วิกิซอร์ซ thwikisource https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81 MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.23 first-letter สื่อ พิเศษ พูดคุย ผู้ใช้ คุยกับผู้ใช้ วิกิซอร์ซ คุยเรื่องวิกิซอร์ซ ไฟล์ คุยเรื่องไฟล์ มีเดียวิกิ คุยเรื่องมีเดียวิกิ แม่แบบ คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ วิธีใช้ คุยเรื่องวิธีใช้ หมวดหมู่ คุยเรื่องหมวดหมู่ สถานีย่อย คุยเรื่องสถานีย่อย ผู้สร้างสรรค์ คุยเรื่องผู้สร้างสรรค์ งานแปล คุยเรื่องงานแปล หน้า คุยเรื่องหน้า ดัชนี คุยเรื่องดัชนี TimedText TimedText talk มอดูล คุยเรื่องมอดูล Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 2 57046 189245 189244 2022-08-12T13:28:10Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} เพื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องราวต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>1</ref> |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... j1ents3cdmsvtmqge7javxrfgic5i2x 189246 189245 2022-08-12T13:30:43Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} เพื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องราวต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในเรื่องนี้มีคำเล่าถึงสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... bnkrsrx3jmsmahyb5o96m4y1mamgf53 189247 189246 2022-08-12T13:32:38Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} เพื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องราวต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในเรื่องนี้มีคำเล่าถึงสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งโดยเฉพาะของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษแล้ว |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... goae7odexa95hzy3feq1hod2pf29qeb 189248 189247 2022-08-12T13:35:27Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} เพื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์เป็นเล่มแล้วเมื่อสักสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... jjoexdfg33v7zpzbzmofym2nm4uztnq 189249 189248 2022-08-12T13:35:59Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์เป็นเล่มแล้วเมื่อสักสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... mha5ve03vndrte63jag2fx863uio5bv 189250 189249 2022-08-12T13:51:19Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 42ggxn2vvodc0qx9key5cp25mct68gl 189251 189250 2022-08-12T14:01:05Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' | }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... npzmn83s5tson7y7fjlf6z7sr2dzdui 189252 189251 2022-08-12T14:05:50Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 3 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, an d the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนไปสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... qc6doxoxcxo86f9c1qgnd66zqib4057 189253 189252 2022-08-12T14:10:08Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 3 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนไปสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้นำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม<ref>xxx</ref> และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากซึ่งพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... e99efxr8zz6c7p9te9eu9repochw6qz 189254 189253 2022-08-12T14:15:12Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 3 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม<ref>xxx</ref> และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... td4ov2wr7g5x04u0it7u2gba9lfz1ie 189255 189254 2022-08-12T14:21:51Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 3 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามเรียบร้อยแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 628z0jo9g2mjbas4y1axwrf4kw814fv 189256 189255 2022-08-12T14:22:58Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 3 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' | }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... stx1c6dje42yh3qlcqerr7njarfw1yj 189257 189256 2022-08-12T14:24:01Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งหมดสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... cv3cu0a2draq1uszwqbid1zrhgwk3u3 189258 189257 2022-08-12T14:30:16Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref>xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 8vihrwpin1iu2o2x76v6d3eh6tjc90b 189259 189258 2022-08-12T14:30:49Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref>xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... gc6z9hrd2b5tdas97yut18l4uy96eqn 189260 189259 2022-08-12T14:44:29Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ขนาดใหญ่ และให้ทุบมัถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้ }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... hc8tmwv8ht1ky67splo2k9llganrdo7 189261 189260 2022-08-12T14:47:31Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ขนาดใหญ่ และให้ทุบมัถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... fxa4wopdsfdsbex551zpihj7iiufm3b 189262 189261 2022-08-12T14:50:35Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไมัจันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... cbvkpkd542vu5em1dgh2f8jcnxrylio 189263 189262 2022-08-12T14:54:52Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไมัจันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ<ref>xxx</ref> มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 5ul1dl31afur7zqfsdr3v7zx9q073mg 189264 189263 2022-08-12T14:58:08Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไมัจันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมืออันหยาบช้าใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... pd3og5swce0n4gg0o6obyxiuiil5zb8 189265 189264 2022-08-12T14:58:30Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมืออันหยาบช้าใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 6yslvl6lx3hiyx33wo5f4qvt3zwskuc 189266 189265 2022-08-12T14:59:29Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสกับมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือกับอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 17pktndzow1z009pvi8xs94xjwnmokh 189267 189266 2022-08-12T14:59:50Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติของตนแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 3xmxnnje30nxbpht37e9wipmz4n7xfi 189268 189267 2022-08-12T15:01:33Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 4 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีรูปประติมากรรมประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... c7p5hjyh7s3jx2q65sqnma36xqcykcj 189285 189268 2022-08-13T11:24:35Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 2 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' | }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... lyx63kr82j36yju6m9a2p3jsup1w9n2 189286 189285 2022-08-13T11:26:19Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ พระลักษณะของพระองค์ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวทั้งหลายของชาวฝรั่งเศสซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น โลดโผนยิ่งนัก }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 1mxe4aa0m0voxddzudkr2erml8tsdm8 189287 189286 2022-08-13T11:27:41Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ พระลักษณะของพระองค์ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวของชาวฝรั่งเศสทุกฉบับซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น โลดโผนยิ่งนัก เขากล่าวไว้ต้องตรงกันว่า พระองค์ทรงเป็นเจ้าชายที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดที่เคยเสวยราชย์มาในสยาม }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... na5qvezxf46ea92xwhd71s750nn57iy 189288 189287 2022-08-13T11:39:00Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ ลักษณะของพระองค์ ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวของชาวฝรั่งเศสทุกฉบับซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น เป็นไปในทางดียิ่ง เขากล่าวไว้ต้องตรงกันว่า พระองค์ทรงเป็นเจ้าชายที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดที่เคยเสวยราชย์มาในสยาม สัดส่วนของพระองค์นั้นเล็กกว่าขนาดกลางอยู่บ้าง แต่ทรงผอม<ref>xxx</ref> และรูปร่างดี }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... qg4isyx7o2yejr60pnmy5y6m7w8e81w 189289 189288 2022-08-13T11:44:58Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ ลักษณะของพระองค์ ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวของชาวฝรั่งเศสทุกฉบับซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น เป็นไปในทางดียิ่ง เขากล่าวไว้ต้องตรงกันว่า พระองค์ทรงเป็นเจ้าชายที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดที่เคยเสวยราชย์มาในสยาม สัดส่วนของพระองค์นั้นเล็กกว่าขนาดกลางอยู่บ้าง แต่ลำตัวตรง<ref>xxx</ref> และรูปร่างดี พระองค์ทรงมีอากัปกิริยาน่าต้องตาต้องใจ }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... ak0o0lhh4zl53ot4imciqr20ux6lc9o 189290 189289 2022-08-13T11:47:35Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ ลักษณะของพระองค์ ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวของชาวฝรั่งเศสทุกฉบับซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น เป็นไปในทางดียิ่ง เขากล่าวไว้ต้องตรงกันว่า พระองค์ทรงเป็นเจ้าชายที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดที่เคยเสวยราชย์มาในสยาม สัดส่วนของพระองค์นั้นเล็กกว่าขนาดกลางอยู่บ้าง แต่ลำตัวตรง<ref>xxx</ref> และรูปร่างดี พระองค์ทรงมีอากัปกิริยาน่าต้องตาต้องใจ ทรงมีท่าทีอ่อนหวานและพร้อมให้การช่วยเหลือ โดยเฉพาะต่อคนแปลกหน้า พระองค๋ทรงกระฉับกระเฉงและปราดเปรียว }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... 8wr7bn9d58o45zlpqipixczdid9kakh 189291 189290 2022-08-13T11:49:41Z Venise12mai1834 8884 /* 5 */ wikitext text/x-wiki : [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/1|1]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/2|2]], [[ผู้ใช้:Venise12mai1834/ทดลองเขียน/3|3]] {{หน้าทดลองเขียน}} ==1== {{ตรคป |{{ก|The Preface to the Reader.|บ=font-size:140%}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==2== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|F}} ''{{พญ|or}} the better understanding of the following Relation, I think it not amiss to acquaint the Reader, That the first Solemn Embassy that the'' French ''King sent to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''was in the Year'' 1685'', by Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''who went in Quality of Ambassador Extraordinary, whereof there are two Relations publisht; One, of the Embassy done by the Ambassador himself; The other, of the Voyage done by Father'' Tachard, ''one of the six Jesuits that accompany'd Monsieur de'' Chaumont ''in that Voyage, by the French King's particular Command. Both are Translated into'' English, ''Illustrated with Sculptures, and Printed about two Years ago.'' |{{ขจ|เ}} พื่อให้เข้าใจเรื่องเล่าต่อไปนี้ได้ดีขึ้น ข้าคิดว่า คงไม่ผิดถ้าจะแจ้งผู้อ่านเสียก่อนว่า คณะทูตทางพิธีการชุดแรกที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส<ref>xxx</ref> ทรงส่งมายังพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศ<ref>xxx</ref> ของสยามนั้นมีขึ้นในปี 1685 นำโดยเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง<ref>xxx</ref> ผู้มาในฐานะเอกอัครราชทูตวิสามัญ ซึ่งในการนี้มีเรื่องเล่าสองฉบับได้รับการเผยแพร่แล้ว ฉบับหนึ่ง<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยคณะทูต ตัวเอกอัครราชทูตเป็นผู้เขียนเอง อีกฉบับ<ref>xxx</ref> ว่าด้วยการเดินทางของหลวงพ่อตาชาร์<ref>xxx</ref> หนึ่งในเยสุอิตหกคนที่ติดตามเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง มาในการเดินทางครั้งนั้นตามรับสั่งของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสโดยเฉพาะ ทั้งสองฉบับได้รับการแปลเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ มีภาพสลัก<ref>xxx</ref> ประกอบ และพิมพ์ขึ้นแล้วเมื่อราวสองปีก่อน |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==3== {{ตรคป |''The second Embassy was performed in the Year'' 1687'', when the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors that came into'' France ''the Year before with Monsieur'' de Chaumont, ''return'd back again into'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''by Messieurs'' de la Loubere ''and'' Ceberet, ''who carry'd over with them twelve'' French ''Jesuits, all Mathematicians, to teach the Christian Religion, and the Mathematical Sciences in the two Royal Cities of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''and'' {{พญ|Louvo}}, ''and a considerable Body of Officers and Soldiers that the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''The Relation of this second Voyage is publisht only in'' French ''about six Months ago, by the same Father'' Tachard, ''who went back into'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''with the'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''Ambassadors, and return'd from Thence into'' France ''with the Character of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s Envoy Extradorinary to the'' French ''King, and to the Pope. He arrived at'' Paris ''in'' November, 1688. ''and had an Audience of the'' French ''King: And in'' January, 1689. ''he came to'' Rome, and had his Audience of the Pope. In'' March ''following he was to have Embarqued the third time for'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''but what is become of him since, is not yet known.'' |คณะทูตชุดที่สองนั้นดำเนินการในปี 1687 คราวที่เอกอัครราชทูตสยามซึ่งมายังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมเมอซีเยอเดอ โชมง เมื่อหนึ่งปีก่อนหน้านั้น ต้องกลับคืนมาสยามอีกครั้ง ผู้ดำเนินการ คือ เมอซีเยอเดอ ลา ลูแบร์<ref>xxx</ref> และเซเบอแร<ref>xxx</ref> ซึ่งนำพาเยสุอิตสิบสองคน ทั้งหมดเป็นนักคณิตศาสตร์สำหรับสอนศาสนาคริสต์และคณิตศาสตร์ ณ นครหลวงสองแห่ง คือ สยาม และละโว้<ref>xxx</ref> มาพร้อมกับคณะเจ้าหน้าที่และทหารจำนวนมากที่พระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสทรงส่งมาให้พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยาม เรื่องเล่าเกี่ยวกับคณะทูตชุดที่สองนี้มีเผยแพร่แต่ในภาษาฝรั่งเศสเมื่อสักหกเดือนก่อน ผู้เผยแพร่ คือ หลวงพ่อตาชาร์ ที่กลับคืนมายังสยามพร้อมกับเอกอัครราชทูตสยาม แล้วจึงกลับจากที่นั่นไปยังฝรั่งเศสพร้อมสารที่คณะทูตวิสามัญในพระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามมีถึงพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศสและถึงพระสันตะปาปา<ref>xxx</ref> หลวงพ่อตาชาร์มาถึงปารีสในเดือนพฤศจิกายน 1688 และได้เข้าเฝ้าพระเจ้าแผ่นดินฝรั่งเศส แล้วในเดือนมกราคม 1689 จึงมายังโรมและได้เข้าเฝ้าพระสันตะปาปา ครั้นต่อมาในเดือนมีนาคม เขาจะต้องได้ลงเรือมาสยามเป็นหนที่สามแล้ว แต่ต่อนั้นไปเขาจะเป็นอย่างไรบ้างก็ยังไม่ทราบ }} ==4== {{ตรคป |''In all these three Relations there is mention made of a young Princess, Daughter to the late King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', that was then alive, whereof there is no Notice taken in the following Account of the late Revolution; but in other Letters that are come into'' France ''from other hands, we find a no less Tragical Account of her Death, than that of her Unkles, and adopted Brother, the manner whereof they say was this:'' Opra Pitrachard ''having dispatched the King's two Brothers, and adopted Son, who were the only Princes that stood in his way to the Crown, caused the young Princess, the King's only Daughter, to be taken and thrust into a large velvet Sack, and her Brains to be knockt out with great Bars of the sweet and so much effeem'd Wood in all the'' Indies ''call'd'' Aquila ''and'' Calamboar; ''and then thrown into the River, it being accounted a prophane thing, and a violation of the Sacred Respect due to a Princess of the Royal Blood of'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''to be put to Death in the usual manner that others are; and therefore they did it with great Deference and distinguishing Ceremonies becoming her Quality, not suffering her Royal Person to be polluted with the touch of any vulgar Hand, or Instrument of Mortality.'' |ในเรื่องเล่าทั้งสามฉบับนี้ มีกล่าวถึงเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย<ref>xxx</ref> พระธิดาของพระเจ้าแผ่นดินในพระโกศของสยาม ซึ่งยามนั้นยังมีพระชนม์อยู่ แต่ในบันทึกต่อไปนี้ซึ่งว่าด้วยการปฏิวัติครั้งล่าสุดนั้นไม่มีระบุถึงพระนางเลย ทว่า ในจดหมายอื่น ๆ ซึ่งได้มาถึงฝรั่งเศสจากแหล่งอื่นนั้น เราพบบันทึกเกี่ยวกับการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระนางซึ่งเป็นไปอย่างชวนสลดไม่น้อยกว่าการสิ้นพระชนม์ของพระปิตุลา<ref name = ":1">xxx</ref> และอนุชาบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2">xxx</ref> ของพระนางเลย อาการที่สิ้นพระชนม์นั้นเขาว่าไว้ดังนี้ ออกพระเพทราชา<ref>xxx</ref> เมื่อกำจัดพระอนุชาทั้งสอง<ref name = ":1"/> และโอรสบุญธรรม<ref name = ":2"/> ของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ซึ่งเป็นเจ้าชายกลุ่มเดียวที่ขวางทางตนในการขึ้นสู่ราชสมบัติแล้ว ก็ให้นำเจ้าหญิงพระองค์น้อย ผู้เป็นพระธิดาพระองค์เดียวของพระเจ้าแผ่นดิน ไปยัดใส่ถุงกำมะหยี่ใบโต และทุบพระมัตถลุงค์<ref>xxx</ref> ของพระนางด้วยกระบองขนาดใหญ่ทำจากไม้อันหอมหวนและเป็นที่บูชายิ่งนักในแดนอินเดียทั้งปวง เรียกว่า ไม้กฤษณา และไม้จันทน์ แล้วจึงโยนลงในแม่น้ำ มีบันทึกไว้ว่า หากประหารด้วยอาการธรรมดาดุจผู้อื่นนั้น จะเป็นการดูหมิ่นและฝ่าฝืนความเคารพสักการะอันสมควรแก่เจ้าหญิงเชื้อพระโลหิตแห่งสยาม และฉะนั้น เขาจึงกระทำการนั้นด้วยความนอบน้อมยิ่งและด้วยพิธีอันมีลักษณะเฉพาะซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อสถานะของพระนาง โดยไม่รบกวนให้พระวรกายของพระนางต้องแปดเปื้อนด้วยการสัมผัสจากมือไพร่ใด ๆ หรือจากอุปกรณ์การพิฆาต<ref>xxx</ref> }} ==5== {{ตรคป |''The King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''that died lately was about 59 years of Age; the Character that is given of him in all the printed Relations of the'' French ''is very advantageous: They say he was, without Contradiction, the greatest Prince that ever Reign'd in'' {{พญ|Siam}}. ''He was of stature somewhat under the middle size, but strait and well shap'd. He had an engaging Air, a sweet and obliging Carriage, especially to Strangers. He was active and brisk, an Enemy of Idleness and Laziness, which seems to be so natural to the'' Eastern ''Princes, and is accounted by them as the Noblest Prerogative of their Crown. This Prince, on the contrary, was always either in the Woods a hunting of Elephants, or in his Palace minding the Affairs of his Kingdom. He was no Lover of War, because it ruin'd his People, whom he tenderly lov'd; but when his Subjects rebell'd, or his neighbouring Princes offer'd him the least Affront, or violated that Respect that was due to him, there was no King in all the'' East ''that took a more conspicuous Revenge, nor appeared more passionate for Glory. He was desirous of knowing every thing, and having a pregnant and piercing Wit, he easily became Master of what he had a mind to learn. He was magnificent, generous, and as true a Friend as could be desired. These were the Illustrious Qualities which acquired him the Respect of his Neighbours, the Fear of his Enemies, the Esteem and Love of his Subjects, that was nothing short of Adoration. He was never addicted to those Vices which so commonly reign amongst the Princes of the'' East; ''nay, he did often severely punish the most considerable Mandarins, and principal Officers of the Crown, for being too much given to their Pleasures: So that the most unconquerable Obstacle to the Conversion of those Indian and Idolatrous Princes, was not to be found in him, namely, the immoderate Love of Women.'' |พระเจ้าแผ่นดินสยามที่เพิ่งสวรรคตนั้นมีพระชนม์สัก 59 ปีได้ ลักษณะของพระองค์ ตามที่มีบรรยายไว้ในเรื่องราวของชาวฝรั่งเศสทุกฉบับซึ่งได้รับการพิมพ์แล้วนั้น เป็นไปในทางดียิ่ง เขากล่าวไว้ต้องตรงกันว่า พระองค์ทรงเป็นเจ้าชายที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดที่เคยเสวยราชย์มาในสยาม สัดส่วนของพระองค์นั้นเล็กกว่าขนาดกลางอยู่บ้าง แต่ลำตัวตรง<ref>xxx</ref> และรูปร่างดี พระองค์ทรงมีอากัปกิริยาน่าต้องตาต้องใจ ทรงมีท่าทีอ่อนหวานและพร้อมให้การช่วยเหลือ โดยเฉพาะต่อคนแปลกหน้า<ref>xxx</ref> พระองค๋ทรงกระฉับกระเฉงและปราดเปรียว ซึ่งดูจะเป็นลักษณะตามธรรมชาติโดยแท้สำหรับเจ้าชายชาวตะวันออกทั้งหลาย }} ==6== {{ตรคป |''By the sharpness of his Wit he had discovered the Erroneousness of the Religion of his Ancestors. And he did not believe an Annihilated God, according to the popular Opinion; or as some of theis Doctors say, A God, who weary of governing the Heavens, plunges himself in Repose, and for ever buries himself in the forgetfulness of what passes in the world; Nor a Thousand other Superstitions preached by the'' Talopins'', who are the Preachers and Priests of the Kingdom. On the contrary, He believ'd that God is Eternal; that his Providence continually governs the World, and disposes of all things. To the same Immortal God he often made his Prayers, and implored his Divine Assistance with most profound Reverence at least twice a day, for two hours time, in the Morning after he was up, and at Night before he went to rest. Of the truth of this, there is a most Illustrious Monument in that Never-enough to be admired Speech of his to Monsieur'' Constance, ''in Answer to the'' French ''Ambassador's Memorial, when he press'd him much to declare himself a Christian; which, because of its singular worth, I think it not amiss to insert it here, as Father'' Tachard ''has deliver'd it to us in the'' 5th Book ''of his first Voyage to'' {{พญ|Siam}}, ''pag.'' 309. ''of the'' Paris ''Edition, in'' Quarto, ''which runs thus in'' English: | }} ==7== {{ตรคป |{{ขจ|I}} N Answer to the ''French'' Ambassador, you shall tell him from me, That I think my Self extremely obliged to the King of ''France'' his Master, finding in his Memorial the marks of his most Christian Majesties Royal Friendship; And since the Honour that great Prince hath done me, is already made Publick all over the ''East'', I cannot sufficiently acknowledge his Civility: But that I am extremely troubled that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should propose so difficult a thing unto me, wherewith I am not in the least acquainted; that I refer my Self to the Wisdom of the most Christian King, that he himself may judge of the Importance and Difficulty that occur in so nice a matter, as the Change of a Religion receiv'd and follow'd throughout my whole Kingdom, without Interruption, during the space of Two thousand two hundred and twenty nine years. | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==8== {{ตรคป |Besides, it is a matter of Astonishment to me, that the King of ''France'', my good Friend, should so much concern himself in an Affair that relates to God, wherein it would seem God do's not at all interest himself, but leaves it wholly to our discretion; For could not the true God, that created the Heavens and the Earth, and all things that are therein, and hath given them so different Natures and Inclinations, when he gave to Men like Bodies and Souls, if he had pleased, have also inspired into them the same Sentiments for that Religion they ought to follow, and for that Worship which was most acceptable to him, and make all Nations live and die in the same Laws? | }} ==9== {{ตรคป |That Order amongst Men, and that Unity in Religion depending absolutely on Divine Providence, who could as easily introduce it into the World, as the diversity of Sects that in all times have been establisht in it; ought not one to think, that the true God takes as great pleasure to be honoured by different Worships and Ceremonies, as to be glorify'd by a prodigious number of Creatures, that praise him every one in their own way? Would that Beauty and Variety which we admire in the Order of Nature, be less admirable in the supernatural Order, or less beseeming the Wisdom of God? | }} ==10== {{ตรคป |However it be, ''continued he'', since we know that God is the absolute Master of the World, and that we are persuaded that nothing comes to pass contrary to his Will, I wholly resign my Person and Dominions into the Arms of the Divine Mercy and Providence, and with all my Heart beseech his Eternal Wisdom to dispose thereof according to his good Will and Pleasure. | }} ==11== {{ตรคป |''But after all this Character and Account of his Person and Humour, I cannot learn what his Name was, unless by the Inscription of the Letters he sent to the Pope, and to the'' French ''King in the Year 1688, mentioned in the second Voyage of Father'' Tachard: ''In his Letter to the'' French ''King he writes himself thus: | }} ==12== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Crung Thep<br>Pramha Ana Con Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==13== {{ตรคป |{{ก|''To the Pope thus:''}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==14== {{ตรคป |{{ก|{{พญ|Som Det Pratchao Sia Jov Thia Pujai.}}}} | |ไม่ย่อหน้า= }} ==15== {{ตรคป |''He never signs his Name in nay Letters he writes; the Metal on which his Letters are writ, and which none else in his Kingdom is allow'd to use but himself, is accounted an authentick and unquestionable Proof that the Letters are the Kings. He writes on a Plate of Gold only when he sends Letters to great Kings; and when he writes to inferior and private Persons, it is commonly on Paper, to which his Seal is annex'd, which is of different bigness, according to the quality of the Person to whom he writes.'' | }} ==16== {{ตรคป |''And as for Monsieur ''Constance'', besides what is said of him in the following Discourse, I will add some few things taken of other Authors, that are entertaining enough, and deserve to be inserted here.'' | }} ==17== {{ตรคป |''Whilst he was in'' England, ''and a good while after he bad been setled in'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', he was a good Protestant, but when he fell into the Jesuits bands, they soon perverted him, and made him embrace the'' Roman Catholick Religion, ''and espouse the'' French Interest'', to that degree of Zeal that proved to Fatal to him at last. He lived some Years in the Family and Service of one Mr.'' White'', a considerable'' East-India ''Merchant at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who is now in'' London'', and continued his Factor when he left'' {{พญ|Siam}}; ''by which means he gather'd some many, and then set up for himself: The first step he made, was to buy a Ship, and to pat to Sea, but bed the misfortune to be beat back by bad Weather, and was twice cast away in the Mouth of the River of'' {{พญ|Siam}}. | }} ==18== {{ตรคป |''Putting to Sea once more, he was shipwrackt the third time, and much more unfortunately, upon the Coast of'' Malabar; ''there he was in danger of perishing, and could not save, of all he had, above Two thousand Crowns. In this sad Condition, being opprest with grief, weariness and sleep, a remarkable thing hapned to him: He had laid himself down upon the shore when, whether was asleep, or awake, he could not tell himself, he fancied he saw a person full of Majesty, who looking upon him with a smiling Countenance, most obligingly said to him,'' Return, Return, from whence you came. ''Which words so wrought upon him, as he did often protest to several of his Acquaintance since, That it was impossible for him to sleep all the rest of the Night, his Thoughts being wholly taken up about finding a way. how to return to'' {{พญ|Siam}}''. | }} ==19== {{ตรคป |''Next Day, whilst he walked by the Sea-side, reflecting on what he had seen in the Night-time, and uncertain what to think of it, he saw a Man coming towards him dropping wet, with a sad and dejected Countenance: It was an Ambassador of the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, upon his Return from Persia, had been Cast away, without saving any thing but his Life; both of them Speaking the'' Siamese ''Tongue, they became soon acquainted with one anothers Adventures. The Ambassador discover'd himself, and told what extreme Necessity he was reduced to. Monsieur'' Constance ''condoling his Misfortune, offered to carry him back to'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and with the 2000 Crowns that he had saved, he bought a small Barque, Cloaths and Provision for their passage. This so obliging Behaviour charmed the Ambassador of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', who, from that time forward, endeavour'd all he could how he might testifie his Gratitude to him. When they arrived at'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', and the Ambassador had given an Account of his Negotiation and Shipwrack to the chief Minister, he told him all the good Offices which he had receiv'd from Monsieur'' Constance'', with so great Applause to his Merit, that the Minister had a mind to know him. He entertain'd him in Discourse, and liked him so well, that he resolved to keep him about him, in which Post he soon gain'd the Esteem and Confidence of his Master. This chief Minister was a Man of Wit, and well versed in Business; but he avoided Trouble as much as he could, and loved his pleasure. It was matter of exceeding Joy to him, to have found an able, faithful, and industrious Person, on whom he might repose the Cares of his place. The Barcalon dying not long after the King, would needs put Monsieur'' Constance ''in his place, but he declin'd it, and told his Majesty,'' That that Post would create to him the Envy of all the great Men, and therefore besought him not to raise him higher than he was, for that was the utmost Boundary of his Ambition, accounting himself happy enough, in that he stood fair in his Favours. | }} ==20== {{ตรคป |''His Modesty, his Skill and Diligence in dispatching Affairs, his Fidelity in managing the publick Revenue, and his Disinterestedness in ref using bosh the Appointments of his Office, and all Presents from private People, did more and more increase the King's Confidence in him.'' | }} ==21== {{ตรคป |''He was very Civil to the'' English ''on all Occasions, and did them all the friendly Offices that lay in his power. He was very desirous of setting a Trade betwixt that Nation and them, but it was obstructed.'' | }} ==22== {{ตรคป |''About two Years ago he sent a very considerable Present to King'' James II. ''of all the Rarities and valuable Things that the'' East-Indies ''do produce, estimated to be worth about Six thousand pounds.'' | }} ==23== {{ตรคป |''Now that I am talking of Presents, nothing could be more Magnificent, than those that the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''sent to the'' French ''King in the Year'' 1685'', valued at above Sixty thousand pounds: And, in Requital, the'' French ''King sent to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}} ''of the Manufacture of'' France'', in Rich Brocards, Looking-Glasses, Watches, Cloaks, and other valuable Things, to the value of above'' 300000 ''Crowns; yet nothing was lookt on as a greater Compliment to the King of'' {{พญ|Siam}}'', than a very fine Caparason of Velvet all richly Embroydered with Silver, Gold, and Pearls, all the Buckles and Rings whereof were of Massy Gold that was sent for the White Elephant, the'' Palladiam'', or Tutelar Deity of that Country.'' | }} ==24== {{รกออ}} ==25== * ... sqais6mqu70pwa3z77o2oc6vx6klitf 250 57669 189269 2022-08-13T05:43:09Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมาย +จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๓|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|วล|๓}}ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๔}}ระยะเวลาการเก็บรักษาข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๕}}สิทธิและวิธีการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งเงื่อนไขเกี่ยวกับบุคคลที่มีสิทธิเข้าถึงข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลและเงื่อนไขในการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลนั้น {{กม|วล|๖}}การใช้หรือเปิดเผยตามมาตรา ๒๗ วรรคสาม {{กม|วล|๗}}การปฏิเสธคำขอหรือการคัดค้านตามมาตรา ๓๐ วรรคสาม มาตรา ๓๑ วรรคสาม มาตรา ๓๒ วรรคสาม และมาตรา ๓๖ วรรคหนึ่ง {{กม|วล|๘}}คำอธิบายเกี่ยวกับมาตรการรักษาความมั่นคงปลอดภัยตามมาตรา ๓๗ (๑) ในวรรคหนึ่งให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับตัวแทนของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๕ วรรคสอง โดยอนุโลม ความใน (๑) (๒) (๓) (๔) (๕) (๖) และ (๘) อาจยกเว้นมิให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับผู้ควบคุม ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นกิจการขนาดเล็กตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด เว้นแต่ มีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีความเสี่ยงที่จะมีผลกระทบต่อสิทธิและเสรีภาพ ของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล หรือมิใช่กิจการที่เก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็น ครั้งคราว หรือมีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ {{กม|ม1|๔๐}}ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ดำเนินการเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามคำสั่งที่ได้รับ จากผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเท่านั้น เว้นแต่คำสั่งนั้นขัดต่อกฎหมายหรือบทบัญญัติในการคุ้มครอง ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๒}}จัดให้มีมาตรการรักษาความมั่นคงปลอดภัยที่เหมาะสม เพื่อป้องกันการสูญหาย เข้าถึง ใช้ เปลี่ยนแปลง แก้ไข หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลโดยปราศจากอำนาจหรือโดยมิชอบ รวมทั้ง แจ้งให้ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลทราบถึงเหตุการละเมิดข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่เกิดขึ้น {{กม|วล|๓}}จัดทำและเก็บรักษาบันทึกรายการของกิจกรรมการประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลไว้ ตามหลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งไม่ปฏิบัติตาม (๑) สำหรับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผย ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลใด ให้ถือว่าผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลสำหรับ การเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลนั้น {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 4p6ad6yy9corpjp80v8t72wwjm9jcp3 189277 189269 2022-08-13T10:01:38Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๓|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|วล|๓}}ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๔}}ระยะเวลาการเก็บรักษาข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๕}}สิทธิและวิธีการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งเงื่อนไขเกี่ยวกับบุคคลที่มีสิทธิเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและเงื่อนไขในการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลนั้น {{กม|วล|๖}}การใช้หรือเปิดเผยตามมาตรา ๒๗ วรรคสาม {{กม|วล|๗}}การปฏิเสธคำขอหรือการคัดค้านตามมาตรา ๓๐ วรรคสาม มาตรา ๓๑ วรรคสาม มาตรา ๓๒ วรรคสาม และมาตรา ๓๖ วรรคหนึ่ง {{กม|วล|๘}}คำอธิบายเกี่ยวกับมาตรการรักษาความมั่นคงปลอดภัยตามมาตรา ๓๗ (๑) ในวรรคหนึ่งให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับตัวแทนของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๕ วรรคสอง โดยอนุโลม ความใน (๑) (๒) (๓) (๔) (๕) (๖) และ (๘) อาจยกเว้นมิให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นกิจการขนาดเล็กตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด เว้นแต่มีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีความเสี่ยงที่จะมีผลกระทบต่อสิทธิและเสรีภาพของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล หรือมิใช่กิจการที่เก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นครั้งคราว หรือมีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ {{กม|ม1|๔๐}}ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ดำเนินการเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามคำสั่งที่ได้รับจากผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเท่านั้น เว้นแต่คำสั่งนั้นขัดต่อกฎหมายหรือบทบัญญัติในการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๒}}จัดให้มีมาตรการรักษาความมั่นคงปลอดภัยที่เหมาะสม เพื่อป้องกันการสูญหาย เข้าถึง ใช้ เปลี่ยนแปลง แก้ไข หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลโดยปราศจากอำนาจหรือโดยมิชอบ รวมทั้งแจ้งให้ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลทราบถึงเหตุการละเมิดข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่เกิดขึ้น {{กม|วล|๓}}จัดทำและเก็บรักษาบันทึกรายการของกิจกรรมการประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลไว้ตามหลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งไม่ปฏิบัติตาม (๑) สำหรับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลใด ให้ถือว่าผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลสำหรับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลนั้น {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> b4eqfvkr7mz0yjnybf12yadjgi2ct1t 250 57670 189270 2022-08-13T05:45:58Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมาย +จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๔|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>การดำเนินงานตามหน้าที่ของผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามที่ได้รับมอบหมายจากผู้ควบคุม ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามวรรคหนึ่ง ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องจัดให้มีข้อตกลงระหว่างกัน เพื่อควบคุม การดำเนินงานตามหน้าที่ของผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ ความใน (๓) อาจยกเว้นมิให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นกิจการ ขนาดเล็กตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด เว้นแต่มีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผย ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีความเสี่ยงที่จะมีผลกระทบต่อสิทธิและเสรีภาพของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล หรือ มิใช่กิจการที่เก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นครั้งคราว หรือมีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ {{กม|ม1|๔๑}}ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องจัดให้มี เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของตน ในกรณีดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตามที่ คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด {{กม|วล|๒}}การดำเนินกิจกรรมของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ในการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผย จำเป็นต้องตรวจสอบข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือระบบอย่างสม่ำเสมอ โดยเหตุที่มีข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นจำนวนมากตามที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด {{กม|วล|๓}}กิจกรรมหลักของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็น การเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ ในกรณีที่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอยู่ในเครือกิจการ หรือเครือธุรกิจเดียวกันเพื่อการประกอบกิจการหรือธุรกิจร่วมกันตามที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด ตามมาตรา ๒๙ วรรคสอง ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลดังกล่าว อาจจัดให้มีเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลร่วมกันได้ ทั้งนี้ สถานที่ทำการแต่ละแห่งของผู้ควบคุม ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่อยู่ในเครือกิจการหรือเครือธุรกิจเดียวกันดังกล่าว ต้องสามารถติดต่อกับเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลได้โดยง่าย ความในวรรคสองให้นำมาใช้บังคับแก่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตาม (๑) ซึ่งมีขนาดใหญ่หรือมีสถานที่ทำการหลายแห่งโดยอนุโลม ในกรณีที่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามวรรคหนึ่งต้องแต่งตั้ง ตัวแทนตามมาตรา ๓๗ (๕) ให้นำความในวรรคหนึ่งมาใช้บังคับแก่ตัวแทนโดยอนุโลม {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 8n7qdoccujg5wol5shoie1fi0id44qj 189278 189270 2022-08-13T10:02:41Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๔|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>การดำเนินงานตามหน้าที่ของผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามที่ได้รับมอบหมายจากผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามวรรคหนึ่ง ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องจัดให้มีข้อตกลงระหว่างกัน เพื่อควบคุมการดำเนินงานตามหน้าที่ของผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ ความใน (๓) อาจยกเว้นมิให้นำมาใช้บังคับกับผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นกิจการขนาดเล็กตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด เว้นแต่มีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีความเสี่ยงที่จะมีผลกระทบต่อสิทธิและเสรีภาพของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล หรือมิใช่กิจการที่เก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นครั้งคราว หรือมีการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ {{กม|ม1|๔๑}}ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องจัดให้มีเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของตน ในกรณีดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตามที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด {{กม|วล|๒}}การดำเนินกิจกรรมของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลในการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผย จำเป็นต้องตรวจสอบข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือระบบอย่างสม่ำเสมอ โดยเหตุที่มีข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นจำนวนมากตามที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนด {{กม|วล|๓}}กิจกรรมหลักของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเป็นการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๖ ในกรณีที่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอยู่ในเครือกิจการหรือเครือธุรกิจเดียวกันเพื่อการประกอบกิจการหรือธุรกิจร่วมกันตามที่คณะกรรมการประกาศกำหนดตามมาตรา ๒๙ วรรคสอง ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลดังกล่าวอาจจัดให้มีเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลร่วมกันได้ ทั้งนี้ สถานที่ทำการแต่ละแห่งของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่อยู่ในเครือกิจการหรือเครือธุรกิจเดียวกันดังกล่าว ต้องสามารถติดต่อกับเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลได้โดยง่าย ความในวรรคสองให้นำมาใช้บังคับแก่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลซึ่งเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตาม (๑) ซึ่งมีขนาดใหญ่หรือมีสถานที่ทำการหลายแห่งโดยอนุโลม ในกรณีที่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามวรรคหนึ่งต้องแต่งตั้งตัวแทนตามมาตรา ๓๗ (๕) ให้นำความในวรรคหนึ่งมาใช้บังคับแก่ตัวแทนโดยอนุโลม {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> prza2giqxfduyqzleai80q14wj22smi 250 57671 189271 2022-08-13T05:47:28Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ +จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมาย +จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๕|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ต้องแจ้งข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับ เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล สถานที่ติดต่อ และวิธีการติดต่อให้เจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลแล ะ สำนักงานทราบ ทั้งนี้ เจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลสามารถติดต่อเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับ การเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและการใช้สิทธิของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ได้ คณะกรรมการอาจประกาศกำหนดคุณสมบัติของเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลได้ โดยคำนึงถึงความรู้หรือความเชี่ยวชาญเกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจเป็นพนักงานของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือ ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือเป็นผู้รับจ้างให้บริการตามสัญญากับผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือ ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลก็ได้ {{กม|ม1|๔๒}}เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ให้คำแนะนำแก่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้ง ลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติ ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๒}}ตรวจสอบการดำเนินงานของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับ การเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเพื่อให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๓}}ประสานงานและให้ความร่วมมือกับสำนักงานในกรณีที่มีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลในการปฏิบัติ ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๔}}รักษาความลับของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่ตนล่วงรู้หรือได้มาเนื่องจากการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องสนับสนุนการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ ของเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลโดยจัดหาเครื่องมือหรืออุปกรณ์อย่างเพียงพอ รวมทั้งอำนวย ความสะดวกในการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเพื่อการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 7zmjnpt0iqu1m2cdf03sz911vjx5i0w 189279 189271 2022-08-13T10:03:52Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๕|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ต้องแจ้งข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล สถานที่ติดต่อ และวิธีการติดต่อให้เจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและสำนักงานทราบ ทั้งนี้ เจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลสามารถติดต่อเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและการใช้สิทธิของเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ได้ คณะกรรมการอาจประกาศกำหนดคุณสมบัติของเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลได้ โดยคำนึงถึงความรู้หรือความเชี่ยวชาญเกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจเป็นพนักงานของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือเป็นผู้รับจ้างให้บริการตามสัญญากับผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลก็ได้ {{กม|ม1|๔๒}}เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีหน้าที่ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{กม|วล|๑}}ให้คำแนะนำแก่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๒}}ตรวจสอบการดำเนินงานของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเพื่อให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๓}}ประสานงานและให้ความร่วมมือกับสำนักงานในกรณีที่มีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับการเก็บรวบรวม ใช้ หรือเปิดเผยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งลูกจ้างหรือผู้รับจ้างของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลในการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๔}}รักษาความลับของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่ตนล่วงรู้หรือได้มาเนื่องจากการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องสนับสนุนการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ของเจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลโดยจัดหาเครื่องมือหรืออุปกรณ์อย่างเพียงพอ รวมทั้งอำนวยความสะดวกในการเข้าถึงข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลเพื่อการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> ru4bawwn3kl6asyslr0ojp3h1bu6xym 250 57672 189272 2022-08-13T05:50:54Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๖|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude><section begin="25-1" />ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลจะให้เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลออกจากงานหรือเลิกสัญญาการจ้างด้วยเหตุที่เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลปฏิบัติหน้าที่ ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ไม่ได้ ทั้งนี้ ในกรณีที่มีปัญหาในการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลต้องสามารถรายงานไปยังผู้บริหารสูงสุดของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลโดยตรงได้ เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจปฏิบัติหน้าที่หรือภารกิจอื่นได้ แต่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องรับรองกับสำนักงานว่าหน้าที่หรือภารกิจดังกล่าว ต้องไม่ขัดหรือแย้งต่อการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ <section end="25-1" /> <section begin="25-2" />{{กม|หม1|๔|สำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล}} {| |- | |- |} {{สต|7em}} {| |- | |- |} {{กม|ม1|๔๓}}ให้มีสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีวัตถุประสงค์เกี่ยวกับ การคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนให้เกิดการพัฒนาด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลของประเทศ สำนักงานเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐมีฐานะเป็นนิติบุคคล และไม่เป็นส่วนราชการตามกฎหมาย ว่าด้วยระเบียบบริหารราชการแผ่นดิน หรือรัฐวิสาหกิจตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยวิธีการงบประมาณหรือ กฎหมายอื่น กิจการของสำนักงานไม่อยู่ภายใต้บังคับแห่งกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองแรงงาน กฎหมาย ว่าด้วยแรงงานสัมพันธ์ กฎหมายว่าด้วยแรงงานรัฐวิสาหกิจสัมพันธ์ กฎหมายว่าด้วยการประกันสังคม และกฎหมายว่าด้วยเงินทดแทน แต่พนักงานและลูกจ้างของสำนักงานต้องได้รับประโยชน์ตอบแทน ไม่น้อยกว่าที่กำหนดไว้ในกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองแรงงาน กฎหมายว่าด้วยการประกันสังคม และ กฎหมายว่าด้วยเงินทดแทน ให้สำนักงานเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยความรับผิดทางละเมิดของเจ้าหน้าที่ {{กม|ม1|๔๔}}นอกจากหน้าที่และอำนาจในการดำเนินการให้เป็นไปตามวัตถุประสงค์ตามมาตรา ๔๓ วรรคหนึ่ง ให้สำนักงานมีหน้าที่ปฏิบัติงานวิชาการและงานธุรการให้แก่คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการผู้เชี่ยวชาญ และ คณะอนุกรรมการ รวมทั้งให้มีหน้าที่และอำนาจ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{มปก}}<section end="25-2" /><noinclude></noinclude> bwsjsg2njucxg1f3fatlt571pkkkwqa 189280 189272 2022-08-13T10:06:06Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๖|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude><section begin="25-1" />ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลจะให้เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลออกจากงานหรือเลิกสัญญาการจ้างด้วยเหตุที่เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลปฏิบัติหน้าที่ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ไม่ได้ ทั้งนี้ ในกรณีที่มีปัญหาในการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องสามารถรายงานไปยังผู้บริหารสูงสุดของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลโดยตรงได้ เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจปฏิบัติหน้าที่หรือภารกิจอื่นได้ แต่ผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลหรือผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องรับรองกับสำนักงานว่าหน้าที่หรือภารกิจดังกล่าว ต้องไม่ขัดหรือแย้งต่อการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ <section end="25-1" /> <section begin="25-2" />{{กม|หม1|๔|สำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล}} {| |- | |- |} {{สต|7em}} {| |- | |- |} {{กม|ม1|๔๓}}ให้มีสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลมีวัตถุประสงค์เกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนให้เกิดการพัฒนาด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของประเทศ สำนักงานเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐมีฐานะเป็นนิติบุคคล และไม่เป็นส่วนราชการตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยระเบียบบริหารราชการแผ่นดิน หรือรัฐวิสาหกิจตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยวิธีการงบประมาณหรือกฎหมายอื่น กิจการของสำนักงานไม่อยู่ภายใต้บังคับแห่งกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองแรงงาน กฎหมายว่าด้วยแรงงานสัมพันธ์ กฎหมายว่าด้วยแรงงานรัฐวิสาหกิจสัมพันธ์ กฎหมายว่าด้วยการประกันสังคมและกฎหมายว่าด้วยเงินทดแทน แต่พนักงานและลูกจ้างของสำนักงานต้องได้รับประโยชน์ตอบแทนไม่น้อยกว่าที่กำหนดไว้ในกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองแรงงาน กฎหมายว่าด้วยการประกันสังคม และกฎหมายว่าด้วยเงินทดแทน ให้สำนักงานเป็นหน่วยงานของรัฐตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยความรับผิดทางละเมิดของเจ้าหน้าที่ {{กม|ม1|๔๔}}นอกจากหน้าที่และอำนาจในการดำเนินการให้เป็นไปตามวัตถุประสงค์ตามมาตรา ๔๓ วรรคหนึ่ง ให้สำนักงานมีหน้าที่ปฏิบัติงานวิชาการและงานธุรการให้แก่คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการผู้เชี่ยวชาญ และคณะอนุกรรมการ รวมทั้งให้มีหน้าที่และอำนาจ ดังต่อไปนี้ {{มปก}}<section end="25-2" /><noinclude></noinclude> d60a9fb0nq1peqv5us0llou334a1txh 250 57673 189273 2022-08-13T06:48:49Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๗|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|วล|๑}}จัดทำร่างแผนแม่บทการดำเนินงานด้านการส่งเสริม และการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ที่สอดคล้องกับนโยบาย ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ และแผนระดับชาติที่เกี่ยวข้อง รวมทั้งร่างแผนแม่บทและ มาตรการแก้ไขปัญหาอุปสรรคการปฏิบัติการตามนโยบาย ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ และแผนระดับชาติดังกล่าว เพื่อเสนอต่อคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๒}}ส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนการวิจัย เพื่อพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๓}}วิเคราะห์และรับรองความสอดคล้องและความถูกต้องตามมาตรฐานหรือตามมาตรการหรือ กลไกการกำกับดูแลที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งตรวจสอบและรับรองนโยบายใน การคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๙ {{กม|วล|๔}}สำรวจ เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล ติดตามความเคลื่อนไหวของสถานการณ์ด้านการคุ้มครอง ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล และแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งวิเคราะห์และ วิจัยประเด็นทางด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีผลต่อการพัฒนาประเทศเพื่อเสนอต่อคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๕}}ประสานงานกับส่วนราชการ รัฐวิสาหกิจ ราชการส่วนท้องถิ่น องค์การมหาชน หรือหน่วยงานอื่นของรัฐเกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๖}}ให้คำปรึกษาแก่หน่วยงานของรัฐและหน่วยงานของเอกชนเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติ ตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๗}}เป็นศูนย์กลางในการให้บริการทางวิชาการหรือให้บริการที่เกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลแก่หน่วยงานของรัฐ หน่วยงานของเอกชน และประชาชน รวมทั้งเผยแพร่และให้ความรู้ ความเข้าใจในเรื่องการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๘}}กำหนดหลักสูตรและฝึกอบรมการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ผู้ประมวลผล ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ลูกจ้าง ผู้รับจ้าง หรือประชาชนทั่วไป {{กม|วล|๙}}ทำความตกลงและร่วมมือกับองค์การหรือหน่วยงานทั้งในประเทศและต่างประเทศในกิจการ ที่เกี่ยวกับการดำเนินการตามหนาที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน เมื่อได้รับความเห็นชอบจากคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๑๐}}ติดตามและประเมินผลการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๑๑}}ปฏิบัติหน้าที่อื่นตามที่คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครอง ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการผู้เชี่ยวชาญ หรือคณะอนุกรรมการมอบหมาย หรือตามที่กฎหมายกำหนด {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 2akjt3hq8odu1k0j5zvnghflryvdyda 189281 189273 2022-08-13T10:07:06Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๗|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|วล|๑}}จัดทำร่างแผนแม่บทการดำเนินงานด้านการส่งเสริม และการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่สอดคล้องกับนโยบาย ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ และแผนระดับชาติที่เกี่ยวข้อง รวมทั้งร่างแผนแม่บทและมาตรการแก้ไขปัญหาอุปสรรคการปฏิบัติการตามนโยบาย ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ และแผนระดับชาติดังกล่าว เพื่อเสนอต่อคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๒}}ส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนการวิจัย เพื่อพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๓}}วิเคราะห์และรับรองความสอดคล้องและความถูกต้องตามมาตรฐานหรือตามมาตรการหรือกลไกการกำกับดูแลที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งตรวจสอบและรับรองนโยบายในการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลตามมาตรา ๒๙ {{กม|วล|๔}}สำรวจ เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล ติดตามความเคลื่อนไหวของสถานการณ์ด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล และแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล รวมทั้งวิเคราะห์และวิจัยประเด็นทางด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลที่มีผลต่อการพัฒนาประเทศเพื่อเสนอต่อคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๕}}ประสานงานกับส่วนราชการ รัฐวิสาหกิจ ราชการส่วนท้องถิ่น องค์การมหาชน หรือหน่วยงานอื่นของรัฐเกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๖}}ให้คำปรึกษาแก่หน่วยงานของรัฐและหน่วยงานของเอกชนเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๗}}เป็นศูนย์กลางในการให้บริการทางวิชาการหรือให้บริการที่เกี่ยวกับการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลแก่หน่วยงานของรัฐ หน่วยงานของเอกชน และประชาชน รวมทั้งเผยแพร่และให้ความรู้ความเข้าใจในเรื่องการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๘}}กำหนดหลักสูตรและฝึกอบรมการปฏิบัติหน้าที่ของผู้ควบคุมข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ผู้ประมวลผลข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล เจ้าหน้าที่คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ลูกจ้าง ผู้รับจ้าง หรือประชาชนทั่วไป {{กม|วล|๙}}ทำความตกลงและร่วมมือกับองค์การหรือหน่วยงานทั้งในประเทศและต่างประเทศในกิจการที่เกี่ยวกับการดำเนินการตามหนาที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน เมื่อได้รับความเห็นชอบจากคณะกรรมการ {{กม|วล|๑๐}}ติดตามและประเมินผลการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัตินี้ {{กม|วล|๑๑}}ปฏิบัติหน้าที่อื่นตามที่คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการผู้เชี่ยวชาญ หรือคณะอนุกรรมการมอบหมาย หรือตามที่กฎหมายกำหนด {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 9zwor9hpz1f2a5z628ne4px6ylny2sz 250 57674 189274 2022-08-13T06:53:12Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมาย +จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๘|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|ม1|๔๕}}ในการดำเนินงานของสำนักงาน นอกจากหน้าที่และอำนาจตามที่บัญญัติ ในมาตรา ๔๔ แล้ว ให้สำนักงานมีหน้าที่และอำนาจทั่วไป ดังต่อไปนี้ด้วย {{กม|วล|๑}}ถือกรรมสิทธิ์ มีสิทธิครอบครอง และมีทรัพยสิทธิต่าง ๆ {{กม|วล|๒}}ก่อตั้งสิทธิ หรือทำนิติกรรมทุกประเภทผูกพันทรัพย์สิน ตลอดจนทำนิติกรรมอื่นใด เพื่อประโยชน์ในการดำเนินกิจการของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๓}}จัดให้มีและให้ทุนเพื่อสนับสนุนการดำเนินกิจการของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๔}}เรียกเก็บค่าธรรมเนียม ค่าบำรุง ค่าตอบแทน หรือค่าบริการในการดำเนินงานต่าง ๆ ตามวัตถุประสงค์ของสำนักงาน ทั้งนี้ ตามหลักเกณฑ์และอัตราที่สำนักงานกำหนดโดยความเห็นชอบ ของคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๕}}ปฏิบัติการอื่นใดที่กฎหมายกำหนดให้เป็นหน้าที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน หรือตามที่ คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการ ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ หรือคณะอนุกรรมการมอบหมาย {{กม|ม1|๔๖}}ทุนและทรัพย์สินในการดำเนินงานของสำนักงานประกอบด้วย (๑) ทุนประเดิมที่รัฐบาลจัดสรรให้ตามมาตรา ๙๔ วรรคหนึ่ง {{กม|วล|๒}}เงินอุดหนุนทั่วไปที่รัฐบาลจัดสรรให้ตามความเหมาะสมเป็นรายปี {{กม|วล|๓}}เงินอุดหนุนจากหน่วยงานของรัฐทั้งในประเทศและต่างประเทศ หรือองค์การระหว่างประเทศ ระดับรัฐบาล {{กม|วล|๔}}ค่าธรรมเนียม ค่าบำรุง ค่าตอบแทน ค่าบริการ หรือรายได้อันเกิดจากการดำเนินการ ตามหน้าที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๕}}ดอกผลของเงินหรือรายได้จากทรัพย์สินของสำนักงาน เงินและทรัพย์สินของสำนักงานตามวรรคหนึ่ง ต้องนำส่งคลังเป็นรายได้แผ่นดิน {{กม|ม1|๔๗}}บรรดาอสังหาริมทรัพย์ที่สำนักงานได้มาจากการซื้อหรือแลกเปลี่ยนจากรายได้ ของสำนักงานตามมาตรา ๔๖ (๔) หรือ (๕) ให้เป็นกรรมสิทธิ์ของสำนักงาน {{กม|ม1|๔๘}}ให้มีคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ประกอบด้วยประธานกรรมการซึ่งสรรหาและแต่งตั้งจากผู้มีความรู้ ความเชี่ยวชาญ และประสบการณ์ ในด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ปลัดกระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคม และเลขาธิการ คณะกรรมการดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ เป็นกรรมการ และกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิจำนวน หกคนซึ่งสรรหาและแต่งตั้งจากผู้มีความรู้ ความเชี่ยวชาญ และประสบการณ์ในด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลอย่างน้อยสามคน และด้านอื่นที่เกี่ยวข้องอันเป็นประโยชน์ต่อการดำเนินงานของสำนักงาน {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> nek9cl2rh46gtxg8bozotip437jgdv0 189282 189274 2022-08-13T10:08:31Z Bebiezaza 6791 จัดรูปแบบวงเล็บในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๘|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|ม1|๔๕}}ในการดำเนินงานของสำนักงาน นอกจากหน้าที่และอำนาจตามที่บัญญัติในมาตรา ๔๔ แล้ว ให้สำนักงานมีหน้าที่และอำนาจทั่วไป ดังต่อไปนี้ด้วย {{กม|วล|๑}}ถือกรรมสิทธิ์ มีสิทธิครอบครอง และมีทรัพยสิทธิต่าง ๆ {{กม|วล|๒}}ก่อตั้งสิทธิ หรือทำนิติกรรมทุกประเภทผูกพันทรัพย์สิน ตลอดจนทำนิติกรรมอื่นใด เพื่อประโยชน์ในการดำเนินกิจการของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๓}}จัดให้มีและให้ทุนเพื่อสนับสนุนการดำเนินกิจการของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๔}}เรียกเก็บค่าธรรมเนียม ค่าบำรุง ค่าตอบแทน หรือค่าบริการในการดำเนินงานต่าง ๆ ตามวัตถุประสงค์ของสำนักงาน ทั้งนี้ ตามหลักเกณฑ์และอัตราที่สำนักงานกำหนดโดยความเห็นชอบของคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล {{กม|วล|๕}}ปฏิบัติการอื่นใดที่กฎหมายกำหนดให้เป็นหน้าที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน หรือตามที่คณะกรรมการ คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล คณะกรรมการ ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ หรือคณะอนุกรรมการมอบหมาย {{กม|ม1|๔๖}}ทุนและทรัพย์สินในการดำเนินงานของสำนักงานประกอบด้วย {{กม|วล|๑}}ทุนประเดิมที่รัฐบาลจัดสรรให้ตามมาตรา ๙๔ วรรคหนึ่ง {{กม|วล|๒}}เงินอุดหนุนทั่วไปที่รัฐบาลจัดสรรให้ตามความเหมาะสมเป็นรายปี {{กม|วล|๓}}เงินอุดหนุนจากหน่วยงานของรัฐทั้งในประเทศและต่างประเทศ หรือองค์การระหว่างประเทศระดับรัฐบาล {{กม|วล|๔}}ค่าธรรมเนียม ค่าบำรุง ค่าตอบแทน ค่าบริการ หรือรายได้อันเกิดจากการดำเนินการตามหน้าที่และอำนาจของสำนักงาน {{กม|วล|๕}}ดอกผลของเงินหรือรายได้จากทรัพย์สินของสำนักงาน เงินและทรัพย์สินของสำนักงานตามวรรคหนึ่ง ต้องนำส่งคลังเป็นรายได้แผ่นดิน {{กม|ม1|๔๗}}บรรดาอสังหาริมทรัพย์ที่สำนักงานได้มาจากการซื้อหรือแลกเปลี่ยนจากรายได้ของสำนักงานตามมาตรา ๔๖ (๔) หรือ (๕) ให้เป็นกรรมสิทธิ์ของสำนักงาน {{กม|ม1|๔๘}}ให้มีคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ประกอบด้วยประธานกรรมการซึ่งสรรหาและแต่งตั้งจากผู้มีความรู้ ความเชี่ยวชาญ และประสบการณ์ในด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ปลัดกระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคม และเลขาธิการคณะกรรมการดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ เป็นกรรมการ และกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิจำนวนหกคนซึ่งสรรหาและแต่งตั้งจากผู้มีความรู้ ความเชี่ยวชาญ และประสบการณ์ในด้านการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอย่างน้อยสามคน และด้านอื่นที่เกี่ยวข้องอันเป็นประโยชน์ต่อการดำเนินงานของสำนักงาน {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 2mnk8ipoz1bl4bagiphh5gnsvxu5rew 250 57675 189275 2022-08-13T09:59:01Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๙|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>ให้เลขาธิการเป็นกรรมการและเลขานุการ และให้เลขาธิการแต่งตั้งพนักงานของสำนักงาน เป็นผู้ช่วยเลขานุการได้ไม่เกินสองคน ให้นำความในมาตรา ๑๑ และมาตรา ๑๓ มาใช้บังคับกับประธานกรรมการและกรรมการ ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิโดยอนุโลม {{กม|ม1|๔๙}}ให้มีคณะกรรมการสรรหาคณะหนึ่งประกอบด้วยบุคคลซึ่งคณะกรรมการแต่งตั้ง จำนวนแปดคนทำหน้าที่คัดเลือกบุคคลที่สมควรได้รับการแต่งตั้งเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการ ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาเลือกกรรมการสรรหาคนหนึ่งเป็นประธานกรรมการสรรหาและ เลือกกรรมการสรรหาอีกคนหนึ่งเป็นเลขานุการคณะกรรมการสรรหา และให้สำนักงานปฏิบัติหน้าที่ เป็นหน่วยธุรการของคณะกรรมการสรรหา ในกรณีที่ตำแหน่งกรรมการสรรหาว่างลง ให้ดำเนินการเพื่อให้มีกรรมการสรรหาแทน ในตำแหน่งนั้นโดยเร็ว ในระหว่างที่ยังไม่ได้กรรมการสรรหาใหม่ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาประกอบด้วย กรรมการสรรหาเท่าที่มีอยู่ กรรมการสรรหาไม่มีสิทธิได้รับการเสนอชื่อเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ตามมาตรา ๔๘ หลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการสรรหาให้เป็นไปตามที่คณะกรรมการกำหนด ทั้งนี้ ต้องคำนึงถึง ความโปร่งใสและความเป็นธรรมในการสรรหา {{กม|ม1|๕๐}}ในการสรรหาประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาคัดเลือกบุคคลผู้มีคุณสมบัติตามมาตรา ๔๘ วรรคหนึ่ง รวมทั้งมีคุณสมบัติและ ไม่มีลักษณะต้องห้ามตามมาตรา ๔๘ วรรคสาม และยินยอมให้เสนอชื่อเข้ารับคัดเลือกเท่ากับจำนวน ประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ที่จะได้รับแต่งตั้ง เมื่อได้คัดเลือกบุคคลเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ครบจำนวนแล้ว ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาแจ้งรายชื่อประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ตามมาตรา ๔๘ พร้อมหลักฐานแสดงคุณสมบัติและการไม่มีลักษณะต้องห้าม รวมทั้งความยินยอม ของบุคคลดังกล่าวต่อคณะกรรมการเพื่อแต่งตั้งเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการประกาศรายชื่อประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ซึ่งได้รับแต่งตั้งในราชกิจจานุเบกษา {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> qg9wheltoxoil3nl0ihrabz3vx06loy 189283 189275 2022-08-13T10:09:35Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๗๙|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>ให้เลขาธิการเป็นกรรมการและเลขานุการ และให้เลขาธิการแต่งตั้งพนักงานของสำนักงานเป็นผู้ช่วยเลขานุการได้ไม่เกินสองคน ให้นำความในมาตรา ๑๑ และมาตรา ๑๓ มาใช้บังคับกับประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิโดยอนุโลม {{กม|ม1|๔๙}}ให้มีคณะกรรมการสรรหาคณะหนึ่งประกอบด้วยบุคคลซึ่งคณะกรรมการแต่งตั้งจำนวนแปดคนทำหน้าที่คัดเลือกบุคคลที่สมควรได้รับการแต่งตั้งเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาเลือกกรรมการสรรหาคนหนึ่งเป็นประธานกรรมการสรรหาและเลือกกรรมการสรรหาอีกคนหนึ่งเป็นเลขานุการคณะกรรมการสรรหา และให้สำนักงานปฏิบัติหน้าที่เป็นหน่วยธุรการของคณะกรรมการสรรหา ในกรณีที่ตำแหน่งกรรมการสรรหาว่างลง ให้ดำเนินการเพื่อให้มีกรรมการสรรหาแทนในตำแหน่งนั้นโดยเร็ว ในระหว่างที่ยังไม่ได้กรรมการสรรหาใหม่ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาประกอบด้วยกรรมการสรรหาเท่าที่มีอยู่ กรรมการสรรหาไม่มีสิทธิได้รับการเสนอชื่อเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ หลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการสรรหาให้เป็นไปตามที่คณะกรรมการกำหนด ทั้งนี้ ต้องคำนึงถึงความโปร่งใสและความเป็นธรรมในการสรรหา {{กม|ม1|๕๐}}ในการสรรหาประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาคัดเลือกบุคคลผู้มีคุณสมบัติตามมาตรา ๔๘ วรรคหนึ่ง รวมทั้งมีคุณสมบัติและไม่มีลักษณะต้องห้ามตามมาตรา ๔๘ วรรคสาม และยินยอมให้เสนอชื่อเข้ารับคัดเลือกเท่ากับจำนวนประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ที่จะได้รับแต่งตั้ง เมื่อได้คัดเลือกบุคคลเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ครบจำนวนแล้ว ให้คณะกรรมการสรรหาแจ้งรายชื่อประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ พร้อมหลักฐานแสดงคุณสมบัติและการไม่มีลักษณะต้องห้าม รวมทั้งความยินยอมของบุคคลดังกล่าวต่อคณะกรรมการเพื่อแต่งตั้งเป็นประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ให้คณะกรรมการประกาศรายชื่อประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ ซึ่งได้รับแต่งตั้งในราชกิจจานุเบกษา {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> diaoeix0ufij7bhltijj6i4jhv8gdep 250 57676 189276 2022-08-13T10:00:03Z Bebiezaza 6791 /* พิสูจน์อักษรแล้ว */ แทนที่ "  " → "" +จัดรูปแบบมาตราในเอกสารกฎหมายด้วย[[WS:iScript|สจห.]] proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๘๐|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|ม1|๕๑}}ประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ มีวาระ การดำรงตำแหน่งคราวละสี่ปี เมื่อครบกำหนดตามวาระในวรรคหนึ่ง ให้ดำเนินการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการและกรรมการ ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิขึ้นใหม่ภายในหกสิบวัน ในระหว่างที่ยังมิได้มีการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการ ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิขึ้นใหม่ ให้ประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งพ้นจากตำแหน่งตามวาระนั้น อยู่ในตำแหน่งเพื่อดำเนินงานต่อไปจนกว่าประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งได้รับแต่งตั้งใหม่ เข้ารับหน้าที่ ประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งพ้นจากตำแหน่งตามวาระอาจได้รับแต่งตั้งอีกได้ แต่จะดำรงตำแหน่งเกินสองวาระไม่ได้ {{กม|ม1|๕๒}}ในกรณีที่ประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ พ้นจาก ตำแหน่งก่อนวาระ ให้คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลประกอบด้วย กรรมการทั้งหมดเท่าที่มีอยู่จนกว่าจะมีการแต่งตงประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทน และ ในกรณีที่ประธานกรรมการพ้นจากตำแหน่งก่อนวาระ ให้ปลัดกระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคม ทำหน้าที่ประธานกรรมการเป็นการชั่วคราว ให้ดำเนินการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทนตำแหน่งที่ว่างภายใน หกสิบวันนับแต่วันที่ตำแหน่งว่างลง และให้ผู้ที่ได้รับแต่งตั้งให้ดำรงตำแหน่งแทนอยู่ในตำแหน่งเท่ากับ วาระที่เหลืออยู่ของผู้ซึ่งตนแทน เว้นแต่วาระของประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิเหลือไม่ถึง เก้าสิบวันจะไม่แต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทนก็ได้ {{กม|ม1|๕๓}}การประชุมคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคลต้องมีกรรมการมาประชุมไม่น้อยกว่ากึ่งหนึ่งของจำนวนกรรมการที่มีอยู่ จึงจะเป็นองค์ประชุม ให้ประธานกรรมการเป็นประธานในที่ประชุม ถ้าประธานกรรมการไม่มาประชุมหรือไม่อาจปฏิบัติหน้าที่ได้ ให้กรรมการซึ่งมาประชุมเลือกกรรมการคนหนึ่งเป็นประธานในที่ประชุม การวินิจฉัยชี้ขาดของที่ประชุมให้ถือเสียงข้างมาก กรรมการคนหนึ่งให้มีเสียงหนึ่งในการลงคะแนน ถ้าคะแนนเสียงเท่ากัน ให้ประธานในที่ประชุมออกเสียงเพิ่มขึ้นอีกเสียงหนึ่งเป็นเสียงชี้ขาด กรรมการที่มีส่วนได้เสียในเรื่องที่มีการพิจารณาจะเข้าร่วมประชุมมิได้ การประชุมของคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจกระทำโดยวิธีการทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ตามที่คณะกรรมการกำหนดก็ได้ {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> t81eq3t525izhd23vcgb0z4pwgie1qb 189284 189276 2022-08-13T10:11:19Z Bebiezaza 6791 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bebiezaza" />{{หรก|4|น=๘๐|ล=๑๓๖|ต=๖๙ ก|ว=๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๖๒}}</noinclude>{{กม|ม1|๕๑}}ประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ มีวาระการดำรงตำแหน่งคราวละสี่ปี เมื่อครบกำหนดตามวาระในวรรคหนึ่ง ให้ดำเนินการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิขึ้นใหม่ภายในหกสิบวัน ในระหว่างที่ยังมิได้มีการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิขึ้นใหม่ ให้ประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งพ้นจากตำแหน่งตามวาระนั้นอยู่ในตำแหน่งเพื่อดำเนินงานต่อไปจนกว่าประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งได้รับแต่งตั้งใหม่เข้ารับหน้าที่ ประธานกรรมการและกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิซึ่งพ้นจากตำแหน่งตามวาระอาจได้รับแต่งตั้งอีกได้ แต่จะดำรงตำแหน่งเกินสองวาระไม่ได้ {{กม|ม1|๕๒}}ในกรณีที่ประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิตามมาตรา ๔๘ พ้นจากตำแหน่งก่อนวาระ ให้คณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลประกอบด้วยกรรมการทั้งหมดเท่าที่มีอยู่จนกว่าจะมีการแต่งตงประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทน และในกรณีที่ประธานกรรมการพ้นจากตำแหน่งก่อนวาระ ให้ปลัดกระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคมทำหน้าที่ประธานกรรมการเป็นการชั่วคราว ให้ดำเนินการแต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทนตำแหน่งที่ว่างภายในหกสิบวันนับแต่วันที่ตำแหน่งว่างลง และให้ผู้ที่ได้รับแต่งตั้งให้ดำรงตำแหน่งแทนอยู่ในตำแหน่งเท่ากับวาระที่เหลืออยู่ของผู้ซึ่งตนแทน เว้นแต่วาระของประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิเหลือไม่ถึงเก้าสิบวันจะไม่แต่งตั้งประธานกรรมการหรือกรรมการผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิแทนก็ได้ {{กม|ม1|๕๓}}การประชุมคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลต้องมีกรรมการมาประชุมไม่น้อยกว่ากึ่งหนึ่งของจำนวนกรรมการที่มีอยู่ จึงจะเป็นองค์ประชุม ให้ประธานกรรมการเป็นประธานในที่ประชุม ถ้าประธานกรรมการไม่มาประชุมหรือไม่อาจปฏิบัติหน้าที่ได้ ให้กรรมการซึ่งมาประชุมเลือกกรรมการคนหนึ่งเป็นประธานในที่ประชุม การวินิจฉัยชี้ขาดของที่ประชุมให้ถือเสียงข้างมาก กรรมการคนหนึ่งให้มีเสียงหนึ่งในการลงคะแนน ถ้าคะแนนเสียงเท่ากัน ให้ประธานในที่ประชุมออกเสียงเพิ่มขึ้นอีกเสียงหนึ่งเป็นเสียงชี้ขาด กรรมการที่มีส่วนได้เสียในเรื่องที่มีการพิจารณาจะเข้าร่วมประชุมมิได้ การประชุมของคณะกรรมการกำกับสำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลอาจกระทำโดยวิธีการทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ตามที่คณะกรรมการกำหนดก็ได้ {{มปก}}<noinclude></noinclude> 6vsjkb4hm3qfhtfqab71sqqkbyejgfh