Labeling Your Volumes
Labeling Volumes with the Console Program
Customizing the Configuration Files
Resource Directive Format
Resource Types
Names, Passwords and Authorization
Detailed Information for each Daemon
Configuring the Director
Director Resource Types
The Director Resource
The Job Resource
The JobDefs Resource
The Schedule Resource
Technical Notes on Schedules
The FileSet Resource
The Client Resource
The Storage Resource
The Pool Resource
The Catalog Resource
The Messages Resource
The Console Resource
The Counter Resource
Example Director Configuration File
Client/File daemon Configuration
General
The Client Resource
The Director Resource
The Message Resource
Example Client Configuration File
Storage Daemon Configuration
General
Storage Resource
Director Resource
Device Resource
Devices that require a mount (DVD)
Autochanger Resource
Capabilities
Messages Resource
Sample Storage Daemon Configuration File
Messages Resource
The Messages Resource
Console Configuration
General
The Director Resource
The ConsoleFont Resource
The Console Resource
Console Commands
Sample Console Configuration File
Monitor Configuration
General
The Monitor Resource
The Director Resource
The Client Resource
The Storage Resource
Tray Monitor Security
Sample Tray Monitor configuration
Bacula Console
General
Console Configuration
Running the Console Program
Stopping the Console Program
Alphabetic List of Console Commands
Special dot Commands
Special At (@) Commands
Running the Console Program from a Shell Script
Adding Volumes to a Pool
The Bacula Console Restore Command
General
The Restore Command
Selecting Files by Filename
Command Line Arguments
Restoring Directory Attributes
Restoring on Windows
Restoring Files Can Be Slow
Problems Restoring Files
Example Restore Job Resource
File Selection Commands
Restoring When Things Go Wrong
GUI Programs
List of GUI Programs
bimagemgr
Catalog Maintenance
Setting Retention Periods
Compacting Your MySQL Database
Repairing Your MySQL Database
Repairing Your PostgreSQL Database
Performance Issues
Performance Issues Indexes
Compacting Your PostgreSQL Database
Compacting Your SQLite Database
Migrating from SQLite to MySQL
Backing Up Your Bacula Database
Backing Up Third Party Databases
Database Size
Automatic Volume Recycling
Automatic Pruning
Pruning Directives
Recycling Algorithm
Recycle Status
Making Bacula Use a Single Tape
A Daily, Weekly, Monthly Tape Usage Example
Automatic Pruning and Recycling Example
Manually Recycling Volumes
Basic Volume Management
Key Concepts and Resource Records
Concurrent Disk Jobs
An Example
Backing up to Multiple Disks
Considerations for Multiple Clients
DVD Volumes
DVD Specific SD Directives
DVD Specific Director Directives
Other Points
Automated Disk Backup
The Problem
The Solution
Overall Design
The Actual Conf Files
Backup Strategies
Simple One Tape Backup
Manually Changing Tapes
Daily Tape Rotation
Autochanger Support
Autochangers -- General
Knowing What SCSI Devices You Have
Example Scripts
Slots
Multiple Devices
Device Configuration Records
Autochanger Resource
An Example Configuration File
A Multi-drive Example Configuration File
Specifying Slots When Labeling
Dealing with Multiple Magazines
Simulating Barcodes in your Autochanger
The Full Form of the Update Slots Command
FreeBSD Issues
Testing the Autochanger and Adapting Your mtx-changer Script
Using the Autochanger
Barcode Support
Bacula Autochanger Interface
Supported Autochangers
Supported Autochanger Models
Data Spooling
Data Spooling Directives
!!! MAJOR WARNING !!!
Other Points
Python Scripting
Python Configuration
Bacula Events
Python Objects
Python Console Command
Python Example
ANSI and IBM Tape Labels
Director Pool Directive
Storage Daemon Device Directives
Bacula Frequently Asked Questions
What is Bacula?
Does Bacula support Windows?
What language is Bacula written in?
On what machines does Bacula run?
Is Bacula Stable?
I'm Getting Authorization Errors. What is Going On?
Bacula Runs Fine but Cannot Access a Client on a Different Machine. Why?
My Catalog is Full of Test Runs, How Can I Start Over?
I Run a Restore Job and Bacula Hangs. What do I do?
I Cannot Get My Windows Client to Start Automatically?
My Windows Client Immediately Dies When I Start It
My backups are not working on my Windows Client. What should I do?
All my Jobs are scheduled for the same time. Will this cause problems?
Can Bacula Backup My System To Files instead of Tape?
Can Bacula Backup and Restore Files Greater than 2 Gigabytes?
I want to stop a job. Is there a better way than ./bacula stop to stop it?
Why have You Trademarked the Name Bacula
®
?
Why is Your Online Document for Version 1.37 but the Released Version is 1.36?
Does Bacula really save and restore all files?
I want an Incremental but Bacula runs it as a Full backup. Why?
Do you really handle unlimited path lengths?
What Is the Really Unique Feature of Bacula?
How can I force one job to run after another?
I Am Not Getting Email Notification, What Can I Do?
My retention periods don't work
Why aren't my files compressed?
Incremental backups are not working
I am waiting forever for a backup of an offsite machine
SSH hangs forever after starting Bacula
I'm confused by retention periods
MaxVolumeSize is ignored
I get a Connection refused when connecting to my Client
Long running jobs die with Pipe Error
How to I tell the Job which Volume to use?
Tips and Suggestions
Examples
Upgrading Bacula Versions
Getting Notified of Job Completion
Getting Email Notification to Work
Getting Notified that Bacula is Running
Maintaining a Valid Bootstrap File
Rejected Volumes After a Crash
Security Considerations
Creating Holiday Schedules
Automatic Labeling Using Your Autochanger
Backing Up Portables Using DHCP
Going on Vacation
How to Exclude File on Windows Regardless of Case
Executing Scripts on a Remote Machine
Recycling All Your Volumes
Backing up ACLs on ext3 or XFS filesystems
Total Automation of Bacula Tape Handling
Running Concurrent Jobs
Volume Utility Tools
Specifying the Configuration File
Specifying a Device Name For a Tape
Specifying a Device Name For a File
Specifying Volumes
bls
bextract
bscan
bcopy
btape
Other Programs
bsmtp
dbcheck
testfind
Testing Your Tape Drive With Bacula
Summary of Steps to Take to Get Your Tape Drive Working
btape
Tips for Resolving Problems
Hardware Compresson on EXB-8900
Recovering Files Written to Tape With Fixed Block Sizes
Tape Blocking Modes
Details of Tape Modes
Autochanger Errors
What To Do When Bacula Crashes (Kaboom)
Traceback
Testing The Traceback
Getting A Traceback On Other Systems
Manually Running Bacula Under The Debugger
Getting Debug Output from Bacula
The Windows Version of Bacula
General
Win32 Installation
Post Win32 Installation
Uninstalling Bacula on Win32
Dealing with Win32 Problems
Windows Compatibility Considerations
Volume Shadow Copy Service
Windows Firewalls
Windows Port Usage
Windows Disaster Recovery
Windows Restore Problems
Windows Ownership and Permissions Problems
Manually resetting the Permissions
Backing Up the WinNT/XP/2K System State
Windows Considerations for Filename Specifications
Command Line Options Specific to the Bacula Windows File Daemon (Client)
Shutting down Windows Systems
Disaster Recovery Using Bacula
General
Important Considerations
Steps to Take Before Disaster Strikes
Bare Metal Recovery on Linux with a Bacula Rescue CDROM
Requirements
Directories
Preparation for a Bare Metal Recovery
Creating a Bacula Rescue CDROM
Putting Two or More Systems on Your Rescue Disk
Restoring a Client System
Boot with your Bacula Rescue CDROM
Restoring a Server
Linux Problems or Bugs
FreeBSD Bare Metal Recovery
Solaris Bare Metal Recovery
Preparing Solaris Before a Disaster
Bugs and Other Considerations
Disaster Recovery of Win32 Systems
Resetting Directory and File Ownership and Permissions on Win32 Systems
Alternate Disaster Recovery Suggestion for Win32 Systems
Restoring to a Running System
Additional Resources
Bacula TLS
TLS Configuration Directives
Creating a Self-signed Certificate
Getting a CA Signed Certificate
Example TLS Configuration Files
Using stunnel to Encrypt Communications to Clients
Communications Ports Used
Encryption
A Picture
Certificates
Securing the Data Channel
Modification of bacula-dir.conf for the Data Channel
config Files for stunnel to Encrypt the Data Channel
Starting and Testing the Data Encryption
Encrypting the Control Channel
Modification of bacula-dir.conf for the Control Channel
config Files for stunnel to Encrypt the Control Channel
Starting and Testing the Control Channel
Using stunnel to Encrypt to a Second Client
Creating a Self-signed Certificate
Getting a CA Signed Certificate
Using ssh to Secure the Communications
Bacula Security Issues
Backward Compatibility
Running as non-root
Dealing with Firewalls
Technical Details
A Concrete Example
Using Bacula to Improve Computer Security
The Details
Running the Verify
What To Do When Differences Are Found
A Verify Configuration Example
Bacula
®
- RPM Packaging FAQ
Answers
Build Options
The Bootstrap File
File Format
Automatic Generation of Bootstrap Files
A Final Example
Installing and Configuring MySQL
Installing and Configuring MySQL -- Phase I
Installing and Configuring MySQL -- Phase II
Re-initializing the Catalog Database
Linking Bacula with MySQL
Installing MySQL from RPMs
Upgrading MySQL
Installing and Configuring PostgreSQL
Installing and Configuring PostgreSQL -- Phase I
Installing and Configuring PostgreSQL -- Phase II
Re-initializing the Catalog Database
Installing PostgreSQL from RPMs
Converting from MySQL to PostgreSQL
Upgrading PostgreSQL
Credits
Installing and Configuring SQLite
Installing and Configuring SQLite -- Phase I
Installing and Configuring SQLite -- Phase II
Linking Bacula with SQLite
Testing SQLite
Re-initializing the Catalog Database
The Bacula internal database is no longer supported, please do not use it.
Internal Bacula Database
Bacula Copyright, Trademark, and Licenses
GPL
LGPL
Public Domain
Trademark
Disclaimer
GNU General Public License
Table of Contents
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Preamble
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
GNU Lesser General Public License
Table of Contents
GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Preamble
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
Bacula Projects
Thanks
Copyrights and Trademarks
Bacula Bugs
Variable Expansion
General Functionality
Bacula Variables
Full Syntax
Semantics
Examples
General Index
Director Index
File Daemon Index
Storage Daemon Index
Console Index
About this document ...
2006-01-19