Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.23 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 0 6159 166123 152901 2022-08-15T08:35:43Z SIRTEE1 14849 Angyara kura kurai sosae wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kano''' ( [[Ajami]] : كانو) Ne babban birnin [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]], kuma shine gari mai [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|mafi yawan jama'a a 'Najeriya]] dake Arewa maso yamma na kasar. Garin ya kasance babban mazaunin yan Adam ne shekaru dubbai. Ita ce birni na biyu mafi yawan jama'a Tana da yawan jama'a a cikin iyakokin Birni, tare da samada 'yan kasa miliyan hudu a cikin 5,700km. Yankin gargajiya ne na tsohuwar daular Dabo mai karni biyu wadanda tun a ƙarni na (19) suka kasance sarakunan gargajiya na cikin gari har zuwa yankin kano lokacin da garin ya mamaye daular Biritaniya wato kasar ingila. [[Majalisar Masarautar Kano]] itace cibiyar masarautar yanzu a cikin iyakokin biranen Kano, kuma Ƙarƙashin ikon [[Gwamnatin Jihar Kano]] . Garin yana ƙarƙashin kudu da [[Sahara]], kuma yana daya daga cikin [[Hausa Bakwai|masarautu bakwai]] na zamani a cikin kasar hausa kuma manyan mazauna garin sune [[hausawa]] .Shekaru aru-aru kafin mulkin mallakar Birtaniya, Kano ta kasance mai cikakkiyar iko da yawan [[Larabawa]], [[Mutanen Kanuri|Kanuri]], [[Abzinawa|Baburawa]] da [[Fulani]] kuma ta kasance haka tare da [[Harshen Hausa|harshen Hausa da ake]] magana dashi a matsayin harshen yare da masu magana da miliyan saba'in a yankin. [[Musulunci a Najeriya|Addinin Islama ya]] isa garin a karni na goma sha'daya, kokuma a farkon ta hanyar kasuwancin Sahara kuma sakamakon haka ya zama mai wadata kuma cibiyar kasuwanci ta yankin ta [[Arewacin Najeriya]], kuma har yanzu ana danganta ta a matsayin " cibiyar kasuwanci " a arewacin najeriya. == Bayanin Asali == Kano ta samo asali daga garin Dala, [[Dutsen Dala/bayan tsauni]] kuma ana kiran ta haka har zuwa ƙarshen karni na goma sha'biyar da farkon karni na goma sha'shida ga [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|majiyoyin Borno]] . == Tarihi == === Kafa da daular Bagauda === [[File:Barth_1857_Kano_from_Mount_Dala.jpg|left|thumb|174x174px| 1857 lithograph na kano, wanda aka zana bayan zanen da [[Heinrich Barth|Heinrich Barth yayi]]]] A cikin karni na 7, [[Dutsen Dala]], wani tsauni ne dappzke kano, ya kasance wurin farauta da tara jama'ar da ke aikin baƙin ƙarfe ( [[Al'adar Nok|al'adun Nok]] ); ba a sani ba ko waɗannan Hausawa ne ko kuwa masu magana da yarukan Nijar – Congo . Tarihin Kano ya nuna cewa Barbushe, jarumi ne na tsaunin Dala kuma mace mai bautar ruhi da aka sani da suna Tsumbura, Barbushe ta fito ne daga ''tsatson'' gidan mafarautan (maparauta) waɗanda suka fara zama a garin ( Elizabeth Isichei ta lura cewa bayanin Barbushe yayi kama da juna ga mutanen Sao ). [[File:Plan_of_the_city_of_Kano,_Soudan,_ca.1836.jpg|left|thumb|172x172px| Tsarin birnin kano, Soudan, ca. 1836 daga Thomas Scott]] Duk da yake a baya akwai kananan sarakuna a yankin, kamar yadda yake a Tarihin Kano, Bagauda dan Bawo da jikan jarumin [[Bayajidda|almara]] mai suna Bayajidda, ya zama sarkin Kano na farko a shekarar 999, yana mulki har zuwa 1063. <ref>Britannica, [https://www.britannica.com/place/Kano-Nigeria Kano], britannica.com, USA, accessed on July 7, 2019</ref> Jikansa Gijimasu (1095-1134), sarki na uku, ya fara gina ganuwar gari (badala / ganuwa) a ƙasan Dutsen Dala. Sonansa, Tsaraki (1136–1194), sarki na biyar, ya kammala su a zamanin mulkinsa. === Tsakiyar Zamani: yaɗuwar Musulunci da kasuwanci === A karni na 12 Ali Yaji mai matsayin Sarkin Kano ya yi mubaya'a zuwa Usman dan fodio daga barin tsafin Tsumburbura, ya [[Musulunci a Najeriya|musulunta]] kuma ya yi daular Sarauta wanda zai kasance har zuwa faduwarta a karni na 19. Mulkin Yaji ya biyo bayan zamanin faɗaɗawa wanda ya ga Kano ta zama babban birni na daular Habe ta ƙarya. [[File:The_Kano_State_Emirs_Palace_entrance.jpg|left|thumb|309x309px| [[Gidan Rumfa]] [[Muhammad Rumfa|wanda Muhammadu Rumfa ya]] gina a karni na 16]] A 1463 [[Muhammad Rumfa]] (yayi zamani a shekara taya 1463, zuwa shekarar ta 1499) ya hau gadon sarauta. A lokacin mulkinsa, matsin lamba daga siyasa da ya tashi daga Daular Songhai ya tilasta shi ya ɗauki Auwa, ɗiyar [[Askia Mohammad I|Askiyah Mai Girma]] a matsayin matar sa. Ta kasance daga baya ta zama mace ta farko a garin Kano. Rumfa sarki ne attajiri da ban nishadi. Kayan sawa na marmari da takalmin gashin jimina masu tsada sun kasance ruwan dare tsakanin jami'an gwamnati. An kuma fara amfani da kakaki a lokacin mulkinsa. Dukiyarsa tana bin bashin kasuwancin Kano a wannan lokacin. Babu shakka Kano ta samu daukaka sosai a matsayinta na muhimmiyar cibiyar kasuwanci ta kasuwancin Saharar Sahara a tsakiyar zamanai a lokacin mulkinsa. Bayanin Leo Africanus game da Kano ya yi amannar na zamanin Rumfas ne. Ya bayyana mazauna yankin a matsayin "attajirai 'yan kasuwa kuma kwararrun masu fasaha" sannan ya yaba da dokin sojojin Sarkin Musulmi. Ya kuma lura da yalwar shinkafa, masara, auduga da 'ya'yan itatuwa citrus. Rumfa ya gyara birni, ta fadada Sahelian [[Gidan Rumfa]] (Fadar Sarki), kuma ya taka rawa wajen kara musuluntar da mutanen garin, kamar yadda ya bukaci mashahuran mazauna garin su tuba. Tarihin kano ya danganta duka "sabbin abubuwa" guda goma sha biyu zuwa Rumfa. <ref>Nast, p. 61</ref> A cikin littafin Tarihin Kano, Sarki na talatin da bakwai ( [[Jerin sarakunan Kano|Sarkin Kano]] ) shine Mohammed Sharef (1703–1731). Magajinsa, Kumbari dan Sharefa (1731–1743), ya shiga manyan yakukuwa tare da [[Sokoto (birni)|Sakkwato]] a matsayin hamayya ta dogon awwlokaci. === Mulkin Fulani: karkashin daular Suleiman da Dabo === [[File:Vol1BritishEmpireInAfrica_0017.jpg|left|thumb|168x168px| Sarakuna shida a wani taro a Kano (c. 1910)]] A farkon karni na 19, shugaban [[Fulani|Fulani na musulunci]] [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman dan Fodio]] ya jagoranci [[Jihadi|jihadi da ya]] shafi yawancin yankin tsakiyar Sudan wanda ya rusa masarautar Habe, wanda ya haifar da bayyanar [[Daular Sokoto|Khalifanci na Sakkwato]] . A shekara ta 1805 Sarkin Yabe na Fulanin ya ci Sarkin Kano na karshe, kuma Kano ta zama Masarautar Khalifanci. Kano ta riga ta kasance mafi girma da ci gaba a daular. [[Heinrich Barth|Heinrich Barth ya]] kira Kano babbar masarautar tsakiyar Afirka; ya kasance masanin Bajamushe ne wanda ya kwashe shekaru da dama a arewacin Najeriya a cikin shekarun 1850 kuma ya kiyasta yawan bayi a Kano ya kai a kalla 50%, mafi yawansu suna zaune ne a kauyukan bayi. Wannan shine ɗayan manyan ƙungiyoyin bayi na ƙarshe, tare da yawan kaso mai yawa na bautar bayi tun bayan da aka yanke cinikin bayi na Atlantika. [[File:Emir_of_Kano-1911.jpg|left|thumb|167x167px| Sarkin kano Calvary (c. 1911)]] Garin ya sha fama da fari da yunwa daga 1807 zuwa shekara ya 1810, a cikin 1830s, 1847, 1855, 1863, 1873, 1884, kuma daga shekara ta 1889 zuwa 1890. Daga shekarar 1893 har zuwa 1895, masu neman sarauta biyu sun yi yakin basasa, ko ''Basasa'' , tarre da taimakon bayin masarauta, Yusufu ya ci nasara a kan ɗan'uwansa [[Tukur]] kuma ya ɗauki matsayin sarki. === Mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya, mulkin bayan fage, da 'yanci === [[File:Ex-king_of_Kano.jpg|left|thumb|202x202px| Muhammad Abbas sarki ya fara sarauta bayan yakin kano]] A watan Maris na shekararshekara ya 1903 bayan wata 'yar gwagwarmaya, Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka mamaye ganuwar Kano, nan take ta maye gurbin [[Lokoja]] a matsayin cibiyar gudanarwar [[Arewacin Najeriya]] . An maye gurbinsa a matsayin cibiyar gwamnati ta [[Zungeru]] sannan daga baya [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] kuma kawai ta sake dawo da mahimmancin mulki tare da ƙirƙirar jihar Kano bayan independenceancin Najeriya. Daga shekara ya 1913 zuwa 1914, yayin da kasuwancin gyada ke kara fadada, Kano ta yi fama da babban fari, wanda ya haifar da yunwa. Sauran loktan yunwa a lokacin mulkin Birtaniyya sun faru a shekara ta 1908, 1920, 1927, 1943, 1951, 1956, da 1958. Zuwa 1922, dan kasuwar gyada [[Alhassan Dantata]] ya zama hamshakin attajiri a Masarautar Kano, ya zarta sauran 'yan kasuwa Umaru Sharubutu Koki da Maikano Agogo. [[File:Mittelholzer-kano.jpg|left|thumb|168x168px| Kano a Disamba 1930. Hoton iska da matukin jirgin sama na Switzerland kuma mai daukar hoto Walter Mittelholzer ya ɗauka .]] [[File:HMA_Bob_Dewar_visit_to_the_Emir_of_Kano_(3541396651).jpg|left|thumb|172x172px| Sarki [[Ado Bayero]] da Robert Dewar babban kwamishinan Burtaniya, 2009]] A watan Mayun shekara ta 1953, wani fadan kabilanci da ya soma saboda kudancin jaridu misreporting a kan yanayin da bambancin ra'ayi a tsakanin arewaci da kudancin yan siyasa a majalisar wakilai . Dubun-dubatar ‘yan Najeriya‘ yan asalin kudu sun mutu sakamakon wani rikici da ya haifar da siyasa. <ref>Uwazie et al., p. 73</ref> [[Ado Bayero]] ya zama sarkin Kano a shekaran 1963. Gwamnatin soja ta Tarayya ce ta kirkiro jihar Kano a shekarar 1967 daga Arewacin Najeriya na wancan lokacin. An yabawa kwamishinan ‘yan sanda na soja na farko, [[Audu Bako]] da gina kakkarfan tushe don ci gaban zamantakewar zamani. Ya fara ayyukan ci gaba da yawa-hanyoyin hanyoyi, ingantaccen ruwan sha na birane. Shi kansa manomi ne mai son tallafi da samar da madatsun ruwa. Godiya ga manufofin sa Kano ta samar da duk nau'ikan da ake samarwa da fitar dashi zuwa jihohin makwabta. Gwamnan farar hula na farko shi ne [[Abubakar Rimi]] . A cikin Disamba na 1980, mai wa’azi mai tsattsauran ra'ayi [[Maitatsine|Mohammed Marwa Maitatsine]] ya jagoranci [[Rikicin Kano na 1980|tarzoma]] . Jami'an tsaro sun kashe shi, amma daga baya mabiyansa suka fara tayar da kayar baya a wasu biranen arewacin. Bayan gabatar da tsarin [[Shari'a|shari'ar musulunci]] a jihar Kano a farkon shekarata 2000, da yawa  Kiristoci sun bar garin. An kashe mutane 100 a cikin tarzoma kan batun shari’a a lokacin Oktoba 2001. <ref>[http://www.voanews.com/content/a-13-a-2001-10-16-32-obasanjo-67542777/286046.html Obasanjo Assesses Riot Damage in Kano – 2001-10-16]. </ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2007, rikicin siyasa ya barke a garin bayan [[Peoples Democratic Party|Jam’iyyar Democratic Party]] (PDP) ta zargi All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) da murde zaben kananan hukumomin da aka yi a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. (ANPP tayi nasara a kananan hukumomi 36 cikin 44 na jihar. ) Daruruwan matasa sun fito kan tituna, sama da mutane 300 aka kame; aƙalla mutane 25 aka kashe. Gine-ginen da aka cinna wuta sun hada da ofishin ‘yan sanda na sharia, da cibiyar addinin Islama, da sakatariyar karamar hukuma. An girke sojojin tarayya 280 a kewayen birnin. A watan Janairun 2012, wasu jerin hare-haren bam sun kashe mutane 162. An kai hari kan ofisoshin 'yan sanda hudu, hedkwatar Hukumar Tsaro ta Jiha, ofisoshin fasfo da cibiyoyin shige da fice. Mayakan Jihadi da ake kira [[Boko Haram]] sun dauki alhakin hakan. Bayan tashin bama-bamai, an sanya Kano a cikin dokar hana fita. Rikicin [[Rikicin Boko Haram|Boko Haram ya]] ci gaba da kisan mutane a watan Maris din 2013, Nuwamba 2014 da Fabrairu 2015 . A ranar 6 ga watan Yunin 2014, Sarki [[Ado Bayero]] wanda ya yi sarauta a matsayin [[Masarautar Kano|Sarkin Kano]] tsawon shekaru fiye da hamsin ya mutu, kuma rikicin sarauta ya barke tsakanin dangin masarautar. A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2014, [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi]] jikan tsohon Sarki [[Muhammadu Sanusi I]] ya zama sabon Sarkin Kano. Haɗuwarsa ta haifar da zanga-zanga mai yawa daga magoya bayan [[Sanusi Ado Bayero]] na Chiroman Kano (Yariman Masarauta) kuma ɗa ga marigayi Sarki Ado Bayero, tare da zargin cewa Gwamna [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso|Rabiu Kwankwaso ya]] tsoma baki cikin tsarin sarauta. A shekarar 2019, Gwamna [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje|Abdullahi Umar Ganduje ya]] raba masarautar Kano zuwa sabbin masarautu hudu; Bichi, Rano, Gaya da Karaye. Wannan matakin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba ya soki dattawa. A dokar dai, daga cikin kananan hukumomi 44 da ke jihar, Sanusi a matsayin Sarkin Kano zai jagoranci kananan hukumomi 10 kawai; tare da sauran sassan da aka sassaka tsakanin sabbin masarautu. A ranar 9 ga Maris din 2020, Gwamna Abdullahi Ganduje ne ya dare karagar mulkin Sanusi. Ba tare da bata lokaci ba aka tasa keyar sarkin zuwa karkashin tsaro mai karfi zuwa wani gida cikin al'ajabi, jihar Nasarawa. Sai da babbar kotun tarayya da ke Abuja ta shiga tsakani don ba da umarnin a sake shi daga tsare a Nasarawa. == Labarin kasa == === Wuri === Birnin Kano yana kudu da [[Sahara|hamadar Sahara]] a cikin yankin Savanna na Sudan wanda ya faɗi kudu da Sahel . Garin yana kusa da inda kogunan Kano da Challawa da suke kwararowa daga kudu maso yamma suka hadu suka zama Kogin [[Kogin Hadejia|Hadejia]], wanda daga karshe ya malala zuwa [[Tabkin Chadi|Tafkin Chadi]] zuwa gabas. === Yanayi === Kano tana da {{Convert|481|m|ft}} sama da matakin teku . Kano tana da yanayin savanna na wurare masu zafi . Birni yana da kusan kimanin {{Convert|980|mm|in|1}} na hazo a kowace shekara, yawancinsu suna faɗuwa ne daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. [[Labarin kasa na Nijeriya|Kamar mafi yawan Nijeriya]], Kano tana da zafi sosai a mafi yawancin shekara, tana yin sama a cikin watan Afrilu. Daga Disamba zuwa Fabrairu, garin ba shi da zafi sosai, tare da yanayin daren lokacin watannin Disamba, Janairu da Fabrairu suna da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na {{Convert|14|to|16|°C}} .{{Weather box}} === Gundumomi === Kano na da yankuna shida: * Tsohon Birni * - Bompai, * [[Fagge|- Fagge]] , * Sabon Gari, * Quasar Siriya , * da Nassarawa . == Tattalin arziki == Tarihin tattalin arzikin Kano ya samo asali ne tun daga zamanin biranen na farko lokacin da garin ya kasance mafi kudu maso kudu na shahararrun hanyoyin kasuwanci tsakanin Sahara . Kano tana da kyakkyawar alaka da birane da yawa a Arewacin Afirka da wasu biranen a kudancin Turai. <ref>Barau, A.S. (2007) The Great Attractions of Kano.</ref> A shekara ta 1851, birnin Kano ya samar da takalmi miliyan 10 da fatun tan miliyan 5 kowace shekara don fitarwa, tare da wasu kayayyaki da suka haɗa da kayan yadi, fata da hatsi. Kano ta haɗu da kasuwancin Trans-Atlantic a cikin 1911 lokacin da hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta isa Kano. Kano babbar cibiya ce ta samarwa da kuma fitar da kayayyakin amfanin gona kamar fatu, fata, gyada, da auduga . Birnin yana kula da tattalin arziƙin sa ta hanyar kasuwancin tun a ƙarni na 21 tare da samar da mutum mafi arziki a Afirka - [[Aliko Dangote]] - wanda babban mahaifin sa [[Alhassan Dantata]] shine mafi arziki a Yammacin Afirka a tsakiyar karni na 20. Tsawon shekarun da suka gabata, manufofin gwamnati da ba su dace ba da kuma samar da wutar lantarki nan da can ya kawo cikas ga masana'antu da masana'antu, ta yadda tattalin arzikin Kano ya dogara ne kacokam kan kasuwanci, tallace-tallace da aiyuka. Akwai shirye-shiryen kafa filin shakatawa na fasahar bayanai a cikin gari. == Al'adu == === Dawakai === [[File:September_2016_Durbar_in_Kano_-_Arrival_of_the_Emir.jpg|thumb| Bikin Durbar a Kano]] A al'adance Kano tana da mahaɗan dawakai kuma ana bayyana wannan yayin bikin Durbar na shekara-shekara don nuni da kuma yin bukukuwa biyu na Musulmai na shekara [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid al Fitr]] (don nuna ƙarshen Watan Ramadan mai alfarma ) da [[Sallar Idi Babba|Eid al-Adha]] (don bikin [[Aikin Hajji|aikin Hajji)]] Harami Mai Tsarki). Ana fara bikin ne da kwararrun mahaya daga fadar masarauta da masu kishin alfarma tare da mawaƙa, maharba, da da'iran gargajiya a cikin jerin gwanon arziki da launuka masu kayatarwa ta cikin garin akan hanyar zuwa gidan sarki. Da zarar sun taru a kusa da fadar, mahayan dawakan sun shiga kungiyoyinsu, kowane a karkashin tutar shugaban gundumar (hakimai) ko kuma wani mai martaba daga fadar sarki (masarauta), su karba bi da bi su caji sarki, suna tafe da ƙafa kafa ɗaya a gaban manyan mutane da ke zaune don ba su girmamawa da biyayya. A lokacin bikin, sarki ya yi kyakykyawar bayyana a launuka daban-daban sanye da ado da adon sarki. A karon farko cikin shekaru 200, an soke bikin dawaki na durban a shekarar 2012 saboda mummunan yanayin rashin lafiyar sarkin kano. Wasu masu sharhi na nuna cewa sokewar ya hada da kasancewar karuwar munanan hare-haren kungiyar Boko Haram a yankin arewacin Najeriya a wancan lokacin. === Gine-gine === Gine-ginen kano tsawon shekaru sun sama ga banbance banbance, musamman daga na gargajiya zuwa na zamani. Birnin babban yanki ne na gine-ginen Sudano-Sahelian, yana haɓaka tsarin [[Gine-Ginen Hausawa|Tubali na]] cikin gida wanda ya bayyana a masallatai, bango, mahaɗan gama gari, da ƙofofi. Fassara fasalin gine-gine ya kasance kuma har yanzu ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin gine-ginen Kano, tare da garin yana dauke da ƙwararrun masu fasaha. == Tambarin kasa == [[File:Kano_municipal_council_gate.jpg|thumb|290x290px| Kofar majalisar birni ta kano (2009)]] === Tsohon Birni === Ganuwa ta mamaye, yawancin ƙofofin zuwa Old City suna rayuwa. Tsohon garin yana dauke da babbar [[Kasuwar Kurmi|Kasuwar Kurmi, wacce]] aka san ta da sana'arta, yayin da tsofaffin ramin rini-har yanzu ana amfani da su - suna nan kusa. A cikin Tsohon garin akwai Fadar Sarki, Babban Masallaci, da Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Makama. === Wuraren Bauta === Daga cikin wuraren ibadar, galibi masallatan [[Musulunci|musulmai ne.]] <ref>J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2107</ref> Hakanan akwai majami'u na Krista don ɗariku da yawa da suka hada da : * Cocin na Najeriya ( Anglican Communion ); * Roman Catholic Diocese na Kano ( Cocin Katolika ); * Yarjejeniyar Baptist ta Nijeriya ( Baptist World Alliance ); * Cocin Presbyterian na Nijeriya ( Commungiyar Hadin Gwiwar Ikklisiya ta Duniya ); * Majami’un majami’ar Pentikostal da suka hada da; Majalisun Allah, Cocin Living Faith Church a Duniya ; Ikilisiyar Krista ta Allah da aka Karɓa === Ganuwa === [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 703.jpg|thumb|Tsohuwar garin Kano daga sama.]] An [[Ganuwa a Birnin Kano|Gina Tsoffin Ganuwan Kano]] a matsayin katangar kariya tare da gina harsashin da Sarki Gijimasu ya kafa (r. 1095–1134), wato sarki na uku na Masarautar Kano a cikin Tarihin Kano . A tsakiyar karni na 14 a zamanin Zamnagawa, an kammala katangar kafin a kara fadada ta a karni na 16. A cewar masana tarihi, Janar-Janar na Mulkin Mallaka da Kariyar [[Najeriya]], [[Frederick Lugard|Fredrick Lugard]], ya rubuta a cikin rahoton 1903 game da Ganuwar Kano cewa "bai taɓa ganin kamarsa a Afirka ba" bayan kama tsohon garin Kano tare Sojojin Burtaniya. === Tsoffin gidajen sarauta da wuraren zama === Yawancin tsofaffin gidajen masarauta suna rayu har zuwa yau, galibi a cikin tsohon birni da kewaye. Irin wadannan gidaje masu zaman kansu sun hada da Gidan Chiroma, Filin Chiranchi, da sauransu. Manyan fadoji, sun hada da [[Gidan Rumfa]], [[Gidan Makama]], da kuma lokacin sanyi na sarki. == Ilimi == [[File:Bayero1.jpg|right|thumb| Bayero University kano harabar]] [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero ta Kano]] ita ce tsohuwar jami'a mafi tsufa a garin. [[Isa Kaita]] ne ya fara kafa jami'ar a shekarar 1962. Ta zama jami'ar jihar a cikin 1975, kuma har yanzu tana da muhimmiyar cibiyar koyarwa a yau. Kwalejin [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da fasaha ta Kano|Fasaha ta Jihar Kano]] an kafa ta ne a shekarar 1975. [[File:Kano3.jpg|left|thumb| Kano da daddare]] Kano tana da tashar jirgin kasa mai dauke da jiragen kasa zuwa Legas da aka bi ta Kaduna, yayin da [[Filin jirgin sama na Mallam Aminu Kano|Filin jirgin saman Malam Aminu Kano]] yake kusa da nan. [[Madatsar Ruwan Challawa|Challawa Gorge Dam]] wanda ke kusa da shi ya wadatar da garin, wanda ake la'akari da shi a matsayin tushen tushen wutar lantarki. Kasancewar Kano tana arewacin mahadar jirgin ƙasa a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], tana da damar yin daidai da tashar jirgin ruwa a [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] da [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]] . Kamfanin jirgin sama [[Kamfanin Kabo Air|Kabo Air]] yana da babban ofishinsa a cikin birni. <ref>"[http://www.kaboair.com/contact.html Contact Us]." [[Kabo Air]]. </ref> Har ila yau, Kano ita ce hedkwatar kamfanin jiragen sama na Azman, da [[Max Air]] da kuma wasu kamfanonin tafiye-tafiye marasa daidaito. [[File:Kofar_Nasarawa_-_Kano_City_Gate.jpg|thumb| An sake gina Tsohuwar Kofar Garin Kano a shekarar 2014]] Bayan hutu na shekaru masu yawa, an gyara layin dogo daga Kano zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas zuwa a 2013.]] Jirgin kasa na jirgin kasa zuwa Lagos yana ɗaukar awanni 30 kuma ya yi daidai da dalar Amurka 12, kwata kwata na kwatankwacin kuɗin bas. <ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21571481-renovated-railway-line-welcome-more-are-still-sorely-needed-slow "Trains in Nigeria: A slow but steady new chug,"] ''[[The Economist]]''</ref> A shekarar 2014, ana fara aikin gina sabon layin dogo, layin ma'auni na zamani daga [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Daga shekarar 2006 zuwa 2015, tare da tallafin mai da tsadar mai, manyan titunan mota, gadoji na sama da sauran kayayyakin sufuri gwamnatin jihar ce ta gina su. Mafi shaharar wadannan sune gadar gadar sama ta Jubilee a Kofar Nassarawa, babbar hanyar Kofar Kabuga da kuma manyan tituna-layi 6 a cikin garin. Kwanan nan, Mataimakin Shugaban Kasar Najeriya Yemi Osibanjo ya kasance a Kano domin kaddamar da gadar gadar Alhassan da ke kan titin Murtala Muhammad Way da Tijjani Hashim da ke Kofar Ruwa. A shekarar 2017, Ma’aikatar Ayyukan Gidaje & Sufuri ta Jihar Kano ta sanar da hanyar jirgin kasa mai tsawon kilomita 74, mai layi hudu. tare da kwangilar dalar Amurka biliyan 1.8 da aka sanya hannu tare da kamfanin gine-ginen Railway na kasar Sin . == Sanannun mutane == * [[Sani Abacha]], tsohon Shugaban kasar Najeriya * [[Pamela Abalu]], 'yar kasuwar Ba-Amurke kuma jagorar zane. * Lawan Musa Abdullahi, lauya kuma dan siyasa * [[Aliko Dangote]], dan kasuwa * [[Alhassan Dantata]], dan kasuwa * [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje]], Gwamnan jihar Kano na yanzu * [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso|Rabiu Kwankwaso]], dan siyasa, Tsohon Gwamnan jihar Kano Har ila yau Tsohon Ministan Tsaro da Albarkatun Ruwa Engr * [[Murtala Mohammed]], Tsohon Shugaban Kasashe, Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] * [[Isyaka Rabi'u|Isyaku Rabiu]], dan kasuwa * Muhammadu [[Abubakar Rimi]] tsohon gwamnan jihar Kano. * [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi]], ma’aikacin banki * [[Ibrahim Shekarau]], dan siyasa, Tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Kano Kuma Tsohon Ministan Ilimi, a halin yanzu [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya mai]] wakiltar Kano ta Tsakiya * [[Abdullah al-Thani]], tabbatacce ne na [[Libya]] * [[Alhassan Yusuf]], dan kwallon kafa, a yanzu haka yana buga wa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta IFK Göteborg ta kasar Sweden == Duba kuma == * [[Majalisar Masarautar Kano]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Kananan Hukumomin Jihar Kano}} [[Category:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Category:Wurare masu masu yawan jama'a a jihar Kano]] [[Category:Manyan Birane a Najeriya]] [[Category:Tsari a Wikidata]] [[Category:Mukalai masu dauke da haruffan Larabci]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nale62mrbz3vcol13gt2kt42ziy0w5b 0 6236 165943 165799 2022-08-14T16:52:32Z Umar Ahmad2345 13400 Gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Akwa Ibom'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Ƙasar alkawuran.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Akwa_Ibom_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Akwa Ibom cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Turanci]], [[Ibibio]], [[Annang]], [[Eket]] and [[Oron]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Udom Gabriel Emmanuel]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1987]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Uyo]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|7,081km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2016 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 5,450,758 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-AK |} [[File:Nigerian number plate Akwa Ibom.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar akwa ibom]] [[File:Nwaniba Waterfall.jpg|thumb|Shataletale mai ruwa a akwa ibom]] '''Akwa Ibom''' jiha ce a kudu masa kudancin Najeriya. Ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Cross River]] daga gabas, daga yamma da [[Jihar Rivers]] da [[Abiya]], Sannan daga kudu da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga rafin [[Qua Iboe River]] wanda ya raba jihar biyu kafin ya fada cikin kududdufin Bonny.<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (5 October 2021). "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 22 December 2021.</ref> An cire Jihar Akwa Ibom ne daga Jihar Cross River a shekarar alif ta 1987, tare da babban birninta a [[Uyo]] da kananan hukumomi 31. Acikin jihohi guda 36 na Najeriya, Jihar Akwa Ibom itace ta 30 a girma kuma ta biyar a yawan jama'a mutum miliyan 5.5 million a bisa kiyasin shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin Central African mangroves daga gabar ruwa ta kudu, da kuma dazukan [[Cross–Niger transition forests]] a sauran yankunan jihar. Wasu daga cikin muhimman yanayin kasar sun hada da rafukan [[Imo]] da [[Cross River]] wanda suke kwarara ta gabashin da yammacin iyakar Akwa Ibom, a yayain da rafin [[Kwa Ibo River]] ya raba jihar biyu kuma ya fada rafin Bayelsa wato Bonny. yawan fili kimani na kilomita arabba’i 7,081 da yawan jama’a milyan biyar da dubu dari huɗu da hamsin da dari bakwai da hamsin da takwas (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2016). Babban birnin tarayyar jahar ita ce [[Uyo]]. [[Udom Gabriel Emmanuel]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Moses Ekpo]]. Dattiban jihar su ne: [[Bassey Akpan]], [[Godswill Akpabio]] da [[Nelson Effiong]]. Daga can saqon kudancin jihar, akwai ganduna daji da ake kira ''Stubb Creek Forest Reserve'', inda akwai dabbodi masu karewa kamar kadoji, birai da 'yan kwaroran damusu na Nahiyyar Afurka da kuma birai nau'in Najeriya da Afurka.<ref>Inemesit, Akpan-Nsoh (14 May 2018). "'Akwa Ibom primates on brink of extinction'". ''[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</ref><ref>Eniang, Edem A.; Akani, Godfrey C.; Amadi, Nioking; Dendi, Daniele; Amori, Giovanni; Luiselli, Luca (15 Jul 2016). "Recent distribution data and conservation status of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in the Niger Delta (Nigeria)". ''Tropical Zoology''. '''29''' (4): 173–183. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1080/03946975.2016.1214461. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] 89244146. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</ref><ref>Baker, Lynne R. (27 April 2012). "Report on a Survey of Stubbs Creek Forest Reserve, June 20 – July 5, 2003". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]]''. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</ref><ref>Ogar, Dave A.; Asuk, Sijeh A.; Umanah, I.E. (2016). "Forest Cover Change in Stubb's Creek Forest Reserve Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". Applied Tropical Agriculture. 21 (1): 183–189. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</ref> A fannin ruwa kuwa, akwai nau'ikan rayukan ruwa iri-iri kamar kifaye da ire-irensu da dama, da kuma jinsunan namun ruwa na ''cetacean species'' kamarsu dabbobin dolphins da whale. Jihar Akwa Ibom ta yau ta hada harsuna daban-daban tun shekaru daruruwa da suka shude, wadanda suke da alaka da mutanen [[Mutanen Ibibio|Ibibio]], [[Mutanen Anaang|Anaang]], da [[Mutanen Oron|Oron]] na arewa maso gabas, arewa maso yamma da kuma kudancin Jihar. A lokacin mulkin turawa, inda ake kira da Akwa Ibom ta kasu zuwa birane kaman [[Masarutar Ibom]] da Akwa Akpa kafin ta zamo yankin mallakar turawa a shekara ta 1884 karkashin yankin [[Yankin Niger Coast Protectorate|Yankin Oil Rivers Protectorate]].<ref>Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). [[1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Calabar|"Calabar"]] . ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition|Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 962.</ref> Turawa sun mamaye yankin a farkon karni na 1900, kafin su hade yankin (da ake kira a yau [[Yankin Niger Coast Protectorate]]) acikin Yankin [[Southern Nigeria Protectorate]] inda daga bisani ta zamo Yankin Najeriya ta Burtaniya; bayan hade su, mafi akasarin yankin Akwa Ibom ta yau ta fada cikin yankin tawaye ga mulkin mallakar turai wanda ya jawo ballewar Rikicin Mata ta hanyar Kungiyar Gwagwarmaya ta Ibibiyo.<ref>"About Akwa Ibom". ''[[Government of Akwa Ibom State]]''. 4 May 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan samun 'yanci a shekara ta1960, yankin Jihar Akwa Ibom na yanzu ta fada cikin [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], har zuwa shekarar alif ta 1967 lokacin da aka raba yankin ta zamo [[Cross River|Jihar Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya]]. Kasa da watanni biyu bayan hakan, yankin Inyamurai na tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] tayi yinkurin ballewa don kafa [[Biyafara|Jamhoriyar Biyafara]]; wanda hakan ya jawo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] na tsawon shekaru uku. Anyi gumurzu sosai a yankin Akwa Ibom na yanzu wajen mamaye yankin Fatakwal, a yayin da 'yan Biyafara suka rinka cutar da mutanen Akwa Ibom wadanda ba Inyamurai ba.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yaki ta kare kuma an sake hade kasar cikin Najeriya, an mayar da Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar alif ta 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar [[Cross River]]. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an raba Jihar Cross River daga yammacin ta don samar da sabuwar Jihar Akwa Ibom.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Ta fuskar tattalin arziki kuwa, Jihar Akwa Ibom ta ta'allaka ne akan man-fetur da gas, a matsayin jihar da tafi kowacce jiha samar da man fetur a Najeriya.<ref>"Akanbi, Festus (19 September 2021). "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". ''[[ThisDay]]''. Retrieved 15 December 2021. </ref> Wani muhimmin fanni shine noma don Jihar na da albarkatun kayan noma kamar cocoyam, doya da plantain, dangane da kamun kifi da kiwon dodon kodi. Duk da albarkacin man fetur da Jihar ke dashi, Akwa Ibom ta kasance ta 17 a jadawalin jerin cigaban dan Adam a sanadiyyar shekaru da dama na cin hanci da rashawa.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"The Gang of 43 breaks cover". ''[[Africa Confidential]]''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Everyone's in on the Game". ''[[Human Rights Watch]]''. 17 August 2010. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> == Tarihi == Gwamnatin Mulkin soja a karkashin Gen. [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida]] ne ta kirkiri yankin Jihar Akwa Ibom daga Jihar Cross River a ranar 23 ga watan Satumban, shekara ta 1987.<ref>"Brief History of Akwa Ibom State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 2018-07-25.</ref> Yankin da ake kira Jihar Akwa Ibom kafin zuwan turawan mulkin mallaka a shekara 1904 ta kasance bata da wani tsarin mulkin a lokacin. Hasali ma harsunan [[Annang]], [[Oron people|Oron]], [[Efik people|Efik]], Ibonos da [[Ibibio people|Ibibio]] sun kasance kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a wancan lokacin.<ref>"National Trade & International Business Center". ''ntibc.ng''. Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> Duk da cewa mishanari da dama na kasar Scotland sun sauka a yankin Calabar a shekara ta1848, da kuma Ibono a shekara ta 1887, Turawa basu kafa mulkinsu da kyau ba a yankin sai a shekarar alif 1904. A lokacin ne aka kafa Yankin Enyong wacce ta hada har da yankin Akwa Ibom, tare da helikwata a [[Ikot Ekpene]], wata birnin Annang, wacce aka rubutu a Nazarin Afurka na Kaanan Nair, matsayin babban birnin siyasa da al'adu na mutanen Annang da Ibibio. Kirkirar Yankin Enyong ya janyo zuwan yaruka daban-daban a karo na farko a yankin. Hakan ya janyo sanadiyyar kafa Kungiyar Jindadin Ibibiyo (Ibibio Welfare Union) wacce daga baya ta koma Kungiyar Jihar Ibibiyo (Ibibio State Union). An kafa wannan kungiya da zamantakewa a masayin majalisar cigaba na gargajiya ga mutane masu ilimi da kuma kungoyoyi da aka ware tun lokacin mulkin mallakan turawa a shekara ta 1926. Duk da haka, masu tarihi basu ayyano yadda kungiyar ta janyo hadin kai a. tsakanin mutanen kungiyar ba.<ref>"Overview of Akwa Ibom – Niger Delta Budget Monitoring Group". Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> Kungoyar "Obolo Union" wacce ta hada da mutanen Ibono da [[Obolo people|Andoni]], ya kasance kungiyar hulda da zamantakewa mai karfi wacce tayi kaurin suna a yankin. Mutane Ibono sunyi yake-yake da dama don kare mutuncinsu da kuma yankinsu fiye da kowacce kungiya. A lokacin da aka kafa Jihar Akwai Ibom a shelara ta 1987, an zabi [[Uyo]] a matsayin babban birnin jihar don isar da cigaba ga daukakin yankunan jihar.<ref>"About Akwa Ibom | Akwa Ibom State Government". 4 May 2017. Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> [[File:First Qua Iboe Church building, Rear view, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom.jpg|thumb|Daya daga cikin coci na farko a akwa ibom]] [[File:Akwa Ibom state contingent 4.jpg|thumb|Al'adun a akwa ibom]] == Gwamnati == Kabilu guda uku suka mamaye harkokin siyasa a Jihar Akwa Ibom: [[Mutanen Ibibio|Ibibio]], [[Mutanen Anaang|Annang]] da [[Mutanen Oron|Oron]]. Daga cikin wadannan harsuna uku, yaren Ibibiyo ya kasance mafi rinjaye a yankin kuma ta rike muhimman mukamai tun lokacin da aka kirkira yankin. Tun My shekaru takwai da suka shude, tsakanin watan Mayu 29, ga wata shekara ta 2007 zuwa Mayu 28, 2015, Anaang ke rike da madakun iko tunda gwamna na lokacin ya fito ne daga yankin mazabar Ikot Ekpene.<ref>"Ibibio | Encyclopedia.com". ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> === Ma'aikatu, Sassa da Wuraren Gwamnati === A kasa an lissafo jerin ma'akatu na Jihar Akwa Ibom;<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-01-03. Retrieved 2017-01-27.</ref> *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Justice]] *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Agricultural Resources|Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sufficiency]] *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Account and Finance]] *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Works]] *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Education]] *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Environment *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Transport and Petroleum|Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Transport & Petroleum Resources]] *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Local Government and Chieftaincy Affairs *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Lands, Town Planning & Survey *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Information and Strategy|Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Information & Strategy]] *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Health]] *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Science & Technology *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Women Development and Social Development *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Youth & Sports *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Administration & Supplies *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Economic Development Labour and Manpower Planning *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Investment, Commerce and Industries *[[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Culture and Tourism]] *Akwa Ibom State Bureau of Political/Legislative Affairs and Water Resources *Akwa Ibom State Bureau of Rural Development & Cooperatives *Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Power and Petroleum Resources == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Akwa Ibom nada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan Hukumomi]] (31). Sune: * [[Abak]] * [[Gabashin Obolo]] * [[Eket]] * [[Esit-Eket]] * [[Essien Udim]] * [[Etim-Ekpo]] * [[Etinan]] * [[Ibeno]] * [[Ibesikpo-Asutan]] * [[Ibiono-Ibom]] * [[Ika, Nigeria|Ika]] * [[Ikono]] * [[Ikot Abasi]] * [[Ikot Ekpene]] * [[Ini, Nigeria|Ini]] * [[Itu, Nigeria|Itu]] * [[Mbo, Nigeria|Mbo]] * [[Mkpat-Enin]] * [[Nsit-Atai]] * [[Nsit-Ibom]] * [[Nsit-Ubium]] * [[Obot-Akara]] * [[Okobo, Nigeria|Okobo]] * [[Onna]] * [[Oron, Nigeria|Oron]] * [[Oruk Anam]] * [[Ukanafun]] * [[Udung-Uko]] * [[Uruan]] * [[Urue-Offong/Oruko]] * [[Uyo]] == Mutane == === Kabilu === Muhimman kabilun yakin sune Ibibio, Anaang, Oron, Ekid, da Obolo. === Addini === Mafi akasarin mutanen Akwa Ibom kiristoci ne. === Harsuna === Kamar dai mutanen [[Efik]] makwabtan Akwa Ibom wato Cross River, mutaanen Akwa Ibom na amfani da harsuna da dama na [[Harsunan Ibibio-Efik]] wanda suka samo asali daga dangin yarukan [[Benue–Congo]] wanda suka hadu suka samar da yarukan Niger–Congo. Tebur na kasa ya zayyano jerin yarukan Jihar Akwa Ibom da kananan hukumomin da aka fi amfani dasu.<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 2020-01-10.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Language !! LGA(s) spoken in |- | [[Harshen Anaang|Anaang]] || Abak, Essien Udim, Ika, Ikot Ekpene, Oruk-Anam, Ukanafun,Etim ekpo, |- | [[Harshen Obolo|Obolo]] || Eastern Obolo |- | [[Harshen Eket|Ekid]] || Eket, Esit Eket |- | [[Harshen Eket|Etebi]] || Esit Eket |- | [[Harshen Ibibio|Ibibio]] || Etinan, Ibiono Ibom, Ikono, Ikot Abasi, Itu, Mkpat Enin, Nsit Atai, Nsit-Ubium, Onna, Uruan, Uyo, Ini. |- | Ibuno || Ibeno |- | Ika Oku || Ika |- | [[Harshen Ibuoro|Nkari]] || Ini |- | Itu Mbon Uso || Ini |- | [[Harshen Idere|Idere]] || Itu |- | [[Harshen Efik|Efik]] || Itu, Uruan |- | [[Harshen Ebughu|Ebughu]] || Mbo, Oron |- | [[Harshen Efai|Efai]] || Mbo |- | [[Harshen Enwan|Enwan]] || Mbo |- | [[Harshen Oro|Oro]] || Mbo, Oron, Udung Uko, Urue-Offrong-Oruko |- | Iko || Eastern Obolo |- | [[Harshen Okobo|Okobo]] || Okobo |- | [[Harshen Ilue|Ilue]] || Oron |- | Khana || Oruk-Anam |- |} == Ilimi == Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Jihar Akwa Ibom ke da alhakin kula da harkokin Ilima a Jihar. Sashin Akwa Ibom na yankin tsohuwar Calabar itace yanki na farko da aka fara karatun boko a Najeriya, tare da kafa makarantar [[Hope Waddell Training Institute]] a Calabar a cikin shekara ta 1895, da kuma makarantar Methodist Boys' High School, Oron a 1905, da sauran makarantu kamar Holy Family College a Abak da Regina Coeli College a Essene. Wasu manyan makarantun yankin sun hada da: *Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic Ikot Osurua *Akwa Ibom State University (Oruk Anam LGA and Mkpat Enin LGA) *Federal Polytechnic, Ukana *Foundation College of Technology Ikot Ekpene[26] *Heritage Polytechnic, Eket *Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron *Obong University, Obong Ntak *Ritman University *University of Uyo, Uyo *School of Basic Studies, Abak[27] *School of Nursing, Uyo, Eket, Oron, Ikot Ekpene, Etinan[28] *Sure Polytechnic, Ukanafun[29] *Topfaith University, Mkpatak[30] *Trinity Polytechnic, Uyo[31] *Uyo City Polytechnic Nduetong Oku[32] == Sanannun mutane == Sanannun mutane a yankin sun hada da: * Obong [[Victor Attah]], former governor of Akwa Ibom State * Senator [[Godswill Akpabio]], former governor of Akwa Ibom State, former Senate Minority Leader * [[Effiong Dickson Bob]] * [[Ini Edo]], Nollywood Actress * Obong [[Ufot Ekaette]], secretary to the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from 1999 to 2007 under President Olusegun Obasanjo * [[Dominic Ekandem]] first cardinal in English-speaking West Africa. First Nigerian Cardinal to qualify as a candidate to the papacy. * Senator (Engr.) [[Chris Ekpenyong]] Former deputy governor of Akwa Ibom State in the [[Victor Attah]] administration and current Nigerian Senator representing Akwa Ibom North-West Senatorial District in the 9th Assembly. * Engr. [[Patrick Ekpotu]], former Deputy Governor of Akwa Ibom State * [[Udom Gabriel Emmanuel]], Governor of Akwa Ibom State from May 2015 to date * Senator [[Ita Enang]], Senior Special Assistant (Niger-Delta) to President [[Muhammadu Buhari]] * [[Vincent Enyeama]], professional footballer (Goalie) and former Super Eagle captain * [[Mark Essien]], entrepreneur and founder of [[Hotels.ng]] * Chief [[Donald Etiebet]], former Minister of Petroleum * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]], Nollywood actress * [[Eve Esin]], Nollywood actress * [[Etim Inyang]], former Inspector General of the Nigerian Police Force (I.G.P) 1985 to 1986 * Obong [[Akpan Isemin]], elected governor of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria from January 1992 to November 1993 during the Nigerian Third Republic^{[''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]'']} * [[Clement Isong]], second governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria; first civilian governor of the former [[Cross River State]] * [[Emem Isong]], multi-award winning filmmaker and CEO of Royal Arts Academy * Rt. Hon. [[Onofiok Luke]], the 11th Speaker of the Akwa Ibom State House of Assembly and the Pioneer Speaker of the Nigeria Youth Parliament * Group Capt. [[Idongesit Nkanga]], former military governor of Akwa Ibom State * [[Samuel Peter]], world heavyweight boxing champion * [[Egbert Udo Udoma]], from Ikot Abasi, former chief justice of Uganda * [[Ime Bishop Umoh]], Nollywood actor * Professor [[Okon Uya]] was briefly chairman of the National Electoral Commission of Nigeria (NECON), appointed by President [[Ibrahim Babangida]] after the presidential elections of 12 June 1993 had been annulled and his predecessor [[Humphrey Nwosu]] dismissed. == Duba Kuma == * [[Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Education]] * [[List Of Government Ministries Of Akwa Ibom State]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Akwa Ibom}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] fohfguo5leamtupvnz797dbwfljebrn 0 6309 165909 165900 2022-08-14T12:03:44Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin fadamar Cross Riiver. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] p08i9k5li5xx0m3db1hgpx0prbp2tau 165913 165909 2022-08-14T12:07:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin fadamar Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 842ra8cplgv4scvqhzgh450axv9uhsp 165914 165913 2022-08-14T12:08:25Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River Suma Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ln3mln8hkbkkqqqa806rwv2vo35vphn 165924 165914 2022-08-14T14:31:17Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] eafpj59iiflb9l6nxiynhhnc67emdhz 165925 165924 2022-08-14T14:32:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] lu45r1jjljiocpnji6pgznhlj6yjxe3 165926 165925 2022-08-14T14:34:16Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] nhd9qxffrrfpbyxmbcd8v25l423lg4n 165927 165926 2022-08-14T14:34:32Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 27b8plh6sk6h6r4cza9wobffktkldmr 165928 165927 2022-08-14T14:34:47Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref> Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] f294pz26imhgg7vskul8n9af4jryn6x 165929 165928 2022-08-14T14:35:17Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qnti0qnlony0l6kfug4filc05r6g5bh 165930 165929 2022-08-14T14:35:35Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] k2oan0o6uz7ytil4pco1uoz3f4uzhh2 165931 165930 2022-08-14T14:37:51Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] omqtlhcsp00b0tkydwnz48ghry5mcst 165932 165931 2022-08-14T14:39:26Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari, Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qntoiwcs1txxjk924uj7g817ikgm8r4 165933 165932 2022-08-14T14:40:59Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]],[[Boki people|Boki]], [[Bahumono]], da kuma [[Yakö people|Yakö (Yakurr)]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 3u0ia89j5fdtagauh5j6aak5f94ivtt 165934 165933 2022-08-14T14:42:47Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4jmgjk2jer8owrfcw34axx5m0kunjpp 165935 165934 2022-08-14T14:44:24Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 0wln733bq544g7i1mytpybbb1afvsss 165957 165935 2022-08-14T17:47:43Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar) Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] b598i9wfd5bbyop4zcsfy6npkh0sbui 165958 165957 2022-08-14T17:51:23Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] sp76kv07uriui4vjh8rcgjcitgy7hmr 165959 165958 2022-08-14T17:54:49Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] gso52bmsmzz8fb13ewz2unm97ojseql 165960 165959 2022-08-14T17:56:50Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] p0v4pqnb4nm92c6ywc1zz7nq85ygbcj 165962 165960 2022-08-14T20:07:59Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 3s0wma2act08a8f08097x04la1agbcv 165963 165962 2022-08-14T20:12:20Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967 Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] lmz67c17dtw34ta63hju9vi6a8ms3ed 165964 165963 2022-08-14T20:13:30Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] s020sbcqjwdjw883r4qt9inoclb69rg 165965 165964 2022-08-14T20:15:25Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ltqteb55cf2h0ox5zfa67299njtck0t 165966 165965 2022-08-14T20:17:23Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 7c4kflt7mst1dev62bikxsounbr5tqb 165967 165966 2022-08-14T20:19:47Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] bvg5sqwjoxatxbnnxj6s7n45jildevu 165968 165967 2022-08-14T20:22:34Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River, Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] axl5n90k0zq4sbv0zvq0kx4gk0sssaj 165969 165968 2022-08-14T20:24:42Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] e4dvrhq0g2nk4cn8532hikp1b8s6l2u 165970 165969 2022-08-14T20:28:47Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4zroewuegi70rkry9m3o56lq2vra2fz 165982 165970 2022-08-14T20:55:13Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da dai sauransu. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qaaaxied17h90zghjzhp8kxaoas88zf 165990 165982 2022-08-14T21:01:30Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] skacmo5asuxywwhi9jvpmd73r46x3ft 165999 165990 2022-08-14T21:05:12Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] stysxkyj3hccgw60tpqhslzgitxwl8w 166001 165999 2022-08-14T21:08:29Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin jerin cigaban jama'a na jihohi Najeriya. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 6kzj2468u72lr2768ejoeohuis9sl8l 166006 166001 2022-08-14T21:27:59Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ks46cl9fqidradtvqaz2mtlldhqrsf3 166007 166006 2022-08-14T21:29:04Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qn3aa4tenos8ozipgr1vmceot64qw6h 166008 166007 2022-08-14T21:30:28Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Tana da yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. Jihar Cross River tana da iyaka da misalin jihohi huɗu ne: [[Abia]], [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] kuma da [[Ebonyi]], == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] m1vrz9clkpj4eoobkc49n46cogxux3m 166009 166008 2022-08-14T21:31:59Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 0vetycu19o7dkp2r87n4v2hea4rumo0 166010 166009 2022-08-14T21:33:38Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ndzs36x6meytsdpa7zjutn9ecsn83rc 166011 166010 2022-08-14T21:35:00Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] aozdn9shunqmrp0mq6r5t54jaqn2rjv 166012 166011 2022-08-14T21:36:35Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]]. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 6fqbaj7b47wy9uz6qdcb8nbi594o63m 166013 166012 2022-08-14T21:38:25Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] p2oblc13e9h506r9v7cp6w3s7cn5amw 166014 166013 2022-08-14T21:40:29Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qqh786iadn3x965zivd9fv3mrjvubi5 166015 166014 2022-08-14T21:41:38Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 8yu8p1ixovm1nvpbbmpcybuqcnn8m9j 166016 166015 2022-08-14T21:44:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4i10qn3hhda70fz4ml46rh70ok5kg50 166017 166016 2022-08-14T21:45:56Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] mj9l5a2v91xsmdhdf2qj7uzpl0ad9l6 166018 166017 2022-08-14T21:47:38Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 5u5pt7cllh7ekoc63pv0f4ths6tu0xp 166019 166018 2022-08-14T21:48:04Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Kananan Hukumomi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] mbl41e6xkp4uui36rfb3ml0l76b7nct 166020 166019 2022-08-14T21:49:30Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 6lhzg1wur28wfhwagg4ttcwo28ou5h9 166021 166020 2022-08-14T21:52:41Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] naee88fepaw48ne48y7slkgntfg3p2c 166022 166021 2022-08-14T21:54:03Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 70pgibpasgdzzy2wzl7e81l82h92r9y 166023 166022 2022-08-14T21:55:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] m6ytwy335nkqx6y91tlclv9mv2ry3kt 166024 166023 2022-08-14T21:58:51Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ts517q7oilw1jsc695zwtjxwt1s6z4j 166025 166024 2022-08-14T22:02:42Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987. Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] mwuu8t4h49hjjnhzkkqz333550iayq7 166026 166025 2022-08-14T22:21:47Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar. Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] cahoqp2ivha0nvvdiewh5yehv0rovyc 166027 166026 2022-08-14T22:22:27Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] pgozhqx6nf13yhbzpxh9gamjsl6wmp6 166028 166027 2022-08-14T22:22:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane. Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] i4vd4mgdbry28m29eal1vrxasu9h7fl 166029 166028 2022-08-14T22:23:36Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] b9hr5wwgiu0bri1roe3dyiggtdphojr 166030 166029 2022-08-14T22:24:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 30w9xhy3ccfd21buae1gdjupkxbkhdw 166031 166030 2022-08-14T22:25:05Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]]. Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] bf2dc1c0kunooju6jqd1a5cro03siqw 166032 166031 2022-08-14T22:25:35Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar. Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] k3k5jixmvlrazxoupa4o5p1zgv6iaqx 166033 166032 2022-08-14T22:25:56Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]]. == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 39z5rgmdmsl2oeh8iursvbxknt8pie8 166034 166033 2022-08-14T22:26:13Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]]. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] g7o33gfl4xaw1n6huaddzd9xnl1spg1 166035 166034 2022-08-14T22:26:33Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Yanayin kasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya. An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4awthhrn3yhqd0iq5aqsznpvikeo7qv 166036 166035 2022-08-14T22:27:05Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] au18j01jt7mm4b1bwin1aj0kovotqt0 166037 166036 2022-08-14T22:27:52Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] nx5nxv49sog863p48l6k8qw1p26gara 166038 166037 2022-08-14T22:31:10Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] aedjkaqfb7mqfbii37jx5scpdltt4u7 166039 166038 2022-08-14T22:32:00Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 7dsffufeoqy2rm2e6ncikjih76768q8 166040 166039 2022-08-14T22:32:43Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Calabar South]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] nir9ljrx3htzqurettigpl0vmmgx5jw 166041 166040 2022-08-14T22:32:58Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Calabar South]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] pdlcwal02f9iyahv710euh0dsjnbcki 166042 166041 2022-08-14T22:33:56Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] hqzcgu3vo88d4xgjbwnuk6l8l0twfi6 166043 166042 2022-08-14T22:34:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] gpqxk18erfmswy154styosjktoev579 166044 166043 2022-08-14T22:35:28Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 68cpshsalrhf7ktcs5csvze9zkgn00o 166045 166044 2022-08-14T22:36:03Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] a4tgw29ro08ax82kb12dvg6xxiu1faf 166046 166045 2022-08-14T22:36:24Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 7c29dby42c59rfgr8bx4j8fhlti9tfy 166047 166046 2022-08-14T22:37:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Tarihi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 9z85tgls9lc8r2nkhpun0fhbe431axe 166048 166047 2022-08-14T22:37:28Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu iri-iri. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ntjyryf3z929kjw5ufedpbn3h8r5ic1 166049 166048 2022-08-14T22:37:44Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 77dleucybpx82dj6fup7aoauwklpog5 166050 166049 2022-08-14T22:37:56Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama.<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] cqy67llfb3t7ptr9fqe3kzbbqkj58tn 166051 166050 2022-08-14T22:38:11Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama.<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] na5yaup88bfqeelkurii2l3vstuv26l 166052 166051 2022-08-14T22:38:59Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Efik people|Efik]], [[Ekoi people|Ejagham]], [[Yakö people|Yakurr]], [[Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 797axoufz82nd0s90ysxp0taf22r65s 166054 166052 2022-08-14T22:43:33Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 43isjmetw2gfhtlk442h7bidjb121l1 166057 166054 2022-08-14T23:16:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 0vf271yk52ni5lhjifqvklyub0ze7wb 166058 166057 2022-08-14T23:17:28Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] c4q2243cy9cebb1a1z5o41rgrveqibp 166059 166058 2022-08-14T23:18:41Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] eafz8n4s5tclqr4mf2lxocebrtwuah2 166061 166059 2022-08-14T23:31:21Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] imypdwq0dauu4h4ij6oqzxq95g5wgsz 166062 166061 2022-08-14T23:32:55Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] fjdhqirxf5jt59zet37mxv8uwc68lov 166063 166062 2022-08-14T23:33:39Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] n5pbhgezkq7910tf1kjulhe8b1f0abo 166064 166063 2022-08-14T23:34:11Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] s562qowwvb0rt48gv0fo25ezqvivzrg 166065 166064 2022-08-14T23:35:29Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] si715l8lpqowq8nct4ul4xjg2j5qp7a 166066 166065 2022-08-14T23:36:35Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] nlhksadsoimjajlxzkdc7o06zc0xopu 166067 166066 2022-08-14T23:37:32Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 1d7zkb7rl36trrzl7d3ciq26vux26va 166068 166067 2022-08-14T23:38:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 9r2hvblmlrtszoh0wx6z4j7tub9yhnd 166070 166068 2022-08-14T23:39:54Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 5g3z7z8mu8z3s0xm8qq22gjfjqqbg2s 166071 166070 2022-08-14T23:42:17Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] o2idp6x0b0hqeveax64jn7p0f08gqee 166072 166071 2022-08-14T23:43:01Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] tvtplyknw2b5p438m4xasgwuprffs6e 166074 166072 2022-08-14T23:43:31Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] igjwiycf8xk695l40utmtly59o8ozsj 166075 166074 2022-08-14T23:44:46Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] fkqn8pfmw6gaw2prcn85bhmvb97d9v1 166077 166075 2022-08-14T23:46:17Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] obvqov12yu8vfsdwupz5qmnqb615h7t 166078 166077 2022-08-14T23:47:13Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 654gatgzbcrrmv4q185sy5wrllthmfm 166079 166078 2022-08-14T23:47:27Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 48i7ywk8k05w0vi6y6kzwo3t6cww8lv 166080 166079 2022-08-14T23:47:52Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] g4viz9qkt4aqi5s29y3y4n9avottuwp 166081 166080 2022-08-14T23:49:00Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jama'a */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] qs1jzgrdstn5qqdy1q80kxmiqavdw3b 166082 166081 2022-08-14T23:49:32Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Harsuna */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 0fp5avg32qlwoge4dj25dmt32qzqwah 166084 166082 2022-08-14T23:55:57Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Harsuna */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar 1 na Asabar din watan Satumban kowacce shekara. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ogbsfxu0pfrcc1683rln2spdaww13ki 166085 166084 2022-08-14T23:56:46Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bukukuwa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] jb3fcjbdwb2b9fwon5nakhlgiyxqw8b 166086 166085 2022-08-14T23:57:01Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bukukuwa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] a7c8m1kg3o2rjwx6r86un76yyecwl99 166087 166086 2022-08-14T23:57:46Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 3adhgm0xlhpvcmqdtnrpfadkk88fwis 166088 166087 2022-08-15T00:01:49Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] iakjus1csyd2v5lqj8cucho3rpfbq2j 166089 166088 2022-08-15T00:02:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar jirgin sama na e [[Margaret Ekpo International Airport]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 81bap1ufw9qh5a98gwer57fw71pel1e 166090 166089 2022-08-15T00:03:25Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar [[Filin jirgin saman Kalaba]]. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 375oz5tpm3x80estvom9hcnc0lv8yik 166091 166090 2022-08-15T00:05:35Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar [[Filin jirgin saman Kalaba]], ana sufurin mutane da kayayyaki zuwa yankun daban daban na kasar. Akwai kuma sauran filayen jirgi kamar su Air peace Airlines, Ibom Air Airlines da kuma na kwanannan Cally Air,wanda Aero Contractors ke gudanar da ita. {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] agx2a0kkyvsvcwtfv2stm3wjll0ugg6 166092 166091 2022-08-15T00:08:08Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Bude Idanu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar [[Filin jirgin saman Kalaba]], ana sufurin mutane da kayayyaki zuwa yankun daban daban na kasar. Akwai kuma sauran filayen jirgi kamar su Air peace Airlines, Ibom Air Airlines da kuma na kwanannan Cally Air,wanda Aero Contractors ke gudanar da ita. ==Ilimi== An fara karatu da harsunan gargajiya a jihar. Makarantu da dama na amfani da harsunan gargjiya a wajen koyarwa a jihar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Key|title=The Rivers Readers project in Nigeria in Bamgbose. A.ed. mother tongue education; the west African experience.|publisher=UNESCO press|year=1976}}</ref> The Tertiary educational institutions in the State includes: * [[Jami'ar Calabar]], * [[Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Jihar Cross River]] * [[College of Health Technology]], [[Calabar]] * [[Ibrahim Babangida College of Agriculture]], [[Obubra]] * Cross River State College of Education wanda ke, [[Akamkpa]] * Federal College of Education, [[Obudu]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fceobudu.edu.ng/ |title=Home |website=fceobudu.edu.ng}}</ref> * Technical College Ugep, [[Yakurr Local Government Area|Yakurr]] * [[Arthur Javis University|Arthur Jarvis University]], [[Akpabuyo]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbte.gov.ng/institutions.html |title=Institutions |publisher=National Board for Technical Education |access-date=2010-03-20}}</ref> {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] jrn6piib7tk5jh8r7ajy5nmi7wgzgek 166093 166092 2022-08-15T00:08:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Ilimi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar [[Filin jirgin saman Kalaba]], ana sufurin mutane da kayayyaki zuwa yankun daban daban na kasar. Akwai kuma sauran filayen jirgi kamar su Air peace Airlines, Ibom Air Airlines da kuma na kwanannan Cally Air,wanda Aero Contractors ke gudanar da ita. ==Ilimi== An fara karatu da harsunan gargajiya a jihar. Makarantu da dama na amfani da harsunan gargjiya a wajen koyarwa a jihar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Key|title=The Rivers Readers project in Nigeria in Bamgbose. A.ed. mother tongue education; the west African experience.|publisher=UNESCO press|year=1976}}</ref> The Tertiary educational institutions in the State includes: * [[Jami'ar Calabar]], * [[Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Jihar Cross River]] * [[College of Health Technology]], [[Calabar]] * [[Ibrahim Babangida College of Agriculture]], [[Obubra]] * Cross River State College of Education wanda ke, [[Akamkpa]] * Federal College of Education, [[Obudu]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fceobudu.edu.ng/ |title=Home |website=fceobudu.edu.ng}}</ref> * Technical College Ugep, [[Yakurr Local Government Area|Yakurr]] * [[Arthur Javis University|Arthur Jarvis University]], [[Akpabuyo]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbte.gov.ng/institutions.html |title=Institutions |publisher=National Board for Technical Education |access-date=2010-03-20}}</ref> == Duba Kuma == *[[Tinapa Resort]] *[[Akwa Akpa]] *[[Cross River language]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] jwxpu83wj81au6dqcfrb7lf8e43azej 166094 166093 2022-08-15T00:09:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Duba Kuma */ wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="240" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="right" |align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Jihar Cross River'''</font><br><font size="1">[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Sunan barkwancin jiha]]: Jihar birnin kwal.</font> |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Wuri |- !align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Nigeria_Cross_River_State_map.png|200px|Wurin Jihar Cross River cikin Nijeriya.]] |- !align="center" bgcolor="#efefef" colspan="3"|Ƙidaya |- |Harsuna|| [[Efik]], [[Ejagham]] da [[Turanci]] | |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin gwamnonin jihohin Nijeriya|Gwamna]]''' |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Benedict Ayade]] ([[People's Democratic Party|PDP]]) |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|An kirkiro ta]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[1967]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Baban birnin jiha]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Calabar]] |- !align="left" valign="top"|[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Iyaka]] |colspan="2" valign="top"|20,156km² |- |align="left" valign="top"|'''[[Jerin jihohin Nijeriya|Mutunci]]''' <br /> 2006 (ƙidayar yawan jama'a) |align="left" valign="top"| <br /> 3,737,517 |- !align="left" valign="top"|'''ISO 3166-2''' |colspan="2" valign="top"| NG-CR |} '''Jihar Cross River''' Jiha ce dake yankin kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]], wacce aka samar daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] a ranar 27 Mayun 1967. Babban birnin jihar itace [[Kalaba|Calabar]], kuma ta hada iyaka da [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] daga arewa, daga yamma da jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]], daga kudu maso yamma da Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]], yayinda iyakokinta na gabas suka hada iyaka da kasar [[Kamaru]].<ref>E.J. Alagoa, Tekena N. Tamuno (1989). ''Land and people of Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> A da anfi saninta da suna Jihar Kudu maso Gabas kafin a canza mata suna a shekarar alif 1976, Jihar Cross River a da ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] ta yau, wacce ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta 1987.<ref name=":0">"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Acikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jerin jihohi 36 dake Nijeriya]], Jihar Akwai Ibom itace ta goma sha tara a fadin kasa, kuma itace ta ashirin da bakwai a [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|yawan jama'a a Najeriya]] tare da kiyasi na kimanin mutum miliyan 3.8 bisa shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin ''Guinean forest–savanna mosaic'' daga kuryar arewacin jihar da kuma ''Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests'' a daukakin yankunan cikin Jihar. Kananun yankunan jihar sun hada da '' Central African mangroves'' daga gafen teku na kurya kudancin jihar a matsayin sashin ''montane Cameroonian Highlands forests'' daga karshen yankin arewa maso arewa maso gabas. Wani muhimmin al'amari na yanayin kasar jihar itace [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta raba cikin garin Cross River biyu kafin ta samar da iyakar yammacin jihar, yayinda take fada wa cikin gabar kogin Cross Riiver. Sauran muhimman ruwayen yankin sune [[Kogin Calaba]] da kuma [[Kogin Great Kwa River|Kogin Great Kwa]] wanda suke gudana daga cikin gari na yankin tsaunukan Oba kafin su hayo ta birnin Calaba kafin sannan su kwarara cikin gabar Kogin Cross River suma. Daga cikin garin kuma akwai dazukan da gwamnati ke kula da su kamarsu: ''Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, da kuma Mbe Mountains Community Forest''. Wadannnan gandun daji suna dauke da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-irin kamar kadoji, biran gorilla da makamantansu.<ref>"Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December2021.</ref><ref>"Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Mbe Mountains". ''[[Wildlife Conservation Society|WCS]] Nigeria''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Jihar Cross River ta yau tana dauke da kabilu da dama na tsawon karni da dama; irinsu [[Mutanen Efik]] dake zaune a yankin kudancin Kogin Calabar; [[Mutanen Ekoi]], dake kudancin cikin gari; [[Akunakuna|Kabilar Akunakuna]], [[Mutanen Boki]], [[Mutanen Bahumono]], da kuma [[Mutanen Yakö]] dake zaune a yankin tsakiyar jihar, da kuma Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, Ukelle (Kukele) dake yankin arewacin jihar. Jihar Cross River ta yau kafin zuwan Turawan mulki mallaka ta rabu zuwa kashi daban daban yayin da wasu ke karkashin "Kungiyar Aro" su kuma kabilar Aro suka hada [[Duke Town|Akwa Akpa]] na (tsohuwa Calabar). Yankin kungiyar Aro ta zamo sashe na mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1884 a matsayin babban birnin yankin mulkin mallaka na Oil River, amma turawa basu gama samun cikakke iko a yankin ba sai a shekarar 1900. A wannan lokacin ne har wayau aka hade wannan yankin (wacce aka sake wa suna zuwa "Niger Coast Protectorate") acikin Yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Kudan in Najeriya wacce daga baya ta zamo Najeriya ta Birtaniya. Bayan an hade yankunan Kasar, mafi akasarin Jihar Cross River ta fada karkashin yankunan da suka bijirewa mulkin mallaka na turawa da kuma "rikicin mata" da kuma cinikayya ta hanyar tashar kasa da kasa dake Calabar.<ref>"Calabar". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Amedi, E. (1982). ''Ethics in Nigerian culture''. Heinemann.</ref> Bayan Najeriya samun 'yancin kai a 1960, mafi akasarin yankunan Jihar Cross River ta yau na daga cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kwanaki kadan bayan haka ne yankin Inyamurai na gabas suka janyo [[Yakin basasar Najeriya]] wanda aka kwashe tsawon shekaru uku ana gwabzawa, a kokarinsu na samar da kasa mai zaman kanta na [[Biyafara]]; Anyi tarzoma sosai a yankin tashar jirgin ruwa na Calabar ([[Operation Tiger Claw]]), yayi da sojojin Biyafara sukai ta kwashe asalin mutanen Cross River saboda su ba Inyamurai bane.<ref>Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". ''Journal of Retracing Africa''. '''1'''(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Bayan yakin basasar, bayan an hade yankin cikin Kasar Najeriya, jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River.<ref>Kiebel, C.B. (1976). ''Juju belief and practice in Nigeria: Rivers State''.</ref> Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an sake raba yankin yammacin jihar inda aka ƙirƙiri sabuwa Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]].<ref name=":0" /> Jihar a da ta ƙunshi yanki mai arzikin man fetur na [[Bakassi]] amma daga baya an mika ta zuwa ga Kasar [[Kamaru]] a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya ta [[Yarjejeniyar "Greentree Agreement"]]. Kasancewar cewa akwai yankunan da ake noma a jihar, tattalin arzikin Jihar sun ta'allakane ta wani fannin akan noman cocoyam, roba, manja, doya, cocoa, kashuw da ayabar plantain da kuma kamun kifi. Sauran muhimman harkoki sun hada da yawon bude idanu a yankunan tarihi, bikin Calabar Carnival, wurin shakwatawa na tsibiri Obudu. Jihar Cross River na da itace ta goma sha uku acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] sannan akwai ma yan makarantu na gaba da sakandare a jihar.<ref>"Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". ''BBC News''. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Jiha nada yawan filin kasa kimanin kilomita araba’i 20,156 da yawan jama’a milyan uku da dubu dari bakwai da talatin da bakwai da dari biyar da sha bakwai (ƙidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2006). Babban birnin jahar ita ce [[Calabar]]. [[Benedict Ayade]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Ivara Esu]]. Dattijan jihar sun hada da: [[Gershom Bassey]], [[Rose Okoji Oko]] da [[John Enoh]].<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == Jihar Cross River ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Kogin Cross River (Najeriya)|Kogin Cross River]] wacce ta rasa ta tsakiyar jihar. Jiha ce dake gaɓar teku a yankin [[Niger Delta]], kuma ta mamaye fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 20,156kmsq. Jihar ta hada iyaka da jihar [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] daga arewa, jihohin [[Ebonyi]] da [[Abiya]] daga yamma, daga gabas kuwa da gundumar [[Sud-Ouest Province, Cameroon|Sud-Ouest]] na Kasar Kamaru, sannan daga kudu kuwa da jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Tekun Atalanta]].<ref>Andem, A. B; Udofia, U. U; Okorafor, K. A; George, U. U (11 August 2013). "Bioaccumulation of some Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon (THC) in the Tissues of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus Var Radula) in the Intertidal Regions of Qua Iboe River Basin, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". ''Greener Journal of Biological Sciences''. '''3''' (7): 258–264. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.15580/gjbs.2013.7.072913762. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2276-7762.</ref> Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 18 a jihar. === Kananan Hukumomi === Jihar Cross River tanada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha bakwai (17). Sune: * [[Abi]] * [[Akamkpa]] * [[Akpabuyo]] * [[Bakassi]] * [[Bekwarra]] * [[Biase]] * [[Boki]] * [[Etung]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Kalabar Municipal]] * [[Kalabar ta Kudu]] * [[Obanliku]] * [[Obubra]] * [[Obudu]] * [[Odukpani]] * [[Ogoja]] * [[Yakuur]] * [[Yala]] == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Kudu maso Kudancin Najeriya a ranar 27 Mayu 1967, daga tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]], a lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaba kasa [[Yakubu Gowon|Gen. Yakubu Gowon]]. An canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976 a lokacin mulkin soja na Gen. [[Murtala Mohammed]] daga Yankin Kudu maso Gashin Najeriya.<ref>Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). ''A Constitutional History of Nigeria''. C. Hurst and Co LTD, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780905838793|<bdi>9780905838793</bdi>]].</ref> An cire Jihar [[Akwa Ibom]] daga ciki ta bisa ga sabon tsarin jihohi da aka fidda a watan Satumban 1987 na lokacin mulkin shubagan kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]].<ref>"Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Gwarmayar samar da sabbin jihohi ta soma a shekarar 1980, a lokacin mulkin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]], a yayin da sanata [[Joseph Oqua Ansa]](MON) mai wakiltar mazabar Calabar na kan iko. Babban birnin jihar itace Calabar. Muhimman biranenta sun hada da [[Akamkpa|Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa]], [[Biase]], [[Kalabar ta Kudu]], [[Ikom]], [[Igede]], [[Obubra]], [[Odukpani]], [[Ogoja]], Bekwarra, [[Ugep]], [[Obudu]], [[Obanliku]], [[Akpabuyo]], Ofutop, Iso-bendghe, Danare, [[Boki, Nigeria|Boki]], [[Yala, Nigeria|Yala]], Bendeghe Ekiem, Etomi, [[Ediba]], Itigidi, [[Ugep]], Ukpe da kuma [[Ukelle]].<ref>"Cross River State, Nigeria". ''Maryland Sister States''. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref> Shugabanni da dama sun jagoranta jihar wanda suka hada da: Udoakaha J. Esuene, Paul Omu, Tunde Elegbede, [[Clement Isong]], Donald Etiebet, [[Dan Archibong|Daniel Archibong]], Ibim Princewill, Ernest Atta, Clement Ebri, Ibrahim Kefas, Gregory Agboneni, Umar Faoruk Ahmed, Christopher Osondu, [[Donald Duke]], [[Liyel Imoke]] da kujma [[Benedict Ayade]]. Gwamna mai ci shine [[Benedict Ayade]], wanda aka rantsar a ranar 29 Mayun 2015. An sake zabar sa a karo na biyu a zaben shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. == Jama'a == Jihar ta hada kabilu da dama,<ref>"List of Tribes in Cross River State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Cross River | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> wanda suka hada da e [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]], [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ejagham]], [[Mutanen Yakö|Yakurr]], [[Mutanen Bahumono|Bahumono]], Bette, Yala, [[Igede]], [[Ukelle]] da kuma kabilar Bekwarra da dai sauransu. Akwai muhimman harsuna hudu da akafi amfani dasu a jihar, Faransanci, Efik, Bekwarra, da kuma Ejagham. Ana amfani da harshen [[Mutanen Efik]] a kowanne sashi na jihar, musamman a garuruwan Calabar Municipality, Calabar ta kudu, Akpabuyo, Bakassi, Akampkpa, Biase, da kuam Odukpani. Akwai kuma harshen Jagham wanda ake amfani dashi a duk fadin Jihar Cross River. Mafi akasarin masu magana da harshen Efik na zaune ne a yankin mazabar Kudancin Cross River, ko kamar yadda akafi saninta da gundumar ''Greater Calabar,'' wacce ta hada da kananan hukumomin Calabar Municipality, Calabar South, Bakassi, Biase, Akpabuyo, Odukpani, da kuma Akamkpa. Har wayau, akwai kuma shugaban mutanen Qua a Calabar, wadanda ke magana da harshen Ejagham. Kabilar Ejagham ta asali sun mamaye yankunan Calabar Municipality, Odukpani, Biase da kuma Akampkpa na Jihar Cross River. Haka zalika kuma, akwai kabilun Yakurr/Agoi/Bahumono a kananan hukumomin Yakurr da Abi, yayinda su kuma Mbembe ake samunsu a karamar hukumar Obubra. Daga can tsakiyar arewacin jihar kuma akwai harsuna da dama da suka hada da; Etung, Olulumo, Ofutop, Nkim/Nkum, Abanajum, Nseke da kuma [[Boki people|Boki]] duka a kananan hukumomin Ikom, Etung da Boki. Har ila yau ana samun mutanen Yala/Yache, Igede, Ukelle, Ekajuk, Mbube, Bette, Bekwarra da kuma Utukwang a yankunan Ogoja, Yala, Obudu da Obanliku da kuma karamar hukumar Bekwarra. Yaren Yala sun kasance wani reshe na yaren Idoma, daga cikin reshen Yala kuwa akwai mutanen Igede wanda ake zaton sunyi kaura daga Oju na Jihar [[Benue]], da Ora, na Jihar [[Edo]]. Yaren Bekwarra na daya daga cikin harsuna da akafi amfani dasu a Jihar Cross River. har sauran yaruka na yankin na fahimtar yaren. Ana amfani da wannen harshe tare da sauran harsuna irinsu Efik da Ejagham a wajen watsa labarai a tashohin rediyo da na telebijin na jihar. Duk da rabe-raben harsuna daban daban na jihar, dukkannin wadanna harsuna sun samo asali ne daga Yarukan Niger-Congo. Daga karshe, A jihar ake gudanar da bikin Carnival mafi girma a [[Afirka]].<ref>"25 Interesting Facts About Cross River State". 17 July 2020.</ref><ref>"Cross River State History, LGA & Senatorial Districts". ''Aziza Goodnews''. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.</ref> ==Harsuna== Harsunan Cross River dangane da kananan hukumomin da ake amfani dasu sun hada da:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | Abi ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[humono language|Humono]]; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Akamkpa ||[[Agoi language|Agoi]]; [[Bakpinka language|Bakpinka]]; [[Uyanga language|Doko-Uyanga]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Lubila language|Lubila]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Akpet language|Ukpet-Ehom]]; Ejagham; [[Kiong language|Kiong]]; [[Dorop language|Korop]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]]; [[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Bekwarra ||[[Bekwarra language|Bekwarra]]; [[Tiv language|Tiv]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]] |- | Biase ||[[Gwune language|Agwagwune]]; [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Ubaghara language|Ubaghara]]; [[Ukwa language|Ukwa]];[[Umon language|Umon]] |- | Boki ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Bokyi language|Bokyi]] |- | Calabar ||[[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]] |- | Ikom || [[Efik language|Efik]]; [[Jagham language|Ejagham]]; [[Abanyom language|Abanyom]]; Bukpe; [[Futop language|Efutop]]; [[Mbembe language|Mbembe]],; [[Nde-Nsele-Nta language|Nde-Nsele-Nta]]; [[Ndoe language|Ndoe]]; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; [[Nnam language|Nnam]]; [[Ikom language|Olulumo-Ikom]]; Yala |- | Obanliku ||[[Bete-Bendi language|Bete-Bendi]]; [[Evant language|Evant]]; [[Iceve-Maci language|Iceve-Maci]]; [[Obanliku language|Obanliku]]; [[Otank language|Otank]]; Tiv |- | Obubra || Agoi; [[Humono language|Hohumono]]; Legbo; [[Nyima language|Lenyima]]; [[Yigha language|Leyigha]]; Lokaa; Mbembe; [[Nkukoli language|Nkukoli]]; Yala; Ikwo-Igbo |- | Obudu || Bete-Bendi; Bukpe; [[Bumaji language|Bumaji]]; Elege; Tiv; [[Ubang language|Ubang]]; [[Putukwam language|Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike]]; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Odukpani || [[Efik language|Efik]]; Ejagham; Idere; Kiong; Korop; Odut; Usaghade |- | Ogoja || Ekajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe; [[Efik language|Efik]] |- | Yakurr || Lokaah; Agoi, Asiga |- | Yala || Izii-Igbo; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle |} Other languages spoken in Cross State are Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, and Okobo.<ref name=e22/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Kay|title=Languages of Niger Delta|year=1968|pages=124–130}}</ref> ==Bukukuwa== Bukukuwa da ake gudanarwa a Jihar Cross River sun hada da: *Bikin Kirismeti na Jihar Cross River – 1 December to 31 December annually<ref>{{Cite web|title=Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria|url=http://www.nigeria-direct.com/activity/be-part-of-the-famous-cross-river-state-christmas-festival#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20spectacular%20occasion,and%20celebrate%20its%20African%20heritage.|access-date=2021-12-15|website=www.nigeria-direct.com}}</ref> *Bikin Carnival Float na Jihar Cross River – 26 and 27 December yearly *Bikin Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually *Bikin Calabar Boat Regata *Bikin Anong Bahumono Festival wanda ake gudanarwa a Kauyen Anong, inda ake raye-raye iri-iri, wanda suka hada da Ikpobin (wanda ake dauka matsayin rawa na nishadi a jihar), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei da kuma Eta<ref>{{Cite web|title=Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Rivers/Festivals-Carnivals-Rivers-State.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> *[[Ediba]] Bikin Bahumono Festival wandaake gudanarwa a Kauyen [[Ediba]] Duk ranar [[Asabar]] ta karshen kowanne watan [[Juli]] *Bikin Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wanda ake gudanarwa a duk ranar Asabar ta farko na watan Satumban kowacce shekara. == Bude Idanu == [[File:Boshi extension, Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park.3.jpg|300px|thumb|Cross River National Park]] Wuraren bude idanu a jihar sun hada da: Waterfalls of Agbokim, Kogin Calabar, Tinapa Business Resort, Calabar Marina, Calabar Residency Museum da Calabar Slave Park, Ikom Monoliths, Mary Slessor Tomb, Calabar Drill Monkey Sanctuary, Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain walkway canopy, Kwa falls, Agbokim waterfalls, Tinapa Business Resort, titin jirgin kasa na Mono da kuma bikin shekara-shekara Calabar Carnival da ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin kirismeti. Za'a iya riskar Jihar Cross River ta tashar [[Filin jirgin saman Kalaba]], ana sufurin mutane da kayayyaki zuwa yankun daban daban na kasar. Akwai kuma sauran filayen jirgi kamar su Air peace Airlines, Ibom Air Airlines da kuma na kwanannan Cally Air,wanda Aero Contractors ke gudanar da ita. ==Ilimi== An fara karatu da harsunan gargajiya a jihar. Makarantu da dama na amfani da harsunan gargjiya a wajen koyarwa a jihar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Willamson|first=Key|title=The Rivers Readers project in Nigeria in Bamgbose. A.ed. mother tongue education; the west African experience.|publisher=UNESCO press|year=1976}}</ref> The Tertiary educational institutions in the State includes: * [[Jami'ar Calabar]], * [[Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Jihar Cross River]] * [[College of Health Technology]], [[Calabar]] * [[Ibrahim Babangida College of Agriculture]], [[Obubra]] * Cross River State College of Education wanda ke, [[Akamkpa]] * Federal College of Education, [[Obudu]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fceobudu.edu.ng/ |title=Home |website=fceobudu.edu.ng}}</ref> * Technical College Ugep, [[Yakurr Local Government Area|Yakurr]] * [[Arthur Javis University|Arthur Jarvis University]], [[Akpabuyo]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbte.gov.ng/institutions.html |title=Institutions |publisher=National Board for Technical Education |access-date=2010-03-20}}</ref> == Duba Kuma == *[[Tinapa Resort]] *[[Akwa Akpa]] *[[Cross River language]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cross River}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] jwskeocqhopw00hxevurug5xca46t9w 0 6667 165998 157541 2022-08-14T21:04:15Z Saudarh2 14842 Inganta shafi wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Moses''' (an haife shi ne a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta 1990) ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger a kowane gefe na ƙungiyar Spartak Moscow ta Rasha. An kuma tura shi a matsayin mai tsaron baya a wasu lokuta a lokacin aikinsa. Moses ya fara aikinsa a gasar zakarun Turai tare da Crystal Palace, kafin wasansa ya kama idon Wigan Athletic, inda ya fara buga gasar Premier a shekara ta 2010. Bayan shekaru biyu, wasansa ya inganta, har ta kai ga zakarun Turai Chelsea suna sha'awarsa, kuma ya sanya hannu a kan su a lokacin rani na shekarar 2012. Duk da kwallaye goma a duk gasa a kakar wasa ta farko, ya shafe kakar wasa ta biyu a aro zuwa [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]], na uku a aro a Stoke City da na hudu a aro a West Ham United. An sake kiran Moses a Chelsea a kakar wasa ta shekarar 2016 zuwa 2017, inda ya buga wasanni (34) yayin da Chelsea ta lashe gasar Premier. Bayan da ya kasa taka rawar gani a yakin neman zabe na gaba, Musa ya ci gaba da zaman lamuni tare da Fenerbahçe, Inter Milan da Spartak Moscow a cikin yanayi masu zuwa. An haife shi a Najeriya, Moses ya wakilci tawagar matasan Ingila a matakin 'yan kasa da shekaru( 16), da 'yan kasa da shekaru (17), 'yan kasa da shekaru (19) da kuma 'yan kasa da shekaru( 21), amma ya zabi buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa sabanin kasancewarsa cikakken dan taka leda a Ingila. Ya buga wasansa na farko a babbar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 2012, kuma ya buga wasanni( 38) kuma ya zura kwallaye (12) kafin ya yi ritaya daga buga wasannin kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018,Ya taka leda a kamfen na cin nasara a Najeriya a gasar cin kofin Afrika na shekarar 2013, da kuma kamfen a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FiFA a shekara ta 2014, da kuma [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta shekarar 2018|gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2018]]. == Aikin kulob/ƙungiya == === Rayuwar farko da aiki === An haifi Musa a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Nigeria, ɗan wani Fastone Kirista. A lokacin da yake dan shekara( 11), an kashe iyayensa a rikicin addini a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], lokacin da masu tarzoma suka mamaye gidansu. Moses yana buga kwallon kafa a titi a lokacin. Bayan mako guda, bayan abokansa sun boye shi, danginsa sun biya shi zuwa Burtaniya don neman mafaka. An sanya shi tare da dangin reno a Kudancin London. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Stanley Technical (yanzu ana kiranta Harris Academy) a Kudancin Norwood. An yi masa kallon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a gasar Tandridge na gida don Cosmos (90) FC, Crystal Palace ta matso kusa da shi, tare da filin wasa na kulob din Selhurst Park a titin kusa da makarantarsa. <ref name="Independent1" /> An ba da wuri a makarantar Eagles, Palace ta ba shi shawarar zuwa makarantar Whitgift mai biyan kuɗi a Croydon, inda tsohon dan wasan [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] da [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] Colin Pates ke horar da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta makaranta. Musa dai ya fara yin fice ne a shekaru (14), bayan ya zura kwallaye( 50) a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru (14) ta Palace. Yin wasa na tsawon shekaru uku a duka Whitgift da Palace, Musa ya zira kwallaye a raga fiye da (100), tare da taimakawa Whitgift lashe gasar cin kofin makaranta da yawa, ciki har da gasar cin kofin kasa inda Musa ya zira kwallaye biyar a wasan karshe da Healing School of Grimsby a filin wasa na Walkers, Leicester. === Crystal Palace === Musa ya buga wasansa na farko a Palace yana da shekaru (16) a ranar (6) ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta (2007), a wasan da suka tashi( 1-1), da Cardiff City a gasar Championship. Ya ci gaba da zama a gefe sannan ya zira kwallonsa na farko a ranar( 12), ga watan Maris a shekara ta( 2008), a wasan da suka tashi (1-1), da West Bromwich Albion. Gabaɗaya, Musa ya taka leda sau( 16) a cikin shekarar (2007 zuwa20 08), yayin da Palace ta kai ga gasar zakarun Turai inda suka yi rashin nasara a hannun Bristol City. A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, ya rattaba hannu kan sabon kwantiragi a Selhurst Park, abin da ya farantawa kociyan Neil Warnock, wanda ya bayyana cewa, "Sa hannun Victor babban juyin mulki ne ga kulob din; Na gaya wa Victor zai iya tafiya kamar yadda ya dace. yana so. A kullum yana samun ci gaba kuma na ji dadin sanya hannu kan wannan yarjejeniya domin shi dan wasa ne wanda zai kara karfi.” Musa ya ci sau biyu a wasanni (32) a shekara ta (2008zuwa2009), yayin da Palace ta yi yakin neman zabe, inda ya kare a matsayi na (15). A cikin shekara ta (2009zuwa2010), Musa ya ci gaba da cin kwallaye shida a wasanni takwas amma Palace yana fama da matsalolin kudi kuma kulob din ya shiga gwamnati a cikin watan Janairu a shekara ta ( 2010). === Wigan Athletic === A ranar ƙarshe na Janairu a shekara ta (2010), ya kammala canja wurin( £ 2.5), miliyan zuwa Wigan Athletic ta Premier bayan Palace ta shiga cikin gwamnati. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta (2010), a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsu da Sunderland a wasan da suka tashi (1-1). A ranar (20) a watan Maris a shekara ta ( 2010), Moses ya zo a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Burnley kuma ya sami taimakonsa na farko ga kulob din, inda ya kafa Hugo Rodallega don cin nasara lokacin rauni. Ya zira kwallo ta farko a Wigan a ranar( 3), ga watan Mayu a shekara ta (2010), da Hull City. Musa ya sami raunin biyu a farkon kakar (2010zuwa2011), kuma ya sami wahalar dawo da shi cikin rukunin farko saboda karuwar gasa ga wurare. Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar bana a ranar (13), ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta( 2010), a ci (1-0), da West Bromwich Albion. Bayan tafiyar winger Charles N'Zogbia, Musa ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun don Wigan a kakar shekara ta (2011zuwa2012). A ranar (10), ga watan Disamba a shekara ta (2011), ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa a kan West Brom&nbsp;– kwallonsa ta farko tun bayan da ya zura kwallo daya a ragar kungiyar a kakar wasan data gabata. === Chelsea === ==== 2012-13 kakar ==== [[File:Victor_Moses_Fabio_Santos_2012_FIFA_Club_World_Cup.jpg|thumb| Moses da Fábio Santos na Corinthians a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2012 na FIFA]] A ranar( 23), ga watan Agusta a shekara ta (2012), Wigan ta karɓi tayi na biyar daga [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] bayan sun hadu da farashin Wigan bayan tayin hudu da ba su yi nasara ba a baya. An ba dan wasan izinin yin magana da Chelsea. A ranar( 24), ga watan Agusta, Chelsea ta sanar da cewa an kammala cinikin Moses. Moses ya buga wasansa na farko a Chelsea lokacin da ya fito a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa da abokan hamayyarsa West London Queens Park Rangers a ranar( 15), ga watan Satumba. Moses ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Chelsea lokacin da ya fara gasar cin kofin League da Wolverhampton Wanderers kuma ya ci kwallonsa ta farko bayan mintuna (71) a wasan da aka tashi (6-0) a Blues. Musa ya fara wasansa na farko na gasar zakarun Turai da Nordsjælland. A ranar (31) ga watan Oktoba, an zabi Musa dan wasan da ya fi fice a karawar da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a gasar cin kofin League, wasan da Chelsea ta ci (5-4). A ranar (3), ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta ( 2012), Moses ya ci wa Chelsea kwallonsa ta farko a gasar Premier a wasan da suka yi da Swansea City, wanda ya tashi (1-1). Kwanaki hudu bayan haka, ya zira kwallon farko a gasar zakarun Turai a Chelsea a kan Shakhtar Donetsk; Moses ne ya maye gurbin Oscar a minti na (79), sannan kuma ya ci kwallon da Juan Mata ya yi saura dakika( 3-2). A ranar( 5) ga watan Janairu a shekara ta ( 2013), Musa ya buɗe tarihinsa na zira kwallaye na shekara tare da tuƙi mai ƙarfi a cikin kusurwar ƙasa yayin da yake wasa a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA da Southampton, yayin da Chelsea ta zo daga (1-0), a baya don doke Saints( 1–5). Moses ya ci wa Chelsea kwallonsa ta farko a gasar cin kofin Europa a wasan da suka doke Rubin Kazan da ci( 3-1) a gida, sannan kuma na biyu a fafatawar da suka yi bayan mako guda. Ya ci gaba da taka rawar gani a gasar ta hanyar zura kwallo ta farko a wasan da suka doke Basel da ci (1-2), a waje a ranar (25) ga watan Afrilu. Ya kuma zira kwallaye a wasan baya da Basel lokacin da Blues ta ci( 3-1) a gida kuma sun tabbatar da shiga gasar cin kofin Europa League, wasan da Musa bai buga ba amma duk da haka Blues ta ci Benfica( 2-1). [[Amsterdam]] ranar( 15), ga watan Mayu. ==== 2013-14 kakar: Lamuni ga Liverpool ==== A ranar( 2), ga watan Satumba a shekara( 2013), Musa ya rattaba hannu kan [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon kakar wasa. Ya zura kwallo a wasansa na farko a ranar ( 16), ga watan Satumba a karawar da Swansea City suka yi (2-2). A ranar( 25) ga watan Janairu a shekara ta( 2014), ya zira kwallaye na farko na nasara (2-0), da AFC Bournemouth a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. Saboda nau'i na Raheem Sterling a lokacin kakar( 2013zuwa2014), Musa ya sami damar da wuya ya zo ta karkashin Brendan Rodgers, yana wasa wasanni (22), wanda kawai tara aka fara. ==== 2014-15 kakar: Lamuni ga Stoke City ==== A ranar( 16), ga watan Agusta a shekara ta( 2014), Musa ya koma Stoke City a matsayin aro don kakar a shekara ta (2014zuwa2015) . Ya buga wasansa na farko a gasar Premier a Stoke City a ranar( 30), ga Agusta a wasan da suka ci [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] (1-0). A wasan da Stoke ta doke Newcastle United da ci (1-0) a ranar (29) ga watan Satumba, Moses ne ya taimaka wa Peter Crouch ya zura kwallo daya tilo da ya zura kuma an zabe shi a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa taka leda saboda rawar da ya taka. A ranar (19), ga watan Oktoba, a cikin nasara( 2-1) da Swansea City, Musa ya samu bugun fanariti bayan ya sauka a karkashin kalubale daga Àngel Rangel; bayan kammala wasan, kocin Swansea Garry Monk ya yi ikirarin cewa Moses ya nutse. ''Masanin wasan Match of the Day 2'' John Hartson shi ma ya yi ikirarin cewa Musa ya yi magudi, amma daga baya ya nemi gafarar Musa kan kalaman nasa. Musa ya ci wa Stoke kwallonsa ta farko a ranar( 1) ga watan Nuwamba a wasan da suka tashi( 2-2) da West Ham United. Ya samu rauni a cinyarsa a karawar da suka yi da Burnley a ranar( 22) ga watan Nuwamba wanda hakan ya sa ba zai yi jinyar makonni takwas ba. A ranar (17), ga watan Janairu a shekara ta ( 2015), Musa ya koma farkon layin farko da Leicester City, wanda ya ƙare a nasarar (1-0) ga Stoke. A ranar (21) ga watan Fabrairu, Moses ya zura bugun fanareti na mintuna (90) don samun nasara kan Stoke da ci (2-1) a kan abokan hamayyar Midlands Aston Villa a Villa Park. Ya kuma zura kwallo a ragar Everton da ci( 2-0) a ranar( 4) ga watan Maris. Yayin da André Schürrle da [[Muhammad Salah|Mohamed Salah]] suka fice na dindindin kuma a matsayin aro, an bayyana cewa kocin Chelsea [[José Mourinho]] ya yi yunkurin dawo da Moses daga Stoke a tsakiyar kakar wasa, sai dai dan wasan ya ki amincewa da komawarsa. Moses ya samu rauni ne a kafarsa a lokacin da yake wasa da West Ham ranar( 11) ga watan Afrilu, wanda hakan ya sa ba zai yi jinya ba a sauran kakar wasa ta bana. ==== 2015-16 kakar: Lamuni ga West Ham United ==== [[File:West_Ham_United_Vs_Manchester_City_(24366292089).jpg|right|thumb| Moses a kan kwallon a lokacin aronsa da West Ham United, yana wasa da [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] a 2016]] Bayan nasarar kakar wasa a matsayin aro tare da Stoke, Musa ya koma Blues kuma ya buga wasanni a cikin dukkanin wasannin preseason guda hudu kuma ya zira kwallo daya, da [[Paris Saint-Germain|Paris Saint-Germain FC]] Musa ya fara bayyanarsa gasa tun dawowarsa( 2) ga watan Agusta a shekara ta ( 2015). da [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] a gasar Community Shield lokacin da ya maye gurbin John Terry a minti na (82) Wasan dai ya kare da Chelsea da ci( 1-0). An kuma saka Moses a benci a wasan farko na kakar bana da Swansea City, ko da yake bai buga wasan ba, inda Chelsea ta tashi (2-2). A ranar (1), ga watan Satumba a shekara ta (2015), Moses ya koma West Ham United a kan aro na tsawon kakar wasa. Kafin ya koma West Ham United a matsayin aro, Moses ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwantiragin shekaru hudu, wanda zai ci gaba da zama a Chelsea har zuwa shekara ta( 2019). Moses ya fara buga wasansa na farko a West Ham a ranar( 14) ga watan Satumba a wasan da suka doke Newcastle United da ci (2-0), inda aka ba shi kyautar dan wasan. A wasansa na biyu, ranar( 19), ga watan Satumba a waje da Manchester City, Moses ya ci wa West Ham kwallo daya tilo da ya ci, a ci (1-2). A ranar( 5), ga watan Disamba, yayin wasa da Manchester United, Moses ya samu rauni a kafarsa, wanda hakan ya sa ba zai yi jinya ba har zuwa watan Fabrairu. A watan Afrilu, an bayyana cewa yarjejeniyar aro ita ma tana da zabin mayar da tafiyar dindindin a karshen kakar wasa ta bana, amma West Ham ta yanke shawarar yin watsi da zabin. ==== 2016-17 kakar ==== [[File:Leicester_0_Chelsea_3_(31510599933).jpg|right|thumb| Moses ''(tsakiyar)'' tare da abokin wasan kasar ''Wilfred Ndidi'' (dama) yana bugawa Chelsea wasa da zakarun Leicester City, a shekara ta (2017). ]] Bayan ya burge sabon koci Antonio Conte a lokacin preseason, Moses ya kasance cikin tawagar farko. A ranar (15) ga watan Agusta a shekara ta ( 2016), Musa ya buga wasansa na farko na gasar Chelsea a cikin shekaru uku, yana fitowa daga benci don Eden Hazard da West Ham United a ci (2-1). A ranar( 23), ga watan Agusta, Moses ya fara buga wasansa na farko kuma ya ci kwallonsa ta farko tun bayan dawowar sa, a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin EFL da kungiyar Bristol Rovers da ci (3–2). Bayan rashin nasara a gasar La Liga, Conte ya koma cikin tsari( 3–4–3) tare da Musa yana taka leda a matsayin mai [[Mai buga baya|tsaron baya]] a wasan da suka yi da Hull City. Kwallon da ya yi a matsayin mai tsaron baya ya taimaka wa Chelsea da ci( 2-0), sannan kuma ya ba shi kyautar gwarzon dan wasan. A ranar (15) ga watan Oktoba a shekara ta(2016), Musa ya zira kwallonsa ta biyu a gasar kakar wasa a kan Leicester City a ci( 3-0), a gida. A ranar( 26) ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta (2016), Moses ya ci kwallon da suka yi nasara a wasan da suka doke Tottenham da ci (2-1), kuma an ba shi kyautar gwarzon dan wasan. Moses ya buga wa Chelsea wasanni (40) a dukkan gasa a kakar wasa ta shekarar (2016zuwa2017), inda ya ci kwallaye hudu. Yayin da Chelsea ta lashe kofin Premier, Moses ya zama dan wasan Najeriya da ya fi yawan buga gasar Premier a kungiyar da ta lashe kofin. Moses ya yi taka tsan-tsan a lokacin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na shekara ta( 2017), da Arsenal ta yi rashin nasara da ci( 2-1) . Bayan an kama shi da laifin keta da Danny Welbeck a baya, an ba shi booking karo na biyu, wanda ya haifar da jan kati, bayan da ya nutse a bugun fanareti. Ya zama dan wasa na biyar da aka kora a wasan karshe na cin kofin FA. An buga wasan ne kwanaki biyar bayan harin bam da aka kai a filin wasa na Manchester inda mutane( 23) galibi yara kanana suka mutu. Chelsea dai ba ta sanya bakaken rigar hannu ba a lokacin wasan da suka buga na farko amma a lokacin wasan na biyu. Sai kuma Musa a yayin da ya ke fita daga filin wasan ya cire nasa ya jefar da shi a kasa, lamarin da ya haifar da cece-ku-ce a shafukan sada zumunta, inda da dama ke zarginsa da rashin girmama wadanda suka rasa rayukansu. ==== 2017 zuwa 2018 kakar ==== Moses scored the opening goal in the 2017 FA Community Shield, which Chelsea lost to rivals Arsenal on penalties. ==== Lokacin 2018 zuwa 2019: Lamuni ga Fenerbahçe ==== A watan Janairun a shekara ta (2019), Moses ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na watanni goma sha takwas da kungiyar Fenerbahce ta Turkiyya. A ranar (1), ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta ( 2019) , Musa ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a gasar kakar wasa don Fenerbahçe a ci( 2–0), da Göztepe. ==== kakar 2019-20: Lamuni ga Inter Milan ==== Bayan da aka gajarta yarjejeniyar Fenerbahce, Moses ya rattaba hannu kan Inter Milan kan yarjejeniyar lamuni ta watanni shida tare da zabin siye a ranar( 23), ga watan Janairu( 2020). Ya kasance daya daga cikin tsoffin 'yan wasan Premier na uku da suka shiga Inter Milan a cikin taga na Janairu, tare da Ashley Young da Christian Eriksen. Ya fara buga wa kulob din wasa ne a ranar( 29) ga watan Janairu, inda ya zo a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Antonio Candreva a karo na biyu a wasan da suka doke Fiorentina da ci( 2-1) a gida a gasar Coppa Italia ta kusa da karshe. Ya buga wasansa na farko na gasar ne kwanaki kadan bayan, a ranar( 2), ga watan Fabrairu, yana farawa a dama a cikin nasara( 2-0), a Udinese. ==== Lokacin 2020-21: Lamuni zuwa Spartak Moscow ==== A ranar( 15) ga watan Octoba a shekara( 2020), Moses ya koma kulob din Spartak Moscow na Premier League kan aro na tsawon kakar wasa tare da zabin siye. Bayan kwana biyu a ranar (17) ga watan Oktoba, ya fara buga wa kulob din wasa daga benci a wasan da suka yi waje da Khimki da ci( 3–2). A ranar( 24) ga watan Oktoba, ya fara bayyanarsa a matsayin mafari kuma ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Spartak a wasan da suka tashi (3–1), da Krasnodar. A ranar (16) ga watan Mayu a shekara ta (2021), ya zira kwallaye a makare a wasan Premier na Rasha na shekara ta (2020zuwa2021) na karshe da FC Akhmat Grozny don kafa maki na karshe na (2-2). Makin da Spartak ya samu ya tabbatar da matsayi na( 2) da shiga zagayen neman cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai ga kulob din. === Spartak Moscow === A ranar( 2) ga watan Yuli a shekara ta( 2021), Chelsea ta tabbatar da cewa Musa ya kammala canja wuri na dindindin zuwa Spartak Moscow, wanda ya kawo karshen shekaru tara tare da kulob din. Spartak ya sanar a wannan rana cewa ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da kungiyar. A ranar (10) ga watan Fabrairu( 2022), Musa ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da Spartak zuwa (2024). == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == === Ingila === ==== U16 da U17 matakin ==== Duk da cewa Musa ya fito ne daga Kaduna, Najeriya, da farko ya zabi ya wakilci kasarsa ta Ingila, wanda ya taka leda a tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru( 16) , inda ya lashe Garkuwan Nasara a( 2005) da kuma 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 . Ya yi tafiya tare da tawagar zuwa gasar zakarun Turai (U-17 na shekarar2007), a Belgium, inda ya zira kwallaye uku (ciki har da kwallo daya tilo a wasan kusa da na karshe da Faransa ) don taimakawa bangaren John Peacock zuwa wasan karshe, inda suka kasance da kyar. Spain ta doke su da ci daya, ko da yake Musa ya yi nasarar kammala gasar a matsayin wanda ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar kuma ya karbi kyautar takalmin zinare don yin hakan.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2022}} A wannan lokacin rani, tawagar ta tafi [[Koriya ta Kudu]] don gasar cin kofin duniya na FIFA U-17 . Musa ya kare ne a matsayin wanda ya fi zura kwallo a ragar Young Lions, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasannin rukunin B, amma ya samu rauni a nasarar da suka yi da Brazil wanda ya hana shi shiga gasar. Abokan wasan Musa sun ci gaba da kaiwa matakin kwata final .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2022}} ==== U19s ==== Bayan wannan gasar, Musa ya kasance cikin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru (18) , kuma bayan cin kwallaye da ya ci a kungiyar farko ta Crystal Palace, an daukaka shi zuwa kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru (19) ba tare da ya isa ba don( U-18s) ya tattara kofuna. . Ya tafi tare da( U-19) zuwa gasar shekara( 2008) UEFA European( U-19), Championship a [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], inda ya buga wasanni biyu tare da karbar taimako daya yayin da Young Lions ya kasa fitowa daga rukunin B. Hasashe ya karu yayin da koci Stuart Pearce ya yi watsi da shi cewa Moses zai dawo buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta shekara ta ( 2010) - wannan matakin bai taba faruwa ba.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2022}} ==== U21s ==== An daukaka Musa zuwa tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara( 21), a farkon kakar shekara (2010zuwa2011 kuma ya fara buga wasansa da Uzbekistan a ci (2-0) . === Najeriya === [[File:Iran_and_Nigeria_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-06-12_15.jpg|right|thumb| Musa yana bugawa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa da Iran a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a shekarar(2014) .]] An zabi Moses ne don buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa da Guatemala a watan Fabrairun a shekara ta (2011) , amma an soke wasan sada zumuncin. <ref>[http://www.kickoff.com/news/19690/shola-ameobi-victor-moses-get-nigeria-call.php Ameobi, Moses get Nigeria call]. kickoff.com. 14 January 2011.</ref> Daga nan ya amsa kiran da aka yi masa a watan Maris a (2011) domin buga wasan Najeriya da Habasha da Kenya . Sai dai kuma an cire shi daga wasannin ne saboda ba a samu takardar neman sauya sheka zuwa [[FIFA]] ba a kan lokaci. An sanar a ranar (1), ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta (2011), cewa FIFA ta wanke Moses da [[Shola Ameobi]] daga buga wa Najeriya wasa. An gayyaci Moses ne a cikin tawagar ‘yan wasan Najeriya (23), da za su buga gasar cin kofin Afrika a shekarar (2013) , inda ya ci fanareti biyu a wasansu na karshe na rukuni-rukuni da Habasha, wanda Najeriya ke bukatar samun nasara kafin ta samu. A karo na biyu an ba mai tsaron gidan Habasha Sisay Bancha katin gargadi na biyu a wasan da ya kai ga bugun fanareti kuma aka kore shi. Tuni dai Habasha ta yi amfani da 'yan wasan uku da suka maye gurbinsu, don haka dan wasanta na tsakiya ya shiga raga, kuma ya barar da bugun fanareti. An tashi wasan da ci( 2-0) . Najeriya ta ci gaba da lashe gasar, karo na uku da ta samu. Musa ya fara wasan karshe kuma ya buga wasan gaba daya. An zabi Moses ne a cikin tawagar Najeriya da za ta buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a shekara ta (2014), kuma sun fara ne a wasansu na farko na rukuni da kuma wasan zagaye na( 16), da Faransa suka yi da ci( 2-0). [[File:FWC_2018_-_Group_D_-_NGA_v_ISL_-_Photo_37.jpg|left|thumb| Musa ya zura kwallo a ragar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] a [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2018]] .]] Bayan da Gernot Rohr ya dauka a matsayin kocin Najeriya a watan ogustan a shekara ta( 2016), Musa ya taka rawa akai-akai a wasannin share fage na FIFA na shekarar ( 2018) . Moses ya ci wa Najeriya kwallaye biyu a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar FIFA na shekarar (2018), da Algeria a watan Nuwamba a shekara ( 2016), wanda ya taimaka mata ta samu nasara da ci (3-1) . A watan Mayun a shekara ta ( 2018), ya kasance cikin jerin [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|'yan]] wasa( 30) na farko na Najeriya da za su wakilci Najeriya a [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|gasar cin kofin duniya]] da za a yi a [[Rasha]] a shekara ta (2018) , inda ya samu ƙwallaye mai mahimmanci a wasan da Argentina, ko da yake, 'yan wasansa sun yi rashin nasara a wasan a cikin mintuna kaɗan don ganin Argentina ta tsallake yayin da Najeriya ta fice. Bayan kammala gasar, Moses ya sanar a ranar( 15) ga watan Agusta cewa ya yi ritaya daga buga wa Najeriya kwallo a gasar cin kofin duniya. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Musa ya girma yana goyon bayan [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] . Yana da ɗa, Brentley, (an haife shi 2012) da diya, Nyah, (an haife shi 2015). == Kididdigar sana'a == === Kulob === {{Updated|<!--match played--> 13 December 2021}}<ref name=Sb>{{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=47716 |title=Victor Moses: Football Stats |publisher=Soccerbase |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref><ref name=Soccerway>{{Soccerway|viktor-moses/25395}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Club statistics ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Crystal Palace |2007–08 | rowspan="3" |Championship |13 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Championship play-offs|Championship play-offs]]}} |0 |16 |3 |- |2008–09 |27 |2 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |32 |2 |- |2009–10 |18 |6 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !58 !11 !5 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 !69 !11 |- | rowspan="5" |Wigan Athletic |2009–10<ref name="sb0910" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |1 |- |2010–11 |21 |1 |2 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |26 |2 |- |2011–12 |38 |6 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |39 |6 |- |2012–13 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !74 !8 !3 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !80 !9 |- | rowspan="6" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2012–13<ref name="sb1213" /> | rowspan="5" |Premier League |23 |1 |5 |2 |3 |2 |10{{Efn|Four appearances and one goal in UEFA Champions League, six appearances and four goals in UEFA Europa League}} |5 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}} |0 |43 |10 |- |2015–16 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |1 |0 |- |2016–17 |34 |3 |4 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |40 |4 |- |2017–18 |28 |3 |3 |0 |2 |0 |4{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn}} |1 |38 |4 |- |2018–19 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn}} |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !7 !12 !2 !8 !3 !16 !5 !5 !1 !128 !18 |- |[[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] (loan) |2013–14 |Premier League |19 |1 |2 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |22 |2 |- |Stoke City (loan) |2014–15 |Premier League |19 |3 |2 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |23 |4 |- |West Ham United (loan) |2015–16<ref name="sb1516" /> |Premier League |21 |1 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |26 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Fenerbahçe (loan) |2018–19<ref name="sb1819" /> | rowspan="2" |Süper Lig |14 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |4 |- |2019–20 |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !23 !5 |- |Inter Milan (loan) |2019–20<ref name="sb1920" /> |Serie A |12 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— |20 |0 |- |Spartak Moscow (loan) |2020–21 |Russian Premier League |19 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |20 |4 |- | rowspan="2" |Spartak Moscow |2021–22 |Russian Premier League |15 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|One appearance in the [[UEFA Champions League]], six appearances, one goal in the [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |1 | colspan="2" |— |22 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !34 !5 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !42 !6 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !344 !41 !33 !5 !19 !4 !30 !6 !7 !1 !433 !57 |} === Ƙasashen Duniya === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Kididdigar kasa da kasa ! Tawagar kasa ! Shekara ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri |- | rowspan="7" | [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] | 2012 | 6 | 2 |- | 2013 | 11 | 4 |- | 2014 | 6 | 1 |- | 2015 | 0 | 0 |- | 2016 | 4 | 2 |- | 2017 | 3 | 1 |- | 2018 | 7 | 2 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimlar ! 37 ! 12 |} : ''Maki da sakamako ne suka fara zura kwallaye a ragar Najeriya.'' {| class="wikitable" !A'a. ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- | 1 | rowspan="2" | Oktoba 13, 2012 | rowspan="2" | UJ Esuene Stadium, [[Kalaba|Calabar]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" |</img> Laberiya |{{Center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 6–1 | rowspan="2" | 2013 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |- | 2 |{{Center|'''6'''–1}} |- | 3 | rowspan="2" | 29 ga Janairu, 2013 | rowspan="2" | Filin wasa na Royal Bafokeng, Rustenburg, Afirka ta Kudu | rowspan="2" |</img> Habasha |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 | rowspan="2" | 2013 Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka |- | 4 |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |- | 5 | 7 ga Satumba, 2013 | UJ Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria |</img> Malawi |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |{{Center|2–0}} | 2014 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA |- | 6 | 16 Nuwamba 2013 | UJ Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria |</img> Habasha |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|2–0}} | 2014 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA |- | 7 | 7 ga Yuni 2014 | EverBank Field, Jacksonville, Amurika |</img> Amurka |{{Center|'''1'''–2}} |{{Center|1–2}} | Sada zumunci |- | 8 | rowspan="2" | 12 Nuwamba 2016 | rowspan="2" | [[Filin wasan Godswill Akpabio na ƙasa da ƙasa|Godswill Akpabio International Stadium]], [[Uyo]], Nigeria | rowspan="2" |</img> Aljeriya |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 3–1 | rowspan="3" | 2018 FIFA cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya |- | 9 |{{Center|'''3'''–1}} |- | 10 | 1 ga Satumba, 2017 | Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, Nigeria |</img> Kamaru |{{Center|'''3'''–0}} |{{Center|4–0}} |- | 11 | 23 Maris 2018 | Stadion Miejski, Wrocław, Poland |</img> Poland |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|1–0}} | Sada zumunci |- | 12 | 26 ga Yuni, 2018 | Krestovsky Stadium, [[Saint-Petersburg|Saint Petersburg]], Rasha |</img> Argentina |{{Center|'''1'''–1}} |{{Center|1–2}} | 2018 FIFA World Cup |} == Girmamawa == '''Chelsea''' * Premier League :( 2016zuwa2017) * Kofin FA : (2017zuwa2018) ; wanda ya zo na biyu a :( 2016zuwa2017) * UEFA Europa League : (2012zuwa2013, 2018zuwa2019) '''Inter Milan''' * Gasar cin Kofin Zakarun Turai ta Europa: (2019zuwa2020) '''Najeriya''' * Gasar cin kofin Afrika : (2013) '''Mutum''' * Gwarzon dan wasan Premier League Fans na Wata: Nuwamba a shekara( 2016). == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181005210129/https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/victor-moses?pageTab=biography Bayanan martaba] a gidan yanar gizon Chelsea FC * Victor Moses </img> {{FC Spartak Moscow squad}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> ifl1mn8t9uzqfn7nh8lsvadbdr5qunx 0 9506 165915 155139 2022-08-14T13:04:02Z 787IYO 14903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:First Bank of Ustick (4).jpg|thumb|First bank din UK kenan]] [[File:Central bank nigeria.jpg|thumb|Babban Bankin Najeriya]] '''First Bank of Nigeria''', Wasu lokutan a na kiranta '''FirstBank''', asusu ne na [[Najeriya]] tare da kamfani dake alaka da kasuwanci wanda ke da babban ofishinsa a [[Lagos]]. Bankin shine mafi girman asusu a [[Najeriya]] ta bangaren ajiyar kudaden da sukayi ajiya tare da ribansu a shekara. Yana aikine tareda wajajen kasuwanci 750 dake kasashen Afrika, tare da United Kingdom kuma akwai ofishinsu a Abu Dhabi, Beijing da Johannesburg suna tunanin hada halaka na kasuwanci tsakanin kasashen duniya. Ita asusu tafi kwarewa da kananan harkokin kasuwanci kuma bankin yana da mafi yawan kwostamomi a duk fadin tarayyar Najeriya. A 2015, The Asian Banker ta mika wa FirstBank the Best Retail Bank in Nigeria award wa shekara biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Balogun |first=Folake |date=2022-08-01 |title=FBN Holdings’ half-year profit rises 45% to N66bn |url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/fbn-holdings-half-year-profit-rises-45-to-n66bn/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Bayani== Ita asusun tana da dukiyoyi akalla NGN3.9 trillion ($12.2B kamar yarda aka samu a 2017 exchange rates).<ref>. [http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=NGN XE: Convert USD/NGN. United States Dollar to Nigeria Naira], xe.com, 29 Agusta 2017.</ref> Riban asusun kafin kudin haraji na watanni goma sha-biyu wacce karshensa yazo 31 Disamba 2015 itace NGN10.2 billion. Akalla mutane 1.3 million ne suke dashi babu takamemen me ita, dukkansu shareholders ne a cikinta. == Manazarta == <references/> {{DEFAULTSORT:First Bank of Nigeria}} [[Category:Bankuna]] 0eujavwtv7my9r1mf1obkb2dolt2itb 0 9922 166112 63478 2022-08-15T07:24:47Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''David Trezeguet''' (an haife shi a shekarar 1977 a birnin [[Rouen]], na ƙasar Faransa). ɗan wasan [[ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne a ƙasar [[Faransa]]. Ya bugawa Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar ƙasar Faransa daga shekara ta 1998 zuwa shekara ta 2008. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:David Trezeguet (cropped).jpg File:David Trezeguet.jpg File:Olivier Démolis - David Trezeguet.jpg File:David Trezeguet, 2018.jpg File:David Trezeguet 2017-01-23.jpg File:Trezeguet presentación Hércules 2.jpg File:Trezeguet presentación Hércules 3.jpg File:Trezeguet presentación Hércules.jpg File:Tomas con su idolo Trezeguet y su amigo Leandro.jpg File:Argentine journalist Nicolás Hueto 2.jpg </gallery> {{DEFAULTSORT:Trezeguet, David}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Faransa]] ancihloz4v5ruyuxlx633b7h5uz57jq 0 10494 165951 161794 2022-08-14T17:18:24Z 197.211.53.21 Gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mukala mai kyau}} {{Infobox person |birth_place=[[Gabon]] |birth_date={{birth date and age|mf=yes|1989|06|1|df=y}} |birth_name= Hadiza Aliyu |image= [[File:Hadiza Aliyu Gabon.jpg|thumb|Hadiza Aliyu Gabon a cikin waƙar "Adnan"]] |caption= Hadiza Gabon |education= Sakandiri |nationality=[[Nigeria|Nigerian]] |residence=[[Kaduna]], [[Nigeria]] |years_active=2009–present |awards=[[#Awards|See below]] |children= |relatives= |spouse= |credits= Ta shahara a fim ɗin ''Ali ya ga Ali'' |occupation= Mai haɗa fim * Ƴar fim |alma mater= |website={{url|http://hadizaaliyu.com/}}}} '''Hadiza Aliyu''' an fi saninta da '''Hadiza Gabon''' (An haife ta a ranar ɗaya ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1989) a ƙasar Gabon,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hadiza Aliyu|url=http://www.hadizaaliyu.com/about/}}</ref> Hadiza Aliyu ta kasance shahararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a Hausa film a [[Najeriya]], a ƙarƙashin masana'antar fim ta [[Kannywood]]. == Farkon Rayuwa == An haifi Hadiza Aliyu Gabon ne a ƙasar [[Libreville]] da ke ƙasar [[Gabon]], ta dawo [[Najeriya]] daga bisani domin wasu dalilai, inda tayo karatu, sannan ta fara harkan fim, Haifaffiyar garin [[Libreville]], [[Gabon|Jamhuriyar Gabon]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201312300834.html|title=Nigeria: I Had to Learn Hausa to Feature in Kannywood - Hadiza Gabon|author=All Africa|publisher=Amina Alhassan and Mulikat Mukaila|accessdate=28 December 2013}}</ref> Hadiza Aliyu ‘yar gidan Malam Aliyu ne wanda dattijo ne. A ɓangaren mahaifinta, Hadiza 'yar asalin ƙasar Gabon ce, kuma a bangaren mahaifiyarta, asalin ta Fulani ce daga [[Adamawa|jihar Adamawa]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{cite web|title=I want to settle down – Gabon - Blueprint|url=http://www.blueprint.ng/2014/10/06/i-want-to-settle-down-gabon/|access-date=2015-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131520/http://www.blueprint.ng/2014/10/06/i-want-to-settle-down-gabon/|archive-date=2015-04-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ilimi == Hadiza Aliyu ta halarci makarantun firamare da sakandiri a ƙasar haihuwarta inda ta rubuta jarabawarta ta A-Level tare da burin zama lauya sannan daga baya ta zabi Lauya a matsayin kwas din da ta fi so. Ta fara karatun jami'a a matsayinta na daliba, amma dole ta daina zuwa makaranta saboda wasu matsaloli da suka dabaibaye karatunta. Karatun nata ya tsaya a lokacin kuma hakan ya ba ta damar halartar shirin difloma a cikin Harshen Faransanci kuma daga baya ta zama malama mai koyar da Faransanci a wata makarantar sirri.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gabonofficial.com/|title=Gabon Official|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324024235/http://www.gabonofficial.com/#!/biography/|archive-date=2015-03-24|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> == Shahara == Tana daya daga cikin manyan jarumai mata a masana'antar fim ta kannywood. ==Fim== Hadiza Aliyu ta shiga [[Kannywood]] ba da dadewa ba bayan ta shigo daga [[Gabon]] zuwa [[Adamawa|jihar Adamawa]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Ta tashi daga [[Adamawa]] zuwa [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] yayin da take sha'awar shiga masana'antar fim ta [[kannywood]] tare da dan uwan ta. Ta samu damar ganawa da [[Ali Nuhu]] kuma ta nemi taimakonsa don kaddamar da ita a matsayin 'yar fim. Hadiza ta fara fitowa ne a shekarar 2009, inda aka sanya ta a Artabu, ta samu shiga masana'antar fim ta [[kannywood]] a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan jarumai mata tare da taimakon [[Ali Nuhu]] da kuma jagorancin Aminu Shariff . Ta kasance shahararriyar 'yar wasan Hausa ce. Mutane da dama na gani da daukan ta a matsayin jarumar 'yar wasan [[Kannywood]] kuma abar koyi musamman yadda take fitowa cikin sutura na al'ada da kyau.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hadiza Gabon - HausaFilms.tv|url=http://www.hausafilms.tv/actress/hadiza_gabon}}</ref> Hadiza ta kasance ita ce jakadiyar da ta daga cikin kamfanin sadarwa na Najeriya MTN Nigeria da kuma kamfanin abincin Indomie, ta karbi kyautar Best Actress Jury Award a 2nd Kannywood Award wanda kamfanin MTN Najeriya suka dauki nauyin bayarwa. Ita ce wacce ta kafa gidauniyar HAG Foundation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gabonofficial.com/|title=Gabon Official|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324024235/http://www.gabonofficial.com/#!/filmography/|archive-date=2015-03-24|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Elites|first1=The|title=Famous Kannywood Actress Hadiza Aliyu Gabon, Debuts In Nollywood Movie|url=http://www.theelitesng.com/famous-kannywood-actress-hadiza-aliyu-gabon-febuts-in-nollywood-movie/|website=The Elites Nigeria|accessdate=24 October 2019|date=21 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The trailer for Mike Ezuruonye's new movie ‘Lagos Real Fake Life’ isn't quite there yet » YNaija|url=https://ynaija.com/the-trailer-for-mike-ezuruonyes-new-movie-lagos-real-fake-life-isnt-quite-there-yet/|website=YNaija|accessdate=24 October 2019|date=10 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Husseini|first1=Shuaibu|title=Gold for Kannywood’s shinning star, Hadiza Gabon, from Queensland|url=https://m.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/gold-for-kannywoods-shinning-star-hadiza-gabon-from-queensland/|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|accessdate=24 October 2019|date=12 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Lere|first1=Muhammad|title=Kannywood: Hadiza Gabon features in first Nollywood movie - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/243849-kannywood-hadiza-gabon-features-first-nollywood-movie.html|website=Premiumtimenews|accessdate=24 October 2019|date=21 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hadiza Gabon - HausaFilms.tv|url=http://www.hausafilms.tv/actress/hadiza_gabon/}}</ref> Hadiza ta yanke shawarar shiga Nollywood a shekarar 2017, biyo bayan [[Ali Nuhu]], [[Sani Musa Danja]], [[Yakubu Muhammad|Yakubu Muhammed]], Maryam Booth da [[Rahama Sadau]] . An saka ta a fim dinta na farko na Nollywood kusa da Mike Ezuruonye, Mike Angel da Emmanuella a fim mai taken ''Lagos Real Fake Life .'' == Jakadanci == A watan Disambar 2018 ne, kamfanin NASCON Allied Plc,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hagfoundation.com/|title=HAG Foundation - Committed to Serving Humanity|work=|publisher=HAG Foundation|accessdate=22 January 2017}}</ref> wanda ke reshen rukunin kamfanonin [[Dangote Group|Dangote]] ya bayyana Hadiza Aliyu a matsayin jakadiyar jakadancin Dangote Classic Seasoning a yayin kaddamar da kayan hada kayan a [[Kano#Tarihin%20Kano|Kano]].<ref>{{cite news|title=NASCON introduces Dangote classic seasoning into Kano market|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/nascon-introduces-dangote-classic-seasoning-into-kano-market|work=Businessday NG|date=17 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=NASCON launches New Dangote Classic Seasoning Cubes|url=https://www.proshareng.com/news/Products%20&%20Services/NASCON-launches-New-Dangote-Classic-Seasoning-Cubes/43162#:~:text=The%20Company%20used%20the%20occasion,to%20all%20women%20in%20Nigeria|website=NASCON launches New Dangote Classic Seasoning Cubes|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Brand Ambassador Market Tour|url=https://www.nasconplc.com/2019/07/16/brand-ambassador-market-tour/|website=NASCON|date=16 July 2019}}</ref> == Taimako == A shekara ta 2016, Hadiza ta kafa ƙungiyar agaji mai suna HAG Foundation Da nufin inganta rayuwar talakawa ta hanyar samar da taimako a bangarorin ilimi da kiwon lafiya gami da wadatar abinci. Ta zama daya daga cikin ‘yan wasa mata na farko a tarihin [[Kannywood]] da ta gabatar da irin wannan taimakon jin kai. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, ta ziyarci sansanonin ‘yan gudun hijirar da ke cikin [[Kano (jiha)|jihar Kano]] inda ta ba da gudummawar kayayyakin abinci, kayan masaka da sauran kayan masarufi da mazauna sansanin suke bukata saboda rikicin arewacin Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/entertainment/hadiza-gabon-enlivens-idp-camp/138523.html|title=Hadiza Gabon enlivens IDP camp|work=Daily Trust|publisher=Ibrahim Musa Giginyu|accessdate=19 March 2016}}</ref> == Lamban girma == Hadiza Aliyu ta samu kyaututtuka da girmamawa da dama wadanda suka hada da 2013 Best of Nollywood Awards da [[Kyaututtukan Kannywood|2nd Kannywood / MTN Awards]] a 2014. Saboda karramawar da ta yi a matsayin 'yar fim, Hadiza ta karrama a shekarar 2013 daga tsohon Gwamnan [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]], [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso|Dakta Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso]] . An kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta Hollywood ta Afirka a matsayin Jarumar Jarumai.<gallery mode="packed-overlay" heights="140"> |Hadiza Gabon tana karban lamban girma </gallery> === Awad === Lamban girman da Hadiza Aliyu Gabon ta samu<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gabonofficial.com/|title=Gabon Official|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324024235/http://www.gabonofficial.com/#!/awards-and-projects/|archive-date=2015-03-24|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year ! Lamban girma ! Rukuni ! Fim ! Sakamako |- ! scope="row" | 2013 | Kwankwasiyya Award | Recognition Award |Kwankwasiyya Award | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2013 | 2013 Best of Nollywood Awards | Best Actress (Hausa) | ''Babban Zaure'' | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2014 | City People Entertainment Awards | ''Best Actress (Hausa)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Kannywood at the 2014 City People Entertainment Awards - Winners and Nominees [HausaFilms.TV - Kannywood, Fina-finai, Hausa Movies, TV and Celebrities] |url=http://hausafilms.tv/awards/city-people-entertainment-awards-june-2014 |website=hausafilms.tv |accessdate=24 October 2019}}</ref> | ''Babban Zaure'' | {{Nom}} |- ! scope="row" | 2014 | 2nd Kannywood/MTN Awards<ref>{{cite web|title=Linda Ikeji's Blog|url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2015/02/kannywood-awards-when-mtn-celebrates.html}}</ref> | Best Actress of the Year(Jury Choice)<ref>{{cite web|title=Premium Times Nigeria|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/176070-late-ibro-honoured-mtn-kannywood-awards-2015.html}}</ref> | ''Daga Ni Sai Ke'' | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2015 | Kannywood AWA 24 Film & Merit Award | Best Supporting Actress | ''Ali Yaga Ali'' | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2016 | African Hollywood Awards | Best Actress<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/hausa-movies-arts-entertainment/214643-hadiza-gabon-usman-uzee-honoured-african-hollywood-awards.html |title=Hadiza Gabon, Usman Uzee honoured at African Hollywood Awards |work =Premium Times Nigeria |publisher=Mohammed Lere |accessdate=6 November 2016}}</ref> | ''African Films in Hausa Language'' | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2017 | Arewa Night Award | Recognition Award | | {{won}} |- ! scope="row" | 2017 | 2017 Best of Kannywood Award | Best Actress (Hausa)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agbon |first1=Ehis |title=2017 CITY PEOPLE MOVIE AWARDS (NOMINEES FOR KANNYWOOD) |url=https://procyonnews.com/2017-city-people-movie-awards-nominees-for-kannywood/ |website=Procyon News |accessdate=24 October 2019 |date=16 September 2017}}</ref> | | {{Nom}} |- |} === Kyaututuka === Jadawalin kyaututtukan martabawa da Hadiza Aliyu Gabon ta samu {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Girmamawa !Rukuni !Bangare |- ! scope="row" |2016 |Kano State Senior Secondary Schools Management Board |Certificate of Appreciation<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BNwVKYBhVtd/|title=Hadiza Aliyu Gabon on Instagram: Alhamdulillah ✌🏼️👌👌🏻|work=Instagram|publisher=Hadiza Aliyu Gabon|accessdate=10 December 2016}}</ref> |''Educational Support'' |- ! scope="row" |2016 |Statup Kano |Certificate of Appreciation<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/AdizatouGabon/status/809842395844149252|title=Was honored to be part of Startup Kano Women Conference.. Women empowerment gives me so much joy. Alhamdulillah.|work=Twitter|publisher=Hadiza Aliyu|accessdate=16 December 2016}}</ref> |''Empowerment Support'' |- ! scope="row" |2016 |Billycares Charity Foundation |Recognition Award | ''Philanthropy'' |- ! scope="row" |2019 |Hausa Students Association of Nigeria (BUK) |Recognition Award |''Educational Support'' |- |} === Fina finai === {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" |+ Fina finan ta |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" ! Shekara ! Sunan Fim ! Matsayin ! Nau'i |- | | ''Daina Kuka'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Farar Saka'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Fataken Dare'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Kolo(film)|Kolo'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Mukaddari'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Sakayya'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Umarnin Uwa'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | | ''Ziyadat'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2009 | ''Artabu'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2010 | ''Wasila(film)|Wasila'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2010 | ''Umarnin Uwa'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | ''Aisha Humaira'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | '''Yar Maye'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | ''Badi Ba Rai'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | ''Akirizzaman'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | ''Dare Daya'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2012 | ''Wata Tafi Wata'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2013 | ''Da Kai Zan Gana'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2013 | ''Haske'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2013 | ''Ban Sani Ba'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Mai Dalilin Aure'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Daga Ni Sai Ke'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Ali Yaga Ali'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Basaja'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Uba Da 'Da'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Indon Kauye'' | Jaruma | Comedy/Fim |- | 2014 | ''Ba'asi'' | Jaruma | Fim |- | 2014 | ''Jarumta'' | Jaruma | Fim |- |2017 | ''Gida da waje'' | Jaruma | Fim |- |2017 | ''Ciki Da Raino'' |Jaruma |Comedy/Fim |- |2019 | ''Hawwa Kulu'' | Jaruma | Fim |- |2019 | ''Wakili'' | Jaruma | Fim |- |2019 | ''Dan Birnin'' | Jaruma | Fim |- |2019 | ''Gidan Badamasi'' | Jaruma | Comedy/Fim |} == Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed-overlay" heights="140" caption="Hotunan Hadiza Gabon"> ||Taci kwalliya File:Hadiza Aliyu on Dandalina.jpg||Sanye da farin kaya </gallery> [[File:Hadiza Gabon.jpg|thumb|Hadiza Aliyu Gabon ]] == Duba nan == * [[Rahama Sadau]] * [[Hafsat Idris]] * [[Jamila Umar Nagudu]] * [[Fati Washa]] * [[Maryam Booth]] * [[Maryam Yahaya]] * [[Aisha Aliyu Tsamiya]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Aliyu,Hadiza}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan fim]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1989]] 4z62fw30jfpsrskdm6uat7sg2a7wuuc 0 12292 165917 144098 2022-08-14T13:47:59Z Mrymaa 13965 Karmin gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya 1-2.svg|thumb|Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya, Tutar Ahmadiyya]] [[File:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (c. 1897).jpg|thumb|Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] '''Ahmadiyya''' (Urdu '''احمدیہ''' ''Ahmadiyya'') tafiyar imani ce ta addini wadda aka kafa ta a karni na (19), [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] ne wanda mabiyan sa suka hakikance kan cewar shine [[Mahdi]] ya kafa tafiyar. An kafa tafiyar ne tun kafin [[Indiya]] ta rabu zuwa wannan Indiyar ta yanzu wato rabewar ta da [[Pakistan]] da [[Bangladesh]]. Ahmad yaso ya sabunta [[Musulunci]], tare da da'awar dawo da ainahin koyarwa ta addinin Musulunci.a shekara ta alif( 1914), tafiyar ta rabe zuwa gida biyu, a sakamakon wanda zai zamo magajin Ahmad kuma har yanzu wadannan bangarorin sunanan. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad yayi da'awar cewa ya cika annabatar Mahdi. Ana yi masa lakani da Mujaddadi na karni na( 14), kuma [[Yesu]]n da aka alkawarta zuwan sa.<ref name="hmgaintro_mma">[http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/mali/callofislam/reformermujaddiddeathjesusmessiahimammahdidajjalggogmagog.shtml “The Fourteenth-Century's Reformer / Mujaddid”, from the “Call of Islam”], by [[Maulana Muhammad Ali]]</ref><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/books/3in1/chap2/index.html Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad,Chapter Two]</ref><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/books/truth/reflection.html Reflection of all the Prophets]</ref><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/library/books/revelation/part_7_section_1.html Future of Revelation, Part 7]</ref><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/books/misunderstandingremoved.html The Removal of a Misunderstanding]</ref> Yan Ahmadiyya na daukar kansu a matsayin Musulmai kuma suna da'awar sunayin addinin Musulunci ne wanda [[Muhammad|Annabi Muhammad]] ya koyar. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad ya kafa tafiyar ne a shekara ta alif(1889 ), kuma ya saka mata suna ''Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat'' Fatan sa shine ya dawo da ruhin Musulunci. . Ainahin tafiyar Ahmadiyya ya tsage zuwa gidaje biyu<ref name="autogenerated6">[http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/mali/splitahmadiyyamovement/splitahmadiyyamovement.shtml “The Split in the Ahmadiyya Movement”by Maulana Muhammad Ali]</ref> bayan rasuwar [[Nooruddin]],magajin Ghulam Ahmad na farko. Wadannan tafiyoyin biyu sune Jama'ar Ahmadiyya da kuma Jama'ar Ahmadiyya ta Lahore (''Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat-i-Islam'', AAIIL). Bangarorin nada bambanci ga hanyar koyarwa a tsakanin su.<ref name="autogenerated6" /><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/library/split/part1.html "Refutation of Maulvi Muhammad Ali's Account of Ahmadiyya Dissensions"]</ref> Babban bangare na Jama'ar Ahmadiyya na da rassa a sama da kasashen duniya (190), babbar cibiyarta na a birnin [[Landan]] na [[Ingila]]. Karamin tsagin kuma da akafi sani da Jama'ar Ahmadiyya na Lahore nada cibiya a Lahore, kuma anfi sanin su a [[Jamani]], [[Autraliya]] da [[Pakistan]]. Abinda ke kawo rigima shine fahtar Ahmadiyya dangane da rasuwa da dawowar Annabi Isah da kuma mahangar su ga Jihadi. Hakanan ma Yan Ahmadiyya Nada bambancin fahimta da ayar nan ta Kur'ani( 33:40. ), Wannan aya tana magana akan cewa [[Muhammad|Annabi Muhammad]] shine cikamakon [[Annabi|Annabawa]]. Sai dai mabiya Jama'ar Ahmadiyya ta Lahore basu da taraddadi dangane da wannan batun domin su basu kallon Mirza Ghulam Ahmad matsayin Annabi. A wannan dalilin ne yasa sukafi kusanci da akidar Musulunci. Yan Ahmadiyya sun fassara Kur'ani da dukkannin manyan harsunan duniya. Kuma suna yada akidun su da da'awar su awa (24), a tashoshin su na talabijin din su wadanda suka hada da, '''MTA 1''','''MTA 2''', '''MTA 3''' (domin [[Larabawa]] masu kallo) kuma kwanannan suka kaddamar da sabuwar tashar '''MTA Africa'''. Yan Ahmadiyya na samar da malamai, likituci,masu kare yancin Dan Adam a kasashen da suka cigaba. == Zarge-Zarge == Musulmai mabiya [[Sunnah]] na kallon yan Ahmadiyya da masu aikata [[Bidi'a]] saboda imanin da sukayi cewa Ahmad Ghulam Annabi ne kuma shine Mahdi kuma Annabi Isah da zai dawo kuma basu yadda da ce Annabi Muhammad ne Annabin karshe ba.<ref>{{cite book| last = Jones| first = Kenneth W.| title = Arya Dharm: Hindu Consciousness in 19th-century Punjab| url = https://books.google.com/?id=RpvXCtNzrz8C&pg=PA148| year = 1976| publisher = University of California Press| isbn = 978-0-520-02920-0| page = 148 }}</ref><ref>The Illustrated Weekly of India, Volume 102,Issues 1-2.</ref> Dangane da yadda yaso ya Annabtar da kansa kuwa yace shine Annani Isah kuma yadawo ne domin ya karya Gicciye.<ref>{{cite book| last = Fraser| first = Gordon| title = Cosmic Anger: Abdus Salam - The First Muslim Nobel Scientist| url = https://books.google.com/?id=QFiaRfzuWXwC&pg=PA58| year = 2008| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 978-0-19-157866-3| page = 58 }}</ref> Mafi rinjayen musulmai basu danganta Yan Ahmadiyya da wannan sunan, sunadai kallon su ne a matsayin wasu masu wani sabon [[Addini]] wanda wani ya samar. Ba kamar Musulunci ba wanda shi Annabi Muhammad ne yazo dashi amma bashine ya samar da shiba.<ref>{{cite book| last = Jackson| first = Roy| title = Mawlana Mawdudi and Political Islam: Authority and the Islamic state| url = https://books.google.com/?id=kH3FBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA50| year = 2010| publisher = Routledge| isbn = 978-1-136-95035-3| page = 50 }}</ref>. ==Akida== [[File:Einige Koran Übersetzungen der Ahmadiyya.JPG|thumb|fassarar [[Al'kurani]] na harsuna daban-daban wanda masu fassara na Ahmadiyya suka fassara]] Acikin akida da abubuwan da Yan Ahmadiyya sukayi imani dashi akwai shika-shikan Musulunci guda biyar (wato, [[Shahada]], [[Sallah]], [[Azumi]], [[Zakka]], [[Hajji]]) kuma suke yinsu, sannan kuma sunyi imani da shika-shikan imani guda shida kamar dai yadda Musulmai Mabiya Sunnah sukayi. Hakanan kuma sun yadda da [[Al Kur’ani ]] kuma suna kallon [[Ka'aba]] matsayin Alkibla lokacin da zasuyi [[Sallah]], kuma suna bin [[Sunnah]] da [[Hadisi]].<ref>Annemarie Schimmel ''et al.'': ''Der Islam III. Volksfrömmigkeit, Islamische Kultur, Zeitgenössische Strömungen.'' Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1990, S. 418–420</ref><ref>Marzia Balzani.[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lcpiAgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s 'An ethnographer among the Ahmadis: Learning Islam in the suburbs' in Gabriele Marranci (ed.) ''Studying Islam in Practice''.] Routledge, 2014, p.117.</ref><ref>[http://www.alislam.org/islam/ "Islam"], Al Islam Online</ref><ref>Andrea Lathan (2008) [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27798273?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents ‘The Relativity of Categorizing in the Context of the Aḥmadiyya’] ''Die Welt des Islams'', 48 (3/4): 377</ref><ref>Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (2004) [https://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=2&l=English#page/129/mode/1up''The Essence of Islam'', Vol. II, p.129—39,<!-- Bot generated title -->] Tilford: Islam International</ref> ==Alkalumma== Yazuwa shekarar 2016,an kiyasta adadin kasashe( 209) ne a duniya inda za'a iya samun yan Ahmadiyya. Babu kasar da Ahmadiyya ke da rinjaye.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.tehelka.com/story_main53.asp?filename=Ne280712Minority.asp|title=The Minority’s Minority|access-date=16 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626100223/http://archive.tehelka.com/story_main53.asp?filename=Ne280712Minority.asp|archive-date=26 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> A wasu kasashen kamar [[Pakistan]] an haramta Ahmadiyya gabatar daya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1057427|title=The 1974 ouster of the ‘heretics’: What really happened?}}</ref> Gabadaya wannan dalilinne yasa yakasance abu mai wahala ga Ahmadiyya ta kafa wasu kungiyoyinta masu zaman Kansu. Sakamakon haka Yan Ahmadiyya na ikirarin sunkai gwamman miliyoyi;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alislam.org/introduction/index.html | title=An Overview | accessdate=4 March 2014 | date= | publisher=Al Islam}}</ref> bugu da kari wasu majiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun ruwaito cewar akwai kididdigar adadin jama'ar Ahmadiyya sunkai miliyan( 10 zuwa 20),<ref name="pop">See: * {{Cite book|title=Breach of Faith|quote=Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate|volume=|publisher=Human Rights Watch|location=|isbn=|page=8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-jgWU83CCIOZyAPJjoDYCQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=29 March 2014 | date=June 2005}} * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgtgGhMUgIUC&pg=PA72&hl=en&sa=X&ei=e_E2U7GXMIrJ0QXou4CIAw&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Asian Religions in British Columbia|quote=The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world|author1=Larry DeVries |author2=Don Baker |author3=Dan Overmyer |accessdate=29 March 2014|isbn=978-0-7748-1662-5|publisher=University of Columbia Press}} * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA23&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3fE2U56QCLGz0QXop4CoBg&ved=0CFkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of Islam|quote=The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million|author =Juan Eduardo Campo|publisher=|page=24|accessdate=29 March 2014|isbn=0-8160-5454-1}} * {{Cite web | url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/01/20/january-20-2012-ahmadiyya-muslims/10124/|title=Ahmadiyya Muslims | publisher=pbs.org | accessdate=6 October 2013}}</ref> gaba dayan duniya anyi kiyasin yan Ahmadiyya sunkai adadin kaso( 1% ),na al'umar [[Musulmi|Musulmai]].<ref>A figure of 10 to 20 million represents 0.62% to 1.25% of the worlds Muslim population.</ref> a shekara ta (2001), wata [[Insakulofidiya]] mai suna ''Christian Encyclopedia'' ta wallafa cewar Tafiyar Ahmadiyya tafi kowacce darika a Musulunci saurin yaduwa.<ref>{{as of|2001}} the Ahmadiyya Movement had been the fastest growing sect according to the ''World Christian Encyclopedia'' for a number of decades. For this, see earlier editions. The 2001 edition placed the growth rate at 3.25%, which was the highest of all Islamic sects and schools of thought. See: * {{cite book |date=15 February 2001 |editor1=David B. Barrett |editor2=George Thomas Kurian |editor3=Todd M. Johnson |title=World Christian Encyclopedia |url= |location= |publisher=Oxford University Press USA |isbn=0195079639}}</ref> Ta kuma kiyasta cewa kasar da tafi kowacce yawan yan Ahmadiyya itace [[Pakistan]], da kiyasin (4%), na al'umar kasar. Sai kuma Jama'ar Ahmadiyya ta Lahore mai mabiya( 0.2% ), a kasar ta Pakistan.<ref name="lahori">The Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement has unofficially stated its total population to be up to 30,000, of which 5,000 to 10,000 live in Pakistan. On this basis, the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement represents approximately 0.2% of the total Ahmadiyya population.See: * {{cite book| author = Simon Ross Valentine| title = Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: History, Belief, Practice| url = https://books.google.com/?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA61| date = 6 October 2008 | publisher = Columbia University Press| isbn = 978-0-231-70094-8| page = 61 }} * {{cite web|url=http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=country&category=&publisher=IRBC&type=QUERYRESPONSE&coi=PAK&rid=&docid=45f1478f20&skip=0 | title=Pakistan: Situation of members of the Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement in Pakistan | accessdate=30 April 2014 }}</ref> An kiyasta cewa yan Ahmadiyya ka iya kaiwa (60,000 zuwa miliyan 1 a [[Indiya]]).<ref name="outlookindia">{{cite web |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/wretched-of-the-land/265665|title=Wretched Of The Land}}</ref>. ==Manazarta== * [http://www.alislam.org/ International Official Site] [[Category:Musulunci]] jpmjfunlhihoffo145mvywq3hl2ex9r 0 13402 165921 127271 2022-08-14T14:17:11Z Gwanki 3834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ciwo''' rashin gazawa ne lakar jikin mutum ko wani abu mai rai, galibi akan ce ciwo idan abu mai rai ya ratsa wasu ikonsa, kaman gani, tafiya, kuzari, numfashi da dai sauran su. A wani lokaci kuma akan ce ciwo idan aka rauna ta mutum ta hanyar fitar masa da jini ko kuma buguwa ko karaya, ko yankewa. == Ire-iren ciwo == 0141l4tgk0b2ngbspe9iy4nfgui1nwy 0 13537 165918 64634 2022-08-14T13:48:33Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kasuwar Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''', kuma ana kiranta da '''Kasuwar Kaduna''', ita ce babbar kasuwar dake cikin garin kaduna, kasuwa ce da ke tsakiyar [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a babban birnin [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]], a Najeriya. a Yankin da kasuwar take iyakarsa ya kama daga karamar Hukumar [[Kaduna ta Arewa]] zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma [[Kaduna ta Kudu|Kaduna ta kudu]] zuwa kudu maso yamma. Kasuwar ita ce babbar cibiyar tattalin arziƙin [[arewacin Najeriya]], ɗaya daga cikin filin zirga-zirga mafi tsada, Ahmadu Bello Way ita ce babbar hanyar da ake bijiro da sassan kasuwannin. Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, [[Yemi Osinbajo]], ya taɓa ziyartar kasuwar don ƙarfafa wa yan kasuwar gwiwa. Ya kasance tare da gwamnan jihar Kaduna Mallam [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai]] . == Tarihi == Asalin sunan kasuwa shine Kasuwar Kaduna ta Tsakiya, amma a 1994 an sake sunan shi bayan wani fitaccen malamin [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]] [[Musulmi|muslim]], marigayi [[Shehu|Sheik]] [[Abubakar Gumi]] kuma cibiyar kasuwanci ce ta [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] kuma mallakar [[Gwamnati|gwamnatin]] jihar [[Gwamnati|ce]] . Mutanen kabilu daban-daban suna kasuwa, akwai Yarbawa, [[Hausawa]] da Igbo, waɗanda suke musayar masaniyar kasuwancinsu a matsayin mahangarsu guda. == Fashewar wuta ta farko == A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2000, sama da daruruwan ‘yan kasuwa a Kasuwar Sheik Abubakar mahmud Gumi da ke jihar Kaduna, suka farka, suka gano cewa shagunansu sun kone kurmus. Gobarar ta tashi a tsakiyar dare, kuma ta haddasa asarar tururuwa, kudi da kayayyaki da ke gudana cikin miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] na Najeriya. Wannan dai shine karo na biyu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru. wani kuma ya faru a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200103160414</ref> <ref>'''(Hausa)''' [https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2019/02/shaguna-31-suka-kone-kurmus-a-gobarar-kasuwar-gumi-dake-kaduna/pic-41-fire-at-kaduna-market/ Shaguna 31 suka kone kurmus a gobarar kasuwar Gumi dake Kaduna], ''Premium Times Hausa'', 20 February 2019.</ref> Abubuwan da ba a san su ba sun sa kasuwar Abubakar Gumi ta zama kasuwanci mai cin riba. Kasuwar, wacce gwamnati ta sake gina ta bayan da wuta ta lalata shi a shekarar 2000, tana taka rawa sosai a rayuwar tattalin arziki da rayuwar jama'ar Kaduna. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201301231124</ref> == Barkewar gobara ta ƙarshe == Wuta ta rusa shagunan da yawa a Kasuwar Sheikh Gumi, kusa da Bakin Dogo, Wannan ne karo na uku a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru, Kimanin kantuna sama da 31 da kayayyakin abinci sun kai miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] kuma wutar ta lalata shi, wannan faruwa ranar Laraba 20, 2019. An ƙone shagunan gaba ɗaya. An yi jita-jita cewa gobarar ta fara ne da misalin karfe 2 na safe, ranar Laraba lokacin da yawancin masu shagon suka kasance a gida gaba daya, ban da masu tsaron cikin gida da ke kasuwar. Ba a san ainihin musabbabin wutar ba, amma masu shagon sun nace cewa ya faru ne sakamakon mummunar suturar lantarki. <ref>[https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fire-destroys-31-shops-at-gumi-market-kaduna Fire destroys 31 shops at Gumi Market Kaduna], ''Daily Trust'', 20 February 2019.</ref> == Tunani == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abubakar Mahmud Gumi}} [[Category:Kasuwannin Kaduna]] qunuzgrv7m1462anbdz4lty90ql11vo 165922 165918 2022-08-14T14:27:52Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kasuwar Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''', kuma ana kiranta da '''Kasuwar Kaduna''', ita ce babbar kasuwar dake cikin garin kaduna, kasuwa ce da ke tsakiyar [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a babban birnin [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]], a Najeriya. a Yankin da kasuwar take iyakarsa ya kama daga karamar Hukumar [[Kaduna ta Arewa]] zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma [[Kaduna ta Kudu|Kaduna ta kudu]] zuwa kudu maso yamma. Kasuwar ita ce babbar cibiyar tattalin arziƙin [[arewacin Najeriya]], ɗaya daga cikin filin zirga-zirga mafi tsada, Ahmadu Bello Way ita ce babbar hanyar da ake bijiro da sassan kasuwannin. Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, [[Yemi Osinbajo]], ya taɓa ziyartar kasuwar don ƙarfafa wa yan kasuwar gwiwa. Ya kasance tare da gwamnan jihar Kaduna Mallam [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai]] . == Tarihi == Asalin sunan kasuwan shine Kasuwar Kaduna ta Tsakiya, amma a alub 1994 an sakewa kasuwan suna bayan wani fitaccen malamin [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]] [[Musulmi|muslim]], marigayi [[Shehu|Sheik]] [[Abubakar Gumi]] kuma cibiyar kasuwanci ce ta [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] kuma mallakar [[Gwamnati|gwamnatin]] jihar [[Gwamnati|ce]] . kabilu daban-daban suna kasuwanci, akwai Yarbawa, [[Hausawa]] da Igbo, waɗanda suke musayar masaniyar kasuwancinsu a matsayin mahangarsu guda. == Fashewar wuta ta farko == A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2000, sama da daruruwan ‘yan kasuwa a Kasuwar Sheik Abubakar mahmud Gumi da ke jihar Kaduna, suka farka, suka gano cewa shagunansu sun kone kurmus. Gobarar ta tashi a tsakiyar dare, kuma ta haddasa asarar tururuwa, kudi da kayayyaki da ke gudana cikin miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] na Najeriya. Wannan dai shine karo na biyu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru. wani kuma ya faru a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200103160414</ref> <ref>'''(Hausa)''' [https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2019/02/shaguna-31-suka-kone-kurmus-a-gobarar-kasuwar-gumi-dake-kaduna/pic-41-fire-at-kaduna-market/ Shaguna 31 suka kone kurmus a gobarar kasuwar Gumi dake Kaduna], ''Premium Times Hausa'', 20 February 2019.</ref> Abubuwan da ba a san su ba sun sa kasuwar Abubakar Gumi ta zama kasuwanci mai cin riba. Kasuwar, wacce gwamnati ta sake gina ta bayan da wuta ta lalata shi a shekarar 2000, tana taka rawa sosai a rayuwar tattalin arziki da rayuwar jama'ar Kaduna. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201301231124</ref> == Barkewar gobara ta ƙarshe == Wuta ta rusa shagunan da yawa a Kasuwar Sheikh Gumi, kusa da Bakin Dogo, Wannan ne karo na uku a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru, Kimanin kantuna sama da 31 da kayayyakin abinci sun kai miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] kuma wutar ta lalata shi, wannan faruwa ranar Laraba 20, 2019. An ƙone shagunan gaba ɗaya. An yi jita-jita cewa gobarar ta fara ne da misalin karfe 2 na safe, ranar Laraba lokacin da yawancin masu shagon suka kasance a gida gaba daya, ban da masu tsaron cikin gida da ke kasuwar. Ba a san ainihin musabbabin wutar ba, amma masu shagon sun nace cewa ya faru ne sakamakon mummunar suturar lantarki. <ref>[https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fire-destroys-31-shops-at-gumi-market-kaduna Fire destroys 31 shops at Gumi Market Kaduna], ''Daily Trust'', 20 February 2019.</ref> == Tunani == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abubakar Mahmud Gumi}} [[Category:Kasuwannin Kaduna]] ccprq6dvol0ta12pre3h10mo8irv6ai 165923 165922 2022-08-14T14:29:28Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kasuwar Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''', kuma ana kiranta da '''Kasuwar Kaduna''', ita ce babbar kasuwar dake cikin garin kaduna, kasuwa ce da ke tsakiyar [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a babban birnin [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]], a Najeriya. a Yankin da kasuwar take iyakarsa ya kama daga karamar Hukumar [[Kaduna ta Arewa]] zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma [[Kaduna ta Kudu|Kaduna ta kudu]] zuwa kudu maso yamma. Kasuwar ita ce babbar cibiyar tattalin arziƙin [[arewacin Najeriya]], ɗaya daga cikin filin zirga-zirga mafi tsada, Ahmadu Bello Way ita ce babbar hanyar da ake bijiro da sassan kasuwannin. Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, [[Yemi Osinbajo]], ya taɓa ziyartar kasuwar don ƙarfafa wa yan kasuwar gwiwa. Ya kasance tare da gwamnan jihar Kaduna Mallam [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai]] . == Tarihi == Asalin sunan kasuwan shine Kasuwar Kaduna ta Tsakiya, amma a alub 1994 an sakewa kasuwan suna bayan wani fitaccen malamin [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]] [[Musulmi|muslim]], marigayi [[Shehu|Sheik]] [[Abubakar Gumi]] kuma cibiyar kasuwanci ce ta [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] kuma mallakar [[Gwamnati|gwamnatin]] jihar [[Gwamnati|ce]] . kabilu daban-daban suna kasuwanci, akwai Yarbawa, [[Hausawa]] da Igbo, waɗanda suke musayar masaniyar kasuwancinsu a matsayin mahangarsu guda. == Fashewar wuta ta farko == A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2000, sama da daruruwan ‘yan kasuwa a Kasuwar Sheik Abubakar mahmud Gumi da ke jihar Kaduna, suka farka, suka gano cewa shagunansu sun kone kurmus. Gobarar ta tashi a tsakiyar dare, kuma ta haddasa asarar daruruwan, kudi da kayayyaki da ke gudana cikin miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] na Najeriya. Wannan dai shine karo na biyu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru. wani kuma ya faru a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200103160414</ref> <ref>'''(Hausa)''' [https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2019/02/shaguna-31-suka-kone-kurmus-a-gobarar-kasuwar-gumi-dake-kaduna/pic-41-fire-at-kaduna-market/ Shaguna 31 suka kone kurmus a gobarar kasuwar Gumi dake Kaduna], ''Premium Times Hausa'', 20 February 2019.</ref> Abubuwan da ba a san su ba sun sa kasuwar Abubakar Gumi ta zama kasuwanci mai cin riba. Kasuwar, wacce gwamnati ta sake gina ta bayan da wuta ta lalata shi a shekarar 2000, tana taka rawa sosai a rayuwar tattalin arziki da rayuwar jama'ar Kaduna. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201301231124</ref> == Barkewar gobara ta ƙarshe == Wuta ta rusa shagunan da yawa a Kasuwar Sheikh Gumi, kusa da Bakin Dogo, Wannan ne karo na uku a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da irin wannan lamarin ya faru, Kimanin kantuna sama da 31 da kayayyakin abinci sun kai miliyoyin [[Naira|nairori]] kuma wutar ta lalata shi, wannan faruwa ranar Laraba 20, 2019. An ƙone shagunan gaba ɗaya. An yi jita-jita cewa gobarar ta fara ne da misalin karfe 2 na safe, ranar Laraba lokacin da yawancin masu shagon suka kasance a gida gaba daya, ban da masu tsaron cikin gida da ke kasuwar. Ba a san ainihin musabbabin wutar ba, amma masu shagon sun nace cewa ya faru ne sakamakon mummunar suturar lantarki. <ref>[https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fire-destroys-31-shops-at-gumi-market-kaduna Fire destroys 31 shops at Gumi Market Kaduna], ''Daily Trust'', 20 February 2019.</ref> == Tunani == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abubakar Mahmud Gumi}} [[Category:Kasuwannin Kaduna]] jvimtzfckooapar49d6b4c2hkprs0cv 0 14582 166142 121528 2022-08-15T11:53:44Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:N'Golo Kanté (cropped).jpg|thumb|N'golo kante]] [[File:France champion of the Football World Cup Russia 2018.jpg|thumb|Kasar faransa rike da kofin duniya]] '''N'Golo Kanté''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1991) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] ƙasar Faransa wanda ke wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na Premier League [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] da ƙungiyar Faransa. Da yawa suna ɗauka kasancewar sa ɗaya daga cikin manyan yan wasan tsakiya na duniya, Kanté ana yabon shi sosai saboda ƙimar aikin sa da ƙwarewarsa a gun kariya. Kanté ya fara buga wasan farko tare da Boulogne a shekara ta 2012, Bayan haka ya koma kungiyar Caen ta Ligue 2 a kyauta, ya gama na uku kuma ya ci gaba zuwa Ligue 1 . Ya ci gaba da zama tare da kulob din har tsawon shekara daya. A cikin shekarar 2015, Kanté ya koma Leicester City akan farashin da ya kai £ 5.6 miliyan kuma ya kasance mai muhimmanci ga nasarar budurwar kungiyar ta Firimiya. 2016, ya koma Chelsea kan kudin da ya kai £ 32 miliyan kuma ya sake lashe gasar, wanda hakan ya sa shi zama dan wasa na farko da ya fara cin gasar Lig ta Ingila tare da kungiyoyi daban-daban tun Eric Cantona a 1992 da 1993. Ya kuma lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasa na PFA na Gwarzon shekara da FWA Kwallon Gwarzon Shekara, Kofin FA, UEFA Europa League, da UEFA Champions League . Kanté ya fara buga wa Faransa tamaula a shekarar 2016 kuma an saka shi cikin kungiyar da ta kare a matsayi na biyu a Gasar Turai ta 2016. A shekara ta 2017 Kanté aka mai suna a Faransa Player na Year, a farko ga wani player daga gasar Premier a shekaru bakwai, kuma watanni goma sha biyu daga baya ya zam key memba na shekarar [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|2018 FIFA World Cup]] da ta lashe gasara. == Klub din == === Boulogne === Wanda aka haifa a [[Faris|Paris]] ga iyayen [[Mali|Malian]] Kanté ya fara aikinsa yana da shekara takwas a JS Suresnes da ke yammacin ƙauyukan babban birnin, ya kasance a can har shekaru goma. A cewar mataimakin manajan Pierre Ville, Kanté ya kasance a waje da radar manyan ƙungiyoyi saboda ƙanƙantar da kansa da salon wasa na rashin son kai. An ƙi shi daga makarantar kimiyya a Clairefontaine a wannan lokacin.  Ta hanyar tuntuɓar shugaban Suresnes a cikin shekarar 2010, ya shiga ƙungiyar ajiyar Boulogne . Ya sanya sana'a halarta a karon karshe wasan na Ligue 2 ranar 18 ga watan Mayu na shekarar 2012, a 1-2 gida da shan kashi da ya riga ya fice tawagar Monaco, ya maye gurbin Virgile Sake saitin ga karshe minti 11. A lokacin shekarar 2012 zuwa 13, ya buga wasa a rukuni na uku na Championnat National, ya rasa wasa daya kawai. A ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, ya zira kwallon farko ta farko, daya tilo a wasan da suka doke Luzenac a filin wasa na Stade de la Libération, kuma ya kara wasu biyu akan yakin. [[File:Kanté.png|thumb| Kanté tare da Caen a cikin 2013]] A shekara ta 2013, ya koma kungiyar Caen ta Ligue 2 kuma ya buga dukkan wasannin 38 a kakarsa ta farko kamar yadda suka zo na uku a Ligue 2, hakan ya sa suka ci gaba zuwa Ligue 1 . A wasansa na biyu a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, ya ci kwallonsa ta farko don daidaitawa a wasan da suka tashi 2-1 a Laval ; ya sake daidaita ƙasa tare da sauran burinsa na kamfen a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2014, a nasarar da aka samu a 1-2 a Istres. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Kanté ya buga wasanni 37 yayin da Caen ya kasance a saman jirgi; rashi guda daya ne aka dakatar dashi ta hanyar kora daga gidan da akayi rashin nasara a gidan Rennes a ranar 30 ga watan Agusta. Makonni uku 3 da suka gabata, ya ci ƙwallo ta farko a raga a wasan da suka doke Evian da ci 3-0. Ya dawo da kwallon sama fiye da kowane dan wasa a Turai. === Leicester City === [[File:Kante Leicester City v Southampton.jpg|thumb|Kante a lecester city]] Steve Walsh ne ya fara zawarcin Kanté don kulob din Premier League na Leicester City, wanda a baya ya taimaka wajen sauya Jamie Vardy da [[Riyad Mahrez]] zuwa kungiyar. An gano shi a matsayin magajin Esteban Cambiasso . A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2015, ya koma Leicester kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu, kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba wanda ya kai € 8&nbsp;miliyan (£ 5.6&nbsp;miliyan). Ya buga wasan sa na farko bayan kwana biyar ta hanyar maye gurbin Vardy na mintina takwas na ƙarshe na cin nasarar gida 4-2 akan Sunderland . A ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba, ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a Premier a wasan da suka doke Watford da ci 2-1. Ya sami yabo da yabo da yawa saboda nuna kwazo da yake yi wa Leicester, kuma ana ganin shi babban jigo ne a cikin kyakkyawan kungiyar yayin da suka ci gaba da lashe Firimiya na shekarar 2015-16, wanda ke ci gaba da samar da adadi mai yawa. tsangwama. A watan Afrilu, yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan Leicester huɗu da aka ambata a cikin Pungiyar PFA ta Shekara . A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, Kanté ya gudanar da wasanni 175 (31 fiye da kowane dan wasa) da kuma katse hanzari 157 (15 ya fi kowane dan wasa), yana sama da alkaluman tsaron a karshen kakar Premier ta shekarar 2015-16. === Chelsea === ==== 2016–17: Mai rike da kambun gasar laliga ==== [[File:Ngolo_Kante_2017.jpg|thumb| Kanté yana wasa a [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] a 2017]] A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli shekarar 2016, Kanté ya sanya hannu kan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] kan kudin da aka ruwaito na £ 32&nbsp;miliyan. Bayan sanya hannu a kwantiragin shekaru biyar tare da kulob din, Kanté ya ce: "Ina matukar farin ciki da sanya hannu kan daya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin Turai. Mafarki ne ya cika mani. ” An yi zargin cewa Arsenal ta janye daga yarjejeniyar saboda kudaden wakili da suka hada da sama da £ 10 miliyan kuma a maimakon haka sun zabi sayen Granit Xhaka . Saboda rikice-rikicen da suka taso sakamakon rabon kudaden wakili, Kanté ya kasance cikin barazanar kisa, da'awar da ya musanta daga baya. An ba Kanté lambar 7, an bar ta fanko tun bayan fitowar Ramires a cikin Janairu. A cewar kafar watsa labarai ta Football Leaks, Chelsea tayi tayin tura wani bangare na albashin zuwa wani asusun waje domin kaucewa haraji. Kanté ya ki yarda tare da lauyan sa inda ya ce a cikin email: "N'golo na da sassauci, kawai yana son a biya shi albashi ne na al'ada." A ranar 15 ga watan Agusta ahekarar 2016, Kanté ya fara wasan farko a gasa a budewar su da West Ham United . Duk da karbar katin gargadi a cikin mintuna uku na farkon wasan, ya haskaka yayin da ake ci gaba da wasan, don taimakawa Chelsea samun nasarar 2-1. Watanni uku bayan komawarsa Landan, ya hadu da tsohuwar kungiyarsa, Leicester City a karon farko, kuma ya kasance Gwarzon Dan wasa a nasarar da aka tashi 3-0. A ranar 23 ga Oktoba, ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a Chelsea a wasan da suka doke [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] da ci 4-0. A ranar 26 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2016, ''L'Équipe'' ya sanya sunan Kanté a matsayin dan wasan kwallon kafa na shida a duniya na shekara ta 2016. A ranar 13 ga watan Maris ga shekarar 2017, Kanté ne aka zaba a matsayin dan wasa kuma ya zira kwallo daya a minti na 51, a wasan dab da na kusa da karshe na cin Kofin FA akan Manchester United a Stamford Bridge . A ranar 20 ga watan Afrilu, an saka Kanté a cikin Kungiyar PFA ta Shekara don karo na biyu a jere. Daga baya kuma aka zaba shi PFA 'Yan wasan Gwarzon Shekara, FWA Kwallon Kwallon Gwarzon Shekara, da kuma Firimiyan Gasar Premier a kakar . Kanté ya zama dan wasa na farko tun bayan Eric Cantona a shekarar 1993 da ya lashe kambin manyan wasanni a Ingila tare da kungiyoyi biyu. ==== 2017–20: Kofin FA, UEFA Europa League sun yi nasara ==== An zabi Kanté don takarar Ballon d'Or a watan Oktobar shekarar 2017. Zai ci gaba da samun lambar yabo ta cin Kofin FA, ya bayyana tsawon mintuna 90 a nasarar da 1-0 da ta doke Manchester United a wasan karshe a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2018. BBC Sport ta bashi kyautar mutumin da ya fi kowa iya wasa. Ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwantaragi na shekaru biyu watan Nuwamba shekarar 2018 wanda ya sanya shi zama dan wasan da ya fi kowanne daukar albashi a Chelsea. Kanté ne ya fara ci wa Chelsea kwallaye biyu da biyu a gasar cin kofin EFL a zagayen kusa da na karshe a gidan Tottenham Hotspur . An tashi wasan ci 2-2 jumulla a karshen minti 90, inda Chelsea ta ci bugun fenariti da ci 4-2. Kanté ya ci kwallaye a wasansa na 300 da kulob din ya buga, kunnen doki 2-2 da Burnley ranar 22 ga watan Afrilu. Duk da cewa bashi da cikakkiyar lafiya, Kanté ya fara wasan karshe na gasar Europa League na shekarar 2018–19 kuma ya mamaye tsakiyar Arsenal yayin da Chelsea tayi nasara da ci 4-1. Kanté ya fara kamfen din Premier na ahekarar 2019 daga benci yayin da Chelsea ta sha kashi a wajen Manchester United da ci 4-0 a waje. Ya yi kusan wata guda yana jinya ciki har da rashin buga wasan bude gasar zakarun Turai da Valencia saboda rauni a idon sawunshi. Kanté ne ya ci kwallo daya tilo a cikin rashin nasara 1-2 da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a filin wasa na Stamford Bridge a ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2019. Manufar sa ta farko a wannan kakar an zabi shi ne don kyautar gwarzon Premier a watan tare da takwaransa na Chelsea, [[Fikayo Tomori]] . Kanté ya nuna bayyanar wasansa na Chelsea karo na 150 da kwallaye a [[Manchester City F.C.|ragar Manchester City]], a wasan da suka sha kashi 1-2 a waje a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba. Daga baya a wannan watan Kanté ya bayyana cewa ya yanke shawara game da komawa [[Paris Saint-Germain|PSG]] kuma ya ce, "'Wani lokacin ba lallai ne mu san inda muke son zuwa ba, amma mun san abin da muke da shi." Ya ce yana jin dadi a Landan kuma yana da imani kan aikin a Chelsea. A watan Mayu na shekarar 2020 yayin annobar COVID-19, Kanté ya zaɓi horarwa daga gida bayan Chelsea ta ci gaba da horo a wurin. Kulob din ya goyi bayan matsayar sa, koda kuwa zai rasa sauran kakar wasan. ==== 2020–21: Wanda ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai ==== Kanté ya yi rawar gani a wasan bude Premier a karawar da suka yi da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion, a wasan da suka tashi 3-1 a waje a ranar 14 ga watan Satumbar 2020. Ya sanya alama a wasansa na 200 a duk gasa tare da kungiyar a ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu 2021 yayin da Chelsea ta doke Atlético Madrid da <ref>{{Cite tweet|title=2️⃣0️⃣0️⃣ Chelsea appearances! 💪 @nglkante|date=23 February 2021}}</ref> a gasar zakarun Turai zagaye na 16. Kanté ya samu yabo sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a tsakanin kungiyoyin Spain, Atlético Madrid da [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], a kan hanyar zuwa wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai . An kira shi mutumin wasan ne yayin da ya lashe gasar Zakarun Turai ta farko bayan da Chelsea ta doke [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City da]] ci 1 da 0 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na 2021 a [[Porto]] . Arsène Wenger ya bayyana ayyukan Kanté a matsayin "mara imani", {{R|rorymay21}} kuma masu sharhi sun yi iƙirarin cewa rawar da Kanté ya taka a gasar zakarun Turai ta saka shi cikin takarar Ballon d'Or ta 2021. A cikin jiran kyautar Kante ya ce "babbar kyauta ce ta mutum ga 'yan wasa, amma ina ganin hakan sakamakon wani lokaci. Ba lallai ne ya zama manufa ce nake aiki da ita ba. ” Bayan wasan Kanté wanda yaci wasa a wasan da Chelsea ta buga har zuwa wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun turai na 2020–21, masana da yawa sun bayyana shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin tsohon dan wasan Faransa da Chelsea Claude Makélélé, wanda ake ganin shine mafi kyawun tsaro 'yan wasan tsakiya na kowane lokaci. {{R|nic1}} == Ayyukan duniya == [[File:N'Golo_Kanté_Russia_2018.jpg|thumb| Kanté ya jera Faransa a gasar [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2018]]]] an haife shi a Mali iyayen, Kanté aka kusata da Mali gaba na 2015 gasar cin kofin Afrika bayan ba ya taka leda a Faransa a wani da shekaru kungiyar teams. Kanté ya ƙi saboda yana ƙoƙari ya kafa kansa a Ligue 1. Mali ta sake gabatar da goron gayyata ga Kanté a cikin watan Janairun shekarar 2016, duk da cewa ya bayyana cewa har yanzu bai yanke shawara game da kungiyar da zai wakilta ba idan ya samu gayyata daga Faransa. A ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekarar 2016, an zabi Kanté a cikin manyan 'yan wasan Faransa a karon farko don fuskantar Netherlands da Rasha a wasannin sada zumunci. Ya fara wasan farko ne da tsohon bayan kwanaki takwas, ya maye gurbin Lassana Diarra a rabin lokaci a wasan da suka tashi 3-2 a Amsterdam Arena . A ranar haihuwarsa ta 25, 29watan Maris, ya fara farawa kuma ya ci kwallaye don bude nasarar 4-2 a kan Rasha a Stade de France ; abokin bikin ranar haihuwar Dimitri Payet shi ma ya ci kwallo. A ranar 10 ga watan Yuni 2016, Kanté ya bayyana a wasansa na farko na gasar Faransa don fara wasan bude gasar Euro 2016 da Romania ; ya buga dukkan wasan, ya yi mafi yawan wucewa, mafi yawan kwallaye, mafi yawan kutse, ya rufe mafi nisa a filin kuma ya taimaka nasarar nasarar Dimitri Payet a nasarar 1-2. A wasan zagaye na 16 da Jamhuriyar Ireland a Parc Olympique Lyonnais, Kanté ya ɗauki katin rawaya a minti na 27 (na biyu na Euro shekarar 2016 wanda zai sa a dakatar da shi daga wasan kusa da na ƙarshe) kuma an maye gurbinsa da Kingsley Coman a minti na 46 tare da Faransa wacce ta bi 0-1 a rabin lokaci. Ba a yi amfani da Kanté ba a wasan karshe, wanda Faransa ta sha kashi a hannun Portugal da ci 1-1 bayan karin lokaci. A ranar 17 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2018, an kira shi ga 'yan wasan Faransa -23 don gasar [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2018]] a Rasha ta hannun manajan [[Didier Deschamps]] . Ya buga dukkan wasannin 7 na Faransa a gasar. An ba shi lambar yabo a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Denmark a wasan karshe na rukuni a ranar 26 ga Yuni, kuma a ranar 15 ga Yuli, Kanté ya fara wasan Faransa da ci 4-2 a kan Croatia a wasan karshe na gasar. == Bayanin mai kunnawa == === Salon wasa === An wasa mai kuzari, mai raɗaɗi, kuma mai ladabi, Kanté an san shi da ƙarfin kuzari da ƙwarewar lashe ƙwallo a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-akwatin a tsakiyar filin wasa. Wannan ana danganta shi da karfin matsayin sa, daga motsawar kwallon, da ikon karanta wasan. Wasansa ana ɗaukar shi azaman, ko ɗawainiya tare da shi, yin "aikin datti", wanda ya haɗa da gudu, ɗiba, da kuma dawo da mallaka. Ya kasance marigayi ɗan wasa kuma tun yana ɗan shekara 21 kawai ya yi fice ne babba a rukuni na biyu na ƙwallon Faransa . Ya yaba da natsuwarsa da halayyar sa a filin wasan zuwa hawan sa a hankali ta hanyar matakai uku a cikin rukunin wasan kwallon kafa . Yawanci sanannen Dan wasa ne saboda wayewar kan sa, da hankali, da hangen nesa, da kuma yanayin tsaron wasan sa - ikon iyawa da dawo da mallaka, sakonnin wucewa, da toshe harbe - Kanté kuma yana iya yin wasan kwaikwayo daga cikin rabin sa kuma yana da ƙwarewa mai wucewa a kan kai hari, taimakawa bugun fara fara wasan kai tsaye nan da nan bayan cin nasara da ƙwallo. Hakanan yana cikin sauri sama da ƙasa filin kuma sau da yawa yakan kawo ƙarshen kai hare hare zuwa cikin akwatin. Kanté ya ambaci Lassana Diarra da kuma Claude Makélélé, wanda ake yawan kwatanta su da shi, a matsayin wahayi amma ya nace yana da nasa salon da kuma yadda yake fuskantar wasan, daya wanda ba shi da tsari {{R|nic1}} {{R|twomey2}} kuma an bayyana shi da " ''karya hudu'' ", " ''relayeur'' ", " ''carrilero'' ", {{R|tinashe1}} da " ''mezzala'' ". Kodayake Kanté ba lallai ne ya ji daɗin rawar da yake takawa ba, ya taɓa faɗi, "[gamsuwa] ta dawo da ƙwallo, da kare ƙungiyata daga harin abokin hamayya" shi ne abin da ke ci gaba da tafiya. Kanté ya yi mafi yawan tuntuba a cikin manyan wasannin Turai a cikin yanayi-da-baya (14-15 da 15-16). A wasannin farko da ya buga na gasar Firimiya wasa 150 ya ci nasara 92, nasarar 28 da kuma kwallaye 10 A cikin shekaru biyar, a Firimiya Lig, har yanzu bai karɓi jan kati ba. {{R|liam1}} A karkashin manajan Chelsea Maurizio Sarri, an tura Kanté cikin rawar matsakaicin matsakaiciyar rawa — wacce ya taba takawa a baya a Leicester — inda ya nuna ingancin mallaka da aikin daukar kwallo. A cikin shekarar 2021, Tuchel ya dawo da Kanté a cikin "riɓi shida" don ya sami babban sakamako, galibi a gefen dama na haɗin gwiwa tare da Jorginho ko [[Mateo Kovačić|Mateo Kovačin]] . Kanté ya kasance mai tasiri a cikin duka biyun da ya dagula wasan abokin hamayyarsa a kashi na uku da kuma saurin kai hare-hare daga tsakiyar fili. {{R|liam1}} === Yanayin aiki === A watan Afrilun shekarar 2016, Sir Alex Ferguson ya jinjina wa Kanté a matsayin dan wasa mafi kyau a Firimiya, yayin da shekara mai zuwa, tsohon dan wasan Chelsea Frank Lampard ya sanya shi a matsayin mafi kyawun dan wasan tsakiya na duniya. Abokin wasansa na tsakiya wanda ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya, [[Paul Pogba]], ya ce zai iya wuce dukkan 'yan wasa 11. Manajansa wanda ya lashe gasar laliga, Claudio Ranieri, sau da yawa yakan yi masa ba'a game da cewa yana da "batir" sannan ya ce: "Wata rana, zan gan ka ka haye kwallon sannan kuma in gama gicciye da kanka." Thomas Tuchel, wanda Kanté ya ci Kofin Zakarun Turai na 2021, ce, "Idan kun yi wasa tare da N'Golo kuna da rabin mutum fiye da haka; wannan babu irinsa. Yana shi ne yardar su zama kocin, ya shi ne babban kyauta ga ni, a Guy haka, don haka da tawali'u da kuma wanda yake irin wannan babban mataimaki a kan farar. " {{R|liam1}} Kashe da farar wutã ne, Kanté ta tsohon kocin Chelsea, Antonio Conte, ya yaba da da'arsa ta aiki da kuma shirye-shiryensa na ci gaba. Shahararren meme na Intanit cewa ''kashi 70% na duniya sun mamaye ruwa kuma sauran ta tagwayen Kanté suna misalta tsayuwarsa'' a tsakanin magoya baya da kuma yarda da ɗabi'ar aikinsa da karatun wasan. {{R|:0}} == Rayuwar mutum == Kanté Musulmi ne mai yin addini. An haife shi a [[Faris|birnin Paris]] ga [[Mali|iyayen Mali]] waɗanda suka yi ƙaura zuwa Faransa daga Mali a shekara ta 1980. Ya girma a cikin ƙaramin gida a Rueil-Malmaison, Hauts-de-Seine . Mahaifinsa ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan N'Golo ya cika shekaru 11 kuma babban yayansa Niama ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya kafin gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2018. An sanya masa suna bayan Sarki Ngolo Diarra na Daular Bamana . Kanwarsa ma tana cikin tsarin matasa a Suresnes. [[Ronaldo (Brazil)|Ronaldo]], [[Ronaldinho]] da [[Diego Maradona]] sune 'yan wasan da ya fi so su girma. Yana dan shekara 21, a lokacin da yake taka leda a Boulogne, ya samu difloma a fannin lissafi. A farkon fara aikin sa a Boulogne, ya koma horo a kan babur mai harbi kuma tun daga shekarar 2018 ya tuka Mini Hatch - sayayyar sa ta farko a Ingila saboda ya sami saukin koyan tuki a ciki. Kanté yana sane da hangen nesan da yake yi na jama'a a matsayin mutum mai kunya da sirri, amma kuma ya ce labaru game da shi na yanzu da tsoffin abokan wasansa, kamar Jamie Vardy, galibi ana ta wuce gona da iri. Laƙabin sunan Kanté "NG," kuma a wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, yana jin daɗin yin wasan ƙwallo. Waƙar sa zuwa-karaoke ita ce Vegedream 's " Ramenez la coupe à la maison ". A lokacin da ya fara wasa a Chelsea, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "lokacin damuwa," abokan wasan nasa sun ce bai cika surutu ba. Abincin da ya fi so shi ne thieboudienne saboda girkin mahaifiyarsa. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kulab === {{Updated|match played 29 May 2021}}<ref name=Soccerway>{{cite web |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/ngolo-kante/214469/ |title=N. Kanté: Summary |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group |access-date=28 September 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup{{Efn|Includes [[Coupe de France]], [[FA Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |League Cup{{Efn|Includes [[Coupe de la Ligue]], [[EFL Cup|Football League/EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Boulogne |2011–12 |Ligue 2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2012–13 |Championnat National |37 |3 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !38 !3 !2 !1 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !40 !4 |- | rowspan="3" |Caen |2013–14 |Ligue 2 |38 |2 |4 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |43 |3 |- |2014–15 |Ligue 1 |37 |2 |1 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |39 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !75 !4 !5 !2 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !82 !6 |- |Leicester City |2015–16 |Premier League |37 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |40 |1 |- | rowspan="6" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2016–17 |Premier League |35 |1 |5 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |41 |2 |- |2017–18 |Premier League |34 |1 |5 |0 |2 |0 |6{{Efn}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |48 |1 |- |2018–19 |Premier League |36 |4 |2 |0 |5 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 |0 |0 |53 |5 |- |2019–20 |Premier League |22 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |4{{Efn}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Super Cup]]}} |0 |28 |3 |- |2020–21 |Premier League |30 |0 |4 |0 |1 |0 |13{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |48 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !157 !9 !17 !1 !9 !1 !33 !0 !2 !0 !218 !11 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !307 !17 !25 !4 !13 !1 !33 !0 !2 !0 !380 !22 |}   === Na duniya === {{Updated|match played 28 June 2021}}<ref name=NFT>{{NFT player |id=63571|name=Kanté, N'Golo |access-date=25 April 2019}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara ! Teamungiyar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Ayyuka ! Goals |- | rowspan="6" | Faransa | 2016 | 13 | 1 |- | 2017 | 7 | 0 |- | 2018 | 16 | 0 |- | 2019 | 3 | 0 |- | 2020 | 5 | 1 |- | 2021 | 6 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 50 ! 2 |} : ''Kamar yadda aka buga wasa 28 Yuni 2021.'' ''Lissafin Faransa da aka jera a farko, shafi mai maki yana nuna ƙwallaye bayan kowane burin Kanté.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Jerin kwallayen duniya da N'Golo Kanté ya ci ! scope="col" | A'a ! scope="col" | Kwanan wata ! scope="col" | Wuri ! scope="col" | Hoto ! scope="col" | Kishiya ! scope="col" | Ci ! scope="col" | Sakamakon ! scope="col" | Gasa |- | align="center" | 1 | 29 Maris 2016 | Stade de France, Saint-Denis, Faransa | align="center" | 2 |</img> Rasha | align="center" | 1 - 0 | align="center" | 4-2 | Abokai |- | align="center" | 2 | 14 Nuwamba 2020 | Estádio da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal | align="center" | 44 |</img> Fotigal | align="center" | 1 - 0 | align="center" | 1 - 0 | 2020–21 UEFA Nations League A |} == Honours == '''Leicester City''' * Premier : 2015-16 '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : 2016–17 * Kofin FA : 2017–18 ; zo na biyu: 2016-17, 2019-20, 2020–21 * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : 2020–21 * UEFA Europa League : 2018–19 * EFL wacce ta zo ta biyu: 2018-19 '''Faransa''' * FIFA World Cup : [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|2018]] * UEFA ta zo ta biyu a gasar zakarun Turai : 2016 '''Kowane mutum''' * Teamungiyar PFA ta Shekara : 2015-16 Premier League, 2016-17 Premier League * Kungiyar ESM ta Shekara : 2015-16, 2016-17 * Landan ‘Yan wasan Leicester City na Gwarzon Gwarzo : 2015-16 * Éungiyar L'Équipe na Shekara: 2016, 2017, 2018 * PFA Fans 'Premier League Player of the Month: Maris 2017 * PFA 'Yan wasan Gwarzon Gwarzo : 2016-17 * Premier League Player of the Season : 2016–17 * WAan wasan FWA na Shekara : 2016-17 * Dan wasan Chelsea na Gwarzon dan wasa na bana : 2016–17 * [[Chelsea F.C.|Dan wasan Chelsea na Gwarzon]] : 2017-18 * Trophées UNFP don Mafi kyawun Playeran wasan Faransa a roadasar : 2017, 2018 * Landan Kyautar Kwallon Kwallon Landan Gwarzon Gwarzo: 2017 * Gwarzon Dan wasan Faransa : 2017 * FIFA FIFPro Duniya11 : 2018 * FIFA FIFPro World11 kungiya ta 2: 2017 * FIFA FIFPro World11 3rd team: 2016 * FIFA FIFPro World11 da aka zaba: 2019 (dan wasan tsakiya na 4), 2020 (dan wasan tsakiya na 6) * Mafi Kyawun 'Yan Wasan FIFA : 2017 - na 9 * Ballon d'Or : 2017 (wuri na 8), 2018 (na 11) * Teamungiyar Uefa ta Gwarzon : 2018 * UEFA Europa League Squad na kakar: 2018–19 * EA Sports FIFA Team of the Year: 2018, 2019 * ESPN Dan wasan tsakiya na Shekara: 2019 * Uefa Champions League na Manarshen Mutumin Wasan: 2021 * UEFA Champions League Squad na kakar: 2020–21 '''Umarni''' * Knight na Legion na Daraja : 2018 == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/first-team/n-golo-kante?pageTab=biography Bayani] a gidan yanar gizon Chelsea FC * N' Golo Kanté * N' Golo Kanté [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> 0qx48j1z749zam2px8uue5zqhuz3svp 0 14664 165956 148582 2022-08-14T17:40:36Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= [[File:SHUGABA.jpg|thumb]] |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari. == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. [[File:MR PRESIDENT.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Mai Taimako.jpg|thumb]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] lqjgk3rsedjmniht1enk866mtce5c6a 166095 165956 2022-08-15T04:24:48Z CommonsDelinker 75 Removing [[:c:File:MR_PRESIDENT.jpg|MR_PRESIDENT.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Pi.1415926535|Pi.1415926535]] because: Copyright violation; see [[:c:COM:Licensing|Commons:Licensing]] ([[:c:COM:CSD#F1|F1]]). wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= [[File:SHUGABA.jpg|thumb]] |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari. == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. [[File:Mai Taimako.jpg|thumb]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] gdvtgqt8l6xm6q12y37rmdjsleca658 166096 166095 2022-08-15T04:24:59Z CommonsDelinker 75 Removing [[:c:File:SHUGABA.jpg|SHUGABA.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Pi.1415926535|Pi.1415926535]] because: Copyright violation; see [[:c:COM:Licensing|Commons:Licensing]] ([[:c:COM:CSD#F1|F1]]). wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari. == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. [[File:Mai Taimako.jpg|thumb]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] 71c31lxa6wrgs6vlqn66hlcivia069w 166097 166096 2022-08-15T04:25:12Z CommonsDelinker 75 Removing [[:c:File:Mai_Taimako.jpg|Mai_Taimako.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Pi.1415926535|Pi.1415926535]] because: Copyright violation; see [[:c:COM:Licensing|Commons:Licensing]] ([[:c:COM:CSD#F1|F1]]). wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari. == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] d36k8rkn7f0brh5dtrd36vr5d4bbpsp 166099 166097 2022-08-15T06:49:40Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari.==Wakokinsa== Dauda kahutu rarara yayi wakoki da dama, ga kaɗan daga cikin '''fitattun''' wakokinsa; * Masu Gudu-su-Gudu * Buhari ya Dawo * Baba Buhari dodar * Jahata ce * Kwana ɗarin Dallatu * Kano ta Gandujace * Ubban Abba zama daram ==Shugaban 13x13== Shine shugaban kungiyar matasan kannywood ta 13x13, wata kungiya ce ta adadin mutum sha ukku (13), kuma ko wanne mutum daya daga cikin su sha ukkun yana da mutum 13 dake karkashinsa.<ref>https://fimmagazine.com/cewar-rarara-a-taron-13x13-za-mu-iya-ciyar-da-mutum-miliyan-gomaidan- mun-ha%C9%97a-kai/ </ref> == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] jssfteotmtpx2hyi3en4x01ggrxhtvy 166100 166099 2022-08-15T06:50:16Z BnHamid 12586 /* Siyasa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name=Dauda Kahutu Rarara |occupation=[[Mawaƙi]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater= |image= |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Jihar Katsina]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date= |birth_name=Dauda |caption= |website= }} '''Dauda Kahutu Rarara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Rarara''' an haife shine a ( [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] ) shahararren mawaƙin siyasa ne a [[Nijeriya]], mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa,Ni Abdussamad nace Dauda Kahutu Rarara yafi kowa kudi a Kannywood.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/media-54174138</ref> wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rera waƙoƙin siyasa ga ƴan siyasar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2015, musamman ma ga shugaban Najeriya na yanzu [[Muhammadu Buhari]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda_Kahutu_Rarara#cite_note-2</ref> da gwamnan [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] [[Aminu Bello Masari]].<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2019/10/dauda-kahutu-rarara-songs-sabuwar-wakar-rarara-a-kotun-ma-ganduje-ne-a-inec-ma-ganduje-ne-wakokin-rarara-rarara-abba-zaman-gida-dole-rarara-ganduje-rarara-masari-rarara-buhari-download-wakokin-rarara-mp3-songs.html</ref>. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifeshi ne a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] a wani kauye da ake kira Kahutu, Yayi karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Alqur'ani]] a makarantar [[Allo|Almajiranci]], wata hanyar gargajiya ce ta [[Harshen Hausa|Hausawa]] ta koyon [[Musulunci|addinin Musulunci]]. == Siyasa == Rarara ya kasance sananne ne yayin babban zaben Najeriya na 2015, lokacin da yake rera wakoki da dama ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] da kuma adawa da shugabancin [[Goodluck Jonathan]] a galibin wakokin nasa. A watan satumba na 2020, Rarara ya nemi gudummawa daga masoyan Muhammadu Buhari, don tura masa Naira dubu daya don sakin bidiyon minti biyu na yabon Muhammadu Buhari, cikin kasa da awanni 48 Ya karbi [[Naira]] miliyan 57 don sakin wakar wacce Ya yaba Muhammadu Buhari. ==Wakokinsa== Dauda kahutu rarara yayi wakoki da dama, ga kaɗan daga cikin '''fitattun''' wakokinsa; * Masu Gudu-su-Gudu * Buhari ya Dawo * Baba Buhari dodar * Jahata ce * Kwana ɗarin Dallatu * Kano ta Gandujace * Ubban Abba zama daram ==Shugaban 13x13== Shine shugaban kungiyar matasan kannywood ta 13x13, wata kungiya ce ta adadin mutum sha ukku (13), kuma ko wanne mutum daya daga cikin su sha ukkun yana da mutum 13 dake karkashinsa.<ref>https://fimmagazine.com/cewar-rarara-a-taron-13x13-za-mu-iya-ciyar-da-mutum-miliyan-gomaidan- mun-ha%C9%97a-kai/ </ref> == Sukar == Wasu futattun matasa sun afkawa Rarara yayin da yake daukar bidiyo a jihar Katsina.Ana zargin sa da wawure Naira Miliyan 100 da [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar]] siyasa ta [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ta ba wa duk wadanda ke rera wakoki ga kungiyar siyasa. <gallery> [[File:RARARA.jpg|thumb]] |Dauda Kahutu Rarara </gallery>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Mutanen Nijeriya]] [[Category:Mawaƙa]] [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] j3i0yyuggoupye8k6i7qhqa9tsiksf7 0 14960 166109 125288 2022-08-15T07:17:48Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=David Muir|image=David Muir in 2020.jpg|alt=|caption=|birth_name=David Jason Muir|birth_date={{birth date and age|1973|11|8}}|birth_place=[[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States|U.S.]]|nationality=[[United States|American]]|alma_mater=[[Ithaca College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|occupation=[[Television news anchor]], [[Television journalist]] and [[Managing editor]]|years_active=1995–present|employer=[[The Walt Disney Company]]|television=''[[ABC World News Tonight]]''<br />weekend (2007–2014) <br />weeknight (2014–present)<br />''[[20/20 (U.S. TV series)|20/20]]''<br />(2013–2018)|term=Anchor of ''ABC World News Tonight''|predecessor=[[Diane Sawyer]]}} '''David Jason Muir''' (An haife shi ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba, 1973). ɗan [[Ɗan jarida|jaridar]] Ba'amurke [[Ɗan jarida|ne]] kuma mai gudaner da shiri ''ABC World News na dare'' kuma mai haɗin gwiwa ne na mujallar ABC News 20/20, wani ɓangare na sashen labarai na gidan talabijin na watsa labarai na ABC, wanda ke [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]]. Muir a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gudanar da shiri karshen mako kuma bangare na farko a gidan ''Talabijin na'' ABC na ''Dare tare da Diane Sawyer'', wanda ya gaje ta a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2014. A ABC News, Muir ya lashe lambar yabo Emmy da Edward R. Murrow da yawa saboda aikin jarida da na duniya. Dangane da Rahoton Tyndall, rahoton Muir ya sami mafi yawan loka shekarar in iska a cikin shekarar 2012 da shekara ta 2013, wanda ya sa ya zama ɗayan fitattun 'yan jarida a Amurka. ''Labaran Duniya a Dare'' ''tare da David Muir'' ya zama gidan labarai da aka fi kallo a Amurka. A shekarar 2013, shirin telebijin na mako yazo na "12 da ake kalla a cikin Labaran Talabijin". Muir da aka jera a matsayin daya daga ''cikin wonda ya fi daukan sha´awa a shekarar'' 2014. == Tarihin Rayuwar sa == David Muir an haife shi ne darikar Roman Katolika a garin Syracuse, New York, ya girma ne a tsaunin Onondaga, kuma yana da iya magana da harshen Sifen. Muir yana da kani daya da kannai guda biyu na yayan bappanunsa, da kuma kane shida da kanne guda uku na yayan kawu nen sa. Yayinda yake yaro, yana kallon shirin flagship ABC News kowane dare tare da danginsa kuma ya ba da kyauta mai tsawo ga Peter Jennings a matsayin babbar tasirin aikin jarida. Ya kammmala karatu daga Onondaga Central Junior-Senior High School a watan Mayu a shekarar 1991 kuma ya halarci Kwalejin Ithaca ta gida, ya kammala ''karatunsa'' na digiri na farko a fannin aikin jarida a watan Mayu shekarar 1995. Yayin da yake kwaleji, wani farfesa ne ya yi wahayi zuwa ga Muir wanda ya gaya masa cewa yana da “zai iya labaran Jaridar na TV.” Ya yi wani zangon karatu a Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Jarida ta Siyasa a Asusun Nazarin Amurka a Jami'ar Georgetown da kuma wani zangon karatu a ƙasashen waje a Jami'ar Salamanca ta Spain tare da Cibiyar Ilimin na dalibai . == Ayyuka == Daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekara ta 2000, Muir yayi aiki a matsayin gudanar wa kuma mai rahoto a WTVH-TV a Syracuse, New York. kuma maikawo rohhoto daga Kudus, Tel Aviv, Isra’ila, da Zirin Gaza biyo bayan kisan gillan Firayim Ministan Isra’ila Yitzhak Rabin na shekarar 1995 ya ba shi babbar girmamawa daga Kungiyar Daraktocin Labaran Rediyo-Talabijin .  Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Associated Press ya karrama Muir don Rahoton Kasuwanci mafi Kyawu da Mafi Kyawun Hirar Gidan Talabijin.  Pressungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Syracuse ta amince da Muir a matsayin mai gudanar wa na "Mafi kyawun Labarai na Gida", kuma an zaɓi shi ɗaya daga cikin "mai gudanar da Labaran Cikin Gida Mafi Kyau" a cikin Syracuse. === WCVB talabijin === Daga shekarar 2000 zuwa shekara ta 2003, Muir mai gudanar wa ne kuma mai ba da rahoto ne ga gidan talabijin na WCVB a [[Boston]], inda ya ci lambar yabo ta Edward R. Murrow na yankin saboda rahoton bincike da lambar yabo ta National Headliner da Associated Press saboda aikinsa na bin hanyar maharan da lamarin ya shafa a cikin harin 11 ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2001 . Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Associated Press kuma ya fahimci tatsuniyoyinsa da bayar da rahoto. === Labaran ABC === [[File:President_Trump_Visits_Honeywell_International_Inc._(49863547766).jpg|right|thumb|Muir yana hira da Shugaba [[Donald Trump]] a cikin 2020]] A watan Agusta shekarar 2003, Muir ya shiga ABC News a matsayin mai gudanar wa na shirin labaran yanzu dare ''News World Now'' . Ya kuma zama mai gudanar war labarai na ABC News da sanyin safiyar ''Labaran Duniya na Safiyar yau ( Amurka A Safiyar yau ).'' Farawa a watan Yunin shekarar 2007, Muir shine mai gudanar da ''Labaran Duniya a kowonne Asabar'' . A cikin shekarar 2006, da kuma wasu lokuta daga baya, ya haɗu da majallar labarai ta ''Primetime'' . A watan Fabrairun shekarar 2012, Muir ya zama mai gudanar da labaran karshen mako, kuma aka sanya sunan watsa labaran <nowiki><i id="mwag">Labaran Duniya</i></nowiki> ''tare da David Muir'' . An yaba wa Muir da shiru a cikin kimantawar watsa shirye-shiryen ƙarshen mako. A watan Maris na shekarar 2013, Muir ya sami ci gaba zuwa haɗin gwiwa tare da ABC's 20/20 tare da Elizabeth Vargas . A watan Satumbar shekarar 2005, Muir yana cikin New Orleans Superdome yayin da mahaukaciyar guguwar Katrina ta buga, kuma ya zauna a New Orleans don ba da rahoto game da matsalar jin kai da ke faruwa. Rahotannin Muir sun bayyana kuma sun nuna yanayin lalacewar da ke cikin Cibiyar Taro da Asibitin Sadaka, yayin da Muir da mai daukar hotonsa suka bi ta cikin wata ruwa mai zurfin har kirji mai hana gano marasa lafiyar da ke cikin asibitin. Muir ya ruwaito daga iyakar Isra’ila da Labanon a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006 kan yakin Isra’ila da kungiyar Hizbullah. Muir ya kasance a Gaza a cikin watan Maris na shekarar 2007 don ba da rahoto game da juyin mulkin Hamas, yana ba da rahoto daga cikin [[Zirin Gaza|Zirin na Gaza]] . A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2007, an tura Muir zuwa [[Peru]] bayan mummunar girgizar da ta auka wa kasar a cikin shekaru fiye da 20. A watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, Muir ya ba da rahoto daga [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]], fiye da shekaru 20 bayan hatsarin nukiliya na Chernobyl . A cikin watan Afrilu shekarar 2009, David Muir da Diane Sawyer sun ba da rahoton ''awanni a awa 20/20'' game da bindigogi a Amurka suna samun “sakamako mai tayar da hankali” kamar yadda ''New York Daily News ta bayyana'' . A watan Mayu shekarar 2009, rahoton Muir a ranar ''20/20 ya'' nuna ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin yara marasa muhalli a Amurka. Muir ya yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa zuwa Tekun Mexico don bincika malalar man BP . A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2011, Muir ya ba da rahoto daga [[Haiti]] bayan mahaukaciyar guguwar kuma ya dawo ya ba da rahoto game da hare-haren da ake kaiwa mata. A watan Yunin shekarar 2011, Muir ya ba da rahoto daga dandalin Tahrir yayin juyin juya halin siyasa a Masar, da kuma daga Fukushima, Japan sakamakon mummunan tsunami da tashar makamashin nukiliya. Muir yayi rubuta game da rahotonsa daga Mogadishu, Somalia, da kuma dawowarsa mai zuwa, "Cikin Cutar Cutar Cutar Somaliya", don Daily Beast. Muir ya kuma kafa wasu awanni na bala'in a Newtown yayin da yake faruwa, sannan ya ba da rahoto daga wurin yayin da Shugaba Obama ya ziyarci garin. Muir ya kuma ba da rahoto daga harbe-harben taron silima a Aurora, Colorado; daga Joplin, Missouri bayan afkuwar guguwa mai halakarwa; kuma daga Tucson, Arizona bayan harbin ‘yar majalisa Gabrielle Giffords wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar wasu shida. A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2012, Muir ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu aiko da rahotanni ga zaben Shugaban Kasar Amurka na shekarar 2012 . Ganawar da Muir ya yi da dan takarar Republican Mitt Romney wonda ya haifar da manyan labarai na kasa kan batutuwan da suka shafi tattalin arziki da manufofin bakin haure a Amurka. zaben Muir Emmy- ya sa ''Amurka'' jerin a kan Amirka, tattalin arziki ne a ci gaba da alama a kan ya watsa shirye-shirye . Muir ya kawo jerin shirye-shiryen zuwa wasu shirye-shiryen talabijin, gami da ABC's ''The View'', inda ya yi aiki a matsayin baƙon maƙon. A watan Janairun shekarar 2013, Muir ya ba da rahoto daga cikin Iran, har ya zuwa tattaunawar nukiliyar. Muir shine dan jaridar Yammacin Turai na farko da ya kawo rahoto daga Mogadishu, Somalia game da yunwa. Muir da tawagarsa sun sha suka yayin da suke ba da rahoto daga Mogadishu. A cikin shekarar 2013, ya karɓi kyautar Edward R. Murrow don rahotonsa. A ranar 27 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 2014, ABC News ta sanar da cewa Muir zai gaji Diane Sawyer a matsayin mai gudanerwa da kuma editan ''ABC World News'' . Muir ya fara watsa shirye-shiryensa na farko a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2014. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2015, "Labaran Duniya na Daren kowonne rana tare da David Muir" ya zama labaran da aka fi kallo a kasar da yamma, wanda ya wuce NBC Nightly News a karon farko tun daga 7 ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2009. A watan Maris na shekarar 2016, Muir ya fitar da rahoto na tsawon shekara game da rikicin jaruntaka a Amurka, inda ya ci lambar yabo ta CINE Golden Eagle saboda rahotonsa. == Rayuwar sa da alumma == Muir ya gabatar da jawabin farawa ne a Kwalejin Ithaca da ke New York a watan Mayu na shekarar 2011, a lokacin ya bukaci wadanda suka kammala karatun su yi amfani da muryoyin su. A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2015, Muir ya karɓi digirin girmamawa na Doctor na Haruffa da kuma Jessica Savitch Award na Bambancin forwarewa a Fannin Aikin Jarida daga Kwalejin Ithaca. A ranar 8 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 2015, Muir ya gabatar da jawabin farawa a Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas da ke Massachusetts. A yayin bikin, an ba shi digirin girmamawa na Doctor na Media. A ranar 12 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 2018, Muir ya gabatar da adireshin farawa a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison da ke Madison, Wisconsin. == Duba kuma == * New Yorkers a cikin aikin jarida ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 80b6u8drxxk96abt9xlcq8pt4numq86 0 16594 165961 162024 2022-08-14T19:55:46Z Bilkisu Abdul 18385 Gyara wikitext text/x-wiki Addinin Musulunci Addini ne da yake nufin yarda da mika wuya ga Allah (S W A) shikadai amatsayin mahalicci kuma wanda ya can-canci abauta masa shi kadai tare dayi mishi biyayya akan aduk wani abunda yayi umarni dakuma gujema dukkanin abinda yayi hani tahanyar littafin sa mai tsarki wato (Al-qur'ani) da Allah yasaukarwa annabi Muhammad (S A W) dakuma koyarwar annabin. Addinin Musulunci yaginu akan karantar da Gaskiya da amana zumunci tausayi zaman lafiya Jinkai kyautatawa da sauran dabiu masu kyau . == Addinin Dharmic == Addinan da suke da ra'ayin Dharma . === Jainanci === === Buddha === * Makarantun Nikaya (waɗanda a tarihi ake kiransu Hinayana a Yamma) ** Theravada *** Sri Lankan Amarapura Nikaya *** Sri Lankan Siam Nikaya *** Sri Lanka Ramañña Nikaya *** Bangaladash Sangharaj Nikaya *** Bangladesh Mahasthabir Nikaya *** Thai Maha Nikaya **** Makaungiyar Dhammakaya *** Thai Thammayut Nikaya *** Al'adar Gandun Dajin Thai * Mahayana ** Buddhist na 'yan Adam ** Madhyamika ** Addinin Buddha na Nichiren *** Soka Gakkai ** Kasa Tsarkakakkiya ** Tathagatagarbha ** Tiantai *** Tendai ** Zen *** Caodong *** Fuke Zen *** Makarantar Kwan Um ta Zen *** Sanbo Kyodan *** Sōtō *** Akubaku (makarantar Buddha) *** Rinzai * Vajrayana ** Shingon Buddhi yupa **** Dagpo Kagyu ***** Karma Kagyu ***** Barom Kagyu ***** Tsalpa Kagyu ***** Phagdru Kagyu ***** Drikung Kagyu ***** Drukpa Kagyu **** Shangpa Kagyu *** Nyingmapa *** Sakyapa **** Jonangpa * Navayana * Sabbin ƙungiyoyin Buddha ** Aum Shinrikyo (yanzu ana kiransa Aleph) ** Diamond Way ** Abokai na Dokar Buddha ta Yamma ** Sabuwar Al'adar Kadampa ** Raba Duniya ** Makarantar Buddha ta Gaskiya ** Motsa Vipassana === Addinin Hindu === * Agama Hindu Dharma * Tarurrukan Hindu * Lingayatism * Gyara ƙungiyoyi ** Arya Samaj ** Brahmo Samaj * Shaivism * Shaktism * Tantrism * Smartism * Vaishnavism ** Gaudiya Vaishnavism *** ISKCON ( Hare Krishna ) ; Manyan makarantu da ƙungiyoyin falsafar Hindu * Nyaya * Purva mimamsa * Samkhya * Vaisheshika * Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa) ** Advaita Vedanta ** Haɗin Yoga ** Vishishtadvaita ** Dvaita Vedanta * Yoga ** Ashtanga Yoga ** Bhakti Yoga ** Hatha yoga ** Siddha Yoga ** Tantric Yoga === Sikh === * [[Sikh|Akhand Kirtani Jatha (AKJ)]] * [[Sikh|Amritdhari Sikh]] * Brahm Bunga Dogara (Dodra) * Bhaniara Bhavsagar * Bayan bayawale Jatha * Damdami Taksal (DDT) * Dera Sacha Sauda * Haripagni * Kahna Dhesian * Mahant Sikh * Minas (Mirharvan) * Namdhari Sikh (Kuka) * Nanakpanthi * Neeldhari Panth * [[Sikh|Distance Watsa-Nihang (Akali)]] * Nirankari Sikh * [[Sikh|Nirmala Panth]] * Nirvair Khalsa Daal * [[Sikh|Ba Kesdhari Ba na Addini ba]] * Farfesa Darshan Singh Khalsa (SGGS Academy) * Radhaswami Sikh * Ramraiyya (Ram Rai) * [[Sikh|Ravidassia Dharam]] * [[Sikh|Sanatan Sikh Sabha]] * Sant Mat Movement * [[Sikh|Sant Nirankari Ofishin Jakadancin]] * [[Sikh|Sehejdhari Daal]] * [[Sikh|Sikh Dharma International (SDI)]] * Sindhi Sikhi * [[Sikh|Tapoban Tat-Gurmat]] * [[Sikh|Udasi Sikh]] === Sauran === * Ayyavazhi == Addinan Ibrahim == Rukunin Addinai wadanda suke danganta kansu da Annabi [[Ibrahim]] . === Kiristanci === ==== Katolika ==== * Catholicungiyar Katolika ta Patasar Katolika (CPCA) * Ikklesiyoyin Katolika masu zaman kansu ** Cocin Katolika na Apostolic na Brazil ** Cocin mai zaman kansa na Philippine (A cikin tarayya da Cocin Anglican da Union of Utrecht ) ** Cocin Katolika na Yaren mutanen Poland ** Union of Utrecht (A cikin tarayya da Cocin Anglican ) * Tsohon Katolika ** Cocin Katolika na Liberal * Roman Katolika ** Sui iuris (gami da majami'u na Byzantine Rite ) ** Katolika na Gargajiya * Cocin Katolika na Gabas * Cocin Katolika na Syriac ==== Gabas da Gabas ta Tsakiya ==== * Gabas ta Tsakiya ** Cocin Orthodox na Girka ** Cocin Orthodox na Rasha * Gabas ta Tsakiya ** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic ** Cocin Orthodox na Habasha * Kiristanci na Siriya ** Cocin Assuriya na Gabas ** Cocin Orthodox na Indiya *** Cocin Siriya na Malankara Orthodox *** Cocin Orthodox na Syriac ** Cocin Mar Thoma ==== Furotesta ==== * Anglicanism ( '''''ta kafofin watsa labarai''''' tsakanin '''Cocin Roman Katolika''' da '''Furotesta''' ) ** Licungiyar Angilikan *** Cocin Ingila *** Cocin Ireland *** Cocin Wales *** Cocin Episcopal (Amurka) *** Cocin Episcopal na Scotland * Furotesta na pre-Lutheran ** Hussites ** Lollards ** Waldeniyas * Anabaptists ** Amish ** 'Yan'uwa cikin Kristi ** Cocin 'yan uwa ** Hutterites ** Mennonites ** Germanan’uwa ‘yan’uwan tsohuwar Jamusanci * Baptisma * 'Yan uwa * Cocin Katolika na Apostolic * Risarfin motsa jiki * Christadelphians * Cocin Kiristan Isra'ila * Sabuwar Matsayin Addini na Krista ** Cocin Unification (Moonies) ** Kimiyyar Kirista ** 'Ya'yan Allah ** Haikali na Jama'a * Kiristanci na Esoteric * Cocin Presbyterian na Ulster kyauta * Addinin Lutheranci * Tsarin Mulki * Addinin Yahudanci na Almasihu * Mai Tsarki Coci of Allah a cikin Kristi Yesu * Sabon Tunani * Pentikostalizim ** Kadaitaka Pentikostalizim * Bautar Allah ** Tsarkaka motsi * Ikklisiya da aka gyara ** Tsarkakewa ** Addinin Presbyterian ** Ikilisiyar ikilisiya * Societyungiyar Addini ta Abokai * Sihiri ** Espiritismo * Yaren mutanen Sweden ** Kiristanci na Krista * Haɗaɗɗiyar majami'u * Rashin hadin kai * Duniyar baki daya ==== Maidowa ==== * Adventism ** Millerites ** Sabbatarianism ** Ranar Adventists na kwana bakwai * Christadelphians * Cocin Yesu Kiristi na Ranar karshe s ** Cocin Kristi (Gidan Haikali) ** Ofungiyar Kristi ** Rigdonites ** Cocin Yesu Kiristi (Bickertonite) *** Cocin Islama na Yesu Kiristi na Waliyyai na terarshe ** Cocin Jesus Christ na Waliyyan Gobe (Strangite) * Iglesia ni Cristo * Sabuwar Ikilisiyar Apostolic * Shaidun Jehovah * Ƙungiyar Gyarawa === Gnosticism === ; Kiristancin kirista * Ebioniyawa * Cerdonians ** Marcionism (ba cikakkiyar Gnostic bane) * Masu launi * Simoniyawa ; Gnosticism na Farko * 'Yan Borborites * Kayinuwa * Kaftocin * Ophites * Hermeticism ; Gnosticism na Zamani * Cathars * Bogomils * Fasikanci * Tondrakians ; Gnosticism na Farisanci * Mandaeanism * Manichaeism ** Bagnoliyawa ; Gnosticism na Siriya da Masar * Sethians ** Basilidians ** Thomasines ** Valentines *** Bardesanites === Musulunci === ; Makarantun Kalam * Ash'ari * Kalam * Maturidi * Murji'ah * Mu'tazili ; Kawarijawa * [[Ibadi]] * Azraqi * Harūriyya * Sufri ==== Shi'anci ==== * Ismailis ** Nizari / Aga Khani ** Mustaali / Bohra * Jafari ** Ƴan sha biyu ** [[Alawites|Alawiyyawa]] ** Alevi / Bektashi * Zaiddiyah ; Sufanci * Bektashi * Chishti * Mevlevi * Naqshbandi * Tariqah * Quadiriyyah * Suhrawardiyya * Tijani * Sufanci na Duniya ** Rawan Aminci na Duniya ==== Sunniyanci ==== * [[Hanafiyya|Hanafi]] ** Berailvi ** Deobandi * [[Hanbaliya|Hanbali]] ** [[Wahhabiyya|Wahabiyanci]] * [[Malikiyya|Maliki]] * [[Shafi`iyya|Shafi'i]] ==== Maidowa ==== * Ghair muqallidism * [[Salafiyya]] * Muwahhidism * Qur'ani ; Kungiyoyin da a wani lokaci ana daukar su ba musulmai ba : ''Wadannan al'adun addinan ba a yarda da su a matsayin bangarorin Islama ta hanyar fiqhu na yau da kullun ba, amma suna ganin kansu a matsayin Musulmai.'' * [[Ahl-e Haqq]] (Yarsan) * Hadisin Ahl-e * Ahl-e Alkur'ani * [[Ahmadiyya]] * Druze * Ofasar Islama * Nazati Muslim * Haikalin kimiyya na Moorish * Submitungiyar Submitwararrun Internationalwararrun Internationalasa ta Duniya * Zikri === Addinin yahudanci === ; Addinin yahudanci na Rabbinci * Yahudanci masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ** Masorti ** Addinin Yahudanci na Conservadox *** Unionungiya don yahudawa na Gargajiya * Addinin yahudawa na Orthodox ** Addinin yahudanci mai yalwa ** Addinin Yahudanci na Hasidic ** Addinin yahudawa na zamani * Gyara Yahudanci * Addinin yahudawa na ci gaba ** Addinin yahudanci mai sassaucin ra'ayi ; Addinin yahudanci ba Rabbin ba * Addinin Yahudanci na dabam * Addinin yahudanci na 'yan Adam (ba koyaushe ake bayyana shi a matsayin addini ba) * Sabuntar Yahudawa * Addinin yahudanci na Karaite * Addinin Yahudanci mai sake ginawa ; Kungiyoyi masu tarihi * Essenes * Farisawa (kakannin addinin Yahudanci na Rabbinic) * Sadukiyawa * 'Yan tawaye ** Sicarii ; Sauran mazhabobi * Samariyawa * Ebioniyawa * Elkasites * Banazare * Sabbatewa ** Frankists === Saurann addinai === * Alevism * Manichaism * Druze * Shabakism * [[Bábi|Bábism]] ** Azali * [[Baha'i|Bangaskiyar Bahá'í]] * Mandaeism * [[Rastafari]] * Sabiyawan == Ƙa == == nanan sifofi da rikice-rikice na manyan addinai == * Sufancin kirista * Kiristanci na Esoteric * Kabbalah ( sufan yahudawa) * Kiristanci * [[Sufiyya|Sufanci]] ( [[Sufiyya|sufancin]] Islama) * Sufancin Hindu * Surat Shabd Yoga ** Tantra *** Ananda Marga Tantra-Yoga == Addinan Iran == * Manichaeism * [[Mazdak|Mazdakism]] * Yazdânism ** Alevi ** Yarsani ** [[Yazidi]] * [[Zoroastra|Zoroastrianism]] ** Zurvaniyanci == Addinan Asiya ta Gabas == * Cao Dai * Chondogyo * Addinin jama'ar kasar Sin * Confucianiyanci ** Neo-Confucianism ** Sabon Confucianism * Falun Gong * I-Kuan Tao * Jeung San Do * Doka * Mohism * Oomoto * [[Shinto]] * Taoism * Tenrikyo == Addinan asalin Afirkaka == Wadannan addinan sune al'adun [[Afirka]] wadanda suka zauna a wajen Afirka (mazauna kasashen waje ). Hakanan wasu lokuta ana kiransu addinin Creole . Sun haɗa da wasu addinai masu alaƙa da suka haɓaka a cikin [[Amurka]] tsakanin barorin Afirka da zuriyarsu a ƙasashe daban-daban na [[Karibiyan|Tsibirin Caribbean]] da Latin Amurka, da kuma wasu sassa na kudancin Amurka . Hadisai sun fito ne daga addinan gargajiya na Afirka, musamman na [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yamma]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]] . * Batuque * Canomblé * Tarihin Dahomey * Tarihin Haiti * Kumina * Macumba * Mami Wata * Obeah * Oyotunji * Quimbanda * [[Rastafari]] * Santería (Lukumi) * Umbanda * Vodou * Winti == Addinan gargajiya na asali == A al'adance, waɗannan addinai duka an lasafta su a matsayin addinan arna, amma masana na zamani sun fi son kalmomin " 'yan asalin ", " [https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/primal primal] ", " folk ", ko " kabila ". === Afirka === ; Afirka ta Yamma * Tarihin Akan * Tarihin Ashanti (Ghana) * Tarihin Dahomey (Fon) * Tarihin Efik (Najeriya, Kamaru) * Tarihin Ibo (Najeriya, Kamaru) * Tarihin Isoko (Najeriya) * Tarihin Yarbanci (Najeriya, Benin) ; Afirka ta Tsakiya * Tarihin Bushongo (Congo) * Tarihin Lugbara (Congo) * Tarihin Mbuti (Congo) ; Gabashin Afirka * Tarihin Akamba (Gabashin Kenya) * Tarihin Dinka (Sudan) * Tarihin Lotuko (Sudan) * Tarihin Masai (Kenya, Tanzania) ; Afirka ta Kudu * Tarihin Khoikhoi * Tarihin Lozi (Zambiya) * Tarihin Tumbuka (Malawi) * Tarihin Zulu (Afirka ta Kudu) === Amurka === Addinan gargajiya na ativean Asalin Amurkawa . * Abenaki tatsuniya * Tarihin Anishinaabe * Tarihin Aztec * Tarihin Blackfoot * Tarihin Cherokee * Chickasaw tatsuniya * Choctaw tatsuniya * Tarihin Creek * Tarihin gungu * Addinin Eskimo * Rawar Fatalwa * Tarihin Guarani * Haida tatsuniya * Tarihin Ho-Chunk * Hopi tatsuniya * Tarihin Huron * Inca tatsuniya * Inuit tatsuniya * Tarihin Iroquois * Tarihin Kwakiutl * Lakota tatsuniya * Tarihin Lenape * Addini mai tsawo * Tarihin Maya * Midewiwin * Cocin 'Yan Asalin Amurka * Tarihin Navajo * Nootka tatsuniya * Tarihin Olmec * Pawnee labari * Tarihin Salish * Tarihin Seneca * Addini Selk'nam * Tsimshian tatsuniya * Urarina * Tarihin Ute * Tarihin Zuni === Asiyar Turai === ; Gabas * Tarihin kasar Sin * Tarihin Jafananci * Koshinto ; Siberiyan * Shamaniyancin Siberia * Tengriism * Tarihin Chukchi * Tarihin Aleut * Tarihin gargajiya * Tarihin Yukaghir ; Uralic * Tarihin Estonia * Tarihin Finnish da maguzancin Finnish * Addinin mutanen Hungary * Addinin Sami (gami da Noaidi ) * Tadibya === Oceania === * Tarihin Aboriginal na Australiya ** Mafarki * Imanin Austronesian ** Tarihin Balinese ** Akidun Javanese ** Tarihin Melanesian ** Tarihin Micronesian *** Modekngei *** Addini na asalin Nauruan ** Tarihin Philippine *** Anito *** Gabâ *** Kulam ** Tarihin Polynesia *** Addinin Hawaii *** Tarihin Maori **** Addinin Maori *** Tarihin Rapa Nui **** Moai **** Tangata manu *** Turancian tatsuniya ==== Ultsungiyoyin kaya ==== * John Frum * Johnson al'ada * Yariman Philip Movement * Vailala Hauka == Shirka na Tarihi == === Tsaffin dake Gabas === * Addinin Masarawa na da * Addinan Semitic na da * Tarihin Mesofotamiya ** Tarihin Larabawa ** Addinin Babila da Assuriya *** Tarihin Babila *** Tarihin Kaldiyawa ** Tarihin Kan'aniyawa *** Addinin Kan'aniyawa ** Tarihin Hittite ** Tarihin Farisanci ** Tarihin Sumerian === Indonesiyar Turau === * Addini-Indo-Iran addini ** [[Zoroastra|Zoroastrianism]] ** Addini na Veda na tarihi * Shirka Baltic * Basque tatsuniya * Shirka Celtic ** Tarihin Brythonic ** Tarihin Gaelic * Shirka ta Jamusawa ** Addinin Anglo-Saxon ** Norse addini ** Addinin Jamusawa na gari * Shirka na Girka * Shirka ta Hungary * Shirka ta Finland * Shirka ta Roman * Shirka na Slavic === Hellenistic === * Addinin asiri ** Asirin Eleussia ** Mithraism ** Orphism * Pythagoreanism * Kiristancin Farko * Addinin Gallo-Roman == Maguzanci == * Kemetism (Masarautar Neopaganism) * Rodnovery (Slavic neopaganism) * Dievturiba (Latvia neopaganism) * Bautar Jamusanci ** Asatru ** Odinism * Hellenic Polytheism (Girkawa-Roman neopaganism) * Druidry * Wicca == Addinan sihiri == * Freemasonry * Rosicrucianism ** Tsohuwar Sanarwar Sirri Rosae Crucis ** Umurnin Tsohon Rosicrucians ** Icungiyar Rosicrucian * Hermeticism ** Tsarin Hermetic na Dawn Golden * Thema === Addinan asiri na hagu-hagu === * Addinin Shaidan ** Alamar Shaidan *** LaVey Shaidanci ( Cocin Shaidan ) ** Yaudarar Shaidan *** Farincikin Shaidan *** Umurnin kusurwa tara ** Bautar Allahn da ba ya yarda da Allah *** Haikalin Shaidan ** Luciferianism * Setianism ( Haikalin Saiti ) * Vampirism ( Haikali na Vampire ) == Sihiri ko Tsafi == * Hoodoo ( ''Akidar'' ) ** New Orleans Voodoo * Kulam * Magick ** Hargitsi sihiri ** Enochian sihiri ** Demonolatry *** Goetia * Pow-wow * Seid (shamanic sihiri) * Vaastu Shastra * Maita == Sabbin addinai == * Anthroposophy * Eckankar * Meher Baba * Farin ciki Kimiyya * Kofar Sama * Raelism * Scientology == Addinin barkwanci == * Yawo Spaghetti Monster ko Pastafarianism * Discordianism * Cocin SubGenius * Dogeism * Itunƙwasawa * Cocin Volgograd * Aghori * Jedism * Shrekism * Silinism (Daular Aerican) * Cocin na Molossia * Cocin Jah * Willyism == Addinan kirkira == * Cocin Singularity na Injin Allah (Deus Ex: kindan Adam Ya Raba) * Haikali na Kotun (Tsoffin Litattafan) * Allah Guda tara (Tsoffin Littattafan) * Addini na Imperial (Dattijon ya nadadden takarda) * Addinin Nordic (Litattafan Dattijo) * Addinin Altmeri (Litattafan tsofaffi) * Addinin Bosmeri (Litattafan Dattijo) * Addinin Falmeri (Littattafan tsofaffi) * Addinin Dunmeri (Litattafan tsofaffi) * Addinin Yokudan (Litattafan Dattijo) * Addini na Bretony (Dattijon Dattijo) * Addinin Khajiiti (Littattafan tsofaffi) * Addinin Kothri (Dattijon ya tsufa) * Addini na Orcish (Litattafan tsofaffi) * Bautar Daedroth (Tsoffin Litattafan) * Cthulhu Mythos (HP Lovecraft) * Jedi ( ''Star Wars'' ) * Sith ( ''Star Wars'' ) * Je'daii (Star Wars) * Annabawa na Dark Side (Star Wars) * Ultungiyoyin reamingarar Ruwa (Star Wars) * Rayungiyar Krayt (Star Wars) * Addinin Mandalorian (Star Wars) * Sufancin Voss (Star Wars) * Zuciya masu tafiya (Star Wars) * Bangaskiya na Bakwai ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Tsoffin Alloli na Daji ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Bangaskiya na R'hllor ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * White Walkers / Babban Sauran (Waƙar Ice da Wuta) * Addinin Valyrian ( ''Waƙar Ice da Wuta'' ) * Addinin Ghiscari ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Addinin Iron Iron ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Addinin Qohorik ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Addini na Dothraki ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Addinin Lhazarene ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Warlocks na Qarth ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Zakin dare da Budurwa-mai Haske ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta)'' * Mutanen da ba su da fuska ( ''Waƙar Kankara da Wuta'' ) * Cocin Fonz ( ''Guy na Iyali'' ) * Addini na Klingon ( ''Star Trek'' ) * Ilimin lissafi ( ''Futurama'' ) * Kwayar cuta ( ''Godspell'' ) * Jashincinci ( ''Naruto'' ) * Cocin na Hanzo (warfafawa) * Ultungiyar Imperial (Warhammer 40k) * [https://warhammer40k.wikia.com/wiki/Adeptus_Mechanicus Ultungiyar Cult] (Warhammer 40k) * Bautar Allah da ke Bomb (theasan Duniyar Birai) * Gumakan arna (The Wicker Man) * Manyan Mutane Biyu (Bill da Ted's Excellent Adventure) * Iyayen Kobol (Battlestar Galactica) * Addinin Cylonian (Battlestar Galactica) * Wanda ke Tafiya a bayan layuka ('Ya'yan Masara) * Eywa (Avatar) * Mabiya Mademoiselle (Shahidai) * Muad'Dib (Dune) * 'Ya'yan Atom (Fallout) [[Category:Addini]] rkh9z3joy9xejxqw67afeckyl2axxr5 0 18407 165919 159568 2022-08-14T13:56:40Z Mrymaa 13965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mudassir da Brothers''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Mudatex''', babban kamfani ne na masana'antu na Nijeriya, kuma kamfani ne na masana'antar kera kayayyaki wanda ke samarwa da kuma rarraba kwafin kayayyakin a kasashen Afirka don Nijeriya da kasuwar Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka da Mudassir Idris Abubakar ya kafa. An kafa kamfanin ne a shekara ta alif(1997, ya zama kamfani mafi girma a yau a Najeriya. Mudassir da Brothers suna da iko a biranen Najeriya takwas waɗanda suka haɗa da [[Kano#Tarihin Kano|Kano]], [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], da [[Abuja]] kuma kusan ma'aikata 1,200 ke aiki da kamfanin a Kasar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . == Tarihi == Mudassir da Brothers sun kafa shi ne a shekara ta alif 1997, ta hannun wani dan kasuwa mai tushe na Kano Mudassir Idris Abubakar a matsayin kamfanin kasuwanci, shigo da yadudduka, kayan daki, kayan lantarki, kayan kicin, da sauran kayan masarufi don rarrabawa a kasuwannin Najeriya. Kamfanin ya shiga masana'antar yadudduka a cikin shekara ta 2005 da kayan ɗaki a cikin shekara ta 2007. Mudassir da 'Yan'uwan sun ƙaura zuwa kasuwancin ƙasa, suna gina manyan shagunan kasuwanci da kuma hadaddun yayin da suke shiga sauran fannoni da yawa. Mudassir da Brothers yanzu sun mallaki kuma suna gudanar da manyan shagunan kasuwanci guda uku a Kano da ɗayan a Kaduna, da [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], da [[Sokoto (birni)|Sokoto]], da [[Gombe (birni)|Gombe]], da kuma [[Adamawa]], da Abuja. A shekara ta 2020, Mudassir da Brothers sun baje kolin babbar aikin su na gina babban katafaren shagon kasuwanci na zamani mai kayatarwa a tsohuwar harabar otal din Daula da ke Murtala Muhammad Way, Kano wanda majalisar zartarwar jihar Kano ta amince da shi. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2020, Mudassir da Brothers sun bayyana wani shiri na gina masana'antar saka a jihar Kano a kokarinsu na dakile matsalar rashin aikin yi a jihar. == Bayani == A cikin shekara ta 1997, Mudassir Idris Abubakar ya kafa kamfanin Mudassir da Brothers Limited kuma ya fara kasuwanci a matsayin Mudatex Textiles tare da kasancewar yau yana daga cikin manyan shahararrun 'yan Kasuwar Kantin Kwari da ke cikin garin Kano masu sayar da yadudduka kayayyaki da sauran kayan masaku. Daga baya Abubakar ya fadada layin kasuwancin sa zuwa kayan daki da lantarki. Kamfanin ya gina rukunin farko na farko a cikin shekara ta 2016 a kan titin Ibrahim Taiwo, wanda a yanzu shi ne yankin kasuwancin Kano da ya fi kowane yanki kasuwanci girma da karbuwa. === Masana'antu === Mudassir da Brothers Limited sun fara aiwatar da kafa kamfanin kera masaku wanda ya haura dala miliyan 50 a cikin jihar Kano a shekara ta 2019 don yabawa da manufar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya da ke karfafa samar da kayayyakin masarufi na cikin gida don samar da wadata da dama ga mutane 10,000 matasa a Najeriya. Dangane da aikin ginin, Gwamna [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje]] na Jihar Kano ya amince da a raba wa Mudassir da Brothers Limited hekta 22.5 don kafa masakar. A yau, Mudassir da Brothers sun zama kamfani na hadin gwiwa wanda ke da hedkwata a Kano, kuma suna da sha'awa a bangarori da dama a Afirka ta Yamma da Tsakiyar Afirka. == COVID-19 amsa == Bayan barkewar cutar Coronavirus, Mudassir da Brothers sun gyara wata cibiyar keɓewa da jihar Kano ta kafa don tallafawa yaƙin da gwamnati ke yi da COVID-19, sun kafa gadaje 20 a [[Dawakin Kudu|cibiyar keɓewar Dawakin Kudu]], sanye da rufin matsi mara kyau 6-Sashin Kulawa da Kulawa Na Musamman (ICU) tare da masu iska huɗu 6. Hakanan kamfanin ya raba kayan abinci a cikin jihar (Kano) don tallafawa ƙananan masu karɓar kuɗin shiga a lokacin ƙullewar watanni 3. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kamfanoni a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanoni]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1997]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 81ll1hyfqqk769u0z5pqc0zd3un88b9 166055 165919 2022-08-14T22:56:08Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Mudassir da Brothers''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Mudatex''', babban kamfani ne na masana'antu na Nijeriya, kuma kamfani ne na masana'antar kera kayayyaki wanda ke samarwa da kuma rarraba kwafin kayayyakin a kasashen Afirka don Nijeriya da kasuwar Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka da Mudassir Idris Abubakar ya kafa. An kafa kamfanin ne a shekara ta alif(1997), ya zama kamfanin kera atamfofi mafi girma a yau a Najeriya. Mudassir da Brothers suna da iko a biranen Najeriya takwas waɗanda suka haɗa da [[Kano#Tarihin Kano|Kano]], [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], da [[Abuja]] kuma kusan ma'aikata 1,200 ke aiki da kamfanin a Kasar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . == Tarihi == Mudassir da Brothers sun kafa shi ne a shekara ta alif 1997, ta hannun wani dan kasuwa mai tushe na Kano Mudassir Idris Abubakar a matsayin kamfanin kasuwanci, shigo da yadudduka, kayan daki, kayan lantarki, kayan kicin, da sauran kayan masarufi don rarrabawa a kasuwannin Najeriya. Kamfanin ya shiga masana'antar yadudduka a cikin shekara ta 2005 da kayan ɗaki a cikin shekara ta 2007. Mudassir da 'Yan'uwan sun ƙaura zuwa kasuwancin ƙasa, suna gina manyan shagunan kasuwanci da kuma hadaddun yayin da suke shiga sauran fannoni da yawa. Mudassir da Brothers yanzu sun mallaki kuma suna gudanar da manyan shagunan kasuwanci guda uku a Kano da ɗayan a Kaduna, da [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], da [[Sokoto (birni)|Sokoto]], da [[Gombe (birni)|Gombe]], da kuma [[Adamawa]], da Abuja. A shekara ta 2020, Mudassir da Brothers sun baje kolin babbar aikin su na gina babban katafaren shagon kasuwanci na zamani mai kayatarwa a tsohuwar harabar otal din Daula da ke Murtala Muhammad Way, Kano wanda majalisar zartarwar jihar Kano ta amince da shi. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2020, Mudassir da Brothers sun bayyana wani shiri na gina masana'antar saka a jihar Kano a kokarinsu na dakile matsalar rashin aikin yi a jihar. == Bayani == A cikin shekara ta 1997, Mudassir Idris Abubakar ya kafa kamfanin Mudassir da Brothers Limited kuma ya fara kasuwanci a matsayin Mudatex Textiles tare da kasancewar yau yana daga cikin manyan shahararrun 'yan Kasuwar Kantin Kwari da ke cikin garin Kano masu sayar da yadudduka kayayyaki da sauran kayan masaku. Daga baya Abubakar ya fadada layin kasuwancin sa zuwa kayan daki da lantarki. Kamfanin ya gina rukunin farko na farko a cikin shekara ta 2016 a kan titin Ibrahim Taiwo, wanda a yanzu shi ne yankin kasuwancin Kano da ya fi kowane yanki kasuwanci girma da karbuwa. === Masana'antu === Mudassir da Brothers Limited sun fara aiwatar da kafa kamfanin kera masaku wanda ya haura dala miliyan 50 a cikin jihar Kano a shekara ta 2019 don yabawa da manufar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya da ke karfafa samar da kayayyakin masarufi na cikin gida don samar da wadata da dama ga mutane 10,000 matasa a Najeriya. Dangane da aikin ginin, Gwamna [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje]] na Jihar Kano ya amince da a raba wa Mudassir da Brothers Limited hekta 22.5 don kafa masakar. A yau, Mudassir da Brothers sun zama kamfani na hadin gwiwa wanda ke da hedkwata a Kano, kuma suna da sha'awa a bangarori da dama a Afirka ta Yamma da Tsakiyar Afirka. == COVID-19 amsa == Bayan barkewar cutar Coronavirus, Mudassir da Brothers sun gyara wata cibiyar keɓewa da jihar Kano ta kafa don tallafawa yaƙin da gwamnati ke yi da COVID-19, sun kafa gadaje 20 a [[Dawakin Kudu|cibiyar keɓewar Dawakin Kudu]], sanye da rufin matsi mara kyau 6-Sashin Kulawa da Kulawa Na Musamman (ICU) tare da masu iska huɗu 6. Hakanan kamfanin ya raba kayan abinci a cikin jihar (Kano) don tallafawa ƙananan masu karɓar kuɗin shiga a lokacin ƙullewar watanni 3. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kamfanoni a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanoni]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1997]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8mib8vt66ym1fhtej5648re56n5r85t 2 19647 165939 154099 2022-08-14T16:24:02Z Esobune 13053 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flag_of_the_Hausa_people.svg|330px]] [[File:Animated Meta-Wiki logo.gif|Left|50px]] [[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|50px|Right|alt=|link=]] {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" {{#Babel:ha-5|en-4}} Har ila yau, Hausa ita ce zaɓaɓɓen harshen ƙasar Nijeriya. Akwai labaran labarai a Hausa fiye da kowane harshe na asali. Akwai buƙatar zama 'yan asalin iliminmu, gwamnati, nishaɗi, da sauransu. Zan yi amfani da ƙarin littattafan labarai da ake samu cikin harshen Hausa. Akwai buƙatar ingantattun kayan aiki da ƙarancin shigo da kaya. Amince da ni da zarar na zama jami'a kuma na sami kwanciyar hankali A matsayina na malamin makarantar sakandare na gwamnati ko malamin jami'a, kashi 5% na albashi na za a ba da gudummawar ne don haɓaka haɓakar kayayyaki na cikin gida kuma ni ma zan biya haraji na. Turawa ba rowa ba ne da ilimi da canja wurin fasaha don haka zama malami na ba wai don yada ka'ida ba ne kawai don shigo da fasahar fasaha da ake bukata don sanya Najeriya ta zama mai fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje na'urorin da aka ƙera, da sauransu. Ku amince da ni, yana yiwuwa ko da don hana shigo da su ne . Ka tuna cewa turawan za su so mu idan ba mu yi hamayya da su ba amma suna kalubalantar su da su zama masu kirkire-kirkire da kuma fitar da mafi kyawun su. Za su yaba shi fiye da dawwamar dawwama (al'adu, technological, social, intellectual, etc). Amince da ni. Ina nufin da kyau ga kowa rli0d2veexuepg1a4lb7m69qdt2y25d 0 19761 165937 83518 2022-08-14T16:00:31Z 105.112.208.72 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asaba-Assay''' (kuma Asaba-Ase) birni ce, a cikin jihar Delta Najeriya. Wannan yanki yana yawan fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/wild-flood-tears-communities-apart-in-delta/|title=Wild flood tears communities apart in Delta|date=5 October 2012|website=Vanguardngr.com|accessdate=15 March 2019}}</ref> Yana kan rafin Asse.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/01/will-politicians-campaign-in-the-creeks/|title=Will politicians campaign in the creeks?|first=Urowayino|last=Warami|date=7 January 2019|website=Vanguardngr.com|accessdate=15 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/06/ndokwa-youths-allege-marginalisation/|title=Ndokwa youths allege marginalisation|first=Nwafor|last=Polycarp|date=12 June 2017|website=Vanguardngr.com|accessdate=15 March 2019}}</ref> Harshen gama gari mutane na Asaba-Assay shi ne Isoko, Ijaw da Ndokwa. ==Fitattu== [[Samuel Kporaro]] Wani malamin makaranta, iyaye, da ma'aikacin banki. ==references== {{Reflist}} pmga9pxuowa4cq5dyr3yvx6162gjjfo 0 19851 166116 113129 2022-08-15T07:33:23Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Dawakin Tofa''' na ɗaya daga cikin makarantun sakandare [[Gwamnatin Jihar Kano|na musamman waɗanda Gwamnatin Jihar Kano]], [[Nijeriya]] ke bayarwa don horar da ƙwararrun ɗalibai a fannin kimiyya da kuma samar wa jihar ƙwararrun likitoci da injiniyoyi. Sauran kwalejojin sun hada da: Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Dawakin Kudu, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Maitama Sule Gaya,Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Day ta Kano,Kwalejin Kimiyya ta 'Yan Mata ta Garko,Kwalejin Gwamna ta Kano. ==Asalin sunanta== Tun daga shekara ta 2015 an ƙaddara cewa itace mafi kyawun mallakar makarantar sakandare a cikin jihar Kano ta Najeriya. Sunan farko na kwalejin shine SCIENCE SECONDARY SCHOOL DAWAKIN TOFA. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Makarantu]] [[Category:Makarantun Gwamnati]] [[Category:Gine-gine]] [[Category:Makarantun Najeriya]]. 5asgg14kpobnxkd7yhalvtzx0hgtvn5 0 20174 166122 115838 2022-08-15T07:52:48Z Mrymaa 13965 Karmin gyara wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kabiru Bello Dungurawa''' ya kasan ce malamin ilimi ne, mai gudanarwa, kuma [[Rector (jami'a)|Shugaban]] [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da fasaha ta jahar Kano|Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Kano]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kabiru a ranar 10 ga watan Maris shekarar alif1.973, a Kauyen Dungurawa, na [[Karamar Hukumar]] [[Dawakin Tofa]], ta [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Dungurawa, Kano tsakanin shekarar alif.1977 da shekarar 1983, sannan ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Gwamnati, Kwa tsakanin shekarar alif1983 zuwa shekarar 1986, sannan ya halarci kwalejin malamai ta Dutse (Grade II) tsakanin shekarar 1986 da shekarar 1989, Kabiru ya sami takardar shedar kammala karatun Ilimi a Kwalejin Tarayya. of Education Katsina A tsakanin shekarar 1995 zuwa shekarar 1998 ya kuma sami [[Bachelor of Arts|digiri na farko]] [[Jagora na Ilimi|na Fannin Kimiyyar]] Hausa da kuma Jagora na Ilimi a Jagoranci da Ba da Shawara daga Jami'ar Bayero ta Kano a shekarar 2003 da shekarar 2009, Kabiru ya kuma sami [[Doctor of Falsafa|Doctor na Falsafa]] a Jagora da Shawara a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello ta]] Zariya, a shekarar 2014. <ref>https://edu.buk.edu.ng/sites/default/files/cv/PQPRN.pdf</ref>. == Ayyuka == Kabiru ya fara aiki a shekarar 1990,a matsayin Malamin aji a karkashin [[Dawakin Tofa|Hukumar Ilimi ta Karamar Hukumar Dawakin Tofa]] sannan daga baya ya koma Ma’aikatar Ilimi ta Jihar Kano a shekarar 1996. Kabiru ya fara aikinsa na Jami'a ne a shekarar 2007 a karkashin [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero ta Kano]] a sashen Ilimi,Faculty of Education ya kasance yana da nauyi da yawa daga membobin kwamiti, Mataki mai kula har zuwa Shugaban sashen na Ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dept of Education {{!}}. Education|url=https://edu.buk.edu.ng/?q=node/6|access-date=2021-03-05|website=edu.buk.edu.ng}}</ref> <ref>https://buk.edu.ng/sites/default/files/bulletin/2017/march_4th_friday_2017_no_10.pdf</ref> Kabiru ya yi aiki a matsayin Malami mai Ziyartarwa a Jami’ar [[Jami'ar Yusuf Maitama Sule|Yusuf Maitama Sule ta Kano]], [[Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kano|Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kano, Wudil]], [[Jami'ar Taraya dake Dutsinma|Jami’ar Tarayya, Dutsin Ma]], ya kuma kasance [[Aikin lokaci-lokaci|malamin koyarwa na]] wani lokaci a [[Kwalejin Jami'ar Skyline (Sharjah)|Jami’ar Skyline]] da [[National Open University of Nigeria]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr Kabir Dungurawa BELLO {{!}} NOUN Facilitation & Project Supervision Management System|url=http://facilitators.nounacademics.net/content/dr-kabir-dungurawa-bello|access-date=2021-03-05|website=facilitators.nounacademics.net}}</ref> An nada Kabiru a matsayin [[Rector (jami'a)|Rector]] na [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da fasaha ta Kano|Kwalejin Fasaha]] ta Kano da Gwamnan Kano [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje]] a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2020 wanda ya gaji Farfesa [[Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa]] [[shugaban jami'a|Mataimakin Shugaban Jami’ar]] [[Jami'ar Yusuf Maitama Sule|Yusuf Maitama Sule, Kano]] .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Press Release|url=https://www.kanostate.gov.ng/?q=blog-categories/press-release|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Kano}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=NewNigerianNewsPapers|date=2020-11-08|title=Our 7-point Agenda Will Make Kano Polytechnic More Advanced – New Rector|url=https://newnigeriannewspaper.com/2020/11/08/our-7-point-agenda-will-make-kano-polytechnic-more-advanced-new-rector/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=New Nigerian Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-29|title=Forum congratulate new Kano poly rector|url=https://newstunnel.online/forum-congratulate-new-kano-poly-rector/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=NewsTunnel|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=EduCeleb|date=2020-10-28|title=Govt appoints Kano Poly rector, university council members|url=https://educeleb.com/govt-appoints-kano-poly-rector-university-council-members/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=EduCeleb|language=en-GB}}</ref>. == Manazarta == 0f841prrxjgufhuxi4nom24z3crdrwd 0 20344 166053 115769 2022-08-14T22:40:03Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Efik''' ƙabila ce da ke kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]], a kudancin jihar [[Cross River|Kuros Riba]] . Efik suna magana da harshen Efik wanda yake yaren Benuwe – Congo ne na dangin Cross River . Tarihin baka na Efik ya ba da labarin ƙaura daga Cross River daga [[Arochukwu|Arochukwuto ya]] sami ƙauyuka da yawa a cikin yankin [[Kalaba|Calabar]] da Creek Town. Galibi galibi ana kiran garin Creek da kewayensa da ''Calabar'', kuma ana kiran mutanensa da mutanen ''Calabar'', bayan sunan Bature mai suna ''Calabar Kingdom'' aka ba jihar [a cikin Jihar [[Cross River|Kuros Riba ta yanzu]] . Bai kamata Calabar ta rikita batun Masarautar Kalabari ba a cikin [[Rivers|jihar Ribas]] wacce Ijaw ce jihar yamma da ita. Jihar Kuros Riba tare da [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa Ibom a da]] tana daga cikin asalin jihohi goma sha biyu na Najeriya da aka fi sani da Jihar Kudu maso Gabas. Mutanen Efik kuma sun mamaye kudu maso yammacin Kamaru ciki har da [[Bakassi]] . Wannan yanki, wanda a da can yankin amintacce ne daga Jamhuriyar Kamaru ta Jamhuriyar Kamaru, an gudanar da shi a matsayin wani yanki na Gabashin Najeriya har sai da ya samu cin gashin kai a 1954, don haka ya raba mutanen Efik a siyasance. An kara fadada wannan rabuwa yayin da sakamakon zaben 1961 yankin ya zaɓi ya shiga [[Kamaru|Jamhuriyar Kamaru]] . Nan da nan aka sauya yawancin yankin, amma a watan Agustan 2006 - Najeriya ta miƙa yankin Bakassi ga Kamaru. == Tarihi == [[File:Nigeria_linguistic_1979.jpg|thumb| Ƙungiyoyin yare-yare a Najeriya. Efik-Ibibio a cikin burgundy a ƙasa.]] [[File:Efik_USC2000_PHS.svg|thumb| Yaɗuwar mutane '''Efik''' a cikin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] bisa ga ƙidayar Amurka 2000]] [[File:British Museum Room 25 Mask Ekoi people 17022019 5015.jpg|right|thumb| Ekpe Ekoi fatar da aka rufe ta kai]] [[File:King-duke.jpg|thumb| Sarki Duke na Calabar, 1895.]] Ana samun mutanen Efik a yankin kudu maso kudu na yankin siyasa na Najeriya, a cikin "kusurwar kudu maso gabas ta jihar Kuros Riba." <ref>Cook, T.L. (1985). An integrated phonology of Efik. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Leiden.</ref> Sun mamaye bakin kogin Cross Cross kuma sun gangara zuwa yankin Bakassi, da Kogin Calabar da kuma zuwa garesu - Kogin Kwa, Akpayafe (Akpa Ikang) da Eniong Creek. ” <ref>Aye, E. U. (2000). The Efik people. Calabar: Glad Tidings Press.</ref> Sun mamaye Calabar "a karshen ƙarni na goma sha bakwai ko a farkon karni na 18." <ref>Nair, K. K. (1972). Politics and society in South Eastern Nigeria 1841 – 1906: A study of power, diplomacy and commerce in Old Calabar. Evanston: North-Western University Press.</ref> Efik suna da dangantaka da mutanen Annang, Ibibio, Oron, [[Biase]], [[Akamkpa]], [[Uruan]], da [[Eket]] . Kodayake ba a san ainihin asalin mutanen Efik ba, amma hadisai na baka suna ba da labarin yadda suka yi ƙaura daga yankin Igbo da Ibibio (zuwa arewa maso yammacin Calabar) zuwa wurin da ake yanzu. Yawancin su sun bar zuwa Uruan a cikin jihar Akwa Ibom a yanzu, wasu zuwa Eniong da yankunan da ke kewaye. Sun zauna a Uruan kusan shekara ɗari ko makamancin haka sannan suka ƙaura zuwa Ikpa Ene da Ndodihi na ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin su tsallaka zuwa inda zasu je na ƙarshe a cikin Garin Creek (Esit Edik / Obio Oko). Da alama akwai matakai guda uku masu zuwa a tarihin ƙaura da sasantawa na efik: (a) wani lokaci na Igbo (b) na Ibibio da (c) tafiya zuwa bakin teku.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2018}} An ce mutanen [[Uruan]] sun ba su suna "Efik" wanda ke fitowa daga kalmar aikatau da ke nufin latsawa ko zalunci, tun da ana zargin su da nuna ƙarfi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2018}} Kodayake tattalin arziƙinsu ya samo asali ne daga kamun kifi, yankin da sauri ya zama babban cibiyar kasuwanci kuma ya kasance da kyau sosai a farkon shekarun 1900. Ana sayar da kayayyakin Turawa masu shigowa domin bayi, man dabino da sauran kayan dabino. Sarakunan Efik sun tara harajin kasuwanci da ake kira comey daga jiragen ruwa har zuwa lokacin da turawan ingila suka maye gurbinsu da 'tallafin comey'. <ref name="Fubara">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110717042441/http://www.thetidenews.com/article.aspx?qrDate=03%2F05%2F2006&qrTitle=Legendary%20legacies%20of%20Dappa-Biriye&qrColumn=POLITICS Fubara, Dagogo M.J. (5 March 2006) "Legendary legacies of Dappa-Biriye" ''The Tide'' Rivers State Newspaper Corp., Port Harcourt, Nigeria]</ref> Littafin littafin Antera Duke, na Efik, shi ne kawai rikodin da ya rage daga gidan bautar Afirka. Efik sune manyan mutane tsakanin fararen fatake a bakin ruwa da ƙabilun Kuros Riba da gundumar Calabar. Ofishin Jakadancin Krista suna aiki tsakanin Efiks farawa daga tsakiyar karni na 19. Mary Slessor, wata 'yar mishan daga Presbyterian daga Scotland, ta damu da kawar da al'adar camfi na kashe tagwaye jarirai. Ko da a cikin 1900, yawancin mutanen ƙasar suna da ilimin wayewa game da aƙidun Turai da al'adunsu, suna da'awar Kiristanci kuma suna ado da kayan Turawa. A cikin 1884 sarakunan Efik da shugabannin Efik sun sanya kansu ƙarƙashin kariyar Burtaniya. Waɗannan yarjeniyoyi da haƙƙin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa, suna rubuce a cikin CAP 23 na Dokokin Gabashin Najeriya, an sanya taken 'dokar tallafin Comey' <ref name="Fubara">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110717042441/http://www.thetidenews.com/article.aspx?qrDate=03%2F05%2F2006&qrTitle=Legendary%20legacies%20of%20Dappa-Biriye&qrColumn=POLITICS Fubara, Dagogo M.J. (5 March 2006) "Legendary legacies of Dappa-Biriye" ''The Tide'' Rivers State Newspaper Corp., Port Harcourt, Nigeria]</ref> Sarkin Efik, wanda aka fi sani da Obong na Calabar, har yanzu (har zuwa 2006) ƙarfi ne na siyasa tsakanin Efik. Efik da kuma mutanen tsohuwar masarautar Calabar sune farkon waɗanda suka rungumi ilimin yamma a Najeriya ta yanzu, tare da kafa Hope Trainingel Training Institute, Calabar a cikin 1895 da Makarantar High School ta Boys, Oron a 1905. == Ƙungiyoyin asiri == Alaka mai ƙarfi tsakanin Efik, kuma wacce ke basu babban tasiri akan sauran ƙabilu, ita ce ƙungiyar asirin da aka sani da Ekpe, mai kirkirar Nsibidi, wani tsohon rubutu na Afirka. Wannan al'umma ta rikide ta zama al'adar Abakuá a Cuba, ta Bonkó a Bioko da Rawar Abakuya a cikin babban yankin [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] . Eungiyar Ekpe ta keɓance ga maza, yayin da mata ke da nasu na Ekpa. Mutanen asalin Efik an san su da ''ñáñigos'' ko ''carabalís'' a Cuba. == Harshe == Mutanen Efik suna magana da yaren Efik, wanda yake yaren Benuwe-Kongo ne na dangin Cross River . == Yawan jama'a == Ana samun yawan jama'ar Efik a cikin yankunan dake ƙasa: * [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Riba]], Nijeriya. * [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]], Najeriya. * Bioko, Equatorial Guinea * Yammacin [[Kamaru]]. * Binuwai (Mutanen Efik-Ibibio sune na hudu mafi yawan na asali waɗanda suka fara zama a yankin Binuwai a Najeriya). == Kayan abinci == Edikang Ikong miyan kayan lambu ce wacce ta samo asali tsakanin Efik. Miyar Afang wani nau'in sanannen abinci ne na duk tarayyar ƙasa da ma bayanta. == Miya tufafi == Manyan rigunan mata na Efik sune {{Transl|efi|onyonyo}} da {{Transl|efi|ofod ukod anwang}} . Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dasu azaman kayan amarya. {{Transl|efi|onyonyo}} doguwar riga ce. An ba da shawarar cewa {{Transl|efi|onyonyo’s}} Victoria ne sakamakon tasirin mishan Scottish Mary Slessor . {{Transl|efi|ofod ukod anwang}} ya hada da saman hannu da gajeren siket, dukkansu an sanya su da murjani da {{Transl|efi|ekpa ku kwa}} — kayan ado na ado da hannu da kafafu. Mai ɗaukar yana da ƙwanƙwasa hannu da ƙafa da abun wuya na murjani na murjani. == Duba kuma == * Tarihin Efik * [[Akamkpa]] * Annang * [[Bakassi]] * [[Eket]] * [[Ikom]] * [[Niger Delta|Neja Delta]] * Opobo * Jama'ar Igbo * Mutanen Ekoi (wanda aka fi sani da Ejagham) * Waddell (1846) ''Efik ko Tsoho Calabar'' Waddell, Tsoho Calabar; * ''Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi rubutu daga labarin Calabar a cikin'' Encyclopædia Britannica <nowiki><i id="mwATU">Goma sha ɗaya Edition</i></nowiki>, ''wallafe yanzu a cikin yankin jama'a'' . * Hackett, Rosalind IJ Addini A Calabar. Buga. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.afrocubaweb.com/efik.htm kungiyar ikungiyar ta Efik, Inc.] * https://web.archive.org/web/20151222092842/http://sunnewsonline.com/new/pa-effiong-ukpong-aye-1918-2012/ == Manazarta == [[Category:Al'ummomin Nijeriya]] [[Category:Al'adun Najeriya]] [[Category:Al'ummomi]] [[Category:Al'umma]] [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Harsunan Kamaru]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] t120ztggrbrmz52x95ml5vnanmcr88e 0 20596 166135 149915 2022-08-15T11:20:50Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006zuwa2007 da 2008zuwa2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sau da yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003zuwa2004 da 2004zuwa2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa2006 da 2009 zuwa2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FAungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011zuwa2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004zuwa2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012zuwa2013 da 2004zuwa2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006zuwa2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006zuwa2007 vs Arsenal, 20082009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> mhiostj9e8q4dpdb0kd929gn8c9jhu0 166136 166135 2022-08-15T11:23:40Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006 zuwa 2007. da 2008 zuwa 2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sau da yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003zuwa2004 da 2004zuwa2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa2006 da 2009 zuwa2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FAungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011zuwa2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004zuwa2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012zuwa2013 da 2004zuwa2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006zuwa2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006zuwa2007 vs Arsenal, 20082009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> 25xgsklegzbm2fkbej1t6ati12wvt22 166137 166136 2022-08-15T11:29:18Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006 zuwa 2007. da 2008 zuwa 2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sauda yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003zuwa2004 da 2004zuwa2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa2006 da 2009 zuwa2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FAungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011zuwa2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004zuwa2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012zuwa2013 da 2004zuwa2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006zuwa2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006zuwa2007 vs Arsenal, 20082009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> do5sud26cbwg2qr89cfuqj4atvwub5w 166138 166137 2022-08-15T11:31:13Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006 zuwa 2007. da 2008 zuwa 2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sauda yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa 2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa 2006 da 2009 zuwa 2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FAungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011zuwa2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004zuwa2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012zuwa2013 da 2004zuwa2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006zuwa2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006zuwa2007 vs Arsenal, 20082009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> 0cu87prj80p3e5vi4x6rnz08tkfjgji 166139 166138 2022-08-15T11:33:03Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006 zuwa 2007. da 2008 zuwa 2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sauda yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa 2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa 2006 da 2009 zuwa 2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa 2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FA ungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011 zuwa 2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004zuwa2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012zuwa2013 da 2004zuwa2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006zuwa2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006zuwa2007 vs Arsenal, 20082009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> i0cgtn86mu34tvtylkn46hest7496wm 166140 166139 2022-08-15T11:35:42Z Amusa34 14890 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Essien|clubs8=[[Sabail FK|Sabail]]|caps5=20|goals5=0|years6=2015–2016|clubs6=[[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]|caps6=13|goals6=1|years7=2017–2018|clubs7=[[Persib Bandung]]|caps7=29|goals7=5|years8=2019–2020|caps8=14|years5=2014–2015|goals8=0|totalcaps=402|totalgoals=43|nationalyears1=2002–2014|nationalteam1=[[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]|nationalcaps1=58|nationalgoals1=9|manageryears1=2020–|managerclubs1=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|club-update=|nationalteam-update=|clubs5=[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]|goals4=2|image=Chelsea Legends 1 Inter Forever 4 (28453496098) (cropped).jpg|years1=2000–2003|image_size=|caption=Essien in 2018|fullname=Michael Kojo Essien<ref>{{cite book |editor-first=Barry J. |editor-last=Hugman |title=The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2010–11 |year=2010 |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-84596-601-0 |page=142}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{Hugman|22986|access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|height=1.78 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pao.gr/en/team/squad?view=player&id=2|title=SQUAD}}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Nordsjælland]] (coach)|clubnumber=|youthyears1=1998–1999|youthclubs1=[[Liberty Professionals F.C.|Liberty Professionals]]|clubs1=[[SC Bastia|Bastia]]|caps4=21|caps1=66|goals1=11|years2=2003–2005|clubs2=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]|caps2=71|goals2=7|years3=2005–2014|clubs3=[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]|caps3=168|goals3=17|years4=2012–2013|clubs4=→ [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan)|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|GHA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010 Angola]]|}}}}'''Michael Kojo Essien''' (An haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta 1982) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafan ƙasar]] Ghana ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma a yanzu haka memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Danish Superliga ta FC Nordsjælland . Har ila yau, ya buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta ƙasar Ghana wasa sama da sau (50).A lokacin da yake sharafin sa, a na ɗaukar Essien a matsayin ɗaya daga manyan 'yan wasan tsakiya na duniya. == Fara Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Essien ya fara wasansa ne da buga wa kungiyar Liberty Professional wasa a Ghana. A shekarar 2000, ya koma Faransa ya shiga Bastia, inda ya cinye kakar wasanni uku a nan kuma adadin wasannin da ya buga a nan sun kai 60, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar dake rike da kambun Ligue 1, wato Lyon a shekara ta 2003. A Lyon, Essien ya ci kofuna bi-da-bi a jere a shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005, kuma ya lashe kambun Lig 1, na Gwarzon Ɗan Wasan a Shekara ta 2005. A tsawon shekaru biyar da ya yi a Faransa, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin a shekara ta 2005, Essien ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Premier ta [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]&nbsp; A Chelsea, Essien ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta lashe gasar Premier a shekarar 2006 da 2010, da kuma kofunan FA uku da na League daya. Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai a shekara ta 2012, yayin da yake sanya shi a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar zakarun Turai na UEFA na shekarar 2008 . Ya lashe kyautar [[Chelsea F.C.|gwarzon Golan Chelsea a kakar]] sau biyu, a kakar 2006 zuwa 2007. da 2008 zuwa 2009. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Essien ne a babban birni Ghana [[Accra]], iyayen sa su ne Aba Gyandoh da James Essien, Essien ya halarci Gomoa Nyanyano DC Primary and JSS. Ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Cape Coast, yana wasa a wani kulob na gida da ake kira Liberty Professionals . == Ƙungiyoyin da Yayi Wasa == === Bastia === === Lyon === === Chelsea === [[File:MEssienChelsea06.png|left|thumb| Essien a( 2006) ]] [[File:Essien.jpg|right|thumb|227x227px| Essien yana dumama kafin wasa a (2008) ]] [[File:Michael_Essien_4633.jpg|left|thumb|354x354px| Essien ya buga wa Chelsea tamaula a (2010) ]] === Real Madrid (aro) === === Milan === Essien ya kulla yarjejeniya da kulob din Milan na Italiya kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi a ranar( 27) ga watan Janairun a shekara ta (2014) . === Panathinaikos === === Persib Bandung === === Sabil === A ranar 16 ga watan Maris a shekara ta (2019), Essien ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da Sabail FK na Premier League na Azerbaijan, wanda kuma zai ga ya horar da kungiyar U(19) din su. == Wasa a Mataki na Duniya == Essien ya fara buga wasan farko a Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka da Morocco a ranar( 21) ga watan Janairun shekarar ( 2002). amma ya buga wa Ghana wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Masar a ranar( 4) ga watan Janairun shekarar( 2002) . == Aikin Horar da 'Yan Wasa == === FC Nordsjælland === == Salon wasa == Essien ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai ƙarfi, wanda sau da yawa yakan taka rawa a tsakiyar tsakiya . Sauda yawa ana yi masa magana a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya-zuwa-dambe saboda ikonsa na yin kuzari wajen tallafawa duka wasan zagi da na kare, da kuma karfin fada-a-ji da yake fuskanta, wanda ya sanya masa lakanin "The Bison". <ref name="chelseafc.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101202014209/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0%2C%2C10268~27901%2C00.html "Michael Essien"]. </ref> Essien zai iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, a dama na kariya da kuma a tsakiya . Baya ga yawan aiki, karfin jiki, da kwarewar kariya, Essien ya kuma mallaki fasaha mai kyau, hangen nesa, hazakar dabara, da halaye na jagoranci, kuma ya kasance mai karfin zura kwallaye daga nesa. == Rayuwar Kai == A watan Maris na shekarar( 2021), Essien ya nuna goyon bayansa ga 'yan LGBT a Ghana akan [[Twitter]] da [[Instagram]] . Daga baya ya goge rubutun bayan ya fuskanci suka daga wasu masu amfani da shafin na Ghana a dukkan bangarorin biyu. == Ƙididdigar Wasanni == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Bastia |2000–01 | rowspan="3" |Ligue 1 |13 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |1 |- |2001–02 |24 |4 |4 |0 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |5 |- |2002–03 |29 |6 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |31 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !66 !11 !7 !0 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !76 !12 |- | rowspan="3" |Lyon |2003–04 | rowspan="2" |Ligue 1 |34 |3 |2 |0 |1 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |1 |46 |4 |- |2004–05 |37 |4 |2 |0 |0 |0 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |5 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Trophée des champions]]}} |0 |50 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !71 !7 !4 !0 !1 !0 !18 !5 !2 !1 !96 !13 |- | rowspan="9" |[[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] |2005–06 | rowspan="8" |Premier League |31 |2 |4 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |42 |2 |- |2006–07 |33 |2 |5 |1 |6 |1 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |55 |6 |- |2007–08 |27 |6 |2 |0 |4 |0 |12{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |46 |6 |- |2008–09 |11 |1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |3 |- |2009–10 |14 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |22 |4 |- |2010–11 |33 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |8{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Community Shield]]}} |0 |44 |4 |- |2011–12 |14 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |2013–14 |5 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !168 !17 !20 !1 !15 !1 !49 !6 !4 !0 !256 !25 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (loan) |2012–13 |La Liga |21 |2 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |Milan |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |0 |- |2014–15 |13 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !22 !0 |- |Panathinaikos |2015–16 |Super League Greece |13 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |16 |1 |- |Persib Bandung |2017 |Liga 1 |29 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |29 |5 |- | rowspan="3" |Sabail |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Azerbaijan Premier League |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]] first qualifying round}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !14 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !15 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !402 !43 !41 !1 !19 !2 !77 !11 !6 !1 !545 !58 |}   == Lambobin Yabo == === Kulab === '''Lyon''' * Ligue 1 :( 2003 zuwa 2004 da 2004 zuwa 2005) * Trophée des Champions : (2003 zuwa 2004) '''Chelsea''' * Firimiya Lig : (2005 zuwa 2006 da 2009 zuwa 2010) * Kofin FA : (2006 zuwa 2007 da 2008 zuwa 2009 da 2009 zuwa 2010 da 2011 zuwa 2012) * Gasar cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa :( 2006 zuwa 2007) * Garkuwan FA ungiyar FA :( 2009) * Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA : (2011 zuwa 2012) ; ta biyu: (2007 zuwa 2008) === Na duniya === '''Ghana''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka : tagulla (2008) ,wacce ta zo ta biyu a( 2010) * FIFA U-(20) ta gasar cin kofin duniya : (2001) '''Na ɗaiɗai''' * Ligue 1 Player of the Month : a watan Oktoba a shekara ( 2004) * ya zama Gwarzon shekara a ligue 1 :a shekarar ( 2004 zuwa 2005) * kulob din shekara ta ligue 1 : ashekarar (2012 zuwa 2013 da 2004 zuwa 2005) * kungiyar CAF ta Shekara : (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009) * Gwarzon dan kwallon Afirka na BBC na shekara :( 2006) * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Ghana : (2007) * Dan wasan Chelsea na shekara : (2006 zuwa 2007) * Chelsea Goal of the year :( 2006 zuwa 2007 vs Arsenal, 2008 2009 da Barcelona) * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta( 2008) : kungiyar Wasanni == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.michaelessiengh.com/home.html}} * [http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/players/profile.overview.html/michael-essien Bayanin Firimiya Lig] * Chelsea F.C. Profile (chelseafc.com) * Michael Essien * {{FIFA player|175524}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Gana]] [[Category:Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana]] [[Category:Wasannin FIFA]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Haifaffun ƙasar Ghana]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] <references /> lczz3828cgfrzs792rluk3w2k23h1as 0 20714 166069 124875 2022-08-14T23:39:00Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hashim U. Ahmed''' [[Birtaniya|likitan likitancin Birtaniya]] ne, masanin ilmin likitanci ne kuma marubucin wallafe-wallafe a fagen binciken cututtukan sankara da magani. bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje a yadda ake bincikar mutanen da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar sankarar mafitsara da kuma maza da ke faɗaɗa karuwanci da ba su magani. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> Shi ne [[Farfesa]] kuma Shugaban Urology a Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da kuma Mashawarcin Likitan Urological a duka Charing Cross Hospital da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> == Ilimi == Yayi karatun likitanci a [[jami'ar Oxford]], inda ya kammala karatunsa na BA (Hons) a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar aliif tta 1998 sannan ya kammala karatun digirinsa na likita (BM, BCh) a shekara ta 2001 kuma an yi masa rijista da GMC tun daga shekara ta 2001. <ref>[https://webcache.gmc-uk.org/gmclrmp_enu/start.swe?SWECmd=GotoView&SWEBHWND=&_sn=Vx5IX2VFNfnzCfvT-MdAIgH7ynRnbEn7s0JGWKtDYy-ndUY2UxC4.eq.h.VaZomgix12emrT9mqU8jTuoiiwG9T5eaxhieUmkLEPjQSnokM3bZBC3zlPCPjPGvA29Z6aGbKfz0cfZvVmHl7xZNpJ76Wdze3eUiY0DxwVzwPEsrOpqAnFc5MZt8WE.l-x0kcJqebnaliTOeM_&SWEView=GMC+WEB+Doctor+Search&SRN=&SWEHo=webcache.gmc-uk.org&SWETS=1578209614&SWEApplet=GMC+WEB+Health+Provider+Search+Applet List of Registered Medical Practitioners: Dr. Hashim Ahmed]</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin gwaji a makarantar koyar da tsaftar muhalli ta London a shekara ta 2010 sannan ya kammala karatun digirin digirgir a kwalejin Landan a shekara ta 2013, mai taken "Rawar Focal Therapy wajen kula da Ciwon Kanjamau". == Aikin asibiti == Farfesa Ahmed a halin yanzu yana raba lokacinsa tsakanin aikin asibiti da bincike, <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> yin aiki a Asibitin Charing Cross <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> A matsayin mai gabatarwa a fagen yanayin karuwanci, yana ɗaya daga cikin suran likitocin da ke ba da HIFU (ultraararrawar mai da hankali kan duban dan tayi) da kuma maganin ƙwaƙwalwa don cutar kansa da kuma Rezüm ruwa mai zafi da zafi (wanda aka fi sani da Prostate steam treatment ) ga marasa lafiya da aka gano tare da fadada prostate a cikin Burtaniya, tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/190107/new-steam-treatment-offers-hope-with/ Imperial College London: New steam treatment offers hope for men with an enlarged prostate]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/08/21/five-minute-steam-treatment-shrinks-enlarged-prostates-offers/ The Telegraph: Five-minute steam treatment that shrinks enlarged prostate offers hope for millions of men]</ref> === Bincike === Abubuwan da Farfesa Ahmed yake da shi na bincike ya ta'allaka ne kan ci gaban bincike da kuma maganin sankarar mahaifa da fadada cutar ta prostate, don inganta yanayin rayuwa da ingancin rayuwa ga masu cutar kansar ta prostate. <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/research/research-we-fund/ria17-st2-012 Prostate cancer uk:Focusing on targeted treatments to reduce side effects]</ref> <ref>[https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/prostate-cancer/men-with-prostate-cancer-willing-to-accept-worse-survival-odds-to-improve-qol/ Cancer Therapy Advisor: Men With Prostate Cancer Willing to Accept Worse Survival Odds to Improve QoL]</ref> Bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga aiwatar da sabbin dabarun bincike kamar su hoto mai ci gaba, masu sarrafa kwayoyin halitta da dabarun nazarin halittu, don gano ainihin kwayoyin cutar kansa, inganta daidaiton bincike da sanar da hanyoyin magance cutar. <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2017/01/19/prostate-cancer-could-ruled-simple-mri-scan-prevents-25000-biopsies/ The Telegraph: Prostate cancer could be ruled out with simple MRI scan which prevents 25,000 biopsies]</ref> <ref>[https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/implementing-timed-prostate-cancer-diagnostic-pathway.pdf NHS England: Implementing a timed prostate cancer diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/jan/19/mri-biopsy-prostate-cancer-diagnosis-research-nhs The Guardian: MRI twice as likely as biopsy to spot prostate cancer, research shows]</ref> Sakamakon aikinsa kai tsaye, NHS yana gwajin Hanyar Gudanar da Hannun Jirgin Ruwa da marasa lafiya da ke karɓar sikandire na MRI da yawa (mp-MRI) kafin su yi bincike. <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/rapid-diagnostic-prostate-cancer-pathway/ NHS: RAPID diagnostic prostate cancer pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/videos/professor-hashim-ahmed-on-our-rapid-prostate-pathway-pilot/ NHC RM Partners: Professor Hashim Ahmed on the RAPID prostate diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2017/1/how-playing-the-long-game-and-your-donations-led-to-mpmri-breakthrough Prostate Cancer UK: How playing the long game and your donations led to mpMRI breakthrough]</ref> <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/health-38689380/mri-scanning-for-prostate-cancer-biggest-advance-in-decades BBC News: MRI scanning for prostate cancer biggest advance 'in decades']</ref> Ahmed ya kuma yi aiki a kan sabbin dabaru, marasa magani wadanda ba masu cutarwa ba wadanda suka shafi kwayoyin cutar kansa yayin da suke adana lafiyayyun nama da aiki, don haka yake haifar da da karancin sakamako; wadannan jiyya sun hada da mai da hankali mai karfi kan duban dan tayi (HIFU), cryotherapy, cirewar radiofrequency, guba mai guba, magnetic thermo-ablation da rabuwa ta wani bangare maimakon cika cirewar prostate. <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/II-SB-0712-20001 National institute for health research: Magnetic Thermoablation in the Treatment of Early Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/12/35/54 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical prosTatectomy (PART) in intermediate risk unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer a feasibility study]</ref> <ref>[https://grandroundsinurology.com/dr-hashim-u-ahmed-on-todays-focal-therapy-for-prostate-cancer/ Grand Rounds in Uroiogy: Dr. Hashim U. Ahmed on Today’s Focal Therapy For Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/17/150/01 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical Treatment (PART) in intermediate risk, unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Masu bincike]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pyd6mb7xl39nbl6dfghtapx0peirajy 166073 166069 2022-08-14T23:43:25Z SIRTEE1 14849 Nacanza aliif zuwa alif dakuma london zuwa ingila wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hashim U. Ahmed''' [[Birtaniya|likitan likitancin Birtaniya]] ne, masanin ilmin likitanci ne kuma marubucin wallafe-wallafe a fagen binciken cututtukan sankara da magani. bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje a yadda ake bincikar mutanen da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar sankarar mafitsara da kuma maza da ke faɗaɗa karuwanci da ba su magani. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> Shi ne [[Farfesa]] kuma Shugaban Urology a Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da kuma Mashawarcin Likitan Urological a duka Charing Cross Hospital da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> == Ilimi == Yayi karatun likitanci a [[jami'ar Oxford]], inda ya kammala karatunsa na BA (Hons) a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar alif ta 1998 sannan ya kammala karatun digirinsa na likita (BM, BCh) a shekara ta 2001 kuma an yi masa rijista da GMC tun daga shekara ta 2001. <ref>[https://webcache.gmc-uk.org/gmclrmp_enu/start.swe?SWECmd=GotoView&SWEBHWND=&_sn=Vx5IX2VFNfnzCfvT-MdAIgH7ynRnbEn7s0JGWKtDYy-ndUY2UxC4.eq.h.VaZomgix12emrT9mqU8jTuoiiwG9T5eaxhieUmkLEPjQSnokM3bZBC3zlPCPjPGvA29Z6aGbKfz0cfZvVmHl7xZNpJ76Wdze3eUiY0DxwVzwPEsrOpqAnFc5MZt8WE.l-x0kcJqebnaliTOeM_&SWEView=GMC+WEB+Doctor+Search&SRN=&SWEHo=webcache.gmc-uk.org&SWETS=1578209614&SWEApplet=GMC+WEB+Health+Provider+Search+Applet List of Registered Medical Practitioners: Dr. Hashim Ahmed]</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin gwaji a makarantar koyar da tsaftar muhalli ta ingila a shekara ta 2010 sannan ya kammala karatun digirin digirgir a kwalejin Landan a shekara ta 2013, mai taken "Rawar Focal Therapy wajen kula da Ciwon Kanjamau". == Aikin asibiti == Farfesa Ahmed a halin yanzu yana raba lokacinsa tsakanin aikin asibiti da bincike, <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> yin aiki a Asibitin Charing Cross <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> A matsayin mai gabatarwa a fagen yanayin karuwanci, yana ɗaya daga cikin suran likitocin da ke ba da HIFU (ultraararrawar mai da hankali kan duban dan tayi) da kuma maganin ƙwaƙwalwa don cutar kansa da kuma Rezüm ruwa mai zafi da zafi (wanda aka fi sani da Prostate steam treatment ) ga marasa lafiya da aka gano tare da fadada prostate a cikin Burtaniya, tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/190107/new-steam-treatment-offers-hope-with/ Imperial College London: New steam treatment offers hope for men with an enlarged prostate]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/08/21/five-minute-steam-treatment-shrinks-enlarged-prostates-offers/ The Telegraph: Five-minute steam treatment that shrinks enlarged prostate offers hope for millions of men]</ref> === Bincike === Abubuwan da Farfesa Ahmed yake da shi na bincike ya ta'allaka ne kan ci gaban bincike da kuma maganin sankarar mahaifa da fadada cutar ta prostate, don inganta yanayin rayuwa da ingancin rayuwa ga masu cutar kansar ta prostate. <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/research/research-we-fund/ria17-st2-012 Prostate cancer uk:Focusing on targeted treatments to reduce side effects]</ref> <ref>[https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/prostate-cancer/men-with-prostate-cancer-willing-to-accept-worse-survival-odds-to-improve-qol/ Cancer Therapy Advisor: Men With Prostate Cancer Willing to Accept Worse Survival Odds to Improve QoL]</ref> Bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga aiwatar da sabbin dabarun bincike kamar su hoto mai ci gaba, masu sarrafa kwayoyin halitta da dabarun nazarin halittu, don gano ainihin kwayoyin cutar kansa, inganta daidaiton bincike da sanar da hanyoyin magance cutar. <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2017/01/19/prostate-cancer-could-ruled-simple-mri-scan-prevents-25000-biopsies/ The Telegraph: Prostate cancer could be ruled out with simple MRI scan which prevents 25,000 biopsies]</ref> <ref>[https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/implementing-timed-prostate-cancer-diagnostic-pathway.pdf NHS England: Implementing a timed prostate cancer diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/jan/19/mri-biopsy-prostate-cancer-diagnosis-research-nhs The Guardian: MRI twice as likely as biopsy to spot prostate cancer, research shows]</ref> Sakamakon aikinsa kai tsaye, NHS yana gwajin Hanyar Gudanar da Hannun Jirgin Ruwa da marasa lafiya da ke karɓar sikandire na MRI da yawa (mp-MRI) kafin su yi bincike. <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/rapid-diagnostic-prostate-cancer-pathway/ NHS: RAPID diagnostic prostate cancer pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/videos/professor-hashim-ahmed-on-our-rapid-prostate-pathway-pilot/ NHC RM Partners: Professor Hashim Ahmed on the RAPID prostate diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2017/1/how-playing-the-long-game-and-your-donations-led-to-mpmri-breakthrough Prostate Cancer UK: How playing the long game and your donations led to mpMRI breakthrough]</ref> <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/health-38689380/mri-scanning-for-prostate-cancer-biggest-advance-in-decades BBC News: MRI scanning for prostate cancer biggest advance 'in decades']</ref> Ahmed ya kuma yi aiki a kan sabbin dabaru, marasa magani wadanda ba masu cutarwa ba wadanda suka shafi kwayoyin cutar kansa yayin da suke adana lafiyayyun nama da aiki, don haka yake haifar da da karancin sakamako; wadannan jiyya sun hada da mai da hankali mai karfi kan duban dan tayi (HIFU), cryotherapy, cirewar radiofrequency, guba mai guba, magnetic thermo-ablation da rabuwa ta wani bangare maimakon cika cirewar prostate. <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/II-SB-0712-20001 National institute for health research: Magnetic Thermoablation in the Treatment of Early Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/12/35/54 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical prosTatectomy (PART) in intermediate risk unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer a feasibility study]</ref> <ref>[https://grandroundsinurology.com/dr-hashim-u-ahmed-on-todays-focal-therapy-for-prostate-cancer/ Grand Rounds in Uroiogy: Dr. Hashim U. Ahmed on Today’s Focal Therapy For Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/17/150/01 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical Treatment (PART) in intermediate risk, unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Masu bincike]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nl0qy0m2o7p772nc7j8zpui4545t7ju 166083 166073 2022-08-14T23:51:37Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hashim U. Ahmed''' [[Birtaniya|likitan likitancin Birtaniya]] ne, masanin ilmin likitanci ne kuma marubucin wallafe-wallafe a fagen binciken cututtukan sankara da magani. bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje a yadda ake bincikar mutanen da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar sankarar mafitsara da kuma maza da ke faɗaɗa karuwanci da ba su magani. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> Shi ne [[Farfesa]] kuma Shugaban Urology a Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da kuma Mashawarcin Likitan Urological a duka Charing Cross Hospital da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> == Ilimi == Yayi karatun likitanci a [[jami'ar Oxford]], inda ya kammala karatunsa na BA (Hons) a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar alif ta 1998 sannan ya kammala karatun digirinsa na likita (BM, BCh) a shekara ta 2001 kuma an yi masa rijista da GMC tun daga shekara ta 2001. <ref>[https://webcache.gmc-uk.org/gmclrmp_enu/start.swe?SWECmd=GotoView&SWEBHWND=&_sn=Vx5IX2VFNfnzCfvT-MdAIgH7ynRnbEn7s0JGWKtDYy-ndUY2UxC4.eq.h.VaZomgix12emrT9mqU8jTuoiiwG9T5eaxhieUmkLEPjQSnokM3bZBC3zlPCPjPGvA29Z6aGbKfz0cfZvVmHl7xZNpJ76Wdze3eUiY0DxwVzwPEsrOpqAnFc5MZt8WE.l-x0kcJqebnaliTOeM_&SWEView=GMC+WEB+Doctor+Search&SRN=&SWEHo=webcache.gmc-uk.org&SWETS=1578209614&SWEApplet=GMC+WEB+Health+Provider+Search+Applet List of Registered Medical Practitioners: Dr. Hashim Ahmed]</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin gwaji a makarantar koyar da tsaftar muhalli ta ingila a shekara ta 2010 sannan ya kammala karatun digirin digirgir a kwalejin Landan a shekara ta 2013, mai taken "Rawar Focal Therapy wajen kula da Ciwon Kanjamau". == Aikin asibiti == Farfesa Ahmed a halin yanzu yana raba lokacinsa tsakanin aikin asibiti da bincike, <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> yin aiki a Asibitin Charing Cross <ref name="NHS">[https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/consultant-directory/hashim-u-ahmed Imperial College healthcare: Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> da BUPA Cromwell Hospital . <ref name="bupa">[https://www.bupacromwellhospital.com/find-a-doctor/find-a-consultant/hashim-ahmed/ Cromwell Hospital:Professor Hashim Ahmed, Consultant Urological Surgeon]</ref> A matsayin mai gabatarwa a fagen yanayin karuwanci, yana ɗaya daga cikin sauran likitocin da ke ba da HIFU (ultra rarrawar mai da hankali kan duban dan tayi) da kuma maganin ƙwaƙwalwa don cutar kansa da kuma Rezüm ruwa mai zafi da zafi (wanda aka fi sani da Prostate steam treatment ) ga marasa lafiya da aka gano tare da fadada prostate a cikin Birtaniya, tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa. <ref name="top">[https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/doctor/hashim-uddin-ahmed NHS:Professor Hashim U. Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/190107/new-steam-treatment-offers-hope-with/ Imperial College London: New steam treatment offers hope for men with an enlarged prostate]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/08/21/five-minute-steam-treatment-shrinks-enlarged-prostates-offers/ The Telegraph: Five-minute steam treatment that shrinks enlarged prostate offers hope for millions of men]</ref> === Bincike === Abubuwan da Farfesa Ahmed yake da shi na bincike ya ta'allaka ne kan ci gaban bincike da kuma maganin sankarar mahaifa da fadada cutar ta prostate, don inganta yanayin rayuwa da ingancin rayuwa ga masu cutar kansar ta prostate. <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/research/research-we-fund/ria17-st2-012 Prostate cancer uk:Focusing on targeted treatments to reduce side effects]</ref> <ref>[https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/prostate-cancer/men-with-prostate-cancer-willing-to-accept-worse-survival-odds-to-improve-qol/ Cancer Therapy Advisor: Men With Prostate Cancer Willing to Accept Worse Survival Odds to Improve QoL]</ref> Bincikensa ya ba da gudummawa ga aiwatar da sabbin dabarun bincike kamar su hoto mai ci gaba, masu sarrafa kwayoyin halitta da dabarun nazarin halittu, don gano ainihin kwayoyin cutar kansa, inganta daidaiton bincike da sanar da hanyoyin magance cutar. <ref name="UK">[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2019/5/professor-hash-ahmed-profile Prostate Cancer UK: Spotlight on: Professor Hash Ahmed]</ref> <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2017/01/19/prostate-cancer-could-ruled-simple-mri-scan-prevents-25000-biopsies/ The Telegraph: Prostate cancer could be ruled out with simple MRI scan which prevents 25,000 biopsies]</ref> <ref>[https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/implementing-timed-prostate-cancer-diagnostic-pathway.pdf NHS England: Implementing a timed prostate cancer diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/jan/19/mri-biopsy-prostate-cancer-diagnosis-research-nhs The Guardian: MRI twice as likely as biopsy to spot prostate cancer, research shows]</ref> Sakamakon aikinsa kai tsaye, NHS yana gwajin Hanyar Gudanar da Hannun Jirgin Ruwa da marasa lafiya da ke karɓar sikandire na MRI da yawa (mp-MRI) kafin su yi bincike. <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/rapid-diagnostic-prostate-cancer-pathway/ NHS: RAPID diagnostic prostate cancer pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://rmpartners.nhs.uk/videos/professor-hashim-ahmed-on-our-rapid-prostate-pathway-pilot/ NHC RM Partners: Professor Hashim Ahmed on the RAPID prostate diagnostic pathway]</ref> <ref>[https://prostatecanceruk.org/about-us/news-and-views/2017/1/how-playing-the-long-game-and-your-donations-led-to-mpmri-breakthrough Prostate Cancer UK: How playing the long game and your donations led to mpMRI breakthrough]</ref> <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/health-38689380/mri-scanning-for-prostate-cancer-biggest-advance-in-decades BBC News: MRI scanning for prostate cancer biggest advance 'in decades']</ref> Ahmed ya kuma yi aiki a kan sabbin dabaru, marasa magani wadanda ba masu cutarwa ba wadanda suka shafi kwayoyin cutar kansa yayin da suke adana lafiyayyun nama da aiki, don haka yake haifar da karancin sakamako; wadannan jiyya sun hada da mai da hankali mai karfi kan duban dan tayi (HIFU), cryotherapy, cirewar radiofrequency, guba mai guba, magnetic thermo-ablation da rabuwa ta wani bangare maimakon cika cirewar prostate. <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/II-SB-0712-20001 National institute for health research: Magnetic Thermoablation in the Treatment of Early Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/12/35/54 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical prosTatectomy (PART) in intermediate risk unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer a feasibility study]</ref> <ref>[https://grandroundsinurology.com/dr-hashim-u-ahmed-on-todays-focal-therapy-for-prostate-cancer/ Grand Rounds in Uroiogy: Dr. Hashim U. Ahmed on Today’s Focal Therapy For Prostate Cancer]</ref> <ref>[https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/17/150/01 NIHR: A randomised controlled trial of Partial prostate Ablation versus Radical Treatment (PART) in intermediate risk, unilateral clinically localised prostate cancer]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Masu bincike]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] n4368ly10moy1rhl24rspjkno9cihw4 0 21662 165949 92851 2022-08-14T17:14:02Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Lee "Danny" Allsopp''' (an haife shi ranar 10 ga watan Agusta shekarar 1978) shi ne tsohon ɗan wasan [[Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Ya buga wasan karshe ne a Launceston City. Shi cikakken ɗan ƙasa ne ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Australiya, kuma sananne ne sosai don kasancewar Melbourne Nasara ta biyu mafi girma, kuma A-League ta bakwai mafi yawan ƙwallaye ƙwallaye , a bayan Archie Thompson, Shane Smeltz, Besart Berisha, Jamie Maclaren, Sergio van Dijk, Mark Bridge da Carlos Hernandez . == Klub din == Allsopp ya fara aikinsa na kwallon kafa tare da Monbulk Rangers a shekarar 1994 yana dan shekara 16, yana fafatawa a cikin rukunin kungiyar Victorian Provisional League Division 1. <ref>http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/States/VIC/1994PD1R.html</ref> A shekara mai zuwa ya shiga Croydon City a gasar rukuni-rukuni na ianasar ta Victoria kafin ya koma kulob din NSL South Melbourne a shekarar 1995. Bayan yanayi biyu tare da Kudu, Allsopp yayi tafiya zuwa ƙauyen zuwa Carlton SC don lokacin shekarar 1997 NSL. Allsopp spent the 1998 Victorian Premier League season with Port Melbourne Sharks then moved to England to trial for Second Division club [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]], and after scoring in City's first friendly match against Newquay as well as some reserve team matches, he was signed for the club for the 1998–99 season. Allsopp's four goals in 25 games saw Manchester City promoted to the First Division, but he struggled to find a regular place in the team as the team in the 1999–2000 season, and was loaned out to Notts County. An bashi shi ga Wrexham a farkon 2000, kuma ya ci kwallaye hudu a wasanni uku kacal a karshen kakar 1999-2000. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ya tafi aro zuwa Bristol Rovers, inda ya kasa cin kwallo a wasanni hudu da ya buga. Allsopp ya dawo da matsayin aro zuwa Notts County, kuma ya ci kwallaye hudu a wasanni uku kafin kungiyar ta siye shi kan £ 300,000. A cikin wasanni uku, ya zira kwallaye 50 a wasanni 111 (a duk wasannin) kafin ya sanya hannu tare da Hull City don 2003-04. Matsayin ya ba da ƙarin nasara ga Allsopp, yayin da ya ci kwallaye 15 a farkon kakarsa da bakwai a 2004-05 a matsayin na yau da kullun a cikin sahun gaba. Allsopp ya tattauna da sakin farko daga Hull, kuma ya yanke shawarar komawa Australiya don bugawa sabuwar kungiyar Melbourne Nasara a karkashin Ernie Merrick, wanda ya horar da Allsopp a lokacin da yake VIS. Duk da cewa ya fara farawa 20 a kakar 2005-06, Allsopp bai kusan yin fice kamar na kungiyoyin da ya gabata ba, kuma ya ci kwallaye uku ne kawai a shekarar. Lokacin ya buga wasan Allsopp na 250th a duk wasannin gasar. Lokacin 2006-07 ya ga canji mai ban mamaki a cikin tarihin cin kwallaye na Allsopp a Melbourne. Ya kammala kaka a matsayin gwarzon zinare na gasar laliga a matsayin wanda yafi kowa zira kwallaye a wasannin gida da waje. Kwallayen sa 11 yasa ya zama dan wasan A-League na farko daya fara cin kwallaye biyu kuma yana da kwallaye daya sama da na biyu, abokin wasan Archie Thompson . Kwallaye 35 da ya ci a raga shi ma ya yi daidai da dan wasan Newcastle Jets Nick Carle . A lokacin kakar wasanni ta shekarar 2009 zuwa 10 A-League an tabbatar cewa Allsopp ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar [[Qatar]] , Al-Rayyan Sports Club, kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya rage kasa da shekara daya a kwantiraginsa da Nasara. A 22 ga ga watan Satumba shekarar 2009, Allsopp ya fara buga wa Al-Rayyan wasa a kan Al-Kharatiyat, yana ba da taimako don burin Amara Diane. Allsopp shiga Major League Soccer kulob DC United a ranar 18 ga Watan Janairu 2010. Allsopp da DC United sun amince da juna don dakatar da kwantiraginsa bayan shekara ɗaya kawai tare da ƙungiyar. A ranar 24 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2010 Allsopp ya sake haɗuwa tare da takwarorinsa na ƙungiyar a Melbourne Nasara, a cikin kwangilar da za ta ci gaba da kasancewa a can har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin 2012–13. A ranar 18 Watan Oktoba shekarar 2012 ya sanar da yin ritaya daga kwallon kafa. A cikin shekara ta 2013, Allsopp ya dawo ya taka leda a kulob din yarinta, Croydon City Arrows . Shekarar 2014 ta kasance shekara mai nasara ga duka Croydon & Allsopp, tare da kulab din da ya lashe gasar Victoria State League 4 East & gabatarwa zuwa State League 3 da Allsopp da suka lashe gasar laliga mafi kyau da kyau da kuma Kyautar Zinare. <ref>http://www.footballfedvic.com.au/2014-state-leagues-award-winners/</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2013, Allsopp ya sanya hannu a matsayin baƙon ɗan wasa na Launceston City FC . Ya kasance cikin wasan zagaye na 15 na Premier League Tasmania tsakanin Launceston City FC da abokan hamayyar gida na Rangers FC . Wasan ya ƙare a wasan da aka lallasa Northern Rangers FC da ci 6-0, tare da Allsopp ya ɗauki katin rawaya don ƙalubalen rashin tunani. A shekara ta 2014 Allsopp ya sake fitowa fili don kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Tasmanian State a matsayin bako dan wasa, a zagaye na 5 na gasar Premier ta kasa Tasmania da kungiyar 'yar uwar City Hobart Zebras FC . Wasan ya kare ne da nasarar da 4-2 ta samu ga City, inda Allsopp ya ci kwallaye uku-uku. Wannan ya zama tarihi wanda ya kawo sakamako ga City kuma ya ga karshen rashin nasara a wasanni 25, kuma a baya kungiyar ba ta ci wasa ko daya ba tun bayan fara sabuwar gasar a duk fadin jihar a shekarar 2013. == Ayyukan duniya == A cikin shekarar 1995, ya yi suna a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 17, inda aka daure shi a matsayin wanda ya fi cin kwallaye biyar, ciki har da daya a rashin nasarar Australiya da ci 3-1 ga Brazil wacce ta zo ta biyu . Ayyukansa sun buɗe ƙofar shigarsa cikin Nationalwallon Australianwallon Australianwallon Australiya na Australiya, tare da sanya hannu tare da South Melbourne . Ya kasance tare da kungiyar har zuwa shekarar 1997, bayan da ya ci kwallaye biyu a wasanni 20 da ya buga. Allsopp ya sake wakiltar Ostiraliya, a wannan karon a matakin 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 a 1997 FIFA World Championship Championship a [[Maleziya|Malaysia]], tare da Australia sun tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu kafin Japan ta doke ta. Bayan dawowarsa an sanya hannu a kan Carlton SC, amma an ba da shi aro ga kulob din VPL na Port Melbourne Sharks . A halin yanzu, Allsopp ya zama memba na kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 23 ta Ostiraliya ("Olyroos") a shekarar 1999, kuma ya buga wasanni uku don cin kwallo daya a shekarar 2000, amma ba a zabi shi a cikin kungiyar ta 2000 ba. Wasannin bazara . Daga karshe Allsopp ya sami kiransa na farko ga manyan 'yan wasan Australia don wasan sada zumunci da Uruguay a watan Yunin 2007 kuma ya zo ne a matsayin wanda ya sauya minti na 78 a wasan da Amurka ta Kudu ta ci su 2-1. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu ya buga wa Australia wasa karo na biyu 2 a lokacin da ya dawo a madadin James Troisi a wasan sada zumunci da Ghana . Kocin kasa Pim Verbeek ya bayyana yadda Allsopp ya yi wasa da Indonesia a watan Fabrairun shekarar 2009 a matsayin "maras kwari", <ref name="bag">[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/02/24/2500041.htm Verbeek unleashes on 'hopeless' Socceroos pair]</ref> kodayake daga baya ya kara da cewa "a wasannin karshe (na Melbourne) na ga suna da kyau kwarai da gaske, don haka watakila saboda Indonesia ne ko tafiya ". == Clubididdigar kulab ɗin aiki == ( ''Daidai kamar na 7 Mayu 2010'' ) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Ƙungiya ! rowspan="2" |Sizin ! colspan="2" |Lig ! colspan="2" |Kofi ! colspan="2" |Nahiya ! colspan="2" |Jimilla |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |South Melbourne |1995–1996 |3 |0 | - | - | - | - |3 |0 |- |1995–1996 |17 |2 | - | - | - | - |17 |2 |- |'''Total''' |20 |2 | - | - | - | - |'''20''' |'''2''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Carlton SC |1997–1998 |15 |3 | - | - | - | - |'''15''' |'''3''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Port Melbourne Sharks |1997–1998 |14 |9 | - | - | - | - |'''14''' |'''9''' |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |[[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] |1998–1999 |25 |4 |4 |2 | - | - |29 |6 |- |1999–2000 |4 |0 |4 |0 | - | - |8 |0 |- |2000–2001 |1 |0 | - | - | - | - |1 |0 |- |'''Total''' |30 |4 |8 |2 | - | - |'''38''' |'''6''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Notts County (loan) |1999–2000 |3 |1 | - | - | - | - |'''3''' |'''1''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Wrexham FC (loan) |1998–1999 |3 |4 | - | - | - | - |'''3''' |'''4''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Bristol Rovers (loan) |2000–2001 |6 |0 | - | - | - | - |'''6''' |'''0''' |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |Notts County |2000–2001 |29 |13 |4 |0 | - | - |33 |13 |- |2001–2002 |43 |19 |7 |9 | - | - |50 |28 |- |2002–2003 |33 |10 |3 |2 | - | - |36 |12 |- |'''Total''' |102 |39 |13 |11 | - | - |'''115''' |'''50''' |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Hull City |2003–2004 |36 |15 |1 | - | - | - |37 |15 |- |2004–2005 |28 |7 |2 |0 | - | - |30 |7 |- |'''Total''' |64 |22 |3 |0 | - | - |'''67''' |'''22''' |- | rowspan="6" valign="center" |Melbourne Victory |2005–06 |20 |3 |3 |2 | - | - |23 |5 |- |2006–07 |23 |12 |4 |2 | - | - |27 |14 |- |2007–08 |18 |7 |1 |0 | - | - |19 |7 |- |2008–09 |24 |13 |4 |3 |6 |3 |34 |19 |- |2009–10 |4 |1 | - | - | - | - |4 |1 |- |'''Total''' |89 |36 |12 |7 |6 |3 |'''107''' |'''46''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Al-Rayyan |2009–2010 |12 |6 |3 |2 | - | - |'''15''' |'''8''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |D.C. United |2010 |22 |5 |6 |4 | - | - |'''28''' |'''9''' |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Melbourne Victory |2010–11 |9 |5 | - | - | - | - |'''9''' |'''5''' |- ! colspan="2" |Total !389 !136 !45 !26 !6 !3 !438 !165 |} == Daraja == === Kulab === '''Nasara Melbourne :''' * Gasar A-League : 2006-07, 2008-09 * Firimiyan A-League : 2006-07, 2008-09 === Kowane mutum === * 1995 FIFA U-17 Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Zinariya * Takalmin Zinare na A-League: 2006-07 * Melbourne Nasara Nasara Medal: 2006-2007 * Melbourne Nasara Player's Player of the Year: 2006-07, 2008-09 == Rayuwar iyali== Allsopp an haife shi ne a [[Melbourne]], Victoria kuma ya yi aure tare da 'ya'ya maza biyu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2013}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/melbournevictory/players/Daniel-Allsopp/1 Bayanin Nasara na Melbourne] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110527204312/http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/Socceroos/default.aspx?s=soc_player_profile&pid=897&tid=23 FFA - Bayanin Socceroo] * Danny Allsopp * [http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/Players/A/ALG.html#AllsoppDaniel OzFootball profile] * [https://archive.is/20130223042026/http://www.uit.no/mancity/players/old/allsopp.html Bayanin Manchester City] * Danny Allsopp </img> ==Manazarta== [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Asturaliya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] dzf46jrmm12ndp2bh5k3szwxtxvs5vm 4 21908 165997 165823 2022-08-14T21:02:32Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:Akringim|Akringim]] |[[Special:Contributions/Akringim|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 13 ga Augusta 2022 |- |2 |[[User:Shakarov.Elnur|Shakarov.Elnur]] |[[Special:Contributions/Shakarov.Elnur|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |3 |[[User:Aliabharisrk|Aliabharisrk]] |[[Special:Contributions/Aliabharisrk|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |4 |[[User:QW22|QW22]] |[[Special:Contributions/QW22|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |5 |[[User:ChoHyeri|ChoHyeri]] |[[Special:Contributions/ChoHyeri|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |6 |[[User:Yuichi Nishimura Atushi1029|Yuichi Nishimura Atushi1029]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yuichi Nishimura Atushi1029|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |7 |[[User:Sadeeq Lahore|Sadeeq Lahore]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sadeeq Lahore|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |8 |[[User:Sugar112|Sugar112]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sugar112|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |9 |[[User:Black Sky83|Black Sky83]] |[[Special:Contributions/Black Sky83|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |10 |[[User:Mateo sou|Mateo sou]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mateo sou|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |11 |[[User:Quuxplusone|Quuxplusone]] |[[Special:Contributions/Quuxplusone|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 14 ga Augusta 2022 |- |} f48x7yy84dp3ixdqx74qq2qg5k8fdaz 0 21947 166102 95528 2022-08-15T06:55:00Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Dave Hertel|clubs2=[[Michigan Bucks]]|totalcaps=116|goals4=0|caps4=39|clubs4=[[Richmond Kickers]]|years4=2010–2011|goals3=0|caps3=4|clubs3=[[Real Maryland Monarchs]]|years3=2009|goals2=10|caps2=29|years2=2008–2009|image=|goals1=0|caps1=44|clubs1=[[West Michigan Edge]]|years1=2005–2007|college1=[[Michigan State Spartans]]|collegeyears1=2004–2008|currentclub=|position=[[Midfielder]], [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]|height={{height|ft=5|in=10}}|birth_place=[[Holland, Michigan]], [[United States]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1986|3|7}}|fullname=David Hertel|totalgoals=10}}'''Dave Hertel''' (an haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Maris, 1986). American ritaya [[Kwallan Kwando|kwallon kafa]] player. == Ayyuka == === Matasa da kwaleji === Hertel ya halarci makarantar sakandaren Holland Christian inda ya ci gasar zakarun jiha, kuma aka sanya masa suna kungiya ta 1 Duk jihar, kungiyar mafarki, kuma aka zabe shi a matsayin dan wasa mafi kyau a Division 2. Ya kuma gama na 3 a kuri'un Mista Soccer. Ya taka leda a kungiyar Grand Valley Premier, Kalamazoo TKO, da kuma Michigan Wolves, kerkeci a lokacin sun kasance na 3 a kasar. Har ilahirin yau Hertel ya halarci kungiyar ODP ta jihar daga shekara 2001-2004, kuma an bashi karramawa da ya buga wa kungiyar ODP ta yankin daga shekara 2002-2004 zuwa Brazil da Chula Vista suna wasa da kungiyar U-17 ta Amurka, da kuma wasa da Santos Yara da Flamengos Junior. A cikin kwaleji ya buga [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙwallon ƙafa]] a Jami'ar Kentucky da Jami'ar Jihar Michigan, inda a Kentucky ya kasance ɓangare na ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar MAC a shekaran 2004. Daga nan ya koma MSU inda aka sa masa suna a cikin Manyan Gasar Ten-All-Championship a matsayin karami a shekara 2007. A cikin shekara 2008 kungiya ce ta farko duk manyan zaba goma, <ref>http://www.msuspartans.com/sports/m-soccer/spec-rel/111308aae.html</ref> ma a cikin shekara 2008 Spartans sun ci gaba da lashe kakar wasa'nni da kuma taron taro karo na farko a tarihin makaranta. Ya kasance ƙungiya ta 2 a duk yankin, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin playersan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa 65 da suka halarci Hadin gwiwar MLS nashekara 2009 <ref>http://www.msuspartans.com/sports/m-soccer/spec-rel/011009aaa.html</ref> Yayin karatunsa na kwaleji ya kuma buga wa West Michigan Edge da Michigan Bucks a USL Premier Development League, inda aka sanya shi a cikin Kungiyar PDL All-League Team a shekarar ta 2009. Hakanan, ya jagoranci kungiyar a kwallaye da maki, yana wasa a tsakiya. === Mai sana'a === Bayan babban lokacinsa a MSU 2008, Real Salt Lake na MLS ya yi alama da fice daga kwaleji. Bai sanya hannu tare da kulob din ba kuma Bayan kammalawar fitowar sa a 2009 PDL, Hertel ya sami sa hannun Real Maryland Sarakuna a USL Second Division . Ya fara wasan farko na kwararru ne a ranar 1 ga Agusta, 2009 a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 a hannun Richmond Kickers . A ranar 9 ga Maris, 2010, Richmond Kickers ya sanar da sanya hannu kan Hertel zuwa kwangila don kakar 2010. Hakanan a cikin 2010 Hertel ya kasance mai suna zuwa ƙungiyar ta biyu ta USL a farkon kakarsa tare da masu zura kwallo. <ref>http://www.mlive.com/soccer/index.ssf/2010/08/former_msu_soccer_star_dave_hertel_named_to_usl-2_all-league_team.html</ref> Hakanan Kickers sun sami nasarar zuwa wasan zakarun Turai, sun sha kashi a hannun Batirin Charleston . Hertel ya buga wa Kickers wasa a shekarar 2011 kuma yana cikin kungiyar da ta kare a mataki na 4 a gasar cin kofin US Open . A wannan gudu sun doke Columbus Crew a Columbus Crew Stadium da Sporting Kansas City ; zasu yi rashin nasara ga Chicago Fire a wasan kusa da na karshe 1-2. Bai zaɓi sake sanya hannu ba don 2012. == Bayani ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.msuspartans.com/sports/m-soccer/mtt/hertel_david00.html Jihar Michigan] ==Manazarta== amq00e56k6z7bsjdpzrslesw5vv9sys 0 22780 166000 142864 2022-08-14T21:06:56Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mason Will John Greenwood''' (an haife shi a ranar 1,ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2001)a kasar ingila sana'a [[Kwallan Kwando|kwallon]] kafa da suka taka leda a matsayin yan gaba na Premier League kulob din [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] da Ingila tawagar kasar . Ya zo ne ta hanyar tsarin matasa, Greenwood ya fara wasansa na farko a Manchester United a wasan UEFA Europa League da Astana a watan Satumba na shekara ta 2019, inda ya zira kwallaye ya zama mafi karancin shekaru da ya ci wa kungiyar kwallaye a gasar Turai yana da shekara (17), shekara, (353),  kwanaki . Babban wasansa na farko a Ingila ya zo ne a watan Satumbar shekara ta (2020), a wasan UEFA Nations League da Iceland . == Klub din == === Manchester United === ==== Farkon aiki ==== Greenwood ya koma Manchester United yana da shekara shida, yana wasa a makarantar ci gaban kulob din a Halifax . Bayan ya ci gaba ta hanyar karatun jami'a, ya hade da kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru (18), a kakar a shekara ta ( 2017zuwa2018), duk da cewa ya cancanci shiga' yan kasa da shekaru (16) , kuma ya kammala a matsayin dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Premier ta U(18), ta Arewa da kwallaye( 17), a wasanni( 21), A watan Mayu shekara ta (2018), Greenwood ya zama Gwarzon Wasannin yayin da bangaren matasa suka ci Kofin ICGT a Netherlands. A watan Yulin shekara ta( 2018), Greenwood ya yi tafiya tare da ƙungiyar farko a yawon shakatawa na farkon Amurka. A ranar( 20), ga watan yuli, ya buga wasan farko na rashin gasa a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin minti na( 76 ) don Luke Shaw a wasan da suka tashi( 1-1), da Club America . Ya kuma bayyana a wasan 0-0 tare da San Jose Earthquakes bayan kwana uku. A ranar( 2), ga watan Oktoba, Greenwood ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiraginsa na kwararru na farko da kulob din. A watan Disamba, [[José Mourinho]] ya zaɓe shi don ya yi horo tare da ƙungiyar farko kafin wasan su na UEFA Champions League da Valencia . A ranar( 6) ga watan Maris a shekara ta ( 2019), a karkashin jagorancin [[Ole Gunnar Solkjær|Ole Gunnar Solskjær]], Greenwood ya fara buga gasa a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin minti na (87) don Ashley Young a wasan da suka doke [[Paris Saint-Germain|Paris Saint Germain]] da ci (3-1 ), a gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA. A lokacin da yake da shekaru (17) da kwanaki( 156), ya zama ɗan wasa na biyu mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya wakilci kulob ɗin a gasar Turai (a bayan Norman Whiteside kawai) kuma ƙarami a kowane lokaci a Gasar Zakarun Turai. Kwana hudu bayan haka, ya fara buga wasan farko na Premier daga benci a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] daci( 2 - 0) don zama daya daga cikin matasan yan wasan kungiyar da suka fara buga wasa. A ranar (7) ga watan Mayu, Greenwood ya zama Gwarzon Premier na( 2) na Watan Afrilu. A ƙarshen kakar wasa, Greenwood ya karɓi kyautar Jimmy Murphy Young Player of the Year, wanda ake bayarwa kowace shekara ga mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a cikin ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙungiyar. A ranar (12), ga watan Mayu, ranar karshe ta kakar, shekara Greenwood ya fara buga wasan farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Cardiff City da ci (2 - 0). ==== Lokacin 2019–20: Farkon nasarar kungiyar ==== A ranar( 17) ga watan watan Yulin shekarar ta(2019), Greenwood ya zira kwallon farko ta farko a Manchester United a wasan da suka tashi( 4-0), a wasan farko da Leeds United, kuma ya bi shi da na biyu a wasan sada zumunci da United ta buga da Inter Milan .Ya fara kakar wasannin ne lokacin da yake buga wasa a kowane wasa na farko na farko a United, kafin su fara bude gasar Europa League da kungiyar Astana ta Kazakhstani a ranar( 19), ga Satumba; ya zira kwallo daya tilo a wasan don zama dan wasa mafi karancin shekaru da yaci kwallaye a gasar Turai yana da shekaru( 17),shekara, (353 ), kwanaki . Sannan ya ci kwallo mako guda daga baya a karawar da United ta yi da Rochdale a League Cup . A ranar (29), ga watan Oktoba, Greenwood ya zira kwallaye a ragar Manchester United a karkashin( 21) a wasan EFL Trophy da Doncaster Rovers . A ranar( 7) ga watan Nuwamba, Greenwood ya zira kwallaye kuma ya taimaka wa Martial, a wasan da United ta doke Partizan Belgrade da ci (3-0), wanda ya ba su damar tsallakewa zuwa gasar. A ranar( 24), ga Nuwamba, Greenwood ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a wasan da suka tashi (3-3), da Sheffield United . A ranar (12), ga Disamba, Greenwood ya zira kwallaye biyu ya kuma ci fanareti a wasan karshe na rukuni na gasar Europa League da AZ Alkmaar . Manchester United ta lashe wasan da ci (4), da nema kuma ta kare a saman rukuninta. Ya zira kwallon da ta zura a ragar Everton ranar (15 ), ga watan Disamba. A ranar( 11) ga watan Janairun( 2020), bayan kasa cin kwallaye a wasanni( 3), a jere, Greenwood ya zira kwallaye daya a cikin rushewar Norwich City da ci (4-0), Bayan kwana goma sha biyar, ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a Kofin FA yayin da United ta tafi da Tranmere Rovers da ci (6-0), Greenwood ya sake zira kwallaye makonni huɗu bayan haka, a wasan da suka doke Watford da ci (3-0), A ranar( 12 ) ga watan Maris, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyar a Turai yayin fafatawar (5-0 ),a kan LASK ta Austria; ya zama saurayi na farko da ya ci ƙalla kwallaye (5), a kakar wasa ɗaya ta Turai don United. Bayan dakatarwar da aka yi na tsawon watanni uku na kwallon kafa sanadiyyar cutar ta COVID-(19), Greenwood ya buga dukkan wasannin shida na United har zuwa( 9) ga watan Yulin shekara ta (2020),Ya kasa zira kwallaye a farkon ukun farko, amma ya gabatar da jimillar kwallaye hudu a cikin ukun na gaba, gami da zira kwallo a wasan da ci( 5-2 ), a kan Bournemouth a ranar (4), ga watan Yuli. Bayan haka, ya ci kwallo a ragar Aston Villa ; sanya shi dan wasa na hudu kawai tsakanin shekaru (19), ya zira kwallaye a wasanni uku a jere a gasar Premier kuma na farko tun bayan da Francis Jeffers ya yi wa Everton haka a shekara ta(1999). ==== Lokacin 2020-21 ==== A ranar (28 ), ga Oktoba a shekara ta (2020), Greenwood ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a gasar zakarun Turai a wasan da suka doke RB Leipzig da ci( 5-0), burin ya fito ne daga karo na farko da ya taba bugawa a gasar. A ranar( 5), ga Disambar( 2020), ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa ta bana a wasan da suka doke West Ham United da ci (3-1). A ranar (2), ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta ( 2021), Greenwood ya buga cikakken minti( 90 ) a wasan Manchester United na Premier-wanda ya yi daidai da ci (9-0) a gidan Southampton .A ranar( 11) ga watan Mayu a shekara ta( 2021), Greenwood ya ci kwallo a wasan Premier da suka fafata da Leicester City, wanda [[Amad Diallo|Amad Diallo ya]] taimaka, a wasan da aka tashi (2-1), burin shi ne karo na farko a cikin shekaru( 15 ), matashi ya taimaka wani don burin Premier. == Ayyukan duniya == Greenwood ya wakilci ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa ta shekara (17) ta Ingila da ta buga wasanni shida a cikin shekara ta (2017zuwa2018), kuma ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar a Gasar Algarve a Fotigal. A ranar (30), ga watan Agusta shekara ta ( 2019), Greenwood ya kasance cikin tawagar Ingila ta ‘yan kasa da shekaru( 21), a karo na farko kuma ya fara zama na farko a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin minti na (59t), yayin wasan da suka doke Turkey da ci (3-2), a ranar( 6) ga Satumbar a shekara ta ( 2019), don cancantar shiga Turai ta shekara( 2021 ) Gasar matasa 'yan kasa da shekaru (21), A ranar( 19 ) Nuwamba Nuwamba shekara ta ( 2019) Greenwood ya ci kwallon farko ta( U21s; ), Daidaita wasan da Netherlands a wasan wanda daga karshe Ingila tayi rashin nasara daci( 2-1). A ranar (25) ga watan Agusta a shekara ta( 2020), an saka Greenwood a cikin manyan 'yan wasan Ingila a karon farko. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko ne a ranar( 5 ), ga watan Satumba a wasan da suka doke Iceland a waje a wasan da suka buga a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na UEFA da suka buga a shekara ta( 2020)zuwa2021, suna zuwa ne a madadin minti na (78). A ranar( 7), ga watan Satumba Satumba (2020), Greenwood, tare da takwaransa na Ingila [[Phil Foden]], an cire su daga tawagar Ingila bayan karya ka'idojin keɓewar maganin coronavirus a Iceland. == Salon wasa == Greenwood ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya amma sannu a hankali ya zama na ci gaba . Sau da yawa yana wasa a gefen dama na Manchester United, tare da matsawa gaba don zama a matsayin dan wasan gaba na biyu lokacin da aka ciyar da kwallon cikin yankin bugun fanareti. Yayin aikinsa na farko, da yawa daga cikin kwallayen sa sun gan shi yana faduwa kafada ko saran kwallon don sanya shi a ƙafarsa ta hagu kafin ya zira kwallaye. Hakanan galibi yakan juyar da harbinsa ta hanyar neman ƙananan matsayi kusa daga hannun daman akwatin. A watan Mayu na shekara ta (2018), tsohon dan wasan Manchester United Clayton Blackmore ya ce: "Yana da kyau a kan kwallon kuma yana da kyau sosai da kafa biyu. Shine mutum na farko da na gani wanda yake ɗaukar fanareti da bugun-kai-tsaye da ƙafarsa mara kyau. Ban taba cin karo da irin wannan ba! ” A watan Maris na shekara ta (2019), tsohon kocin makarantar Mark Senior ya ce: "Mutane na cewa shi kamar sabon Robin van Persie ne amma ban sani ba. Ina ji shi nasa mutum ne. Ban ga wani dan wasa kamarsa ba. Salon sa yana nufin saurin sa yaudara ne saboda ya kasance mai saurin gudu. ” A watan Yulin shekara ta( 201), manajan Manchester United [[Ole Gunnar Solkjær|Ole Gunnar Solskjær ya]] yaba wa Greenwood a lokacin rangadinsu na fara kakar bana, yana mai cewa: "Zai iya buga dukkan mukaman gaba-da-gaba, ko kuma gaba da hudu, saboda yana iya buga lamba (10), lamba bakwai, lamba( 11), kuma lamba tara. Aan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ɗabi'a tare da ƙafarsa ta hagu, yana shigowa, amma yana da ƙafa biyu kuma yana iya yin wasa ko'ina a gaba. Yana kawai na halitta. Lokacin da ya dauki fanareti da damansa, sai ya dauki fanti da hagunsa, free-kicks da hagunsa, free-kicks da damansa. Shi kusan abin da za ku kira( 50:50), wataƙila( 51:49 )mai ƙafafun hagu. ” == Rayuwar mutum == An haifi Greenwood a Bradford, West Yorkshire kuma ya girma a yankin Wibsey na garin. Shi dan asalin Jamaica ne Iyalinsa suna da asali a wasanni; 'yar uwarsa, Ashton,' yar tsere ce. <ref name="ESPN" /> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kulab === {{Updated|match played 26 May 2021}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye ta ƙungiyar, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulab ! rowspan="2" | Lokaci ! colspan="3" | League ! colspan="2" | Kofin FA ! colspan="2" | Kofin EFL ! colspan="2" | Turai ! colspan="2" | Sauran ! colspan="2" | Jimla |- ! Rabuwa ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Ayyuka ! Goals |- | rowspan="4" | [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] | 2018-19 | Premier League | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 {{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 4 | 0 |- | 2019-20 | Premier League | 31 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 {{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} | 5 | colspan="2" | - | 49 | 17 |- | 2020–21 | Premier League | 31 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 14 {{Efn|Five appearances and one goal in UEFA Champions League, nine appearances and one goal in UEFA Europa League}} | 2 | colspan="2" | - | 52 | 12 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 65 ! 18 ! 9 ! 3 ! 7 ! 2 ! 24 ! 7 ! colspan="2" | - ! 105 ! 29 |- | Manchester United U21 | 2019-20 <ref name="sb1920" /> | colspan="1" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | 1 {{Efn|Appearance in [[EFL Trophy]]}} | 1 | 1 | 1 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimlar aiki ! 65 ! 18 ! 9 ! 3 ! 7 ! 2 ! 24 ! 7 ! 1 ! 1 ! 106 ! 30 |}   === Na duniya === {{Updated|match played 5 September 2020}}<ref name=NFT>{{NFT player |id=79261 |name=Greenwood, Mason |access-date=3 March 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara ! Teamungiyar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Ayyuka ! Goals |- | Ingila | 2020 | 9 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 9 ! 0 |} == Daraja == '''Manchester United''' * UEFA Europa League wacce ta zo ta biyu: '''Kowane mutum''' * Firimiya Lig na 2 na Watan: Afrilu 2019 * Jimmy Murphy Young Player of the Year : 2018–19 == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://www.manutd.com/en/players-and-staff/detail/mason-greenwood Bayani] a gidan yanar gizon Manchester United FC * [https://www.thefa.com/england/mens-seniors/squad/mason-greenwood Bayani] a shafin yanar gizon Hukumar Kwallon kafa [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> pc4wy1tkjqktqcsy10b39vmrri7hycj 0 23548 165981 164744 2022-08-14T20:54:23Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Keteke''''' (Akan: Jirgin kasa) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Ghana na shekarar 2017 wanda Peter Sedufia ya shirya, ya shirya kuma ya shirya. == Plot == An shirya fim ɗin a cikin shekarun 1980, lokacin da Atswei mai ciki ([[Lydia Forson]]) da mijinta Boi (Adjetey Anang) ke ƙoƙarin isa ƙauyen Atswei don ta haihu. Tushen hanyar sufuri shine jirgin ƙasa na mako -mako da suka rasa, yana tilasta su neman madadin sufuri da ƙaddamar da su cikin balaguron da ba ta dace ba ta cikin ƙauyukan Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenewblackmagazine.com/view.aspx?index=4017|title=Keteke: Shaping Ghanaian Film Excellence|website=www.thenewblackmagazine.com|access-date=2019-01-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Keteke-to-be-premiered-on-March-4-508233|title=Keteke to be premiered on March 4|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Keteke-the-movie-was-solid-517346|title='Keteke', the movie, was solid|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Pulse Ghana|title=Keteke Movie Premier With Kalybos, Lydia Forson, Adjetey Anang and Ahuofe Patri {{!}} Pulse Events|date=2017-03-07|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiXvQF7eMiM|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == ''Keteke'' ya wakilci Ghana a bikin Khouribja na Afirka na shekara -shekara da ake yi a Morocco, Disamba 2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ccm.ma/en/festival.php?id=7|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|website=www.ccm.ma|access-date=2018-12-15}}</ref> inda ta sami lambar yabo ta Musamman ta Jury.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ytainment.com/peter-sedufia-lydia-forson-the-keteke-family-take-home-the-jury-special-mention-prize-at-the-khouribja-africa-film-festival-in-moroccosee-all-the-photos/|title=Peter Sedufia, Lydia Forson & the 'KETEKE' family take home the JURY SPECIAL MENTION prize at the KHOURIBJA AFRICA FILM FESTIVAL in Morocco…see all the photos|last=Editor|first=Senior|website=Ytainment Arena|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-14}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == * ''Edwin Acquah'' * ''Fred Nii Amugi'' * ''Adjetey Anang'' * ''[[Lydia Forson]]'' * ''Jeneral Ntatia'' * ''Edmund Onyame'' * ''Joseph Otsi'' * ''Raymond Sarfo'' * ''Clemento Suarez'' == Manazarta == flvxzvkmzpn4i5saseltytyhvpxrbyy 0 23549 165980 105616 2022-08-14T20:53:37Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lydia Forson''' (an haife ta 24 ga watan Oktoba, shekarar 1984) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Ghana, marubuci, kuma furodusa. A shekara ta 2010 ta lashe lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Fina -Finan Afirka don Kyakkyawar Jaruma a Jagoranci. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Forson a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 1984<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201210/142173.php|title=Lydia Forson Launches Website And Celebrates Birthday Online|last=Peace FM Online|first=|website=www.peacefmonline.com|date=24 October 2012|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> a Mankessim, Ghana.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://irokotv.com/actors/1180/lydia-forson|title=Lydia Forson|publisher=[[irokotv]]|access-date=2 October 2020}}</ref> Ta sami karatunta na farko a Makarantar Elementary ta Wilmore a Kentucky. Lokacin da take da shekaru tara, iyalinta sun koma Ghana, inda ta ci gaba da karatunta a Makarantar International ta Akosombo. Ta kuma halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Louis, Kumasi, inda ta kammala karatun sakandare. Forson ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Ghana, inda ta samu digirin farko a fannin Harshen Turanci da Nazarin Bayanai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buzzghana.com/lydia-forson-biography-profile/|title=Lydia Forson: 10 Lesser Known Facts about Her|first=Chuka|last=Obiorah|date=2014-05-03|website=BuzzGhana|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref> == Aiki == Wasan kwaikwayon Forson ya fara ne da rawar da ta taka a ''Hotel St. James'' (2005), ''Run Baby Run'' (2006), ''Different Shades of Blue'' (2007) da kuma rawar gani a cikin shirin gaskiya ''The Next Movie Star'' in Nigeria (2007). Shirley Frimpong Manso, Shugaba na Sparrow Productions, wanda a baya ta yi aiki tare da ita a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin na Ghana ''Different Shades of Blue'', ya dawo da Forson kan fuska ta fim din ''Scorned''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson in Focus + Photos|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/07/23/lydia-forson-in-focus-photos|first=Chris-Vincent|last=Agyapong Febiri|publisher=Ghanacelebrities.com|date=23 July 2010|accessdate=4 March 2012}}</ref> Wannan rawar da ta taka ya haifar da lambar yabo ta Kyautar Fim ɗin Fim ɗin Afirka na farko (AMAA) a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Jarumar Mata.<ref name="infoguideafrica25Mar20">{{Cite web|last=Clifford|first=Igbo|date=25 March 2020|title=Lydia Forson Biography, Age, Family, Education, Movies, Net Worth|url=https://www.infoguideafrica.com/2020/03/Lydia-Forson.html|access-date=2020-03-25|website=Information Guide Africa}}</ref> A cikin 2009, Forson ta yi tauraro a cikin kyautar ''The Perfect Picture'' ta Shirley Frimpong-Manso.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Perfect Picture|url=http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|accessdate=4 March 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20100806001604/http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|archivedate=6 August 2010}}</ref> Ta yi tauraro a cikin ''A Sting in a Tale, Swap Phone, Masquerades, [[Keteke]]'', da ''Sidechic Gang''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/showbiz/news/covid-19-use-traditional-rulers-to-fight-it-lydia-forson.html#&ts=undefined|title=Use traditional rulers to fight COVID-19—Lydia Forson|publisher=Graphic Showbiz|date=15 April 2020|first=Delali|last=Sika}}</ref> == Filmography == * ''Hotel St. James'' (2005) – Matsayin Cameo * ''Run Baby Run'' (2006) – Matsayin tallafi<ref>{{cite news|last=Duah|first=Kofi|title=Lydia Forson on the Go|url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/page.php?news=17434}}</ref> * ''Different Shades of Blue'' (2007) * ''The Next Movie Star Reality Show'' (2007) – Na biyu a matsayi na biyu * ''Scorned'' (2008) – Matsayin jagora * ''The Perfect Picture'' (2009) – Matsayin tallafi<ref>{{Citation|title=The Perfect Picture|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1929410/|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> * ''A Sting in a Tale'' (2009) – Matsayin jagora<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3754607/|accessdate=4 March 2012}}</ref> * ''Masquerades'' (2011) * ''Phone Swap'' (2012)<ref>{{cite news|title=Lydia Forson Grabs Another Job in Nollywood|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=215333|date=2 August 2011|accessdate=4 March 2012|newspaper=NewsOne}}</ref> * ''Kamara's Tree'' (2013) * ''Scandal'' (2013) (Jerin Afirka ta Kudu) – Aku<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3122:lydia-forson-on-etvs-scandal&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Lydia Forson on e.tv's Scandal}}</ref> * ''A Letter From Adam'' (2014) – Marubuci/Mai samarwa<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson presents "A Letter from Adam" Watch the Trailer & Get the Scoop!|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/07/lydia-forson-presents-a-letter-from-adam-watch-the-trailer-get-the-scoop/|work=Bella Naija|date=7 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='A Letter from Adam': Watch movie review by Adenike Adebayo|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/a-letter-from-adam-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3769018.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|date=18 May 2015|accessdate=18 May 2015}}</ref> * ''Isoken'' (2017)<ref>{{Citation|title=Isoken|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6685776/|access-date=2018-11-21}}</ref> * ''[[Keteke]]'' (2017) - Matsayin jagora<ref>[[imdbtitle:7613260|"Keteke (2017)"]], IMDb.</ref> * ''Sidechic Gang'' (2018)<ref>{{Citation|title=Sidechic Gang|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7859254/|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> == Manazarta == qqm99slhsbo0sk67pjbslzqsseqtrd8 0 23643 166118 127020 2022-08-15T07:41:43Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sunday Joshua Martins''' wanda aka fi sani da '''De General''' (an haife shi ranar 15 ga watn March, 1999) a sansanin (Bori Camp), Port Harcourt dake [[Jihar Rivers]]. ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci daga [[Najeriya]]. Ya zama mai tasiri a shafukan sada zumunta bayan da ya saki wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci. == Tarihin Rayuwa da Karatu== Joshua Martins an haife shi ranar 15 ga watan March, 1999 a wani sansanin '''Bori Camp''' Port Hartcourt a jihar Rivers dake tarayyar Najeriya. ya girma a Port Harcourt, kuma ya tafi makarantar firamare a can.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> He hails from the Owan East Local Government Of Edo State.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> A cikin 2015, bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare, Joshua ya yanke shawarar zama mai wasan kwaikwayo. Tunanin ya fito ne daga abokinsa wanda ya gaya masa game da ɗakin fim din. A farasa ne a cikin cinematography a cikin jagorancin rawar.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/49348fdf2baa93d6a79c5b01a2eba9fe</ref> Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Benin (UNIBEN). == Aiki == A cikin 2018, Joshua Martins ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan barkwanci. Ya halicci duo mai suna ''Dream Comedy'' tare da abokinsa.<ref>https://surebook.com.ng/de-general-biography-net-worth-age-phone-number-girlfriend-house-cars-comedy/</ref> A cikin 2019, De General ya fito da wasan barkwancin sa ''"When your guy is a real gee"''. Ya zama bidiyon da ya fi shahara tare da ra'ayoyi 10,000 na wannan lokacin.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref><ref>https://naijabionet.com/2021/06/14/degeneral-biography-net-worth-career-education-comedy-age-and-more/</ref> Sannan ya buga faifan bidiyo na barkwanci na farko dauke da jaka kuma ya sami laƙabin “''The Bag God''”.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/798681b8898626c1f7ab8c4be726ea79</ref> == Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa == Joshua yana so ya zama lauya a makaranta, kaɗan bai san cewa wasan kwaikwayo da bada umarni shine hazaƙar sa ta gaskiya ba. Ya kware wajen rawa. Ya bayyana a matsayin mai rawa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci a cikin bidiyo daban -daban da shahararrun masu ƙirƙirar abun ciki suka yi kamar Ayo The Creator da sauransu.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref> == Dangantaka == De General bai yi aure ba, kuma ba ya cikin kowace alaƙa da jama'a suka sani. == Manazarta == 84dqg4zzid2lnbm8bsacrhog3ztcfw3 166119 166118 2022-08-15T07:44:07Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sunday Joshua Martins''' wanda aka fi sani da '''De General''' (an haife shi ranar 15 ga watn March, 1999) a sansanin (Bori Camp), dake karamar hukumar [[Port Harcourt (ƙaramar hukuma)]] ta [[Jihar Rivers]]. ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci daga [[Najeriya]]. Ya zama mai tasiri a shafukan sada zumunta bayan da ya saki wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci. == Tarihin Rayuwa da Karatu== Joshua Martins an haife shi ranar 15 ga watan March, 1999 a wani sansanin '''Bori Camp''' a karamar hukumar Port Hartcourt ta jihar Rivers dake tarayyar Najeriya. ya girma a Port Harcourt, kuma ya tafi makarantar firamare a can.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> He hails from the Owan East Local Government Of Edo State.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> A cikin 2015, bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare, Joshua ya yanke shawarar zama mai wasan kwaikwayo. Tunanin ya fito ne daga abokinsa wanda ya gaya masa game da ɗakin fim din. A farasa ne a cikin cinematography a cikin jagorancin rawar.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/49348fdf2baa93d6a79c5b01a2eba9fe</ref> Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Benin (UNIBEN). == Aiki == A cikin 2018, Joshua Martins ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan barkwanci. Ya halicci duo mai suna ''Dream Comedy'' tare da abokinsa.<ref>https://surebook.com.ng/de-general-biography-net-worth-age-phone-number-girlfriend-house-cars-comedy/</ref> A cikin 2019, De General ya fito da wasan barkwancin sa ''"When your guy is a real gee"''. Ya zama bidiyon da ya fi shahara tare da ra'ayoyi 10,000 na wannan lokacin.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref><ref>https://naijabionet.com/2021/06/14/degeneral-biography-net-worth-career-education-comedy-age-and-more/</ref> Sannan ya buga faifan bidiyo na barkwanci na farko dauke da jaka kuma ya sami laƙabin “''The Bag God''”.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/798681b8898626c1f7ab8c4be726ea79</ref> == Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa == Joshua yana so ya zama lauya a makaranta, kaɗan bai san cewa wasan kwaikwayo da bada umarni shine hazaƙar sa ta gaskiya ba. Ya kware wajen rawa. Ya bayyana a matsayin mai rawa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci a cikin bidiyo daban -daban da shahararrun masu ƙirƙirar abun ciki suka yi kamar Ayo The Creator da sauransu.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref> == Dangantaka == De General bai yi aure ba, kuma ba ya cikin kowace alaƙa da jama'a suka sani. == Manazarta == mriejgh253yl6z642zh1p1b4ego1lug 166120 166119 2022-08-15T07:44:49Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sunday Joshua Martins''' wanda aka fi sani da '''De General''' (an haife shi ranar 15 ga watn March, 1999) a sansanin (Bori Camp), dake karamar hukumar [[Port Harcourt]] ta [[Jihar Rivers]]. ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci daga [[Najeriya]]. Ya zama mai tasiri a shafukan sada zumunta bayan da ya saki wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci. == Tarihin Rayuwa da Karatu== Joshua Martins an haife shi ranar 15 ga watan March, 1999 a wani sansanin '''Bori Camp''' a karamar hukumar Port Hartcourt ta jihar Rivers dake tarayyar Najeriya. ya girma a Port Harcourt, kuma ya tafi makarantar firamare a can.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> He hails from the Owan East Local Government Of Edo State.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/04546b4149bd8ac973b19fdc0a887722</ref> A cikin 2015, bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare, Joshua ya yanke shawarar zama mai wasan kwaikwayo. Tunanin ya fito ne daga abokinsa wanda ya gaya masa game da ɗakin fim din. A farasa ne a cikin cinematography a cikin jagorancin rawar.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/49348fdf2baa93d6a79c5b01a2eba9fe</ref> Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Benin (UNIBEN). == Aiki == A cikin 2018, Joshua Martins ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan barkwanci. Ya halicci duo mai suna ''Dream Comedy'' tare da abokinsa.<ref>https://surebook.com.ng/de-general-biography-net-worth-age-phone-number-girlfriend-house-cars-comedy/</ref> A cikin 2019, De General ya fito da wasan barkwancin sa ''"When your guy is a real gee"''. Ya zama bidiyon da ya fi shahara tare da ra'ayoyi 10,000 na wannan lokacin.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref><ref>https://naijabionet.com/2021/06/14/degeneral-biography-net-worth-career-education-comedy-age-and-more/</ref> Sannan ya buga faifan bidiyo na barkwanci na farko dauke da jaka kuma ya sami laƙabin “''The Bag God''”.<ref>https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/798681b8898626c1f7ab8c4be726ea79</ref> == Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa == Joshua yana so ya zama lauya a makaranta, kaɗan bai san cewa wasan kwaikwayo da bada umarni shine hazaƙar sa ta gaskiya ba. Ya kware wajen rawa. Ya bayyana a matsayin mai rawa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci a cikin bidiyo daban -daban da shahararrun masu ƙirƙirar abun ciki suka yi kamar Ayo The Creator da sauransu.<ref>https://www.thecityceleb.com/biography/entertainer/comedian/degeneral-biography-comedy-videos-age-net-worth-photos-more/</ref> == Dangantaka == De General bai yi aure ba, kuma ba ya cikin kowace alaƙa da jama'a suka sani. == Manazarta == 1eycx2lja8u0zvqdmfjg5dj2ffdca7n 0 23870 165955 128939 2022-08-14T17:37:37Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:New_afforestation_looking_into_Rand_Wood_-_geograph.org.uk_-_329908.jpg|thumb| Wani aikin dazuzzuka a Rand Wood, Lincolnshire, Ingila]] '''Dasa bishiyoyi''' shine kafa gandun daji ko tsayayyun bishiyoyi ( daji ) a yankin da babu wani itace da ya gabata. Yawancin kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu kai tsaye suna shiga shiryen daji don ƙirƙirar gandun daji da ƙara kamawar carbon . kaunar dazuzzuka wata hanya ce da ake nema don yaƙi da damuwar yanayi, kamar yadda aka sani don haɓaka ƙimar ƙasa da matakan carbon a cikin ƙasa, guje wa kwararowar hamada. Adadin asarar gandun daji ya ragu sosai a tsakanin shekarun 1990-2020 saboda sare bishiyoyi a daji a wasu ƙasashe, da ƙari a yankin gandun daji,a wasu ta hanyar noman dazuzzuka da kuma faɗaɗa dazuzzuka na halitta. A shekarar alib na 2019, binciken da duniya mayar da itacen da aka sare ya nuna cewa akwai sarari ga akalla miliyan 9km <sup>2</sup> na sabon gandun daji a duniya, wanda yake shine kashi 25% da ke karuwa daga yanayin yanzu. Wannan yankin dazuzzuka zai iya adana har zuwa gigatons 205 na sinadarin carbon ko kaso 25% na tafkin carbon na yanayi ta rage CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO a cikin yanayi da kuma gabatar da ƙarin O <sub>2</sub>. == Tsarin aiki == Tsarin dasa bishiyoyi yana farawa ne tare da zaɓin gurin aikin ne. Yawancin abubuwan muhalli na gurin da aka zaba dole ne a bincikar su, gami da yanayi, [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]], ciyayi, da ayyukan ɗan adam. Wadannan abubuwan ne zasu tabbatar da ingancin gurin, wadanne irin bishiyoyi ne yakamata a dasa, da kuma wani hanyoyi za a bi don shuke shuke. <ref name=":05" /> Bayan an kimanta gurin dajin, dole ne a shirya yankin don shuka. Shiri na iya ƙunsar nau'ikan hanyoyin inji ko na sinadarai, kamar sara, mounding, shimfida, magungunan kashe ciyawa, da kone-kone da aka tsara. Da zarar an shirya gurin aikin, ana iya dasa shukokin., wanda ya haɗa da shuka iri kai tsaye zuwa cikin dajin. Wani kuma shine dasa shukar, wanda yayi kama da shuka kai tsaye sai dai cewa seedlings (iri) sun riga sunada tsarin tushe. Bushewar bishiyoyi ta yankan wani zaɓi ne ga nau'in bishiyoyi waɗanda zasu iya haifa ba tare da wata matsala ba, inda za'a iya dasa wani ɗan itace, reshe, tushe, ko ganye a saman dajin kuma yayi tsiro cikin nasara. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman, kamar sandar dasa bishiya, don sa dashen bishiyoyi cikin sauƙi da sauri. == Babban fa'ida ga dasa bishiyoyi: gandun daji na jawo ruwan sama == Gandun dazuzzuka yana alfahari da fa'idodi masu alaƙa da yanayi. Sabbin bincike da yawa sun nuna cewa gandun daji na jan ruwa sosai , wanda zai iya bayyana dalilin da yasa fari watau rashin abinci da ke yawan faruwa a wasu sassan duniya kamar yammacin Afirka, inda bishiyoyi basu da yawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}} Wani sabon binciken da Carol Rasmussen,{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Laboratory Nata na Jet Propulsion Laboratory ta ba da shaidar farko ta lura cewa gandun dajin kudancin Amazon yana haifar da nasa lokacin damina ta amfani da tururin ruwa daga ganyen shuke-shuke, wanda daga nan ya samar da gajimare a samansa. Wadannan binciken sun taimaka wajan bayyana dalilin da yasa [[Gandun daji|ake alakanta sare dazuzzuka]] a wannan yankin da rage ruwan sama. Nazarin Douglas Sheil da Daniel Murdiyarso{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} yana nuna cewa murfin gandun daji yana taka rawa sosai wajen tantance ruwan sama da yadda aka sani a baya. Tana bayanin yadda yankuna dazuzzuka ke samar da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a cikin tururin ruwa mai iska kuma hakan yana kara fa'idar amfanin dazuzzuka a yankuna na duniya. == Kasashe da yankuna == === Ostiraliya === A [[Adelaide]], Kudancin Ostiraliya (birni ne da ya kai miliyan 1.3 har zuwa Yunin 2016), Firayim Minista Mike Rann (2002 zuwa 2011) ya ƙaddamar da shirin gandun daji na birane a 2003 don dasa bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi miliyan 3 na shekara na 2014 a kan wuraren aikin 300 a ƙetaren metro. . Dubunnan 'yan asalin Adelaide sun halarci ranakun dasa al'umma a wuraren da suka hada da wuraren shakatawa, wuraren ajiye kaya, kofofin safara, makarantu, kwasa-kwasan ruwa da bakin teku. Itatuwa ce kawai aka dasa don tabbatar da ingancin kwayar halitta. Ya ce aikin an yi shi ne domin kawata garin da sanyaya shi da kuma sanya shi zama abin more rayuwa, inganta iska da ruwa, da rage hayakin Adelaide da ke fitar da hayaki mai dauke da tan 600,000 na CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO a shekara. === Kanada === A shekarar alib na 2003, gwamnatin kasar [[Kanada|Kanada ta]] kirkiro da wani shiri na tsawon shekaru hudu da ake kira Initiative Development and Assessment Initiative a turance, wanda ya hada da dasa shukoki 6000 na gandun daji masu saurin girma a kasashen da basu da gandun daji a duk fadin kasar. Anyi amfani da wadannan gonakin ne don yin nazarin yadda noman dazuzzuka zai iya taimakawa wajen kara yaduwar carbon da kuma rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli (GHG) yayin da kuma yayi la’akari da kwarin gwiwar tattalin arziki da saka jari. Sakamakon wannan shirin ya nuna cewa duk da cewa babu wadataccen fili a cikin Kanada don daidaita abubuwan da GHG ke fitarwa na ƙasar gaba ɗaya, noman dazuzzuka na iya zama dabarun rage amfani da GHG don cimma burin fitar da GHG, musamman har sai dindin, fasahar ci gaba ta ajiyar carbon ta kasance. A ranar 14 ga Disamba, 2020, Ministan Albarkatun Kasa na Kanada Seamus O'Regan ya ba da sanarwar zuba jarin gwamnatin tarayya na dala biliyan 3.16 don dasa bishiyoyi biliyan biyu nan da shekaru 10 masu zuwa. Wannan shirin yana nufin rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da kimanin megatonnes 12 nan da shekarar 2050. === China === [[File:Jiayu_County_-_Panjiawan_-_on_the_Yangtze_embankment_-_P1540267.JPG|thumb| Tube na gandun daji ana shuka tare daruruwan kilomita na Yangtze levees a Hubei lardin ]] Wata doka da aka fitar a 1981 ta buƙaci kowane ɗalibin makaranta da ya haura shekaru 11 da shuka akalla itace ɗaya a shekara. A sakamakon haka, kasar Sin tana da mafi girman yawan gandun daji na kowace kasa ko yanki a duniya, tare da fadin murabba'in kilomita 47,000 a shekarar alib na 2008. Duk da haka, yankin gandun daji a kowace ƙasa ya yi ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙasashen duniya. A cewar Carbon Brief, kasar Sin ta dasa mafi yawan sabbin gandun daji daga kowace kasa tsakanin 1990 zuwa 2015, wanda shirin Grain for Green na kasar ya fara a 1999, ta hanyar saka hannun jari sama da dala biliyan 100 a shirye -shiryen dazuka da dasa bishiyoyi sama da biliyan 35. a fadin larduna 12. Ya zuwa shekarar 2015, yawan gandun dajin da aka shuka a kasar Sin ya kai hekta miliyan 79. Daga 2011–2016, birnin Dongying a lardin Shandong ya gandun daji sama da hectare 13,800 na ƙasa mai gishiri ta hanyar Shandong Ecological Afforestation Project, wanda aka ƙaddamar tare da tallafi daga [[Bankin Duniya]] . A shekara ta 2017, Kungiyar Saihanba Afforestation Community ta lashe Gwarzon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Gwarzon Duniya a cikin Inspiration and Action category don "canza kasa mai lalacewa zuwa aljanna mai dadi". === Turai === [[File:Afforestation_on_former_colliery_land_near_Cwm-hwnt_-_geograph.org.uk_-_913687.jpg|thumb| Foreaddamar da bishiyoyi a kan tsohuwar gonar kwalliya kusa da Cwm-Hwnt, Wales]] Turai ta lalata da yawa daga gandun daji na tarihi. Kungiyar [[Tarayyar Turai]] (EU) ta biya manoma kudaden da suka samu gandun daji tun daga shekarar 1990, inda suka ba da tallafi don mayar da gonar ta zama daji da kuma biyan kudaden gudanar da gandun daji. Wani shirin EU, wanda ke gudana tsakanin 2000 da 2006, ya killace fiye da kilomita murabba'in 1,000 (ƙididdigar lissafi da ba a riga ta samo ba). Wani irin wannan shirin ya fara a 2007. Dazukan Turai suna girma da murabba'in kilomita 8,000 a shekara saboda waɗannan shirye-shiryen. Dangane da ƙididdigar Organizationungiyar Agricultureungiyar Abinci da Noma [[Ispaniya|, Spain ta]] kasance ta uku cikin saurin ɓarkewar daji a Turai a cikin lokacin 1990-2005, bayan Iceland da Ireland. A cikin wadancan shekarun, gaba daya an fadada kilomita murabba'i 44,360, kuma gaba daya fadin daji ya tashi daga hekta miliyan 13.5 zuwa 17.9. A cikin 1990, gandun daji ya rufe 26.6% na yankin Sifen. Ya zuwa 2007, wannan adadi ya haura zuwa 36.6% . Spain a yau tana da yanki na biyar mafi girma a cikin Tarayyar Turai. A watan Janairun 2013, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta sanya wani buri na 12% na katako a Ingila ta 2060, daga kashi 10% na wancan lokacin. A cikin Wales Majalisar kasa ta Wales ta sanya kashi 19% woodland cover, daga kaso 15% . Manufofin da gwamnati ke tallafawa kamar su Kundin Kayan Carbon Woodland ana da niyyar tallafawa wannan burin ta hanyar ƙarfafa hukumomi da masu mallakar ƙasa don ƙirƙirar sabon dazuzzuka don daidaita haɓakar hayaƙin. Kungiyoyin agaji kamar Trees for Life (Scotland) suma suna ba da gudummawa ga dasa itacen daji da kuma ƙoƙarin sake dasa bishiyoyi a cikin Burtaniya. === Indiya === [[File:Marebilli_forest.jpg|thumb| Kashe bishiyoyi a Kudancin Indiya]] Kaso 23% na Indiya an rufe shi da gandun daji{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}} . A 2018, jimlar daji da bishiyar Indiya sun karu zuwa 24.39% ko 8,020. 88&nbsp;km <sup>2</sup> . An haɗu da gandun daji na Indiya zuwa manyan rukuni 5 da nau'ikan 16 bisa laákari da ƙa'idodin rayuwa . An rarraba 38% na gandun daji a zaman busasshiyar ƙasa kuma 30% a matsayin masu bushewar zafi na wurare masu zafi da sauran ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Nau'in gida ne kawai aka dasa a wani yanki. An fifita bishiyoyi masu ɗauke da Mayan marmari itace duk inda zai yiwu saboda aikin su azaman tushen abinci. A shekarar 2019, Indiyawa sun dasa bishiyoyi Miliyan 220 a rana guda a jihar [[Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh ta Indiya]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}} A ranar Alhamis, 29 Agusta 2019, firayin ministan kasar India Mr. Narendra Modi saki ₹ 47, 436 crores (a kan biliyan 6.6 USD ) zuwa daban-daban jihohin wajibi ne ayyukan dasa bishiyoyi. Ana iya amfani da kudaden don maganin wuraren kamun kifi, taimakawa tsari na halitta, kula da gandun daji, kare namun daji da kuma kula da su, sauya kauyuka daga yankunan da aka kiyaye, gudanar da rikice-rikicen mutane da namun daji, horo da samar da wayar da kai, samar da na’urorin adana itace da ayyukan hadin gwiwa. Karuwaritace zai taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar ƙarin bututun carbon don saduwa da manufofin ƙasar (INDC) na tan biliyan 2.5 zuwa 3 na carbon dioxide kwatankwacin ƙarin gandun daji da kariyar bishiyoyi a shekara ta 2030 - ɓangare na ƙoƙarin Indiya na yaƙi da yanayin canza Gwamnatin [[Maharashtra]] ta shuka kusan iri dubu 20,000 a duk fadin jihar, kuma za ta yi alkawarin dasa wasu 30,000,000 a shekara mai zuwa. A cewar The Telegraph, gwamnatin Indiya ta danganta dala biliyan 6.2 don dashen bishiyoyi domin kara “gandun daji daidai da yarjejeniyoyin da aka yi a taron kolin canjin yanayi na Paris a 2015.” Gwamnatin Indiya ta kuma zartar da dokar CAMPA ( Hukumar Kula da Asusun Tallafawa da Ba da Tallafi), wanda zai ba da damar rupees dubu 40 (kusan Dala Biliyan 6) za su je jihohin Indiya don dashen itatuwa . === Iran === [[File:The_fourth_year_of_a_genetically_modified_forest_in_Iran_by_Aras_GED_part_of_commercial_afforestation_in_Iran.jpg|thumb| Shekaru na huɗu na gandun dajin da aka canzawa dabi'a a cikin Iran, wanda kamfanin Aras GED ya dasa ta ta hanyar dasa itacen kasuwanci]] Iran ana ɗaukarta a matsayin yanki mai ƙarancin gandun daji na duniya tare da kariya yanzu yana kimanin kusan kashi bakwai na yankin ƙasar. Wannan ƙimar da aka rage zuwa kimanin kadada miliyan shida na gandun dajin budurwa, wanda ya haɗa da itacen oak, almond da pistachio . Saboda haka, yana da wuya a sami noman dazuzzuka a wani babban sikeli idan aka kwatanta da sauran yankuna masu yanayin yanayi waɗanda aka basu yanayin ƙasa mai dausayi da ƙarancin dutse da kuma busasshiyar ƙasa. Dangane da takamaiman kididdigar dazuzzuka, Yankin Gudun Hijira da Hukumar Gudanar da Ruwa na Iran, a kowace shekara, ta yin amfani da hanyoyin da suka dace da nau'ikan itatuwa na asali a kowane yanki, an yi dazuzzuka da yawa, wanda ya haifar da kwanciyar hankali na halitta. === Isra'ila === [[File:Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg|thumb| Bishiyoyin JNF a cikin Jejin Negev . Dunes da aka yi da mutum (a nan liman ) suna taimakawa kiyayewa a cikin [[ruwan sama]], yana haifar da dausayi .]] Tare da bishiyoyin da aka shuka sama da miliyan 240, [[Isra'ila]] na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe biyu kacal da suka shiga karni na 21 tare da samun riba mai yawa a cikin adadin bishiyoyin, saboda manyan ayyukan da ake yi na sare itatuwa. Yawancin dazuzzukan Isra’ila sun samo asali ne daga babban yaƙin da ake yi da Asusun Ƙasar Yahudawa (JNF). <sup>[ ''abin da ake buƙata'' ]</sup> === Arewacin Afirka === Yawancin kasashen Afirka da ke kan iyaka da hamadar Sahara suna aiki tare da aikin Babbar Ganye . Aikin dala biliyan 8 na niyyar dawo da hekta miliyan 100 na kaskantaccen kasa nan da shekarar 2030. Hakanan a Arewacin Afirka, an gabatar da Aikin Gandun Sahara tare da Ruwan Teku na Ruwa . An kuma ƙaddamar da wasu ayyukan a ƙasashe kamar [[Senegal]] don sake mayar da hamada. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, shugabannin Afirka suna tattaunawa game da haɗa albarkatun ƙasa don haɓaka tasiri. Bugu da kari, sauran ayyukan kamar aikin Keita a Neja an fara su a baya, kuma sun sami damar dawo da barnar da kwararowar hamada ta yi a cikin gida. === Amurka === Kasar Amurka tana da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku wanda aka rufe a cikin gandun daji da daji. <sup>[ ''ana bukatar'' ]</sup> Duk da haka, yankuna a Amurka sun kasance suna da muhimmancin dasa bishiyoyi. A cikin 1800s mutane suna matsawa yamma sun haɗu da Manyan filayen - ƙasa mai ƙasa mai kyau, yawan mutane da buƙatar katako amma tare da dashen bishiyoyi don samar da shi. Don haka an karfafa dasa bishiyoyi tare da gidaje. An kafa ranar Arbor a cikin 1872 ta Julius Sterling Morton a Nebraska City, Nebraska. Ta hanyar 1930s bala'in muhalli na Dust Bowl ya nuna dalili don muhimmin sabon kariyar itace. Shirye-shiryen ayyukan jama'a a karkashin Sabuwar Yarjejeniyar sun ga dasa mil 18,000 na iska mai fadada daga North Dakota zuwa Texas don yaƙi da zaizayar ƙasa (duba Great Plains Shelterbelt ). == Fa'idodi == Dasa bishiyoyi na taimaka wajan rage [[Canjin yanayi|dumamar yanayi]] ta hanyar rage CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO a cikin yanayi da gabatar da ƙarin O <nowiki><sub id="mwxA">2</sub></nowiki> . Bishiyoyi sune rarar carbon da ke cire CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO daga yanayin ta hanyar hotynthesis kuma jujjuya shi zuwa biomass . Gandun dazuzzuka yana ba da wasu fa'idodin muhalli, gami da haɓaka ƙimar ƙasa da matakan ƙirar carbon a cikin ƙasa, guje wa zaizayar ƙasa da hamada . Dasa bishiyoyi a cikin birane kuma na iya rage gurɓatar iska ta hanyar shan bishiyoyi da kuma tace abubuwa masu gurɓatawa, gami da carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, da ozone, ban da CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO . == Suka == === Dashen ciyawar daji === Ana sukar kamfen din dasa bishiyoyi saboda wani lokaci ana niyya ga yankunan da dazuka ba zai faru ba, kamar su ciyawar ciyawa da tsiron savanna === Tasiri kan halittu masu yawa === Dashen bishiyoyi na iya shafar yawancin halittu ta hanyar ƙara yawan rarrabuwa da kuma tasirin tasiri ga mazaunin da ya rage a wajen yankin da aka shuka. Sabon gandun daji plantations iya gabatar da generalist da yara da zai in ba haka ba ba za a samu a bude mazauninsu cikin rufe yanki, wanda zai iya gurbatarwa kara predation rates a kan 'yan qasar jinsunan yankin. === Surface albedo === Hakanan an gabatar da tambayoyi a cikin masana kimiyya game da yadda gandun daji na duniya zai iya shafar albedo na Duniya. Murfin rufin bishiyar bishiyoyi na iya sa albedo ya zama duhu, wanda ke sa ƙarin zafin wuta ya kamu, da yiwuwar ƙara zafin duniyar. == Duba kuma == == Majiya == {{Free-content attribution|title=Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings|author=FAO|publisher=FAO|page numbers=|source=|documentURL=http://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf|license statement URL=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Global_Forest_Resources_Assessment_2020_%E2%80%93_Key_findings.pdf|license=CC BY-SA 3.0}} == Bayani == === Bayanan kula ===   === Bibliography === * Buendia C, Batalla RJ, Sabater S, Palau A, Marce R. (2016). Yanayin Gudun Gudun Jirgin Sama da Yanayi da Safiyar Itatuwa a cikin Kogin Pyrenean. Rushewar ƙasa & Ci gaba. {{Doi|10.1002/ldr.2384}} * Buendia C, Bussi G, Tuset J, Vericat D, Sabater S, Palau A, Batalla RJ. (2016). Illolin dazuzzuka dazuzzuka a kan kwararar ruwa da ɗakunan kaya a cikin rafin Bahar Rum. Kimiyya na Yanayin Yanayi. {{Doi|10.1016/jscitotenv.2015.07.005}} * Cattaneo, Andrea (2002) ''Daidaita Bunkasar Noma da Kawar dazuzzuka a cikin Amazon na Brazil'', Tsarin Abincin Abinci na Int Inst Res IFPRI, shafuka 146  * Heil, Gerrit W., Bart Muys da Karin Hansen (2007) ''Tasirin Muhalli na foreaukar Ido a Arewacin Yammacin Turai'', Springer, shafuka 320  * Halldorsson G., Oddsdottir, ES da Sigurdsson BD (2008) ''AFFORNORD Sakamakon Afforestation akan Tsarin'' Yanayi, Yanayin Kasa da Raya Karkara, TemaNord 2008: 562, shafuka 120  * Halldorsson G., Oddsdottir, ES da Eggertsson O (2007) Tasirin Tsage Tsuntsauran Tsari a Kan Tsarin Yanayi, Yanayin ''Kasa da Ci gaban Karkara.'' ''Ayyukan taron AFFORNORD, Reykholt, Iceland, Yuni 18-22, 2005'', TemaNord 2007: 508, 343pages  * McBeath, Gerald A., da Tse-Kang Leng (2006) ''Gudanar da kiyaye halittu daban-daban a China da Taiwan'', Edward Elgar Publishing, shafuka 242.  * Stanturf, John A. da Palle Madsen (2004) ''Maido da Boreal da Temperate Forests'', CRC Press, shafuka 569  * Wilson, EO (2002) ''Rayuwar Rayuwa'', Vintage  == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.csf-desertification.eu/dossier/item/combating-desertification-through-direct-seeding-mulch-based-cropping-systems-dmc Raunet Michel da Naudin Krishna, 2006.] [http://www.csf-desertification.eu/dossier/item/combating-desertification-through-direct-seeding-mulch-based-cropping-systems-dmc Yaki da kwararowar hamada ta hanyar tsarin shuka shukar kai tsaye (DMC).] [http://www.csf-desertification.eu/dossier/item/combating-desertification-through-direct-seeding-mulch-based-cropping-systems-dmc Les dossiers wanda aka fi sani da CSFD.] [http://www.csf-desertification.eu/dossier/item/combating-desertification-through-direct-seeding-mulch-based-cropping-systems-dmc Fitowa ta 4. 40 pp.] * [https://cendyliu.medium.com/top-10-golden-rules-of-reforestation-2021-a78df97bd0f2 Manyan Dokokin Zinare guda 10 na Sashen Dazuzzuka] ==Manazarta== [[Category:Gandun-daji]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bokelrv7bm9b50i1vbaekbuu1zke9s4 0 24850 165938 164148 2022-08-14T16:22:01Z Jidda3711 14843 Inganta shafi wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Andrew Davies|goals10=0|caps12=26|clubs12=→ [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] (loan)|years12=2011–2012|goals11=0|caps11=1|clubs11=→ [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] (loan)|years11=2011|caps10=6|years13=2012–2015|clubs10=→ [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] (loan)|years10=2011|goals9=0|caps9=3|clubs9=→ [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]] (loan)|years9=2010|goals8=0|goals12=2|clubs13=[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]|clubs8=→ [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] (loan)|years16=2019|nationalgoals1=0|nationalcaps1=1|nationalteam1=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears1=2007|goals16=0|caps16=0|clubs16=[[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]|goals15=2|caps13=84|caps15=12|clubs15=[[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]]|years15=2018–2019|goals14=5|caps14=87|clubs14=[[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]]|years14=2015–2018|goals13=5|caps8=8|years8=2009|image=Andrew Davies Bradford.jpg|youthyears1=1998–2002|clubs2=→ [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] (loan)|years2=2005|goals1=0|caps1=53|clubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|years1=2002–2008|youthclubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|clubnumber=|goals2=0|currentclub=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|height=6 ft 3 in|birth_place=[[Stockton-on-Tees]], England|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|12|17|df=y}}|fullname=Andrew John Davies|caption=Davies playing for [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] in 2015|image_size=|caps2=9|years3=2005–2006|goals7=0|goals5=0|caps7=5|clubs7=→ [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] (loan)|years7=2009|goals6=0|caps6=2|clubs6=[[Stoke City F.C.|Stoke City]]|years6=2008–2012|caps5=11|clubs3=→ [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] (loan)|clubs5=[[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]]|years5=2008|goals4=0|caps4=12|clubs4=→ [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] (loan)|years4=2007–2008|goals3=3|caps3=23|club-update=17:14, 15 June 2019 (UTC)}}'''Andrew John Davies''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1984) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ingilishi wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|tsakiya]], kuma a halin yanzu wakili ne na kyauta. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== Davies ya fara rattaba hannu tare da Middlesbrough tun yana dan shekara 13, Davies ya taka leda a kungiyoyi 11 a matakai daban-daban. An ba da shi aro ga Queens Park Rangers, Derby County da Southampton, inda ya sanya hannu tare da na karshen bayan barin Middlesbrough. Daga baya Davies ya buga wa Stoke City, Preston North End, Sheffield United, Walsall, Middlesbrough a karo na biyu, Crystal Palace da Bradford City . A cikin 2015, ya koma Scotland, ya rattaba hannu tare da Ross County. Davies ya taimaki County ta lashe Kofin League na Scottish na 2015 - 16, amma ya bar kulob din bayan an sake su a shekara 2018. Davies ya wakilci Ingila a cikin kungiyoyin matasa na kasa da kasa, kuma kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 ta taka mata leda sau daya. == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haifi Davies a Stockton-on-Tees kuma ya halarci Makarantar Northfield a Billingham, kusa da Middlesbrough . Ya shiga Middlesbrough tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku, yana haɓaka matsayin kulob a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Davies ya zama ƙwararre a cikin Oktoba 2002 bayan ya burge a cikin 'yan ƙasa da 19s kuma a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Ya fara buga wasa na farko a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2002, a wasan cin Kofin League da Ipswich Town . Wasansa na farko na Premier ya zo watanni uku bayan haka, a cikin rashin nasara 5-2 a gidan Aston Villa . Ya sake fitowa sau tara a kakar 2003-04 kafin ya samu rauni a kafarsa a wasan da aka ajiye a watan Maris na 2004. Duk da wannan, an kira Davies 2003-04 Middlesbrough 'Yan wasan Matasa na Shekara. Ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo daga raunin da ta yi da Coventry City a gasar League Cup a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2004. Ya buga wasanni biyu a farkon rabin kakar 2004 - 05 kafin ya koma Queens Park Rangers a farkon aro na wata daya a watan Janairu don samun wasu kwarewar kungiyar ta farko, a karshe ya kasance a can na tsawon watanni uku. Davies da farko ya ki komawa kulob din na dindindin. Bayan rikicin rauni, Middlesbrough ya tuno da shi a watan Afrilu 2005. A watan Yuli shekara 2005, an sake ba da rancen Davies, zuwa Derby County har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005 - 06 tare da yarjejeniyar gami da sashin da ya ba da damar sake tunawa da shi daga ƙungiyar iyayen sa a watan Janairu. Wannan ya kasance na farko na tsawon watanni shida, kodayake daga baya an kara shi zuwa cikakken lamunin aro. Davies ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Derby County a wasan farko na kakar, yana buga cikakken mintuna 90, a wasan 1-1 da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion . Burinsa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 18 ga Satumba 2005, a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Southampton. Bayan watanni uku a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba shekara 2005, Davies ya zira kwallaye biyu, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 2-0. A watan Janairun 2006, rikicin rauni a Middlesbrough ya sa su tuna Davies, wanda ya burge a duk lokacin da yake Derby, duk da an kore shi sau uku. Da dawowarsa filin wasan Riverside, Davies ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tafiyar Middlesbrough zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin FA da na karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA . Tare da Gareth Southgate ya sadaukar da kansa ga matasa a cikin 2006 - 07, Davies ya sami hanyar shiga ƙungiyar farko kuma ya buga wasanni 23 gaba ɗaya. === Southampton === Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Southampton a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 2007, a kan rancen watanni uku na farko tare da niyyar canja wuri na dindindin a watan Janairu. Ya ɗauki har zuwa 3 ga Nuwamba 2007 don Davies ya fara wasansa na farko na Southampton, yana zuwa a madadin Grégory Vignal a cikin minti na 72, a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 da Charlton Athletic . A ranar 10 ga watanJanairun shekara ta 2008, sanya hannu ya kasance na dindindin, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, yi imanin £ 1 miliyan. Ya rasa wasannin da suka gabata na kakar 2007 - 08 sakamakon raunin da ya samu na kunci a cikin watan Maris 2008. Duk da wasa na rabin kakar wasa kawai, an zabe shi Saints Player of the Season. Gaban kakar 2008 - 09, Davies ya ce yana gab da dawowa cikakken horo na ƙungiyar farko kuma yana sa ran dawowa cikin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. === Stoke City === A watan Agusta shekara ta 2008, Davies ya koma Stoke City kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. An ba da rahoton canja wurin kuɗin da aka biya Southampton a matsayin fam miliyan 1.3. Farawar Davies a Stoke bai tafi yadda aka tsara ba bayan da ya samu rauni a gwiwa a horo, wanda hakan ya sa ya bukaci tiyata. A ƙarshen Nuwamba, yana gab da dawo da ƙungiyar farko kuma yayi wasa a gefen ajiyar. Bai buga wa tawagar farko ba har zuwa farkon watan Disamba 2008, lokacin da ya yi wasanni da yawa a kan benci tare da wasansa na farko a waje da Newcastle United . Davies ya fara wasansa na farko da Stoke da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], inda ya maye gurbin Rory Delap a minti na 72 a ranar damben 2008, yana wasa a dama ta baya bayan da aka bai wa Andy Wilkinson katin gargadi na biyu. Ya sake yin wani canji a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba shekara 2008, a kan West Ham . Davies ya fara wasan farko da Hartlepool United a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA wanda ya kare da ci 2-0 mai ban mamaki ga kungiyar League One . A lokacin wasan, ya samu rauni a cikin minti na 71 lokacin da ya fada cikin ramin Hartlepool. Daga nan Davies bai sake taka rawar gani ba a yakin Stoke na 2008 - 09. === Lamuni yana motsawa === A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2009, Davies ya rattaba hannu kan Preston North End akan rancen gaggawa na wata ɗaya. Ya fara halarta na farko washegari, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 1-0. Bayan bayyanar Preston sau biyar, Davies ya koma kulob din mahaifan sa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2015}} Da ya kasa yin benci ga Stoke a farkon kakar 2009-10, Davies ya koma Sheffield United a matsayin aro na wata uku a watan Satumba na shekara 2009. A wannan ranar, ya fara wasansa na farko, a wasan tsere na Steel City, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Sheffield Laraba 3-2. Da rancensa na karewa a watan Disamba, Davies ya koma Stoke bayan ya buga wasanni takwas don "The Blades". Bayan an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasa 25 na Stoke don kakar 2010-11, Davies ya shiga Walsall don rancen wata na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba shekara 2010. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Walsall kwanaki uku bayan rattaba hannu a kulob din, a wasan da suka doke Exeter City da ci 2-1. Koyaya, Davies ya sami rauni a cinya yayin wasan da suka yi da Tranmere Rovers kuma ya yi zaman aro tare da Walsall, wanda da farko zai ƙare ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, ya sake komawa Middlesbrough a matsayin aro don sauran kakar 2010-11 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan da suka ci 3-2 a Millwall a ranar. Bayan buga wasanni shida a kungiyar, an bashi damar komawa Stoke bayan yayi fama da rauni. A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2011, Davies ya koma Crystal Palace kan yarjejeniyar aro na wata daya. Ya fara buga wa Crystal Palace wasa na farko a wasan farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 da Peterborough United kuma ya sake fitowa a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin League, inda ya kafa daya daga cikin burin Wilfried Zaha. a ci 2-0 a kan Crawley Town . Waɗannan su ne kawai bayyanar sa ga Eagles kuma ya koma Stoke City a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Bradford City akan rancen watanni uku a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 2011. A watan Oktoba 2011, an kore shi a wasanni a jere, a kan Torquay United da Swindon Town . Bayan da aka dakatar da wasanni uku na jan kati na farko, ya sami dakatarwar wasanni hudu saboda jan katin da aka yi da Swindon, saboda kasancewarsa ta biyu a kakar. A watan Disamba na shekara 2011, Davies ya amince da tsawaita lamuninsa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16358213 "Bradford City extend Andrew Davies loan"] BBC. 29 December 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kungiyar tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara 2012, a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 a gidan Burton Albion . <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16559415.stm "Bradford 1–1 Burton"] BBC Sport. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref> Ya bayyana ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a kulob din da Bristol Rovers ; duk da haka, a ƙarshe an ba da burin ga abokin wasan David Syers . Burinsa na biyu na 2012 ya zo ne a cikin minti na 5 na lokacin rauni da Port Vale a wasan 1-1 ranar 14 ga Fabrairu. An kori Davies a karo na uku a kakar 2011-12 bayan rigimar bayan wasan da Crawley Town kuma ya sami haramcin wasa biyar. === Birnin Bradford === [[File:Andrew_Davies_1.png|alt=Blond Andrew Davies, leaning on a railing in a crowd|thumb| Davies a faretin nasara bayan nasarar Bradford City a wasan Kwallon Kafa na Kwallon Kafa Biyu na 2013]] A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2012, Bradford City ta ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya amince da kwangilar dindindin kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Ya buga wasansa na farko tun lokacin da ya koma kulob din dindindin a ranar 18 ga Agusta, a kan Gillingham . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19221411 "Gillingham 3–1 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 18 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 25 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka ci Wimbledon 5-1, inda ya ci kai tsaye daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19304428 "Bradford 5–1 AFC Wimbledon"] BBC Sport. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a kakar wasa yayin cin 3-0 a gida da Barnet . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19527962 "Bradford 3–0 Barnet"] BBC Sport. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.</ref> Mako guda bayan haka ya ci ƙwallonsa ta uku a kakar wasa ta bana, inda ya buɗe ƙwallo a wasan da suka doke Oxford United da ci 2-0. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19615209 "Oxford Utd 0–2 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.</ref> Koyaya, Davies daga baya ya sami rauni a gwiwa, a wasan Burton Albion kuma ya yi jinyar watanni huɗu. Bayan ya murmure daga raunin, ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo, inda ya fara farawa tun watan Oktoba, a cikin nasarar 3-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2013. Kwana goma sha biyu daga baya a wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Kwallon kafa, an sanya Davies a kan benci na maye gurbin kuma ya zo bayan mintuna 46 don Curtis Good, yayin da Bradford City ta ci gaba da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 5-0 da Swansea City . Daga nan Davies ya zira kwallon sa ta hudu a kakar a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2013, a wasan da suka ci Bristol Rovers 4 - 1 . Bayan an ba shi jan kati a wasan karshe na kakar wasa da Cheltenham Town, Davies ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin wasanni biyu cikin uku na buga wasa, ciki har da wasan karshe, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90, kamar yadda Bradford City ta ci nasara. 3 - 0 a kan Northampton Town, don cin nasara zuwa League One. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2013, Davies ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da Bradford tare da zabin shekara ta uku. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rukunin farko na wasanni goma na farko kafin a ba da sanarwar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2013, cewa zai yi jinyar har zuwa watanni hudu, bayan an yi masa tiyata a gwiwa. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24491890 "Bradford City: Andrew Davies out for up to four months"] BBC Sport. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref> Daga nan Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2014, inda ya fara wasan farko, a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Preston North End. Koyaya, Davies ya sami matsalar maraƙi yayin wasan da suka yi da Stevenage a ranar 1 ga Maris 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa bayan mintuna 36, kodayake manaja Phil Parkinson ya yi imanin raunin bai yi muni ba. Duk da cewa Davies da farko ana sa ran zai dawo da Brentford a watan Maris na 2015, ba a saka shi cikin tawagar ba, tare da Parkinson ya baiyana dacewarsa a matsayin dalili. Davies a ƙarshe ya dawo ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Maris 2014, a wasan da suka ci Colchester United 2-0. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 22 ga Maris 2014, ya ci ƙwallayen sa na farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara da 2-1 a kan Shrewsbury Town . Daga baya Davies ya taimaka wa kulob din ya tsira daga League One a kakar wasan su ta farko, inda ya kare matsayi na goma sha daya. A cikin kakar shekara 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya bayyana a wasanni huɗu na farko, duk da haka, ya ji rauni a hannu yayin wasan da suka yi da Peterborough United kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa a cikin minti na 55. Daga baya an tabbatar da cewa zai yi jinyar watanni biyu bayan tiyata. Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2014, a wasan da suka doke Crewe da ci 2-0. Davies shima yana cikin 'yan wasan lokacin da Bradford ya tashi daga wasan da ci 2-0 da ci 4-2 a waje da Chelsea a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. A duk lokacin 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da fama da rauni. Duk da wannan, ya ci gaba da yin wasanni ashirin da takwas a kakar 2014-15. === Gundumar Ross === A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekra ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Ross Premiership ta Scott County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Davies ya ƙi damar zama a Bradford kafin ya shiga yankin Ross. Bayan shiga kulob din, an ba Davies kyaftin din kulob din bayan tafiyar Richard Brittain. A wasansa na farko a matsayin kyaftin, Davies ya fara wasansa na Ross County, a wasan farko na kakar, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a raunin 2-0 da Celtic . A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarab 2016, Davies ya jagoranci kyaftin din Ross County zuwa manyan kayan azurfa na farko tare da nasarar 2-1 akan Hibernian a gasar League ta Scotland . Kafin lokacin 2016 - 17, Paul Quinn ya maye gurbin Davies a matsayin kaftin na County County, bayan ya gaya wa kulob din cewa yana son komawa Ingila, tare da matarsa ta kasa zama a Scotland. Bayan tattaunawa da danginsa da kulob din, daga nan ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a sauran kwantiraginsa. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din na tsawon shekaru biyu, har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2019. Davies ya jawo takaddama a lokacin da ya karbi jan kati don buga wa kyaftin din Celtic Scott Brown a lokacin rashin nasara 3-0 a Celtic Park a watan Maris 2018. An fitar da County daga Premiership a 2018, kuma kulob din ya sake Davies a watan Yuni 2018. Davies ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 tare da kulob din Dundee na Scottish Premiership a cikin Janairu 2019. Kwana hudu bayan rattaba hannu don Dundee, ya karya metatarsal yayin wasan horo tare da St Johnstone . A watan Maris na 2019, saboda har yanzu bai buga wa kulob din ba, ya sake karya kafar kuma an cire shi daga sauran kakar. Davies ya bar kulob din da yardar juna a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2019, bai taba buga wa kulob din wasa sau daya ba. == Aikin duniya == Davies ya cancanci buga wa Wales ko Ingila wasa, saboda yana da rajista biyu. A ƙarshe, Davies ya zaɓi ya buga wa Ingila wasa. Kasancewar Ingila U19 da Ingila U20 sun kira shi a baya, Davies ya karɓi kofi ɗaya a matakin U21 na Ingila da Turkiya U21 ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2003. == Rayuwar mutum == Babban ɗan'uwansa, Mark, ɗan wasan cricketer ne tare da Kent . Davies ya bayyana cewa idan ba ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ne, da ya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi wasa yayin da ya girma, ya tsaya a shekara goma sha shida sakamakon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Middlesbrough. Davies ya ce gwarzon kuruciyarsa Franco Baresi . == Ƙididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 18 May 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Middlesbrough |2002–03 | rowspan="6" |Premier League |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2003–04 |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |10 |0 |- |2004–05 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2005–06 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |16 |0 |- |2006–07 |23 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |0 |- |2007–08 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !0 !3 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !65 !0 |- |Queens Park Rangers (loan) |2004–05<ref name="AD04" /> |Championship |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |9 |0 |- |Derby County (loan) |2005–06<ref name="AD05" /> |Championship |23 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |24 |3 |- |Southampton (loan) |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> |Championship |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |12 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Southampton |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> | rowspan="2" |Championship |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |13 |0 |- |2008–09 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !13 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Stoke City |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- |2011–12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !2 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 |- |Preston North End (loan) |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> |Championship |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2009–10<ref name="AD09" /> |Championship |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |League One |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |Middlesbrough (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- |Crystal Palace (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |Championship |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |Bradford City (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |League Two |26 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FLT">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |31 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Bradford City |2012–13 |League Two |28 |4 |0 |0 |2 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and two in the [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]</ref> |0 |33 |4 |- |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |League One |28 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |1 |- |2014–15 |28 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !5 !6 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !95 !5 |- | rowspan="4" |Ross County |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Scottish Premiership |31 |3 |3 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |38 |3 |- |2016–17 |31 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |34 |1 |- |2017–18 |25 |1 |1 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |– |31 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !5 !5 !0 !11 !0 !0 !0 !103 !5 |- |Hartlepool United |2018–19 |National League |12 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |14 |2 |- |Dundee |2018–19<ref name="AD18" /> |Scottish Premiership |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !342 !17 !22 !0 !21 !0 !9 !0 !394 !17 |} == Daraja == === Kulob === '''Gundumar Ross''' * Kofin League na Scotland : 2015–16 === Na ɗaya === * PFA Scotland Team na Shekara : 2015–16 ==Manazarta==   [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> ts2tle5ygtg5kbp85gnu8fwzlkg5xxr 165940 165938 2022-08-14T16:24:05Z Jidda3711 14843 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Andrew Davies|goals10=0|caps12=26|clubs12=→ [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] (loan)|years12=2011–2012|goals11=0|caps11=1|clubs11=→ [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] (loan)|years11=2011|caps10=6|years13=2012–2015|clubs10=→ [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] (loan)|years10=2011|goals9=0|caps9=3|clubs9=→ [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]] (loan)|years9=2010|goals8=0|goals12=2|clubs13=[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]|clubs8=→ [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] (loan)|years16=2019|nationalgoals1=0|nationalcaps1=1|nationalteam1=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears1=2007|goals16=0|caps16=0|clubs16=[[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]|goals15=2|caps13=84|caps15=12|clubs15=[[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]]|years15=2018–2019|goals14=5|caps14=87|clubs14=[[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]]|years14=2015–2018|goals13=5|caps8=8|years8=2009|image=Andrew Davies Bradford.jpg|youthyears1=1998–2002|clubs2=→ [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] (loan)|years2=2005|goals1=0|caps1=53|clubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|years1=2002–2008|youthclubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|clubnumber=|goals2=0|currentclub=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|height=6 ft 3 in|birth_place=[[Stockton-on-Tees]], England|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|12|17|df=y}}|fullname=Andrew John Davies|caption=Davies playing for [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] in 2015|image_size=|caps2=9|years3=2005–2006|goals7=0|goals5=0|caps7=5|clubs7=→ [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] (loan)|years7=2009|goals6=0|caps6=2|clubs6=[[Stoke City F.C.|Stoke City]]|years6=2008–2012|caps5=11|clubs3=→ [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] (loan)|clubs5=[[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]]|years5=2008|goals4=0|caps4=12|clubs4=→ [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] (loan)|years4=2007–2008|goals3=3|caps3=23|club-update=17:14, 15 June 2019 (UTC)}}'''Andrew John Davies''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1984) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ingilishi wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|tsakiya]], kuma a halin yanzu wakili ne na kyauta. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== Davies ya fara rattaba hannu tare da Middlesbrough tun yana dan shekara 13, Davies ya taka leda a kungiyoyi 11 a matakai daban-daban. An ba da shi aro ga Queens Park Rangers, Derby County da Southampton, inda ya sanya hannu tare da na karshen bayan barin Middlesbrough. Daga baya Davies ya buga wa Stoke City, Preston North End, Sheffield United, Walsall, Middlesbrough a karo na biyu, Crystal Palace da Bradford City . A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Scotland, ya rattaba hannu tare da Ross County. Davies ya taimaki County ta lashe Kofin League na Scottish na 2015 zuwa 2016, amma ya bar kulob din bayan an sake su a shekarar 2018. Davies ya wakilci Ingila a cikin kungiyoyin matasa na kasa da kasa, kuma kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 ta taka mata leda sau daya. == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haifi Davies a Stockton-on-Tees kuma ya halarci Makarantar Northfield a Billingham, kusa da Middlesbrough . Ya shiga Middlesbrough tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku, yana haɓaka matsayin kulob a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Davies ya zama ƙwararre a cikin Oktoba 2002 bayan ya burge a cikin 'yan ƙasa da 19s kuma a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Ya fara buga wasa na farko a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2002, a wasan cin Kofin League da Ipswich Town . Wasansa na farko na Premier ya zo watanni uku bayan haka, a cikin rashin nasara 5-2 a gidan Aston Villa . Ya sake fitowa sau tara a kakar 2003-04 kafin ya samu rauni a kafarsa a wasan da aka ajiye a watan Maris na 2004. Duk da wannan, an kira Davies 2003-04 Middlesbrough 'Yan wasan Matasa na Shekara. Ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo daga raunin da ta yi da Coventry City a gasar League Cup a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2004. Ya buga wasanni biyu a farkon rabin kakar 2004 - 05 kafin ya koma Queens Park Rangers a farkon aro na wata daya a watan Janairu don samun wasu kwarewar kungiyar ta farko, a karshe ya kasance a can na tsawon watanni uku. Davies da farko ya ki komawa kulob din na dindindin. Bayan rikicin rauni, Middlesbrough ya tuno da shi a watan Afrilu 2005. A watan Yuli shekara 2005, an sake ba da rancen Davies, zuwa Derby County har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005 - 06 tare da yarjejeniyar gami da sashin da ya ba da damar sake tunawa da shi daga ƙungiyar iyayen sa a watan Janairu. Wannan ya kasance na farko na tsawon watanni shida, kodayake daga baya an kara shi zuwa cikakken lamunin aro. Davies ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Derby County a wasan farko na kakar, yana buga cikakken mintuna 90, a wasan 1-1 da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion . Burinsa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 18 ga Satumba 2005, a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Southampton. Bayan watanni uku a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba shekara 2005, Davies ya zira kwallaye biyu, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 2-0. A watan Janairun 2006, rikicin rauni a Middlesbrough ya sa su tuna Davies, wanda ya burge a duk lokacin da yake Derby, duk da an kore shi sau uku. Da dawowarsa filin wasan Riverside, Davies ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tafiyar Middlesbrough zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin FA da na karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA . Tare da Gareth Southgate ya sadaukar da kansa ga matasa a cikin 2006 - 07, Davies ya sami hanyar shiga ƙungiyar farko kuma ya buga wasanni 23 gaba ɗaya. === Southampton === Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Southampton a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 2007, a kan rancen watanni uku na farko tare da niyyar canja wuri na dindindin a watan Janairu. Ya ɗauki har zuwa 3 ga Nuwamba 2007 don Davies ya fara wasansa na farko na Southampton, yana zuwa a madadin Grégory Vignal a cikin minti na 72, a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 da Charlton Athletic . A ranar 10 ga watanJanairun shekara ta 2008, sanya hannu ya kasance na dindindin, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, yi imanin £ 1 miliyan. Ya rasa wasannin da suka gabata na kakar 2007 - 08 sakamakon raunin da ya samu na kunci a cikin watan Maris 2008. Duk da wasa na rabin kakar wasa kawai, an zabe shi Saints Player of the Season. Gaban kakar 2008 - 09, Davies ya ce yana gab da dawowa cikakken horo na ƙungiyar farko kuma yana sa ran dawowa cikin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. === Stoke City === A watan Agusta shekara ta 2008, Davies ya koma Stoke City kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. An ba da rahoton canja wurin kuɗin da aka biya Southampton a matsayin fam miliyan 1.3. Farawar Davies a Stoke bai tafi yadda aka tsara ba bayan da ya samu rauni a gwiwa a horo, wanda hakan ya sa ya bukaci tiyata. A ƙarshen Nuwamba, yana gab da dawo da ƙungiyar farko kuma yayi wasa a gefen ajiyar. Bai buga wa tawagar farko ba har zuwa farkon watan Disamba 2008, lokacin da ya yi wasanni da yawa a kan benci tare da wasansa na farko a waje da Newcastle United . Davies ya fara wasansa na farko da Stoke da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], inda ya maye gurbin Rory Delap a minti na 72 a ranar damben 2008, yana wasa a dama ta baya bayan da aka bai wa Andy Wilkinson katin gargadi na biyu. Ya sake yin wani canji a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba shekara 2008, a kan West Ham . Davies ya fara wasan farko da Hartlepool United a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA wanda ya kare da ci 2-0 mai ban mamaki ga kungiyar League One . A lokacin wasan, ya samu rauni a cikin minti na 71 lokacin da ya fada cikin ramin Hartlepool. Daga nan Davies bai sake taka rawar gani ba a yakin Stoke na 2008 - 09. === Lamuni yana motsawa === A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2009, Davies ya rattaba hannu kan Preston North End akan rancen gaggawa na wata ɗaya. Ya fara halarta na farko washegari, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 1-0. Bayan bayyanar Preston sau biyar, Davies ya koma kulob din mahaifan sa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2015}} Da ya kasa yin benci ga Stoke a farkon kakar 2009-10, Davies ya koma Sheffield United a matsayin aro na wata uku a watan Satumba na shekara 2009. A wannan ranar, ya fara wasansa na farko, a wasan tsere na Steel City, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Sheffield Laraba 3-2. Da rancensa na karewa a watan Disamba, Davies ya koma Stoke bayan ya buga wasanni takwas don "The Blades". Bayan an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasa 25 na Stoke don kakar 2010-11, Davies ya shiga Walsall don rancen wata na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba shekara 2010. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Walsall kwanaki uku bayan rattaba hannu a kulob din, a wasan da suka doke Exeter City da ci 2-1. Koyaya, Davies ya sami rauni a cinya yayin wasan da suka yi da Tranmere Rovers kuma ya yi zaman aro tare da Walsall, wanda da farko zai ƙare ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, ya sake komawa Middlesbrough a matsayin aro don sauran kakar 2010-11 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan da suka ci 3-2 a Millwall a ranar. Bayan buga wasanni shida a kungiyar, an bashi damar komawa Stoke bayan yayi fama da rauni. A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2011, Davies ya koma Crystal Palace kan yarjejeniyar aro na wata daya. Ya fara buga wa Crystal Palace wasa na farko a wasan farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 da Peterborough United kuma ya sake fitowa a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin League, inda ya kafa daya daga cikin burin Wilfried Zaha. a ci 2-0 a kan Crawley Town . Waɗannan su ne kawai bayyanar sa ga Eagles kuma ya koma Stoke City a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Bradford City akan rancen watanni uku a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 2011. A watan Oktoba 2011, an kore shi a wasanni a jere, a kan Torquay United da Swindon Town . Bayan da aka dakatar da wasanni uku na jan kati na farko, ya sami dakatarwar wasanni hudu saboda jan katin da aka yi da Swindon, saboda kasancewarsa ta biyu a kakar. A watan Disamba na shekara 2011, Davies ya amince da tsawaita lamuninsa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16358213 "Bradford City extend Andrew Davies loan"] BBC. 29 December 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kungiyar tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara 2012, a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 a gidan Burton Albion . <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16559415.stm "Bradford 1–1 Burton"] BBC Sport. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref> Ya bayyana ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a kulob din da Bristol Rovers ; duk da haka, a ƙarshe an ba da burin ga abokin wasan David Syers . Burinsa na biyu na 2012 ya zo ne a cikin minti na 5 na lokacin rauni da Port Vale a wasan 1-1 ranar 14 ga Fabrairu. An kori Davies a karo na uku a kakar 2011-12 bayan rigimar bayan wasan da Crawley Town kuma ya sami haramcin wasa biyar. === Birnin Bradford === [[File:Andrew_Davies_1.png|alt=Blond Andrew Davies, leaning on a railing in a crowd|thumb| Davies a faretin nasara bayan nasarar Bradford City a wasan Kwallon Kafa na Kwallon Kafa Biyu na 2013]] A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2012, Bradford City ta ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya amince da kwangilar dindindin kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Ya buga wasansa na farko tun lokacin da ya koma kulob din dindindin a ranar 18 ga Agusta, a kan Gillingham . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19221411 "Gillingham 3–1 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 18 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 25 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka ci Wimbledon 5-1, inda ya ci kai tsaye daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19304428 "Bradford 5–1 AFC Wimbledon"] BBC Sport. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a kakar wasa yayin cin 3-0 a gida da Barnet . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19527962 "Bradford 3–0 Barnet"] BBC Sport. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.</ref> Mako guda bayan haka ya ci ƙwallonsa ta uku a kakar wasa ta bana, inda ya buɗe ƙwallo a wasan da suka doke Oxford United da ci 2-0. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19615209 "Oxford Utd 0–2 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.</ref> Koyaya, Davies daga baya ya sami rauni a gwiwa, a wasan Burton Albion kuma ya yi jinyar watanni huɗu. Bayan ya murmure daga raunin, ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo, inda ya fara farawa tun watan Oktoba, a cikin nasarar 3-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2013. Kwana goma sha biyu daga baya a wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Kwallon kafa, an sanya Davies a kan benci na maye gurbin kuma ya zo bayan mintuna 46 don Curtis Good, yayin da Bradford City ta ci gaba da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 5-0 da Swansea City . Daga nan Davies ya zira kwallon sa ta hudu a kakar a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2013, a wasan da suka ci Bristol Rovers 4 - 1 . Bayan an ba shi jan kati a wasan karshe na kakar wasa da Cheltenham Town, Davies ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin wasanni biyu cikin uku na buga wasa, ciki har da wasan karshe, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90, kamar yadda Bradford City ta ci nasara. 3 - 0 a kan Northampton Town, don cin nasara zuwa League One. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2013, Davies ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da Bradford tare da zabin shekara ta uku. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rukunin farko na wasanni goma na farko kafin a ba da sanarwar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2013, cewa zai yi jinyar har zuwa watanni hudu, bayan an yi masa tiyata a gwiwa. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24491890 "Bradford City: Andrew Davies out for up to four months"] BBC Sport. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref> Daga nan Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2014, inda ya fara wasan farko, a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Preston North End. Koyaya, Davies ya sami matsalar maraƙi yayin wasan da suka yi da Stevenage a ranar 1 ga Maris 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa bayan mintuna 36, kodayake manaja Phil Parkinson ya yi imanin raunin bai yi muni ba. Duk da cewa Davies da farko ana sa ran zai dawo da Brentford a watan Maris na 2015, ba a saka shi cikin tawagar ba, tare da Parkinson ya baiyana dacewarsa a matsayin dalili. Davies a ƙarshe ya dawo ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Maris 2014, a wasan da suka ci Colchester United 2-0. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 22 ga Maris 2014, ya ci ƙwallayen sa na farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara da 2-1 a kan Shrewsbury Town . Daga baya Davies ya taimaka wa kulob din ya tsira daga League One a kakar wasan su ta farko, inda ya kare matsayi na goma sha daya. A cikin kakar shekara 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya bayyana a wasanni huɗu na farko, duk da haka, ya ji rauni a hannu yayin wasan da suka yi da Peterborough United kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa a cikin minti na 55. Daga baya an tabbatar da cewa zai yi jinyar watanni biyu bayan tiyata. Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2014, a wasan da suka doke Crewe da ci 2-0. Davies shima yana cikin 'yan wasan lokacin da Bradford ya tashi daga wasan da ci 2-0 da ci 4-2 a waje da Chelsea a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. A duk lokacin 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da fama da rauni. Duk da wannan, ya ci gaba da yin wasanni ashirin da takwas a kakar 2014-15. === Gundumar Ross === A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekra ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Ross Premiership ta Scott County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Davies ya ƙi damar zama a Bradford kafin ya shiga yankin Ross. Bayan shiga kulob din, an ba Davies kyaftin din kulob din bayan tafiyar Richard Brittain. A wasansa na farko a matsayin kyaftin, Davies ya fara wasansa na Ross County, a wasan farko na kakar, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a raunin 2-0 da Celtic . A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarab 2016, Davies ya jagoranci kyaftin din Ross County zuwa manyan kayan azurfa na farko tare da nasarar 2-1 akan Hibernian a gasar League ta Scotland . Kafin lokacin 2016 - 17, Paul Quinn ya maye gurbin Davies a matsayin kaftin na County County, bayan ya gaya wa kulob din cewa yana son komawa Ingila, tare da matarsa ta kasa zama a Scotland. Bayan tattaunawa da danginsa da kulob din, daga nan ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a sauran kwantiraginsa. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din na tsawon shekaru biyu, har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2019. Davies ya jawo takaddama a lokacin da ya karbi jan kati don buga wa kyaftin din Celtic Scott Brown a lokacin rashin nasara 3-0 a Celtic Park a watan Maris 2018. An fitar da County daga Premiership a 2018, kuma kulob din ya sake Davies a watan Yuni 2018. Davies ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 tare da kulob din Dundee na Scottish Premiership a cikin Janairu 2019. Kwana hudu bayan rattaba hannu don Dundee, ya karya metatarsal yayin wasan horo tare da St Johnstone . A watan Maris na 2019, saboda har yanzu bai buga wa kulob din ba, ya sake karya kafar kuma an cire shi daga sauran kakar. Davies ya bar kulob din da yardar juna a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2019, bai taba buga wa kulob din wasa sau daya ba. == Aikin duniya == Davies ya cancanci buga wa Wales ko Ingila wasa, saboda yana da rajista biyu. A ƙarshe, Davies ya zaɓi ya buga wa Ingila wasa. Kasancewar Ingila U19 da Ingila U20 sun kira shi a baya, Davies ya karɓi kofi ɗaya a matakin U21 na Ingila da Turkiya U21 ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2003. == Rayuwar mutum == Babban ɗan'uwansa, Mark, ɗan wasan cricketer ne tare da Kent . Davies ya bayyana cewa idan ba ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ne, da ya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi wasa yayin da ya girma, ya tsaya a shekara goma sha shida sakamakon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Middlesbrough. Davies ya ce gwarzon kuruciyarsa Franco Baresi . == Ƙididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 18 May 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Middlesbrough |2002–03 | rowspan="6" |Premier League |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2003–04 |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |10 |0 |- |2004–05 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2005–06 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |16 |0 |- |2006–07 |23 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |0 |- |2007–08 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !0 !3 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !65 !0 |- |Queens Park Rangers (loan) |2004–05<ref name="AD04" /> |Championship |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |9 |0 |- |Derby County (loan) |2005–06<ref name="AD05" /> |Championship |23 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |24 |3 |- |Southampton (loan) |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> |Championship |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |12 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Southampton |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> | rowspan="2" |Championship |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |13 |0 |- |2008–09 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !13 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Stoke City |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- |2011–12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !2 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 |- |Preston North End (loan) |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> |Championship |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2009–10<ref name="AD09" /> |Championship |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |League One |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |Middlesbrough (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- |Crystal Palace (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |Championship |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |Bradford City (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |League Two |26 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FLT">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |31 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Bradford City |2012–13 |League Two |28 |4 |0 |0 |2 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and two in the [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]</ref> |0 |33 |4 |- |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |League One |28 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |1 |- |2014–15 |28 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !5 !6 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !95 !5 |- | rowspan="4" |Ross County |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Scottish Premiership |31 |3 |3 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |38 |3 |- |2016–17 |31 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |34 |1 |- |2017–18 |25 |1 |1 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |– |31 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !5 !5 !0 !11 !0 !0 !0 !103 !5 |- |Hartlepool United |2018–19 |National League |12 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |14 |2 |- |Dundee |2018–19<ref name="AD18" /> |Scottish Premiership |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !342 !17 !22 !0 !21 !0 !9 !0 !394 !17 |} == Daraja == === Kulob === '''Gundumar Ross''' * Kofin League na Scotland : 2015–16 === Na ɗaya === * PFA Scotland Team na Shekara : 2015–16 ==Manazarta==   [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> 9w9u9libz2ycddfv5fjlb7i4jry380p 165941 165940 2022-08-14T16:30:04Z Jidda3711 14843 Inganta shafi wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Andrew Davies|goals10=0|caps12=26|clubs12=→ [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] (loan)|years12=2011–2012|goals11=0|caps11=1|clubs11=→ [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] (loan)|years11=2011|caps10=6|years13=2012–2015|clubs10=→ [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] (loan)|years10=2011|goals9=0|caps9=3|clubs9=→ [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]] (loan)|years9=2010|goals8=0|goals12=2|clubs13=[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]|clubs8=→ [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] (loan)|years16=2019|nationalgoals1=0|nationalcaps1=1|nationalteam1=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears1=2007|goals16=0|caps16=0|clubs16=[[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]|goals15=2|caps13=84|caps15=12|clubs15=[[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]]|years15=2018–2019|goals14=5|caps14=87|clubs14=[[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]]|years14=2015–2018|goals13=5|caps8=8|years8=2009|image=Andrew Davies Bradford.jpg|youthyears1=1998–2002|clubs2=→ [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] (loan)|years2=2005|goals1=0|caps1=53|clubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|years1=2002–2008|youthclubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|clubnumber=|goals2=0|currentclub=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|height=6 ft 3 in|birth_place=[[Stockton-on-Tees]], England|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|12|17|df=y}}|fullname=Andrew John Davies|caption=Davies playing for [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] in 2015|image_size=|caps2=9|years3=2005–2006|goals7=0|goals5=0|caps7=5|clubs7=→ [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] (loan)|years7=2009|goals6=0|caps6=2|clubs6=[[Stoke City F.C.|Stoke City]]|years6=2008–2012|caps5=11|clubs3=→ [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] (loan)|clubs5=[[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]]|years5=2008|goals4=0|caps4=12|clubs4=→ [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] (loan)|years4=2007–2008|goals3=3|caps3=23|club-update=17:14, 15 June 2019 (UTC)}}'''Andrew John Davies''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1984) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ingilishi wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|tsakiya]], kuma a halin yanzu wakili ne na kyauta. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== Davies ya fara rattaba hannu tare da Middlesbrough tun yana dan shekara 13, Davies ya taka leda a kungiyoyi 11 a matakai daban-daban. An ba da shi aro ga Queens Park Rangers, Derby County da Southampton, inda ya sanya hannu tare da na karshen bayan barin Middlesbrough. Daga baya Davies ya buga wa Stoke City, Preston North End, Sheffield United, Walsall, Middlesbrough a karo na biyu, Crystal Palace da Bradford City . A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Scotland, ya rattaba hannu tare da Ross County. Davies ya taimaki County ta lashe Kofin League na Scottish na 2015 zuwa 2016, amma ya bar kulob din bayan an sake su a shekarar 2018. Davies ya wakilci Ingila a cikin kungiyoyin matasa na kasa da kasa, kuma kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 ta taka mata leda sau daya. == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haifi Davies a Stockton-on-Tees kuma ya halarci Makarantar Northfield a Billingham, kusa da Middlesbrough . Ya shiga Middlesbrough tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku, yana haɓaka matsayin kulob a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Davies ya zama ƙwararre a cikin watan Oktoba shekarar 2002 bayan ya burge a cikin 'yan ƙasa da 19s kuma a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Ya fara buga wasa na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2002, a wasan cin Kofin League da Ipswich Town . Wasansa na farko na Premier ya zo watanni uku bayan haka, a cikin rashin nasara 5-2 a gidan Aston Villa . Ya sake fitowa sau tara a kakar 2003 zuwa 2004 kafin ya samu rauni a kafarsa a wasan da aka ajiye a watan Maris na shekarar 2004. Duk da wannan, an kira Davies 2003 zuwa 2004 Middlesbrough 'Yan wasan Matasa na Shekara. Ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo daga raunin da ta yi da Coventry City a gasar League Cup a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2004. Ya buga wasanni biyu a farkon rabin kakar 2004 zuwa 2005 kafin ya koma Queens Park Rangers a farkon aro na wata daya a watan Janairu don samun wasu kwarewar kungiyar ta farko, a karshe ya kasance a can na tsawon watanni uku. Davies da farko ya ki komawa kulob din na dindindin. Bayan rikicin rauni, Middlesbrough ya tuno da shi a watan Afrilu shekarar 2005. A watan Yuli shekara 2005, an sake ba da rancen Davies, zuwa Derby County har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005 zuwa 2006 tare da yarjejeniyar gami da sashin da ya ba da damar sake tunawa da shi daga ƙungiyar iyayen sa a watan Janairu. Wannan ya kasance na farko na tsawon watanni shida, kodayake daga baya an kara shi zuwa cikakken lamunin aro. Davies ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Derby County a wasan farko na kakar, yana buga cikakken mintuna 90, a wasan 1-1 da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion . Burinsa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba shekarar 2005, a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Southampton. Bayan watanni uku a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2005, Davies ya zira kwallaye biyu, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 2-0. A watan Janairun shekarar 2006, rikicin rauni a Middlesbrough ya sa su tuna Davies, wanda ya burge a duk lokacin da yake Derby, duk da an kore shi sau uku. Da dawowarsa filin wasan Riverside, Davies ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tafiyar Middlesbrough zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin FA da na karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA . Tare da Gareth Southgate ya sadaukar da kansa ga matasa a cikin 2006 zuwa 2007, Davies ya sami hanyar shiga ƙungiyar farko kuma ya buga wasanni 23 gaba ɗaya. === Southampton === Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Southampton a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 2007, a kan rancen watanni uku na farko tare da niyyar canja wuri na dindindin a watan Janairu. Ya ɗauki har zuwa 3 ga Nuwamba 2007 don Davies ya fara wasansa na farko na Southampton, yana zuwa a madadin Grégory Vignal a cikin minti na 72, a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 da Charlton Athletic . A ranar 10 ga watanJanairun shekara ta 2008, sanya hannu ya kasance na dindindin, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, yi imanin £ 1 miliyan. Ya rasa wasannin da suka gabata na kakar 2007 - 08 sakamakon raunin da ya samu na kunci a cikin watan Maris 2008. Duk da wasa na rabin kakar wasa kawai, an zabe shi Saints Player of the Season. Gaban kakar 2008 - 09, Davies ya ce yana gab da dawowa cikakken horo na ƙungiyar farko kuma yana sa ran dawowa cikin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. === Stoke City === A watan Agusta shekara ta 2008, Davies ya koma Stoke City kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. An ba da rahoton canja wurin kuɗin da aka biya Southampton a matsayin fam miliyan 1.3. Farawar Davies a Stoke bai tafi yadda aka tsara ba bayan da ya samu rauni a gwiwa a horo, wanda hakan ya sa ya bukaci tiyata. A ƙarshen Nuwamba, yana gab da dawo da ƙungiyar farko kuma yayi wasa a gefen ajiyar. Bai buga wa tawagar farko ba har zuwa farkon watan Disamba 2008, lokacin da ya yi wasanni da yawa a kan benci tare da wasansa na farko a waje da Newcastle United . Davies ya fara wasansa na farko da Stoke da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], inda ya maye gurbin Rory Delap a minti na 72 a ranar damben 2008, yana wasa a dama ta baya bayan da aka bai wa Andy Wilkinson katin gargadi na biyu. Ya sake yin wani canji a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba shekara 2008, a kan West Ham . Davies ya fara wasan farko da Hartlepool United a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA wanda ya kare da ci 2-0 mai ban mamaki ga kungiyar League One . A lokacin wasan, ya samu rauni a cikin minti na 71 lokacin da ya fada cikin ramin Hartlepool. Daga nan Davies bai sake taka rawar gani ba a yakin Stoke na 2008 - 09. === Lamuni yana motsawa === A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2009, Davies ya rattaba hannu kan Preston North End akan rancen gaggawa na wata ɗaya. Ya fara halarta na farko washegari, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 1-0. Bayan bayyanar Preston sau biyar, Davies ya koma kulob din mahaifan sa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2015}} Da ya kasa yin benci ga Stoke a farkon kakar 2009-10, Davies ya koma Sheffield United a matsayin aro na wata uku a watan Satumba na shekara 2009. A wannan ranar, ya fara wasansa na farko, a wasan tsere na Steel City, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Sheffield Laraba 3-2. Da rancensa na karewa a watan Disamba, Davies ya koma Stoke bayan ya buga wasanni takwas don "The Blades". Bayan an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasa 25 na Stoke don kakar 2010-11, Davies ya shiga Walsall don rancen wata na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba shekara 2010. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Walsall kwanaki uku bayan rattaba hannu a kulob din, a wasan da suka doke Exeter City da ci 2-1. Koyaya, Davies ya sami rauni a cinya yayin wasan da suka yi da Tranmere Rovers kuma ya yi zaman aro tare da Walsall, wanda da farko zai ƙare ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, ya sake komawa Middlesbrough a matsayin aro don sauran kakar 2010-11 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan da suka ci 3-2 a Millwall a ranar. Bayan buga wasanni shida a kungiyar, an bashi damar komawa Stoke bayan yayi fama da rauni. A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2011, Davies ya koma Crystal Palace kan yarjejeniyar aro na wata daya. Ya fara buga wa Crystal Palace wasa na farko a wasan farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 da Peterborough United kuma ya sake fitowa a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin League, inda ya kafa daya daga cikin burin Wilfried Zaha. a ci 2-0 a kan Crawley Town . Waɗannan su ne kawai bayyanar sa ga Eagles kuma ya koma Stoke City a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Bradford City akan rancen watanni uku a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 2011. A watan Oktoba 2011, an kore shi a wasanni a jere, a kan Torquay United da Swindon Town . Bayan da aka dakatar da wasanni uku na jan kati na farko, ya sami dakatarwar wasanni hudu saboda jan katin da aka yi da Swindon, saboda kasancewarsa ta biyu a kakar. A watan Disamba na shekara 2011, Davies ya amince da tsawaita lamuninsa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16358213 "Bradford City extend Andrew Davies loan"] BBC. 29 December 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kungiyar tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara 2012, a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 a gidan Burton Albion . <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16559415.stm "Bradford 1–1 Burton"] BBC Sport. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref> Ya bayyana ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a kulob din da Bristol Rovers ; duk da haka, a ƙarshe an ba da burin ga abokin wasan David Syers . Burinsa na biyu na 2012 ya zo ne a cikin minti na 5 na lokacin rauni da Port Vale a wasan 1-1 ranar 14 ga Fabrairu. An kori Davies a karo na uku a kakar 2011-12 bayan rigimar bayan wasan da Crawley Town kuma ya sami haramcin wasa biyar. === Birnin Bradford === [[File:Andrew_Davies_1.png|alt=Blond Andrew Davies, leaning on a railing in a crowd|thumb| Davies a faretin nasara bayan nasarar Bradford City a wasan Kwallon Kafa na Kwallon Kafa Biyu na 2013]] A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2012, Bradford City ta ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya amince da kwangilar dindindin kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Ya buga wasansa na farko tun lokacin da ya koma kulob din dindindin a ranar 18 ga Agusta, a kan Gillingham . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19221411 "Gillingham 3–1 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 18 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 25 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka ci Wimbledon 5-1, inda ya ci kai tsaye daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19304428 "Bradford 5–1 AFC Wimbledon"] BBC Sport. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a kakar wasa yayin cin 3-0 a gida da Barnet . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19527962 "Bradford 3–0 Barnet"] BBC Sport. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.</ref> Mako guda bayan haka ya ci ƙwallonsa ta uku a kakar wasa ta bana, inda ya buɗe ƙwallo a wasan da suka doke Oxford United da ci 2-0. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19615209 "Oxford Utd 0–2 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.</ref> Koyaya, Davies daga baya ya sami rauni a gwiwa, a wasan Burton Albion kuma ya yi jinyar watanni huɗu. Bayan ya murmure daga raunin, ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo, inda ya fara farawa tun watan Oktoba, a cikin nasarar 3-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2013. Kwana goma sha biyu daga baya a wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Kwallon kafa, an sanya Davies a kan benci na maye gurbin kuma ya zo bayan mintuna 46 don Curtis Good, yayin da Bradford City ta ci gaba da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 5-0 da Swansea City . Daga nan Davies ya zira kwallon sa ta hudu a kakar a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2013, a wasan da suka ci Bristol Rovers 4 - 1 . Bayan an ba shi jan kati a wasan karshe na kakar wasa da Cheltenham Town, Davies ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin wasanni biyu cikin uku na buga wasa, ciki har da wasan karshe, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90, kamar yadda Bradford City ta ci nasara. 3 - 0 a kan Northampton Town, don cin nasara zuwa League One. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2013, Davies ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da Bradford tare da zabin shekara ta uku. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rukunin farko na wasanni goma na farko kafin a ba da sanarwar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2013, cewa zai yi jinyar har zuwa watanni hudu, bayan an yi masa tiyata a gwiwa. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24491890 "Bradford City: Andrew Davies out for up to four months"] BBC Sport. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref> Daga nan Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2014, inda ya fara wasan farko, a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Preston North End. Koyaya, Davies ya sami matsalar maraƙi yayin wasan da suka yi da Stevenage a ranar 1 ga Maris 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa bayan mintuna 36, kodayake manaja Phil Parkinson ya yi imanin raunin bai yi muni ba. Duk da cewa Davies da farko ana sa ran zai dawo da Brentford a watan Maris na 2015, ba a saka shi cikin tawagar ba, tare da Parkinson ya baiyana dacewarsa a matsayin dalili. Davies a ƙarshe ya dawo ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Maris 2014, a wasan da suka ci Colchester United 2-0. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 22 ga Maris 2014, ya ci ƙwallayen sa na farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara da 2-1 a kan Shrewsbury Town . Daga baya Davies ya taimaka wa kulob din ya tsira daga League One a kakar wasan su ta farko, inda ya kare matsayi na goma sha daya. A cikin kakar shekara 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya bayyana a wasanni huɗu na farko, duk da haka, ya ji rauni a hannu yayin wasan da suka yi da Peterborough United kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa a cikin minti na 55. Daga baya an tabbatar da cewa zai yi jinyar watanni biyu bayan tiyata. Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2014, a wasan da suka doke Crewe da ci 2-0. Davies shima yana cikin 'yan wasan lokacin da Bradford ya tashi daga wasan da ci 2-0 da ci 4-2 a waje da Chelsea a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. A duk lokacin 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da fama da rauni. Duk da wannan, ya ci gaba da yin wasanni ashirin da takwas a kakar 2014-15. === Gundumar Ross === A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekra ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Ross Premiership ta Scott County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Davies ya ƙi damar zama a Bradford kafin ya shiga yankin Ross. Bayan shiga kulob din, an ba Davies kyaftin din kulob din bayan tafiyar Richard Brittain. A wasansa na farko a matsayin kyaftin, Davies ya fara wasansa na Ross County, a wasan farko na kakar, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a raunin 2-0 da Celtic . A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarab 2016, Davies ya jagoranci kyaftin din Ross County zuwa manyan kayan azurfa na farko tare da nasarar 2-1 akan Hibernian a gasar League ta Scotland . Kafin lokacin 2016 - 17, Paul Quinn ya maye gurbin Davies a matsayin kaftin na County County, bayan ya gaya wa kulob din cewa yana son komawa Ingila, tare da matarsa ta kasa zama a Scotland. Bayan tattaunawa da danginsa da kulob din, daga nan ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a sauran kwantiraginsa. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din na tsawon shekaru biyu, har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2019. Davies ya jawo takaddama a lokacin da ya karbi jan kati don buga wa kyaftin din Celtic Scott Brown a lokacin rashin nasara 3-0 a Celtic Park a watan Maris 2018. An fitar da County daga Premiership a 2018, kuma kulob din ya sake Davies a watan Yuni 2018. Davies ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 tare da kulob din Dundee na Scottish Premiership a cikin Janairu 2019. Kwana hudu bayan rattaba hannu don Dundee, ya karya metatarsal yayin wasan horo tare da St Johnstone . A watan Maris na 2019, saboda har yanzu bai buga wa kulob din ba, ya sake karya kafar kuma an cire shi daga sauran kakar. Davies ya bar kulob din da yardar juna a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2019, bai taba buga wa kulob din wasa sau daya ba. == Aikin duniya == Davies ya cancanci buga wa Wales ko Ingila wasa, saboda yana da rajista biyu. A ƙarshe, Davies ya zaɓi ya buga wa Ingila wasa. Kasancewar Ingila U19 da Ingila U20 sun kira shi a baya, Davies ya karɓi kofi ɗaya a matakin U21 na Ingila da Turkiya U21 ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2003. == Rayuwar mutum == Babban ɗan'uwansa, Mark, ɗan wasan cricketer ne tare da Kent . Davies ya bayyana cewa idan ba ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ne, da ya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi wasa yayin da ya girma, ya tsaya a shekara goma sha shida sakamakon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Middlesbrough. Davies ya ce gwarzon kuruciyarsa Franco Baresi . == Ƙididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 18 May 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Middlesbrough |2002–03 | rowspan="6" |Premier League |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2003–04 |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |10 |0 |- |2004–05 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2005–06 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |16 |0 |- |2006–07 |23 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |0 |- |2007–08 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !0 !3 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !65 !0 |- |Queens Park Rangers (loan) |2004–05<ref name="AD04" /> |Championship |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |9 |0 |- |Derby County (loan) |2005–06<ref name="AD05" /> |Championship |23 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |24 |3 |- |Southampton (loan) |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> |Championship |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |12 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Southampton |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> | rowspan="2" |Championship |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |13 |0 |- |2008–09 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !13 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Stoke City |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- |2011–12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !2 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 |- |Preston North End (loan) |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> |Championship |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2009–10<ref name="AD09" /> |Championship |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |League One |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |Middlesbrough (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- |Crystal Palace (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |Championship |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |Bradford City (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |League Two |26 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FLT">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |31 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Bradford City |2012–13 |League Two |28 |4 |0 |0 |2 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and two in the [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]</ref> |0 |33 |4 |- |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |League One |28 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |1 |- |2014–15 |28 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !5 !6 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !95 !5 |- | rowspan="4" |Ross County |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Scottish Premiership |31 |3 |3 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |38 |3 |- |2016–17 |31 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |34 |1 |- |2017–18 |25 |1 |1 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |– |31 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !5 !5 !0 !11 !0 !0 !0 !103 !5 |- |Hartlepool United |2018–19 |National League |12 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |14 |2 |- |Dundee |2018–19<ref name="AD18" /> |Scottish Premiership |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !342 !17 !22 !0 !21 !0 !9 !0 !394 !17 |} == Daraja == === Kulob === '''Gundumar Ross''' * Kofin League na Scotland : 2015–16 === Na ɗaya === * PFA Scotland Team na Shekara : 2015–16 ==Manazarta==   [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> avjlkvyq0ri9s72ov1a2irk1mmb2c6c 165942 165941 2022-08-14T16:32:53Z Jidda3711 14843 inganta shafi wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Andrew Davies|goals10=0|caps12=26|clubs12=→ [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] (loan)|years12=2011–2012|goals11=0|caps11=1|clubs11=→ [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] (loan)|years11=2011|caps10=6|years13=2012–2015|clubs10=→ [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] (loan)|years10=2011|goals9=0|caps9=3|clubs9=→ [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]] (loan)|years9=2010|goals8=0|goals12=2|clubs13=[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]|clubs8=→ [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] (loan)|years16=2019|nationalgoals1=0|nationalcaps1=1|nationalteam1=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears1=2007|goals16=0|caps16=0|clubs16=[[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]|goals15=2|caps13=84|caps15=12|clubs15=[[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]]|years15=2018–2019|goals14=5|caps14=87|clubs14=[[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]]|years14=2015–2018|goals13=5|caps8=8|years8=2009|image=Andrew Davies Bradford.jpg|youthyears1=1998–2002|clubs2=→ [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] (loan)|years2=2005|goals1=0|caps1=53|clubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|years1=2002–2008|youthclubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|clubnumber=|goals2=0|currentclub=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|height=6 ft 3 in|birth_place=[[Stockton-on-Tees]], England|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|12|17|df=y}}|fullname=Andrew John Davies|caption=Davies playing for [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] in 2015|image_size=|caps2=9|years3=2005–2006|goals7=0|goals5=0|caps7=5|clubs7=→ [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] (loan)|years7=2009|goals6=0|caps6=2|clubs6=[[Stoke City F.C.|Stoke City]]|years6=2008–2012|caps5=11|clubs3=→ [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] (loan)|clubs5=[[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]]|years5=2008|goals4=0|caps4=12|clubs4=→ [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] (loan)|years4=2007–2008|goals3=3|caps3=23|club-update=17:14, 15 June 2019 (UTC)}}'''Andrew John Davies''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1984) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ingilishi wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|tsakiya]], kuma a halin yanzu wakili ne na kyauta. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== Davies ya fara rattaba hannu tare da Middlesbrough tun yana dan shekara 13, Davies ya taka leda a kungiyoyi 11 a matakai daban-daban. An ba da shi aro ga Queens Park Rangers, Derby County da Southampton, inda ya sanya hannu tare da na karshen bayan barin Middlesbrough. Daga baya Davies ya buga wa Stoke City, Preston North End, Sheffield United, Walsall, Middlesbrough a karo na biyu, Crystal Palace da Bradford City . A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Scotland, ya rattaba hannu tare da Ross County. Davies ya taimaki County ta lashe Kofin League na Scottish na 2015 zuwa 2016, amma ya bar kulob din bayan an sake su a shekarar 2018. Davies ya wakilci Ingila a cikin kungiyoyin matasa na kasa da kasa, kuma kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 ta taka mata leda sau daya. == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haifi Davies a Stockton-on-Tees kuma ya halarci Makarantar Northfield a Billingham, kusa da Middlesbrough . Ya shiga Middlesbrough tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku, yana haɓaka matsayin kulob a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Davies ya zama ƙwararre a cikin watan Oktoba shekarar 2002 bayan ya burge a cikin 'yan ƙasa da 19s kuma a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Ya fara buga wasa na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2002, a wasan cin Kofin League da Ipswich Town . Wasansa na farko na Premier ya zo watanni uku bayan haka, a cikin rashin nasara 5-2 a gidan Aston Villa . Ya sake fitowa sau tara a kakar 2003 zuwa 2004 kafin ya samu rauni a kafarsa a wasan da aka ajiye a watan Maris na shekarar 2004. Duk da wannan, an kira Davies 2003 zuwa 2004 Middlesbrough 'Yan wasan Matasa na Shekara. Ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo daga raunin da ta yi da Coventry City a gasar League Cup a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2004. Ya buga wasanni biyu a farkon rabin kakar 2004 zuwa 2005 kafin ya koma Queens Park Rangers a farkon aro na wata daya a watan Janairu don samun wasu kwarewar kungiyar ta farko, a karshe ya kasance a can na tsawon watanni uku. Davies da farko ya ki komawa kulob din na dindindin. Bayan rikicin rauni, Middlesbrough ya tuno da shi a watan Afrilu shekarar 2005. A watan Yuli shekara 2005, an sake ba da rancen Davies, zuwa Derby County har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005 zuwa 2006 tare da yarjejeniyar gami da sashin da ya ba da damar sake tunawa da shi daga ƙungiyar iyayen sa a watan Janairu. Wannan ya kasance na farko na tsawon watanni shida, kodayake daga baya an kara shi zuwa cikakken lamunin aro. Davies ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Derby County a wasan farko na kakar, yana buga cikakken mintuna 90, a wasan 1-1 da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion . Burinsa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba shekarar 2005, a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Southampton. Bayan watanni uku a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2005, Davies ya zira kwallaye biyu, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 2-0. A watan Janairun shekarar 2006, rikicin rauni a Middlesbrough ya sa su tuna Davies, wanda ya burge a duk lokacin da yake Derby, duk da an kore shi sau uku. Da dawowarsa filin wasan Riverside, Davies ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tafiyar Middlesbrough zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin FA da na karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA . Tare da Gareth Southgate ya sadaukar da kansa ga matasa a cikin 2006 zuwa 2007, Davies ya sami hanyar shiga ƙungiyar farko kuma ya buga wasanni 23 gaba ɗaya. === Southampton === Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Southampton a ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2007, a kan rancen watanni uku na farko tare da niyyar canja wuri na dindindin a watan Janairu. Ya ɗauki har zuwa 3 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2007 don Davies ya fara wasansa na farko na Southampton, yana zuwa a madadin Grégory Vignal a cikin minti na 72, a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 da Charlton Athletic . A ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2008, sanya hannu ya kasance na dindindin, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, yi imanin £ 1 miliyan. Ya rasa wasannin da suka gabata na kakar 2007 zuwa 2008 sakamakon raunin da ya samu na kunci a cikin watan Maris shekarar 2008. Duk da wasa na rabin kakar wasa kawai, an zabe shi Saints Player of the Season. Gaban kakar 2008 zuwa 2009, Davies ya ce yana gab da dawowa cikakken horo na ƙungiyar farko kuma yana sa ran dawowa cikin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. === Stoke City === A watan Agusta shekara ta 2008, Davies ya koma Stoke City kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. An ba da rahoton canja wurin kuɗin da aka biya Southampton a matsayin fam miliyan 1.3. Farawar Davies a Stoke bai tafi yadda aka tsara ba bayan da ya samu rauni a gwiwa a horo, wanda hakan ya sa ya bukaci tiyata. A ƙarshen Nuwamba, yana gab da dawo da ƙungiyar farko kuma yayi wasa a gefen ajiyar. Bai buga wa tawagar farko ba har zuwa farkon watan Disamba 2008, lokacin da ya yi wasanni da yawa a kan benci tare da wasansa na farko a waje da Newcastle United . Davies ya fara wasansa na farko da Stoke da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], inda ya maye gurbin Rory Delap a minti na 72 a ranar damben 2008, yana wasa a dama ta baya bayan da aka bai wa Andy Wilkinson katin gargadi na biyu. Ya sake yin wani canji a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba shekara 2008, a kan West Ham . Davies ya fara wasan farko da Hartlepool United a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA wanda ya kare da ci 2-0 mai ban mamaki ga kungiyar League One . A lokacin wasan, ya samu rauni a cikin minti na 71 lokacin da ya fada cikin ramin Hartlepool. Daga nan Davies bai sake taka rawar gani ba a yakin Stoke na 2008 - 09. === Lamuni yana motsawa === A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2009, Davies ya rattaba hannu kan Preston North End akan rancen gaggawa na wata ɗaya. Ya fara halarta na farko washegari, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 1-0. Bayan bayyanar Preston sau biyar, Davies ya koma kulob din mahaifan sa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2015}} Da ya kasa yin benci ga Stoke a farkon kakar 2009-10, Davies ya koma Sheffield United a matsayin aro na wata uku a watan Satumba na shekara 2009. A wannan ranar, ya fara wasansa na farko, a wasan tsere na Steel City, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Sheffield Laraba 3-2. Da rancensa na karewa a watan Disamba, Davies ya koma Stoke bayan ya buga wasanni takwas don "The Blades". Bayan an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasa 25 na Stoke don kakar 2010-11, Davies ya shiga Walsall don rancen wata na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba shekara 2010. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Walsall kwanaki uku bayan rattaba hannu a kulob din, a wasan da suka doke Exeter City da ci 2-1. Koyaya, Davies ya sami rauni a cinya yayin wasan da suka yi da Tranmere Rovers kuma ya yi zaman aro tare da Walsall, wanda da farko zai ƙare ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, ya sake komawa Middlesbrough a matsayin aro don sauran kakar 2010-11 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan da suka ci 3-2 a Millwall a ranar. Bayan buga wasanni shida a kungiyar, an bashi damar komawa Stoke bayan yayi fama da rauni. A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2011, Davies ya koma Crystal Palace kan yarjejeniyar aro na wata daya. Ya fara buga wa Crystal Palace wasa na farko a wasan farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 da Peterborough United kuma ya sake fitowa a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin League, inda ya kafa daya daga cikin burin Wilfried Zaha. a ci 2-0 a kan Crawley Town . Waɗannan su ne kawai bayyanar sa ga Eagles kuma ya koma Stoke City a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Bradford City akan rancen watanni uku a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 2011. A watan Oktoba 2011, an kore shi a wasanni a jere, a kan Torquay United da Swindon Town . Bayan da aka dakatar da wasanni uku na jan kati na farko, ya sami dakatarwar wasanni hudu saboda jan katin da aka yi da Swindon, saboda kasancewarsa ta biyu a kakar. A watan Disamba na shekara 2011, Davies ya amince da tsawaita lamuninsa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16358213 "Bradford City extend Andrew Davies loan"] BBC. 29 December 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kungiyar tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara 2012, a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 a gidan Burton Albion . <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16559415.stm "Bradford 1–1 Burton"] BBC Sport. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref> Ya bayyana ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a kulob din da Bristol Rovers ; duk da haka, a ƙarshe an ba da burin ga abokin wasan David Syers . Burinsa na biyu na 2012 ya zo ne a cikin minti na 5 na lokacin rauni da Port Vale a wasan 1-1 ranar 14 ga Fabrairu. An kori Davies a karo na uku a kakar 2011-12 bayan rigimar bayan wasan da Crawley Town kuma ya sami haramcin wasa biyar. === Birnin Bradford === [[File:Andrew_Davies_1.png|alt=Blond Andrew Davies, leaning on a railing in a crowd|thumb| Davies a faretin nasara bayan nasarar Bradford City a wasan Kwallon Kafa na Kwallon Kafa Biyu na 2013]] A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2012, Bradford City ta ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya amince da kwangilar dindindin kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Ya buga wasansa na farko tun lokacin da ya koma kulob din dindindin a ranar 18 ga Agusta, a kan Gillingham . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19221411 "Gillingham 3–1 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 18 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 25 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka ci Wimbledon 5-1, inda ya ci kai tsaye daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19304428 "Bradford 5–1 AFC Wimbledon"] BBC Sport. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a kakar wasa yayin cin 3-0 a gida da Barnet . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19527962 "Bradford 3–0 Barnet"] BBC Sport. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.</ref> Mako guda bayan haka ya ci ƙwallonsa ta uku a kakar wasa ta bana, inda ya buɗe ƙwallo a wasan da suka doke Oxford United da ci 2-0. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19615209 "Oxford Utd 0–2 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.</ref> Koyaya, Davies daga baya ya sami rauni a gwiwa, a wasan Burton Albion kuma ya yi jinyar watanni huɗu. Bayan ya murmure daga raunin, ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo, inda ya fara farawa tun watan Oktoba, a cikin nasarar 3-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2013. Kwana goma sha biyu daga baya a wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Kwallon kafa, an sanya Davies a kan benci na maye gurbin kuma ya zo bayan mintuna 46 don Curtis Good, yayin da Bradford City ta ci gaba da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 5-0 da Swansea City . Daga nan Davies ya zira kwallon sa ta hudu a kakar a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2013, a wasan da suka ci Bristol Rovers 4 - 1 . Bayan an ba shi jan kati a wasan karshe na kakar wasa da Cheltenham Town, Davies ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin wasanni biyu cikin uku na buga wasa, ciki har da wasan karshe, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90, kamar yadda Bradford City ta ci nasara. 3 - 0 a kan Northampton Town, don cin nasara zuwa League One. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2013, Davies ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da Bradford tare da zabin shekara ta uku. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rukunin farko na wasanni goma na farko kafin a ba da sanarwar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2013, cewa zai yi jinyar har zuwa watanni hudu, bayan an yi masa tiyata a gwiwa. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24491890 "Bradford City: Andrew Davies out for up to four months"] BBC Sport. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref> Daga nan Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2014, inda ya fara wasan farko, a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Preston North End. Koyaya, Davies ya sami matsalar maraƙi yayin wasan da suka yi da Stevenage a ranar 1 ga Maris 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa bayan mintuna 36, kodayake manaja Phil Parkinson ya yi imanin raunin bai yi muni ba. Duk da cewa Davies da farko ana sa ran zai dawo da Brentford a watan Maris na 2015, ba a saka shi cikin tawagar ba, tare da Parkinson ya baiyana dacewarsa a matsayin dalili. Davies a ƙarshe ya dawo ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Maris 2014, a wasan da suka ci Colchester United 2-0. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 22 ga Maris 2014, ya ci ƙwallayen sa na farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara da 2-1 a kan Shrewsbury Town . Daga baya Davies ya taimaka wa kulob din ya tsira daga League One a kakar wasan su ta farko, inda ya kare matsayi na goma sha daya. A cikin kakar shekara 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya bayyana a wasanni huɗu na farko, duk da haka, ya ji rauni a hannu yayin wasan da suka yi da Peterborough United kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa a cikin minti na 55. Daga baya an tabbatar da cewa zai yi jinyar watanni biyu bayan tiyata. Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2014, a wasan da suka doke Crewe da ci 2-0. Davies shima yana cikin 'yan wasan lokacin da Bradford ya tashi daga wasan da ci 2-0 da ci 4-2 a waje da Chelsea a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. A duk lokacin 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da fama da rauni. Duk da wannan, ya ci gaba da yin wasanni ashirin da takwas a kakar 2014-15. === Gundumar Ross === A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekra ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Ross Premiership ta Scott County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Davies ya ƙi damar zama a Bradford kafin ya shiga yankin Ross. Bayan shiga kulob din, an ba Davies kyaftin din kulob din bayan tafiyar Richard Brittain. A wasansa na farko a matsayin kyaftin, Davies ya fara wasansa na Ross County, a wasan farko na kakar, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a raunin 2-0 da Celtic . A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarab 2016, Davies ya jagoranci kyaftin din Ross County zuwa manyan kayan azurfa na farko tare da nasarar 2-1 akan Hibernian a gasar League ta Scotland . Kafin lokacin 2016 - 17, Paul Quinn ya maye gurbin Davies a matsayin kaftin na County County, bayan ya gaya wa kulob din cewa yana son komawa Ingila, tare da matarsa ta kasa zama a Scotland. Bayan tattaunawa da danginsa da kulob din, daga nan ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a sauran kwantiraginsa. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din na tsawon shekaru biyu, har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2019. Davies ya jawo takaddama a lokacin da ya karbi jan kati don buga wa kyaftin din Celtic Scott Brown a lokacin rashin nasara 3-0 a Celtic Park a watan Maris 2018. An fitar da County daga Premiership a 2018, kuma kulob din ya sake Davies a watan Yuni 2018. Davies ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 tare da kulob din Dundee na Scottish Premiership a cikin Janairu 2019. Kwana hudu bayan rattaba hannu don Dundee, ya karya metatarsal yayin wasan horo tare da St Johnstone . A watan Maris na 2019, saboda har yanzu bai buga wa kulob din ba, ya sake karya kafar kuma an cire shi daga sauran kakar. Davies ya bar kulob din da yardar juna a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2019, bai taba buga wa kulob din wasa sau daya ba. == Aikin duniya == Davies ya cancanci buga wa Wales ko Ingila wasa, saboda yana da rajista biyu. A ƙarshe, Davies ya zaɓi ya buga wa Ingila wasa. Kasancewar Ingila U19 da Ingila U20 sun kira shi a baya, Davies ya karɓi kofi ɗaya a matakin U21 na Ingila da Turkiya U21 ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2003. == Rayuwar mutum == Babban ɗan'uwansa, Mark, ɗan wasan cricketer ne tare da Kent . Davies ya bayyana cewa idan ba ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ne, da ya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi wasa yayin da ya girma, ya tsaya a shekara goma sha shida sakamakon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Middlesbrough. Davies ya ce gwarzon kuruciyarsa Franco Baresi . == Ƙididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 18 May 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Middlesbrough |2002–03 | rowspan="6" |Premier League |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2003–04 |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |10 |0 |- |2004–05 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2005–06 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |16 |0 |- |2006–07 |23 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |0 |- |2007–08 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !0 !3 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !65 !0 |- |Queens Park Rangers (loan) |2004–05<ref name="AD04" /> |Championship |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |9 |0 |- |Derby County (loan) |2005–06<ref name="AD05" /> |Championship |23 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |24 |3 |- |Southampton (loan) |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> |Championship |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |12 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Southampton |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> | rowspan="2" |Championship |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |13 |0 |- |2008–09 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !13 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Stoke City |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- |2011–12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !2 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 |- |Preston North End (loan) |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> |Championship |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2009–10<ref name="AD09" /> |Championship |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |League One |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |Middlesbrough (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- |Crystal Palace (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |Championship |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |Bradford City (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |League Two |26 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FLT">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |31 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Bradford City |2012–13 |League Two |28 |4 |0 |0 |2 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and two in the [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]</ref> |0 |33 |4 |- |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |League One |28 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |1 |- |2014–15 |28 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !5 !6 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !95 !5 |- | rowspan="4" |Ross County |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Scottish Premiership |31 |3 |3 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |38 |3 |- |2016–17 |31 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |34 |1 |- |2017–18 |25 |1 |1 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |– |31 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !5 !5 !0 !11 !0 !0 !0 !103 !5 |- |Hartlepool United |2018–19 |National League |12 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |14 |2 |- |Dundee |2018–19<ref name="AD18" /> |Scottish Premiership |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !342 !17 !22 !0 !21 !0 !9 !0 !394 !17 |} == Daraja == === Kulob === '''Gundumar Ross''' * Kofin League na Scotland : 2015–16 === Na ɗaya === * PFA Scotland Team na Shekara : 2015–16 ==Manazarta==   [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> 0gzmz1ywa153k1bjqp1nwcm64udy29v 165984 165942 2022-08-14T20:59:57Z Saudarh2 14842 /* Tarihin Rayuwa */ wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Andrew Davies|goals10=0|caps12=26|clubs12=→ [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] (loan)|years12=2011–2012|goals11=0|caps11=1|clubs11=→ [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] (loan)|years11=2011|caps10=6|years13=2012–2015|clubs10=→ [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] (loan)|years10=2011|goals9=0|caps9=3|clubs9=→ [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]] (loan)|years9=2010|goals8=0|goals12=2|clubs13=[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]|clubs8=→ [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] (loan)|years16=2019|nationalgoals1=0|nationalcaps1=1|nationalteam1=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears1=2007|goals16=0|caps16=0|clubs16=[[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]|goals15=2|caps13=84|caps15=12|clubs15=[[Hartlepool United F.C.|Hartlepool United]]|years15=2018–2019|goals14=5|caps14=87|clubs14=[[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]]|years14=2015–2018|goals13=5|caps8=8|years8=2009|image=Andrew Davies Bradford.jpg|youthyears1=1998–2002|clubs2=→ [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] (loan)|years2=2005|goals1=0|caps1=53|clubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|years1=2002–2008|youthclubs1=[[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]|clubnumber=|goals2=0|currentclub=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|height=6 ft 3 in|birth_place=[[Stockton-on-Tees]], England|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|12|17|df=y}}|fullname=Andrew John Davies|caption=Davies playing for [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]] in 2015|image_size=|caps2=9|years3=2005–2006|goals7=0|goals5=0|caps7=5|clubs7=→ [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] (loan)|years7=2009|goals6=0|caps6=2|clubs6=[[Stoke City F.C.|Stoke City]]|years6=2008–2012|caps5=11|clubs3=→ [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] (loan)|clubs5=[[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]]|years5=2008|goals4=0|caps4=12|clubs4=→ [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] (loan)|years4=2007–2008|goals3=3|caps3=23|club-update=17:14, 15 June 2019 (UTC)}}'''Andrew John Davies''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1984) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ingilishi wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|tsakiya]], kuma a halin yanzu wakili ne na kyauta. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== Davies ya fara rattaba hannu tare da Middlesbrough tun yana dan shekara 13, Davies ya taka leda a kungiyoyi 11 a matakai daban-daban. An ba da shi aro ga Queens Park Rangers, Derby County da Southampton, inda ya sanya hannu tare da na karshen bayan barin Middlesbrough. Daga baya Davies ya buga wa Stoke City, Preston North End, Sheffield United, Walsall, Middlesbrough a karo na biyu, Crystal Palace da Bradford City . A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Scotland, ya rattaba hannu tare da Ross County. Davies ya taimaki County ta lashe Kofin League na Scottish na shekarar 2015 zuwa 2016, amma ya bar kulob din bayan an sake su a shekarar 2018. Davies ya wakilci Ingila a cikin kungiyoyin matasa na kasa da kasa, kuma kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 ta taka mata leda sau daya. == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haifi Davies a Stockton-on-Tees kuma ya halarci Makarantar Northfield a Billingham, kusa da Middlesbrough . Ya shiga Middlesbrough tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku, yana haɓaka matsayin kulob a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Davies ya zama ƙwararre a cikin watan Oktoba shekarar 2002 bayan ya burge a cikin 'yan ƙasa da 19s kuma a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar ajiyar. Ya fara buga wasa na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2002, a wasan cin Kofin League da Ipswich Town . Wasansa na farko na Premier ya zo watanni uku bayan haka, a cikin rashin nasara 5-2 a gidan Aston Villa . Ya sake fitowa sau tara a kakar 2003 zuwa 2004 kafin ya samu rauni a kafarsa a wasan da aka ajiye a watan Maris na shekarar 2004. Duk da wannan, an kira Davies 2003 zuwa 2004 Middlesbrough 'Yan wasan Matasa na Shekara. Ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo daga raunin da ta yi da Coventry City a gasar League Cup a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2004. Ya buga wasanni biyu a farkon rabin kakar 2004 zuwa 2005 kafin ya koma Queens Park Rangers a farkon aro na wata daya a watan Janairu don samun wasu kwarewar kungiyar ta farko, a karshe ya kasance a can na tsawon watanni uku. Davies da farko ya ki komawa kulob din na dindindin. Bayan rikicin rauni, Middlesbrough ya tuno da shi a watan Afrilu shekarar 2005. A watan Yuli shekara 2005, an sake ba da rancen Davies, zuwa Derby County har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005 zuwa 2006 tare da yarjejeniyar gami da sashin da ya ba da damar sake tunawa da shi daga ƙungiyar iyayen sa a watan Janairu. Wannan ya kasance na farko na tsawon watanni shida, kodayake daga baya an kara shi zuwa cikakken lamunin aro. Davies ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Derby County a wasan farko na kakar, yana buga cikakken mintuna 90, a wasan 1-1 da Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion . Burinsa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba shekarar 2005, a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Southampton. Bayan watanni uku a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2005, Davies ya zira kwallaye biyu, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 2-0. A watan Janairun shekarar 2006, rikicin rauni a Middlesbrough ya sa su tuna Davies, wanda ya burge a duk lokacin da yake Derby, duk da an kore shi sau uku. Da dawowarsa filin wasan Riverside, Davies ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tafiyar Middlesbrough zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin FA da na karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA . Tare da Gareth Southgate ya sadaukar da kansa ga matasa a cikin 2006 zuwa 2007, Davies ya sami hanyar shiga ƙungiyar farko kuma ya buga wasanni 23 gaba ɗaya. === Southampton === Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Southampton a ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2007, a kan rancen watanni uku na farko tare da niyyar canja wuri na dindindin a watan Janairu. Ya ɗauki har zuwa 3 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2007 don Davies ya fara wasansa na farko na Southampton, yana zuwa a madadin Grégory Vignal a cikin minti na 72, a cikin rashin nasara 1-0 da Charlton Athletic . A ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2008, sanya hannu ya kasance na dindindin, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, yi imanin £ 1 miliyan. Ya rasa wasannin da suka gabata na kakar 2007 zuwa 2008 sakamakon raunin da ya samu na kunci a cikin watan Maris shekarar 2008. Duk da wasa na rabin kakar wasa kawai, an zabe shi Saints Player of the Season. Gaban kakar 2008 zuwa 2009, Davies ya ce yana gab da dawowa cikakken horo na ƙungiyar farko kuma yana sa ran dawowa cikin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. === Stoke City === A watan Agusta shekara ta 2008, Davies ya koma Stoke City kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. An ba da rahoton canja wurin kuɗin da aka biya Southampton a matsayin fam miliyan 1.3. Farawar Davies a Stoke bai tafi yadda aka tsara ba bayan da ya samu rauni a gwiwa a horo, wanda hakan ya sa ya bukaci tiyata. A ƙarshen Nuwamba, yana gab da dawo da ƙungiyar farko kuma yayi wasa a gefen ajiyar. Bai buga wa tawagar farko ba har zuwa farkon watan Disamba 2008, lokacin da ya yi wasanni da yawa a kan benci tare da wasansa na farko a waje da Newcastle United . Davies ya fara wasansa na farko da Stoke da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], inda ya maye gurbin Rory Delap a minti na 72 a ranar damben 2008, yana wasa a dama ta baya bayan da aka bai wa Andy Wilkinson katin gargadi na biyu. Ya sake yin wani canji a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba shekara 2008, a kan West Ham . Davies ya fara wasan farko da Hartlepool United a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA wanda ya kare da ci 2-0 mai ban mamaki ga kungiyar League One . A lokacin wasan, ya samu rauni a cikin minti na 71 lokacin da ya fada cikin ramin Hartlepool. Daga nan Davies bai sake taka rawar gani ba a yakin Stoke na 2008 - 09. === Lamuni yana motsawa === A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2009, Davies ya rattaba hannu kan Preston North End akan rancen gaggawa na wata ɗaya. Ya fara halarta na farko washegari, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Norwich City 1-0. Bayan bayyanar Preston sau biyar, Davies ya koma kulob din mahaifan sa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2015}} Da ya kasa yin benci ga Stoke a farkon kakar 2009-10, Davies ya koma Sheffield United a matsayin aro na wata uku a watan Satumba na shekara 2009. A wannan ranar, ya fara wasansa na farko, a wasan tsere na Steel City, yana wasa mintuna 90, a wasan da suka ci Sheffield Laraba 3-2. Da rancensa na karewa a watan Disamba, Davies ya koma Stoke bayan ya buga wasanni takwas don "The Blades". Bayan an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasa 25 na Stoke don kakar 2010-11, Davies ya shiga Walsall don rancen wata na farko a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba shekara 2010. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na Walsall kwanaki uku bayan rattaba hannu a kulob din, a wasan da suka doke Exeter City da ci 2-1. Koyaya, Davies ya sami rauni a cinya yayin wasan da suka yi da Tranmere Rovers kuma ya yi zaman aro tare da Walsall, wanda da farko zai ƙare ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, ya sake komawa Middlesbrough a matsayin aro don sauran kakar 2010-11 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan da suka ci 3-2 a Millwall a ranar. Bayan buga wasanni shida a kungiyar, an bashi damar komawa Stoke bayan yayi fama da rauni. A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2011, Davies ya koma Crystal Palace kan yarjejeniyar aro na wata daya. Ya fara buga wa Crystal Palace wasa na farko a wasan farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 da Peterborough United kuma ya sake fitowa a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin League, inda ya kafa daya daga cikin burin Wilfried Zaha. a ci 2-0 a kan Crawley Town . Waɗannan su ne kawai bayyanar sa ga Eagles kuma ya koma Stoke City a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Davies ya rattaba hannu ga Bradford City akan rancen watanni uku a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 2011. A watan Oktoba 2011, an kore shi a wasanni a jere, a kan Torquay United da Swindon Town . Bayan da aka dakatar da wasanni uku na jan kati na farko, ya sami dakatarwar wasanni hudu saboda jan katin da aka yi da Swindon, saboda kasancewarsa ta biyu a kakar. A watan Disamba na shekara 2011, Davies ya amince da tsawaita lamuninsa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/16358213 "Bradford City extend Andrew Davies loan"] BBC. 29 December 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kungiyar tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara 2012, a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 a gidan Burton Albion . <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/16559415.stm "Bradford 1–1 Burton"] BBC Sport. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref> Ya bayyana ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a kulob din da Bristol Rovers ; duk da haka, a ƙarshe an ba da burin ga abokin wasan David Syers . Burinsa na biyu na 2012 ya zo ne a cikin minti na 5 na lokacin rauni da Port Vale a wasan 1-1 ranar 14 ga Fabrairu. An kori Davies a karo na uku a kakar 2011-12 bayan rigimar bayan wasan da Crawley Town kuma ya sami haramcin wasa biyar. === Birnin Bradford === [[File:Andrew_Davies_1.png|alt=Blond Andrew Davies, leaning on a railing in a crowd|thumb| Davies a faretin nasara bayan nasarar Bradford City a wasan Kwallon Kafa na Kwallon Kafa Biyu na 2013]] A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2012, Bradford City ta ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya amince da kwangilar dindindin kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Ya buga wasansa na farko tun lokacin da ya koma kulob din dindindin a ranar 18 ga Agusta, a kan Gillingham . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19221411 "Gillingham 3–1 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 18 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</ref> Ya zira kwallon sa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 25 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka ci Wimbledon 5-1, inda ya ci kai tsaye daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19304428 "Bradford 5–1 AFC Wimbledon"] BBC Sport. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a kakar wasa yayin cin 3-0 a gida da Barnet . <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19527962 "Bradford 3–0 Barnet"] BBC Sport. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.</ref> Mako guda bayan haka ya ci ƙwallonsa ta uku a kakar wasa ta bana, inda ya buɗe ƙwallo a wasan da suka doke Oxford United da ci 2-0. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19615209 "Oxford Utd 0–2 Bradford"] BBC Sport. 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.</ref> Koyaya, Davies daga baya ya sami rauni a gwiwa, a wasan Burton Albion kuma ya yi jinyar watanni huɗu. Bayan ya murmure daga raunin, ya sa kungiyarsa ta farko ta dawo, inda ya fara farawa tun watan Oktoba, a cikin nasarar 3-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2013. Kwana goma sha biyu daga baya a wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Kwallon kafa, an sanya Davies a kan benci na maye gurbin kuma ya zo bayan mintuna 46 don Curtis Good, yayin da Bradford City ta ci gaba da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 5-0 da Swansea City . Daga nan Davies ya zira kwallon sa ta hudu a kakar a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2013, a wasan da suka ci Bristol Rovers 4 - 1 . Bayan an ba shi jan kati a wasan karshe na kakar wasa da Cheltenham Town, Davies ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin wasanni biyu cikin uku na buga wasa, ciki har da wasan karshe, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90, kamar yadda Bradford City ta ci nasara. 3 - 0 a kan Northampton Town, don cin nasara zuwa League One. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2013, Davies ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da Bradford tare da zabin shekara ta uku. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rukunin farko na wasanni goma na farko kafin a ba da sanarwar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2013, cewa zai yi jinyar har zuwa watanni hudu, bayan an yi masa tiyata a gwiwa. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24491890 "Bradford City: Andrew Davies out for up to four months"] BBC Sport. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref> Daga nan Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2014, inda ya fara wasan farko, a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Preston North End. Koyaya, Davies ya sami matsalar maraƙi yayin wasan da suka yi da Stevenage a ranar 1 ga Maris 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa bayan mintuna 36, kodayake manaja Phil Parkinson ya yi imanin raunin bai yi muni ba. Duk da cewa Davies da farko ana sa ran zai dawo da Brentford a watan Maris na 2015, ba a saka shi cikin tawagar ba, tare da Parkinson ya baiyana dacewarsa a matsayin dalili. Davies a ƙarshe ya dawo ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Maris 2014, a wasan da suka ci Colchester United 2-0. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 22 ga Maris 2014, ya ci ƙwallayen sa na farko na kakar, a cikin rashin nasara da 2-1 a kan Shrewsbury Town . Daga baya Davies ya taimaka wa kulob din ya tsira daga League One a kakar wasan su ta farko, inda ya kare matsayi na goma sha daya. A cikin kakar shekara 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya bayyana a wasanni huɗu na farko, duk da haka, ya ji rauni a hannu yayin wasan da suka yi da Peterborough United kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa a cikin minti na 55. Daga baya an tabbatar da cewa zai yi jinyar watanni biyu bayan tiyata. Davies ya dawo kungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2014, a wasan da suka doke Crewe da ci 2-0. Davies shima yana cikin 'yan wasan lokacin da Bradford ya tashi daga wasan da ci 2-0 da ci 4-2 a waje da Chelsea a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. A duk lokacin 2014 - 15, Davies ya ci gaba da fama da rauni. Duk da wannan, ya ci gaba da yin wasanni ashirin da takwas a kakar 2014-15. === Gundumar Ross === A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekra ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Davies ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Ross Premiership ta Scott County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Davies ya ƙi damar zama a Bradford kafin ya shiga yankin Ross. Bayan shiga kulob din, an ba Davies kyaftin din kulob din bayan tafiyar Richard Brittain. A wasansa na farko a matsayin kyaftin, Davies ya fara wasansa na Ross County, a wasan farko na kakar, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a raunin 2-0 da Celtic . A ranar 13 ga watan Maris, shekarab 2016, Davies ya jagoranci kyaftin din Ross County zuwa manyan kayan azurfa na farko tare da nasarar 2-1 akan Hibernian a gasar League ta Scotland . Kafin lokacin 2016 - 17, Paul Quinn ya maye gurbin Davies a matsayin kaftin na County County, bayan ya gaya wa kulob din cewa yana son komawa Ingila, tare da matarsa ta kasa zama a Scotland. Bayan tattaunawa da danginsa da kulob din, daga nan ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a sauran kwantiraginsa. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din na tsawon shekaru biyu, har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2019. Davies ya jawo takaddama a lokacin da ya karbi jan kati don buga wa kyaftin din Celtic Scott Brown a lokacin rashin nasara 3-0 a Celtic Park a watan Maris 2018. An fitar da County daga Premiership a 2018, kuma kulob din ya sake Davies a watan Yuni 2018. Davies ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 tare da kulob din Dundee na Scottish Premiership a cikin Janairu 2019. Kwana hudu bayan rattaba hannu don Dundee, ya karya metatarsal yayin wasan horo tare da St Johnstone . A watan Maris na 2019, saboda har yanzu bai buga wa kulob din ba, ya sake karya kafar kuma an cire shi daga sauran kakar. Davies ya bar kulob din da yardar juna a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2019, bai taba buga wa kulob din wasa sau daya ba. == Aikin duniya == Davies ya cancanci buga wa Wales ko Ingila wasa, saboda yana da rajista biyu. A ƙarshe, Davies ya zaɓi ya buga wa Ingila wasa. Kasancewar Ingila U19 da Ingila U20 sun kira shi a baya, Davies ya karɓi kofi ɗaya a matakin U21 na Ingila da Turkiya U21 ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2003. == Rayuwar mutum == Babban ɗan'uwansa, Mark, ɗan wasan cricketer ne tare da Kent . Davies ya bayyana cewa idan ba ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ne, da ya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi wasa yayin da ya girma, ya tsaya a shekara goma sha shida sakamakon wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Middlesbrough. Davies ya ce gwarzon kuruciyarsa Franco Baresi . == Ƙididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 18 May 2019}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Middlesbrough |2002–03 | rowspan="6" |Premier League |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2003–04 |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |10 |0 |- |2004–05 |3 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2005–06 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |16 |0 |- |2006–07 |23 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |0 |- |2007–08 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !53 !0 !3 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !65 !0 |- |Queens Park Rangers (loan) |2004–05<ref name="AD04" /> |Championship |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |9 |0 |- |Derby County (loan) |2005–06<ref name="AD05" /> |Championship |23 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |24 |3 |- |Southampton (loan) |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> |Championship |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |12 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Southampton |2007–08<ref name="AD07" /> | rowspan="2" |Championship |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |13 |0 |- |2008–09 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !13 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Stoke City |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> | rowspan="4" |Premier League |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- |2011–12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !2 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 |- |Preston North End (loan) |2008–09<ref name="AD08" /> |Championship |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2009–10<ref name="AD09" /> |Championship |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |League One |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |Middlesbrough (loan) |2010–11<ref name="AD10" /> |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |- |Crystal Palace (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |Championship |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |Bradford City (loan) |2011–12<ref name="AD11" /> |League Two |26 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FLT">Appearances in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]]</ref> |0 |31 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Bradford City |2012–13 |League Two |28 |4 |0 |0 |2 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha">One appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and two in the [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]</ref> |0 |33 |4 |- |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |League One |28 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |28 |1 |- |2014–15 |28 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !5 !6 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !95 !5 |- | rowspan="4" |Ross County |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Scottish Premiership |31 |3 |3 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |38 |3 |- |2016–17 |31 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |34 |1 |- |2017–18 |25 |1 |1 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |– |31 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !87 !5 !5 !0 !11 !0 !0 !0 !103 !5 |- |Hartlepool United |2018–19 |National League |12 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |14 |2 |- |Dundee |2018–19<ref name="AD18" /> |Scottish Premiership |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !342 !17 !22 !0 !21 !0 !9 !0 !394 !17 |} == Daraja == === Kulob === '''Gundumar Ross''' * Kofin League na Scotland : 2015–16 === Na ɗaya === * PFA Scotland Team na Shekara : 2015–16 ==Manazarta==   [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> 6ylmsz5uicjo8gj8s1mjgmc9hvykqqo 0 25005 165946 165859 2022-08-14T17:09:51Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox biography/sport/athletics}} {{Infobox person|birth_name=Danny Allan|birthname=Donny Allan|birth_date=9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989|birth_place=York, Yorkshire ta Arewa|citizenship=Ingila|makaranta=|occupation=Dan kwallo|known for=Kwallon rugby}} '''Danny Allan''' (an haife shi ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989) a York, Yorkshire ta Arewa, Ingila. ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[rugby]] wanda kwanan nan ya taka leda a Rugby League na Oxford a League 1. Ya taba buga wa kulob din York City Knights, Hunslet Hawks, Featherstone Rovers da Doncaster a Gasar, da kuma Leeds Rhinos a Super League. Yana buga wasa a matsayin mai stand-off. ==Tarihin kungiya/club== Ya yi wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Leeds da Castleford Tigers a shekarata 2007 a stand-off a maimakon Danny McGuire akan ayyukan kasa da kasa. ==Ritaya== Ya yi ritaya daga wasan kwararru a shekaran 2016.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2018}} ==Bayan fage== Danny yana "yayatawa" don dawo da wasan da ya yi nasa a duk kwanakin wasan sa. An tabbatar da jita -jitar lokacin da masanin wasannin rugby Paul 'the wheelbarrow' Wilkes ya tabbatar da cewa zai rattaba hannu kan shi don sabon mulkinsa a majagaba na bear na Hinpool. Danny ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Heworth ARLFC ta gida don kakar shekaran 2020. ==Hanyoyin hdin waje== * [https://www.therhinos.co.uk/player?PlayGuid=DA333018 Bayanan Leeds Rhinos] ==Manazarta == h8bwz9izer9r55qnzfrziccnq0enjwg 165947 165946 2022-08-14T17:10:30Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox biography/athletics}} {{Infobox person|birth_name=Danny Allan|birthname=Donny Allan|birth_date=9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989|birth_place=York, Yorkshire ta Arewa|citizenship=Ingila|makaranta=|occupation=Dan kwallo|known for=Kwallon rugby}} '''Danny Allan''' (an haife shi ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989) a York, Yorkshire ta Arewa, Ingila. ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[rugby]] wanda kwanan nan ya taka leda a Rugby League na Oxford a League 1. Ya taba buga wa kulob din York City Knights, Hunslet Hawks, Featherstone Rovers da Doncaster a Gasar, da kuma Leeds Rhinos a Super League. Yana buga wasa a matsayin mai stand-off. ==Tarihin kungiya/club== Ya yi wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Leeds da Castleford Tigers a shekarata 2007 a stand-off a maimakon Danny McGuire akan ayyukan kasa da kasa. ==Ritaya== Ya yi ritaya daga wasan kwararru a shekaran 2016.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2018}} ==Bayan fage== Danny yana "yayatawa" don dawo da wasan da ya yi nasa a duk kwanakin wasan sa. An tabbatar da jita -jitar lokacin da masanin wasannin rugby Paul 'the wheelbarrow' Wilkes ya tabbatar da cewa zai rattaba hannu kan shi don sabon mulkinsa a majagaba na bear na Hinpool. Danny ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Heworth ARLFC ta gida don kakar shekaran 2020. ==Hanyoyin hdin waje== * [https://www.therhinos.co.uk/player?PlayGuid=DA333018 Bayanan Leeds Rhinos] ==Manazarta == nti4ophn7cw1qvxo7ruivlnqct3fz6o 165948 165947 2022-08-14T17:10:47Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|birth_name=Danny Allan|birthname=Donny Allan|birth_date=9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989|birth_place=York, Yorkshire ta Arewa|citizenship=Ingila|makaranta=|occupation=Dan kwallo|known for=Kwallon rugby}} '''Danny Allan''' (an haife shi ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu, 1989) a York, Yorkshire ta Arewa, Ingila. ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[rugby]] wanda kwanan nan ya taka leda a Rugby League na Oxford a League 1. Ya taba buga wa kulob din York City Knights, Hunslet Hawks, Featherstone Rovers da Doncaster a Gasar, da kuma Leeds Rhinos a Super League. Yana buga wasa a matsayin mai stand-off. ==Tarihin kungiya/club== Ya yi wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Leeds da Castleford Tigers a shekarata 2007 a stand-off a maimakon Danny McGuire akan ayyukan kasa da kasa. ==Ritaya== Ya yi ritaya daga wasan kwararru a shekaran 2016.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2018}} ==Bayan fage== Danny yana "yayatawa" don dawo da wasan da ya yi nasa a duk kwanakin wasan sa. An tabbatar da jita -jitar lokacin da masanin wasannin rugby Paul 'the wheelbarrow' Wilkes ya tabbatar da cewa zai rattaba hannu kan shi don sabon mulkinsa a majagaba na bear na Hinpool. Danny ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Heworth ARLFC ta gida don kakar shekaran 2020. ==Hanyoyin hdin waje== * [https://www.therhinos.co.uk/player?PlayGuid=DA333018 Bayanan Leeds Rhinos] ==Manazarta == oakrjgl0tvwbcwxy36mrcqqxi4jqavr 0 25027 166113 155623 2022-08-15T07:29:23Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson|birth_date={{birth date and age|1958|01|17}}|birth_place=|medaltemplates={{MedalSport | Men’s [[Boxing]]}} {{MedalCountry | {{NGA}} }} {{MedalCompetition|[[World Amateur Boxing Championships|World Amateur Championships]]}} {{MedalGold| [[1978 World Amateur Boxing Championships|1978 Belgrade]] | Lightweight}}}} '''Davidson Andeh''' (an haife shi ranar 17 ga watan Janairun, 1958). dan dambe mai ritaya ne, daga [[Najeriya]], wanda ya lashe kambun duniya a rukunin marasa nauyi na (&#x2013; 60&nbsp;kg) a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Biyu, wanda aka gudanar a Belgrade, Yugoslavia. A karshe yaci Vladimir Sorokin daga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]].{{Ana bukatan hujja}} ==Wakilci== Andeh ya wakilci kasarsa ta haihuwa a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekaran 1976 a [[Montréal|Montreal, Quebec]], Kanada, amma Najeriya tayi fice daga gasar saboda halartar [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]], don haka nasara a zagayen farko na rukunin featherweight ( &#x2013; 57&nbsp;kg) an bai wa Rai Sik na [[Indiya]] . <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222508/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1976/1976v3.pdf Official 1976 Olympic Report] p153, Vol 3</ref> ==Kwararre== Andeh ya zama ƙwararre a cikin shekaran 1980, kuma ya karɓi taken Afirka mai nauyi a cikin shekaran 1983 ta hanyar doke Tapsoga Tiga na [[Togo]] . Ya yi ritaya daga gasar a shekaran 1987, tare da rikodin din nasarori 18 (buga ƙwanƙwasa 12), hasara biyar da fafatawa ɗaya. == Hanyoyin waje == * Boxing record for Davidson Andeh from BoxRec ==Manazarta== rlngl989qo87tszw0w82wwevjerto3o 0 25594 165977 114507 2022-08-14T20:50:30Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ayanda Borotho - Ngubane''' An haife ta 13 ga watan Janairu, shekarar 1981,yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma tsohuwar wadda aka fi sani da taka rawa a cikin SABC 1 sitcom Nomzamo, daga shekarar 2007-2010, wanda ta maye gurbin Zinzile Zungu da Phumelele Zungu akan Mzansi Magic. 's telenovela Isibaya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=10729|title=Ayanda Borotho|publisher=TVSA|accessdate=2020-06-24}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Ayanda Borotho a ranar 13 ga Janairun 1981 a garin Ntuzuma kusa da birnin [[Durban]] a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na Afirka ta Kudu. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Brettonwood a Umbilo, Durban inda aka horar da ita kan magana da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta yi diflomasiyyar Sadarwar Haɗin kai a Makarantar Talla ta AAA daga 1999-2001, ƙwararre kan dabarun sarrafa iri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/ayanda-borotho/things-we-didnt-know-about-ayanda-borotho|title = Things we didn't know about Ayanda Borotho}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo a 1999 bayan ta sami matsayin kula da ƴar makaranta Thami a cikin SABC 1 soapie Generations (jerin talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu) . A cikin 2000 tana da ƙaramar rawar a cikin fim ɗin Leon Schuster Mr Kasusuwa . A 2007 Ta maye gurbin Zinzile Zungu a matsayin Nomzamo a cikin SABC 1 sitcom Nomzamo daga kakar ta biyu. Ayanda ta taka ƙaramin rawar Busi a kakar wasa ta huɗu na jerin shirye -shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na SABC 1, a cikin 2009. A cikin 2013 An jefa Ayanda a matsayin Phumelele akan telenovela IsiBaya na Mzansi Magic. A cikin 2018 an jefa ta a matsayin Khethiwe a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu. == Rayuwar mutum == Ayanda Ngubane tana auren likita kuma suna da yara uku. Ta bayyana cewa a cikin gidanta tana da tsauraran matakai "Babu Dokokin Turanci". Yaranta suna magana da Zulu da Sotho a gida.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-11-21-ayanda-borotho-explains-why-she-has-a-no-english-policy-in-her-house/|title=Ayanda Borotho explains why she has a no English policy in her house}}</ref> == Girmamawa == * An zabe ta a MIPAD Awards.<ref>{{cite web|title=Isibaya' actress Ayanda Borotho nominated for MIPAD award |url=https://www.iol.co.za/amp/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/isibaya-actress-ayanda-borotho-nominated-for-mipad-award-47857105|website=Independent Online}}</ref> == Nassoshi == s3ygg83qpqdo03gx7iatypp5itjt4bp 165978 165977 2022-08-14T20:51:32Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ayanda Borotho - Ngubane''' An haife ta 13 ga watan Janairu, shekarar 1981,yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma tsohuwar wadda aka fi sani da taka rawa a cikin SABC 1 sitcom Nomzamo, daga shekarar 2007-2010, wanda ta maye gurbin Zinzile Zungu da Phumelele Zungu akan Mzansi Magic. 's telenovela Isibaya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=10729|title=Ayanda Borotho|publisher=TVSA|accessdate=2020-06-24}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Ayanda Borotho a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekara ta alif 1981 a garin Ntuzuma kusa da birnin [[Durban]] a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na Afirka ta Kudu. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Brettonwood a Umbilo, Durban inda aka horar da ita kan magana da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta yi diflomasiyyar Sadarwar Haɗin kai a Makarantar Talla ta AAA daga 1999-2001, ƙwararre kan dabarun sarrafa iri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/ayanda-borotho/things-we-didnt-know-about-ayanda-borotho|title = Things we didn't know about Ayanda Borotho}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo a 1999 bayan ta sami matsayin kula da ƴar makaranta Thami a cikin SABC 1 soapie Generations (jerin talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu) . A cikin 2000 tana da ƙaramar rawar a cikin fim ɗin Leon Schuster Mr Kasusuwa . A 2007 Ta maye gurbin Zinzile Zungu a matsayin Nomzamo a cikin SABC 1 sitcom Nomzamo daga kakar ta biyu. Ayanda ta taka ƙaramin rawar Busi a kakar wasa ta huɗu na jerin shirye -shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na SABC 1, a cikin 2009. A cikin 2013 An jefa Ayanda a matsayin Phumelele akan telenovela IsiBaya na Mzansi Magic. A cikin 2018 an jefa ta a matsayin Khethiwe a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu. == Rayuwar mutum == Ayanda Ngubane tana auren likita kuma suna da yara uku. Ta bayyana cewa a cikin gidanta tana da tsauraran matakai "Babu Dokokin Turanci". Yaranta suna magana da Zulu da Sotho a gida.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-11-21-ayanda-borotho-explains-why-she-has-a-no-english-policy-in-her-house/|title=Ayanda Borotho explains why she has a no English policy in her house}}</ref> == Girmamawa == * An zabe ta a MIPAD Awards.<ref>{{cite web|title=Isibaya' actress Ayanda Borotho nominated for MIPAD award |url=https://www.iol.co.za/amp/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/isibaya-actress-ayanda-borotho-nominated-for-mipad-award-47857105|website=Independent Online}}</ref> == Nassoshi == b3canwqgdijkb1gmnedcsu7ovw8nmbq 0 25627 166129 159011 2022-08-15T10:46:48Z SIRTEE1 14849 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1047549261|Gloucester City A.F.C.]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club||clubname=Gloucester City|image=Gloucester city afc logo.png|image_size=250|fullname=Gloucester City Association Football Club|nickname=The Tigers, The Yellows, City|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|1883|3|5}}|ground=[[Meadow Park, Gloucester|New Meadow Park]], [[Gloucester]]|capacity=3,600 (762 seats) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319175148/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>|chairman=Eamonn McGurk & Alex Petheram|manager=[[Lee Mansell]] (Interim)|league={{English football updater|GloucesC}}|season={{English football updater|GloucesC2}}|position={{English football updater|GloucesC3}}|website=https://www.gloucestercityafc.com/ <!-- Home kit -->|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_goldhalf2|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=_hoops_gold|leftarm1=ff0000|body1=ff0000|rightarm1=ff0000|shorts1=ff0000|socks1=ff0000 <!-- Away kit -->|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_adidas_piping_gold|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_blue_thin_stripes|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=00AEFF|body2=000099|rightarm2=00AEFF|shorts2=ffffff|socks2=000099|current=2018–19 National League#National League South}} '''Gloucester City Association Football Club''' ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta turawa da ke Hempsted, Gloucester . An kafa kulob din a cikin 1883 a matsayin '''Gloucester''', sun zama '''Gloucester City''' a 1902, amma an san su a takaice '''Gloucester YMCA''' daga 1910 zuwa 1925, kafin su koma sunan su na baya. Kulob din yana wasa a National League North . Kafin hakan, ta aje tarihi na tsawon shekaru 70 a cikin Kwallon Kudancin daga 1939 zuwa 2009. Kulob din ya samu ci gaba bayan nasarar wasan karshe da Farnborough . A watan Yulin 2007, ambaliyar ruwa ta Ingila ta 2007 ta shafi kulob din, wanda ya shafi Gloucestershire sosai kuma ya bar filin wasan Meadow Park a karkashin {{Convert|8|ft}} ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwan na nufin kulob din ya yi hijira daga Gloucester na tsawon shekaru 13. Tigers sun yi wasannin gida a filin wasa na New Lawn a Nailsworth, Cirencester Town's Corinium Stadium, Cheltenham Town 's Whaddon Road da Evesham United 's Jubilee Stadium kafin komawa gida zuwa sabon filin wasa a Meadow Park a 2020. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Gloucestershire County FA . == Tarihi == === Samuwar da farkon shekarun === Ankirkire kungiyar ne a 5 ga watan maris 1883 amatsayin 'Gloucester' amma wasan farko Kulob din ya zama dan kumgiya na Bristol da League wanda daga baya ya zama League ungiyar Yammacin Turai. A wannan zamanin an san kulob din a matsayin 'The Gloucestrians' da 'Jama'a' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida. An canza wa kulob din suna 'Gloucester City' a cikin 1902 kuma daga baya ya haɗu da St. Michael a farkon kamfen na 1906 - 07. Wannan kulob din ya nade a watan Satumba 1910. Wata ƙungiya ta daban, Gloucester YMCA, an kafa ta a lokaci guda kuma yawancin 'yan wasan da ke tare da City sun shiga Gloucester YMCA. By 1925 this latest club had assumed the name of '''Gloucester City''' once more and had become founder members of the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. In 1934–35, after winning both the Cup and League, City turned semi-professional, and joined the Birmingham Combination, as well as moving to a new stadium in Longlevens where the club stayed for the next 26 years. ki0kb2gw7zp8t00abecu8oln0t7zskd 166131 166129 2022-08-15T10:50:13Z SIRTEE1 14849 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1047549261|Gloucester City A.F.C.]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club||clubname=Gloucester City|image=Gloucester city afc logo.png|image_size=250|fullname=Gloucester City Association Football Club|nickname=The Tigers, The Yellows, City|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|1883|3|5}}|ground=[[Meadow Park, Gloucester|New Meadow Park]], [[Gloucester]]|capacity=3,600 (762 seats) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319175148/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>|chairman=Eamonn McGurk & Alex Petheram|manager=[[Lee Mansell]] (Interim)|league={{English football updater|GloucesC}}|season={{English football updater|GloucesC2}}|position={{English football updater|GloucesC3}}|website=https://www.gloucestercityafc.com/ <!-- Home kit -->|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_goldhalf2|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=_hoops_gold|leftarm1=ff0000|body1=ff0000|rightarm1=ff0000|shorts1=ff0000|socks1=ff0000 <!-- Away kit -->|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_adidas_piping_gold|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_blue_thin_stripes|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=00AEFF|body2=000099|rightarm2=00AEFF|shorts2=ffffff|socks2=000099|current=2018–19 National League#National League South}} '''Gloucester City Association Football Club''' ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta turawa da ke Hempsted, Gloucester . An kafa kulob din a cikin 1883 a matsayin '''Gloucester''', sun zama '''Gloucester City''' a 1902, amma an san su a takaice '''Gloucester YMCA''' daga 1910 zuwa 1925, kafin su koma sunan su na baya. Kulob din yana wasa a National League North . Kafin hakan, ta aje tarihi na tsawon shekaru 70 a cikin Kwallon Kudancin daga 1939 zuwa 2009. Kulob din ya samu ci gaba bayan nasarar wasan karshe da Farnborough . A watan Yulin 2007, ambaliyar ruwa ta Ingila ta 2007 ta shafi kulob din, wanda ya shafi Gloucestershire sosai kuma ya bar filin wasan Meadow Park a karkashin {{Convert|8|ft}} ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwan na nufin kulob din ya yi hijira daga Gloucester na tsawon shekaru 13. Tigers sun yi wasannin gida a filin wasa na New Lawn a Nailsworth, Cirencester Town's Corinium Stadium, Cheltenham Town 's Whaddon Road da Evesham United 's Jubilee Stadium kafin komawa gida zuwa sabon filin wasa a Meadow Park a 2020. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Gloucestershire County FA . == Tarihi == === Samuwar da farkon shekarun === An kafa kulob ne a ranar 5 ga Maris 1883 a matsayin Gloucester, [1] amma wasan da aka yi rikodin na farko ya zo a lokacin 1883 – 84 lokacin da wata ƙungiyar da ke wakiltar Cheltenham ta buga wasa da sabon ɓangaren Gloucester.[2] Koyaya, waccan ƙungiyar ta farko ta Gloucester ta ninka a cikin 1886. Ƙungiyar ta sake buɗewa a cikin Satumba 1889. Wasan gasa na farko na Gloucester a cikin Oktoba 1889 shine Gloucestershire FA Junior Challenge Cup na farko da doke Clifton Association Reserves 10 – 0 a Budding's Field. Kulob din ya zama dan kumgiya na Bristol da League wanda daga baya ya zama League ungiyar Yammacin Turai. A wannan zamanin an san kulob din a matsayin 'The Gloucestrians' da 'Jama'a' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida. An canza wa kulob din suna 'Gloucester City' a cikin 1902 kuma daga baya ya haɗu da St. Michael a farkon kamfen na 1906 - 07. Wannan kulob din ya nade a watan Satumba 1910. Wata ƙungiya ta daban, Gloucester YMCA, an kafa ta a lokaci guda kuma yawancin 'yan wasan da ke tare da City sun shiga Gloucester YMCA. By 1925 this latest club had assumed the name of '''Gloucester City''' once more and had become founder members of the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. In 1934–35, after winning both the Cup and League, City turned semi-professional, and joined the Birmingham Combination, as well as moving to a new stadium in Longlevens where the club stayed for the next 26 years. igt0god5t8pl84amj0cd6j0ytzdn0vw 166132 166131 2022-08-15T11:07:35Z SIRTEE1 14849 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1047549261|Gloucester City A.F.C.]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club||clubname=Gloucester City|image=Gloucester city afc logo.png|image_size=250|fullname=Gloucester City Association Football Club|nickname=The Tigers, The Yellows, City|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|1883|3|5}}|ground=[[Meadow Park, Gloucester|New Meadow Park]], [[Gloucester]]|capacity=3,600 (762 seats) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319175148/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>|chairman=Eamonn McGurk & Alex Petheram|manager=[[Lee Mansell]] (Interim)|league={{English football updater|GloucesC}}|season={{English football updater|GloucesC2}}|position={{English football updater|GloucesC3}}|website=https://www.gloucestercityafc.com/ <!-- Home kit -->|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_goldhalf2|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=_hoops_gold|leftarm1=ff0000|body1=ff0000|rightarm1=ff0000|shorts1=ff0000|socks1=ff0000 <!-- Away kit -->|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_adidas_piping_gold|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_blue_thin_stripes|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=00AEFF|body2=000099|rightarm2=00AEFF|shorts2=ffffff|socks2=000099|current=2018–19 National League#National League South}} '''Gloucester City Association Football Club''' ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta turawa da ke Hempsted, Gloucester . An kafa kulob din a cikin 1883 a matsayin '''Gloucester''', sun zama '''Gloucester City''' a 1902, amma an san su a takaice '''Gloucester YMCA''' daga 1910 zuwa 1925, kafin su koma sunan su na baya. Kulob din yana wasa a National League North . Kafin hakan, ta aje tarihi na tsawon shekaru 70 a cikin Kwallon Kudancin daga 1939 zuwa 2009. Kulob din ya samu ci gaba bayan nasarar wasan karshe da Farnborough . A watan Yulin 2007, ambaliyar ruwa ta Ingila ta 2007 ta shafi kulob din, wanda ya shafi Gloucestershire sosai kuma ya bar filin wasan Meadow Park a karkashin {{Convert|8|ft}} ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwan na nufin kulob din ya yi hijira daga Gloucester na tsawon shekaru 13. Tigers sun yi wasannin gida a filin wasa na New Lawn a Nailsworth, Cirencester Town's Corinium Stadium, Cheltenham Town 's Whaddon Road da Evesham United 's Jubilee Stadium kafin komawa gida zuwa sabon filin wasa a Meadow Park a 2020. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Gloucestershire County FA . == Tarihi == === Samuwar da farkon shekarun === An kafa kulob ne a ranar 5 ga Maris 1883 a matsayin Gloucester, [1] amma wasan da aka yi rikodin na farko ya zo a lokacin 1883 – 84 lokacin da wata ƙungiyar da ke wakiltar Cheltenham ta buga wasa da sabon ɓangaren Gloucester.[2] Koyaya, waccan ƙungiyar ta farko ta Gloucester ta ninka a cikin 1886. Ƙungiyar ta sake buɗewa a cikin Satumba 1889. Wasan gasa na farko na Gloucester a cikin Oktoba 1889 shine Gloucestershire FA Junior Challenge Cup na farko da doke Clifton Association Reserves 10 – 0 a Budding's Field. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa.Kulob din ya zama dan kumgiya na Bristol da League wanda daga baya ya zama League ungiyar Yammacin Turai. A wannan zamanin an san kulob din a matsayin 'The Gloucestrians' da 'Jama'a' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida. An canza wa kulob din suna 'Gloucester City' a cikin 1902 kuma daga baya ya haɗu da St. Michael a farkon kamfen na 1906 - 07. Wannan kulob din ya nade a watan Satumba 1910. Wata ƙungiya ta daban, Gloucester YMCA, an kafa ta a lokaci guda kuma yawancin 'yan wasan da ke tare da City sun shiga Gloucester YMCA. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa. 9p72tm09m9ajcjobbezva86r8pf7afx 166133 166132 2022-08-15T11:09:03Z SIRTEE1 14849 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1047549261|Gloucester City A.F.C.]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club||clubname=Gloucester City|image=Gloucester city afc logo.png|image_size=250|fullname=Gloucester City Association Football Club|nickname=The Tigers, The Yellows, City|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|1883|3|5}}|ground=[[Meadow Park, Gloucester|New Meadow Park]], [[Gloucester]]|capacity=3,600 (762 seats) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319175148/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>|chairman=Eamonn McGurk & Alex Petheram|manager=[[Lee Mansell]] (Interim)|league={{English football updater|GloucesC}}|season={{English football updater|GloucesC2}}|position={{English football updater|GloucesC3}}|website=https://www.gloucestercityafc.com/ <!-- Home kit -->|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_goldhalf2|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=_hoops_gold|leftarm1=ff0000|body1=ff0000|rightarm1=ff0000|shorts1=ff0000|socks1=ff0000 <!-- Away kit -->|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_adidas_piping_gold|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_blue_thin_stripes|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=00AEFF|body2=000099|rightarm2=00AEFF|shorts2=ffffff|socks2=000099|current=2018–19 National League#National League South}} '''Gloucester City Association Football Club''' ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta turawa da ke Hempsted, Gloucester . An kafa kulob din a cikin 1883 a matsayin '''Gloucester''', sun zama '''Gloucester City''' a 1902, amma an san su a takaice '''Gloucester YMCA''' daga 1910 zuwa 1925, kafin su koma sunan su na baya. Kulob din yana wasa a National League North . Kafin hakan, ta aje tarihi na tsawon shekaru 70 a cikin Kwallon Kudancin daga 1939 zuwa 2009. Kulob din ya samu ci gaba bayan nasarar wasan karshe da Farnborough . A watan Yulin 2007, ambaliyar ruwa ta Ingila ta 2007 ta shafi kulob din, wanda ya shafi Gloucestershire sosai kuma ya bar filin wasan Meadow Park a karkashin {{Convert|8|ft}} ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwan na nufin kulob din ya yi hijira daga Gloucester na tsawon shekaru 13. Tigers sun yi wasannin gida a filin wasa na New Lawn a Nailsworth, Cirencester Town's Corinium Stadium, Cheltenham Town 's Whaddon Road da Evesham United 's Jubilee Stadium kafin komawa gida zuwa sabon filin wasa a Meadow Park a 2020. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Gloucestershire County FA . == Tarihi == === Samuwar da farkon shekarun === An kafa kulob ne a ranar 5 ga Maris 1883 a matsayin Gloucester, [1] amma wasan da aka yi rikodin na farko ya zo a lokacin 1883 – 84 lokacin da wata ƙungiyar da ke wakiltar Cheltenham ta buga wasa da sabon ɓangaren Gloucester.[2] Koyaya, waccan ƙungiyar ta farko ta Gloucester ta ninka a cikin 1886. Ƙungiyar ta sake buɗewa a cikin Satumba 1889. Wasan gasa na farko na Gloucester a cikin Oktoba 1889 shine Gloucestershire FA Junior Challenge Cup na farko da doke Clifton Association Reserves 10 – 0 a Budding's Field. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa.Kulob din ya zama dan kumgiya na Bristol da League wanda daga baya ya zama League ungiyar Yammacin Turai. A wannan zamanin an san kulob din a matsayin 'The Gloucestrians' da 'Jama'a' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida. An canza wa kulob din suna 'Gloucester City' a cikin 1902 kuma daga baya ya haɗu da St. Michael a farkon kamfen na 1906 - 07. Wannan kulob din ya nade a watan Satumba 1910. Wata ƙungiya ta daban, Gloucester YMCA, an kafa ta a lokaci guda kuma yawancin 'yan wasan da ke tare da City sun shiga Gloucester YMCA. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa. Sun ci Kofin Tillotson saboda kasancewarsu mafi kyawun kulob a cikin Haɗin gwiwar Birmingham, sannan kuma sun sa tsohon dan wasan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] da Wolverhampton Wanderers Reg Weaver ya buge duk tarihinsa tare da zura kwallaye 67 a cikin 1937-38 kakar. 7q1ixlhpp0mklryyet1nuvnfhr7rirt 166134 166133 2022-08-15T11:20:41Z SIRTEE1 14849 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1047549261|Gloucester City A.F.C.]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club||clubname=Gloucester City|image=Gloucester city afc logo.png|image_size=250|fullname=Gloucester City Association Football Club|nickname=The Tigers, The Yellows, City|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|1883|3|5}}|ground=[[Meadow Park, Gloucester|New Meadow Park]], [[Gloucester]]|capacity=3,600 (762 seats) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319175148/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-news/gallery/first-images-new-stadium-build-3713145 |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>|chairman=Eamonn McGurk & Alex Petheram|manager=[[Lee Mansell]] (Interim)|league={{English football updater|GloucesC}}|season={{English football updater|GloucesC2}}|position={{English football updater|GloucesC3}}|website=https://www.gloucestercityafc.com/ <!-- Home kit -->|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_goldhalf2|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=_hoops_gold|leftarm1=ff0000|body1=ff0000|rightarm1=ff0000|shorts1=ff0000|socks1=ff0000 <!-- Away kit -->|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_adidas_piping_gold|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=_blue_thin_stripes|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=00AEFF|body2=000099|rightarm2=00AEFF|shorts2=ffffff|socks2=000099|current=2018–19 National League#National League South}} '''Gloucester City Association Football Club''' ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta turawa da ke Hempsted, Gloucester . An kafa kulob din a cikin 1883 a matsayin '''Gloucester''', sun zama '''Gloucester City''' a 1902, amma an san su a takaice '''Gloucester YMCA''' daga 1910 zuwa 1925, kafin su koma sunan su na baya. Kulob din yana wasa a National League North . Kafin hakan, ta aje tarihi na tsawon shekaru 70 a cikin Kwallon Kudancin daga 1939 zuwa 2009. Kulob din ya samu ci gaba bayan nasarar wasan karshe da Farnborough . A watan Yulin 2007, ambaliyar ruwa ta Ingila ta 2007 ta shafi kulob din, wanda ya shafi Gloucestershire sosai kuma ya bar filin wasan Meadow Park a karkashin {{Convert|8|ft}} ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwan na nufin kulob din ya yi hijira daga Gloucester na tsawon shekaru 13. Tigers sun yi wasannin gida a filin wasa na New Lawn a Nailsworth, Cirencester Town's Corinium Stadium, Cheltenham Town 's Whaddon Road da Evesham United 's Jubilee Stadium kafin komawa gida zuwa sabon filin wasa a Meadow Park a 2020. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Gloucestershire County FA . == Tarihi == === Samuwar da farkon shekarun === An kafa kulob ne a ranar 5 ga Maris 1883 a matsayin Gloucester, [1] amma wasan da aka yi rikodin na farko ya zo a lokacin 1883 – 84 lokacin da wata ƙungiyar da ke wakiltar Cheltenham ta buga wasa da sabon ɓangaren Gloucester.[2] Koyaya, waccan ƙungiyar ta farko ta Gloucester ta ninka a cikin 1886. Ƙungiyar ta sake buɗewa a cikin Satumba 1889. Wasan gasa na farko na Gloucester a cikin Oktoba 1889 shine Gloucestershire FA Junior Challenge Cup na farko da doke Clifton Association Reserves 10 – 0 a Budding's Field. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa.Kulob din ya zama dan kumgiya na Bristol da League wanda daga baya ya zama League ungiyar Yammacin Turai. A wannan zamanin an san kulob din a matsayin 'The Gloucestrians' da 'Jama'a' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida. An canza wa kulob din suna 'Gloucester City' a cikin 1902 kuma daga baya ya haɗu da St. Michael a farkon kamfen na 1906 - 07. Wannan kulob din ya nade a watan Satumba 1910. Wata ƙungiya ta daban, Gloucester YMCA, an kafa ta a lokaci guda kuma yawancin 'yan wasan da ke tare da City sun shiga Gloucester YMCA. A shekara ta 1925 wannan sabon kulob din ya sake daukar sunan Gloucester City kuma ya zama memba na kungiyar Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. A cikin 1934 – 35, bayan lashe Kofin Kofin da League, City ta zama ƙwararrun ƙwararru, kuma ta shiga Haɗin Birmingham, tare da ƙaura zuwa sabon filin wasa a Longlevens inda kulob din ya zauna na shekaru 26 masu zuwa. Sun ci Kofin Tillotson saboda kasancewarsu mafi kyawun kulob a cikin Haɗin gwiwar Birmingham, sannan kuma sun sa tsohon dan wasan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] da Wolverhampton Wanderers Reg Weaver ya buge duk tarihinsa tare da zura kwallaye 67 a cikin 1937-38 kakar. === Nasarar shigar da gasar Kudancin League === A shekara ta 1939 kulob din ya taka leda a gasar kwallon kafa ta Kudancin kasar a karon farko, duk da cewa a cikin takaitaccen gasar yaki, yayin da suka shiga bangaren yamma. Bayan yakin City ta koma kungiyar ta Kudu kuma ta ci gaba da zama mambobin kungiyar mafi dadewa a gasar. Tsawon yanayi guda uku a jere, 1948–51, kulob din ya kai zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin FA, duk lokacin da aka yi rashin nasara a hannun abokan hamayyar Kwallon kafa : Mansfield Town (1 – 4 away), Norwich City (2 – 3 gida) da Bristol City (0) - 4 zuwa). An kafa tarihin yawan halartar kulob din a Longlevens a shekarar 1952 lokacin da Stan Myers da Peter Price suka ci Tottenham Hotspur da ci 2–1 a gaban 'yan kallo 10,500, bangaren da ya hada da fitattun jarumai a wannan rana irin su Alf Ramsey wanda ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a nan gaba., Ted Ditchburn, Charlie Withers da Les Medley . Ya ɗauki har zuwa lokacin 1955 – 56 don Gloucester don ɗanɗano nasarar su ta farko a cikin Kudanci League . Shahararriyar gasar cin kofin League ta Kudancin kasar da ta doke Yeovil Town a wasan da City ta yi rashin nasara a wasan farko da ci 4-1, sai da ta doke Yeovil da ci 5-1 a wasa na biyu, ta samu babbar karramawar kulob din. === Horton Road zamanin === A cikin 1964 kulob din ya sake komawa filin wasa, daga Longlevens zuwa babban filin wasa na Horton Road, kusa da tsakiyar Gloucester, wanda zai iya ɗaukar mutane sama da 30,000 idan ya cika. Kodayake an haɓaka Gloucester City zuwa gasar Premier League ta Kudancin a cikin kakar 1968 – 69, gabaɗaya bakarariya ce. A cikin kakar 1981–82 an gama matsayi na shida ya isa a sami gurbi a rukunin Premier da aka gyara. Har ila yau, sun kasance masu nasara a gasar cin kofin League, suna zuwa 1-2 zuwa Wealdstone, wanda ya hada da kyaftin din Ingila Stuart Pearce a gaba. Duk da Kim Casey ya zira kwallaye 40, kungiyar ta koma rukunin Midland a 1984–85, bayan shekaru uku a gasar Premier. === Meadow Park da shahararren gasar cin kofin FA === [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rgr42cjh0qkica75or356ifs92e070e 0 25671 165916 114892 2022-08-14T13:38:31Z SIRTEE1 14849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization}}'''An kafa Kwalejin Rainbow''' a shekara ta 1996 a [[Najeriya]] . Tana nan a km 39 [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] / [[Ibadan]] expressway, [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]] . <ref name="list">[http://nigeriatoplist.com/list-of-primary-and-secondary-schools-in-nigeria-ogun-state/ List Of Primary and Secondary Schools In Nigeria Ogun State], Nigeria Top List, 2015, Retrieved 20 February 2016</ref> Yana hidimar shirya samari da 'yan mata don ƙarin ilimi ko dai a wata [[jami'a]] a Najeriya ko kuma a wasu wurare na duniya. Kwaleji ce da ke ba da shirye -shiryen ilimi ga ɗaliban dukkan ƙasashe. Ilimin ilimi a kwalejin yana ɗaukar shekaru shida kuma ya ƙunshi shekaru uku a Makarantar Sakandare ta Junior sannan shekara uku a Babban Sakandare. <ref>http://www.rainbowcollege.org</ref> Wasu daga cikin yarukan da ake bayarwa a kwalejin Rainbow sun haɗa da [[Turanci|yaren Ingiliziyya]], [[Faransanci|Faransanci, yaren]] [[Yarbanci|Yoruba]], da [[Harshen Ibo|yaren Igbo]] Babbar Makarantar Sakandari ta mai da hankali kan shirye -shirye kan manyan jarabawa uku(3): Jarrabawar Takaddun Makarantar Sakandari ta Yammacin Afirka (WASSCE), Majalisar Jarrabawa ta Kasa (Najeriya) (NECO) Babban Makarantar Sakandari ta Makaranta (SSCE), da Babban Takaddar Babbar Jagora ta Duniya (IGCSE) . Bugu da ƙari an shirya ɗalibai don Gwajin Ingilishi azaman Harshen Ƙasashen waje (TOEFL), SAT Reasoning Test (SAT), Jarabawar Matriculation University (UME) Kwamitin Hadin gwiwa da Kwamitin Matriculation (JAMB) da jarrabawar Cambridge . . == Nassoshi == <references /> == Hanyoyin waje == * [http://www.rainbowcollege.org/ Shafin Yanar Gizon Kwalejin Rainbow] e0dcnakg7gtp3uk7xcp0cpc7ppqlds9 0 26018 165954 116673 2022-08-14T17:33:41Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daphney Hlomuka''' (1949 - 1 Oktoba 2008) ta kasance ma'aikaciyar gidan talabijin a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], ƴar fim da ma'aikaciyar rediyo da wasan kwaikwayo. A kan [[Talabijin|ƙaramin allo]], wataƙila Hlomuka an fi saninta ga masu sauraro saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin MaMkhize (Mrs Mhlongo) a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin, ''Hlala Kwabafileyo'', kuma a matsayin Sis May a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, ''S'gudi S'naysi'', gaban Joe Mafela.<ref name="st" /> ==Tarihin rayuwa== An haifi Hlomuka a [[Durban]], Afirka ta Kudu, amma ta girma a KwaMashu a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata. ==Wasan fim== Ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a Durban a 1968, kuma an ɗauke ta a matsayin mai goyon bayan marubucin Durban, Barka da Msomi. <ref name="st" /> Kyaututtukan gidan wasanninta na farko sun haɗa da wasanni a cikin wasannin kwaikwayo na Msomi guda biyu: ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'', wanda shine daidaitawar Zulu na ''Macbeth'' na William Shakespeare . <ref name="st" /> ''Umabatha ta'' zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Msomu. <ref name="st" /> Hlomuka ta yi aiki a wasannin rediyo na yaren Zulu a tsakanin wucin gadi tsakanin ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'' . <ref name="sowetan" /> Ta bar Afirka ta Kudu a takaice a cikin shekarun 1970 don zagaya tare da 'yan wasan ''Ipi Tombi'' a [[Turai]]. A tsakanin shekarun 1960 zuwa 1970, rawar da ake nunawa akan allo ko dandamali ga 'yan wasan baƙar fata a Afirka ta Kudu galibi suna da wahalar samu saboda wariyar launin fata.<ref name="st" /> Hlomuka sau da yawa yana fitowa daga allo a matsayin ɗan wasan rediyo a cikin shahararrun jerin wasannin Zulu.<ref name="st" /> ===Nasara=== Hlomuka a ƙarshe ta sami nasara a gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarun 1980 lokacin da aka jefa ta a matsayin MaMhlongo a cikin jerin shirye ''-shiryen talabijin mai ban mamaki, Hlala Kwabafileyo'' . Ta hali, MaMhlongo, ya matar da mijinta ya mutu ta na mai arziki tycoon. <ref name="st" /> Har zuwa yau a Afirka ta Kudu, kalmar ''MaMgobhozi'', wacce ta samo asali daga jerin da halayyar Ruth Cele, ta bayyana halayen tsegumi da aka danganta mata. <ref name="st" /> ===fina-finai=== Ta kuma fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na 1980, S'gudi S'naysi, a gaban fitaccen jarumi, Joe Mafela. Mafela ya kwatanta mai haya, S'dumo. Hlomuka hali, Sis May, ita ce S'dumo mai kyakkyawar niyya, mai gida mai haƙuri. Jerin ya shahara yayin gudanar da shi. Fim ɗin Hlomuka da lambar yabo ta talabijin sun kai shekarun 1980, 1990 da 2000 (shekaru goma). Ta fito a fim ɗin 1995, ''Soweto Green'' a matsayin baiwa da mai aikin gida mai suna Tryphina, gaban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo John Kani . Ta kuma ta fito a matsayin Sarauniya Ntombazi a cikin ministocin gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu na 1986, Shaka Zulu . Ta kuma yi tauraro akan jerin SABC 1 Gugu no Andile, a matsayinta na goggo. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin ''na 1996, Tarzan: The Epic Adventures'' . <ref name="st" /> Sabbin rawar da ta taka kwanan nan sun haɗa da ''Rhythm City'', da kuma rikice -rikicen yaren Nguni na bala'in soyayya na Shakespearean, ''Romeo da Juliet'' . ==Dalilin Mutuwa== Daphney Hlomuka ya mutu ne sanadiyyar cutar [[Sankara|sankarar]] koda a asibitin Charlotte Maxeke da ke [[Johannesburg]] a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2008, tana da shekaru 59. Ta rasu ta bar mijinta, Elliot Ngubane, da 'ya'yansu huɗu. <ref name="st" /> == Hanyoyin waje == * {{IMDb name|id=0387226|name=Daphney Hlomuka}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka ta Kudu]] axj4fbn4hyyoeqyy3j17tpmq9dxh0qs 165975 165954 2022-08-14T20:48:33Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daphney Hlomuka''' (1949 - 1 Oktoba 2008) ta kasance ma'aikaciyar gidan talabijin a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], ƴar fim da ma'aikaciyar rediyo da wasan kwaikwayo. A kan [[Talabijin|ƙaramin allo]], wataƙila Hlomuka an fi saninta ga masu sauraro saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin MaMkhize (Mrs Mhlongo) a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin, ''Hlala Kwabafileyo'', kuma a matsayin Sis May a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, ''S'gudi S'naysi'', gaban Joe Mafela.<ref name="st" /> ==Tarihin rayuwa== An haifi Hlomuka a [[Durban]], Afirka ta Kudu, amma ta girma a KwaMashu a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata. ==Wasan fim== Ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a Durban a shekarar 1968, kuma an ɗauke ta a matsayin mai goyon bayan marubucin Durban, Barka da Msomi. <ref name="st" /> Kyaututtukan gidan wasanninta na farko sun haɗa da wasanni a cikin wasannin kwaikwayo na Msomi guda biyu: ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'', wanda shine daidaitawar Zulu na ''Macbeth'' na William Shakespeare . <ref name="st" /> ''Umabatha ta'' zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Msomu. <ref name="st" /> Hlomuka ta yi aiki a wasannin rediyo na yaren Zulu a tsakanin wucin gadi tsakanin ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'' . <ref name="sowetan" /> Ta bar Afirka ta Kudu a takaice a cikin shekarun 1970 don zagaya tare da 'yan wasan ''Ipi Tombi'' a [[Turai]]. A tsakanin shekarun 1960 zuwa 1970, rawar da ake nunawa akan allo ko dandamali ga 'yan wasan baƙar fata a Afirka ta Kudu galibi suna da wahalar samu saboda wariyar launin fata.<ref name="st" /> Hlomuka sau da yawa yana fitowa daga allo a matsayin ɗan wasan rediyo a cikin shahararrun jerin wasannin Zulu.<ref name="st" /> ===Nasara=== Hlomuka a ƙarshe ta sami nasara a gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarun 1980 lokacin da aka jefa ta a matsayin MaMhlongo a cikin jerin shirye ''-shiryen talabijin mai ban mamaki, Hlala Kwabafileyo'' . Ta hali, MaMhlongo, ya matar da mijinta ya mutu ta na mai arziki tycoon. <ref name="st" /> Har zuwa yau a Afirka ta Kudu, kalmar ''MaMgobhozi'', wacce ta samo asali daga jerin da halayyar Ruth Cele, ta bayyana halayen tsegumi da aka danganta mata. <ref name="st" /> ===fina-finai=== Ta kuma fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na 1980, S'gudi S'naysi, a gaban fitaccen jarumi, Joe Mafela. Mafela ya kwatanta mai haya, S'dumo. Hlomuka hali, Sis May, ita ce S'dumo mai kyakkyawar niyya, mai gida mai haƙuri. Jerin ya shahara yayin gudanar da shi. Fim ɗin Hlomuka da lambar yabo ta talabijin sun kai shekarun 1980, 1990 da 2000 (shekaru goma). Ta fito a fim ɗin 1995, ''Soweto Green'' a matsayin baiwa da mai aikin gida mai suna Tryphina, gaban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo John Kani . Ta kuma ta fito a matsayin Sarauniya Ntombazi a cikin ministocin gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu na 1986, Shaka Zulu . Ta kuma yi tauraro akan jerin SABC 1 Gugu no Andile, a matsayinta na goggo. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin ''na 1996, Tarzan: The Epic Adventures'' . <ref name="st" /> Sabbin rawar da ta taka kwanan nan sun haɗa da ''Rhythm City'', da kuma rikice -rikicen yaren Nguni na bala'in soyayya na Shakespearean, ''Romeo da Juliet'' . ==Dalilin Mutuwa== Daphney Hlomuka ya mutu ne sanadiyyar cutar [[Sankara|sankarar]] koda a asibitin Charlotte Maxeke da ke [[Johannesburg]] a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2008, tana da shekaru 59. Ta rasu ta bar mijinta, Elliot Ngubane, da 'ya'yansu huɗu. <ref name="st" /> == Hanyoyin waje == * {{IMDb name|id=0387226|name=Daphney Hlomuka}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka ta Kudu]] 6ze4tmf42fjl8a44hkgac73x47guu9c 165976 165975 2022-08-14T20:49:16Z Saudarh2 14842 /* Dalilin Mutuwa */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daphney Hlomuka''' (1949 - 1 Oktoba 2008) ta kasance ma'aikaciyar gidan talabijin a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], ƴar fim da ma'aikaciyar rediyo da wasan kwaikwayo. A kan [[Talabijin|ƙaramin allo]], wataƙila Hlomuka an fi saninta ga masu sauraro saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin MaMkhize (Mrs Mhlongo) a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin, ''Hlala Kwabafileyo'', kuma a matsayin Sis May a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, ''S'gudi S'naysi'', gaban Joe Mafela.<ref name="st" /> ==Tarihin rayuwa== An haifi Hlomuka a [[Durban]], Afirka ta Kudu, amma ta girma a KwaMashu a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata. ==Wasan fim== Ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a Durban a shekarar 1968, kuma an ɗauke ta a matsayin mai goyon bayan marubucin Durban, Barka da Msomi. <ref name="st" /> Kyaututtukan gidan wasanninta na farko sun haɗa da wasanni a cikin wasannin kwaikwayo na Msomi guda biyu: ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'', wanda shine daidaitawar Zulu na ''Macbeth'' na William Shakespeare . <ref name="st" /> ''Umabatha ta'' zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Msomu. <ref name="st" /> Hlomuka ta yi aiki a wasannin rediyo na yaren Zulu a tsakanin wucin gadi tsakanin ''Qombeni'' da ''Umabatha'' . <ref name="sowetan" /> Ta bar Afirka ta Kudu a takaice a cikin shekarun 1970 don zagaya tare da 'yan wasan ''Ipi Tombi'' a [[Turai]]. A tsakanin shekarun 1960 zuwa 1970, rawar da ake nunawa akan allo ko dandamali ga 'yan wasan baƙar fata a Afirka ta Kudu galibi suna da wahalar samu saboda wariyar launin fata.<ref name="st" /> Hlomuka sau da yawa yana fitowa daga allo a matsayin ɗan wasan rediyo a cikin shahararrun jerin wasannin Zulu.<ref name="st" /> ===Nasara=== Hlomuka a ƙarshe ta sami nasara a gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarun 1980 lokacin da aka jefa ta a matsayin MaMhlongo a cikin jerin shirye ''-shiryen talabijin mai ban mamaki, Hlala Kwabafileyo'' . Ta hali, MaMhlongo, ya matar da mijinta ya mutu ta na mai arziki tycoon. <ref name="st" /> Har zuwa yau a Afirka ta Kudu, kalmar ''MaMgobhozi'', wacce ta samo asali daga jerin da halayyar Ruth Cele, ta bayyana halayen tsegumi da aka danganta mata. <ref name="st" /> ===fina-finai=== Ta kuma fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na 1980, S'gudi S'naysi, a gaban fitaccen jarumi, Joe Mafela. Mafela ya kwatanta mai haya, S'dumo. Hlomuka hali, Sis May, ita ce S'dumo mai kyakkyawar niyya, mai gida mai haƙuri. Jerin ya shahara yayin gudanar da shi. Fim ɗin Hlomuka da lambar yabo ta talabijin sun kai shekarun 1980, 1990 da 2000 (shekaru goma). Ta fito a fim ɗin 1995, ''Soweto Green'' a matsayin baiwa da mai aikin gida mai suna Tryphina, gaban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo John Kani . Ta kuma ta fito a matsayin Sarauniya Ntombazi a cikin ministocin gidan talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu na 1986, Shaka Zulu . Ta kuma yi tauraro akan jerin SABC 1 Gugu no Andile, a matsayinta na goggo. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin ''na 1996, Tarzan: The Epic Adventures'' . <ref name="st" /> Sabbin rawar da ta taka kwanan nan sun haɗa da ''Rhythm City'', da kuma rikice -rikicen yaren Nguni na bala'in soyayya na Shakespearean, ''Romeo da Juliet'' . ==Dalilin Mutuwa== Daphney Hlomuka ya mutu ne sanadiyyar cutar [[Sankara|sankarar]] koda a asibitin Charlotte Maxeke da ke [[Johannesburg]] a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, shekarar 2008, tana da shekaru 59. Ta rasu ta bar mijinta, Elliot Ngubane, da 'ya'yansu huɗu. <ref name="st" /> == Hanyoyin waje == * {{IMDb name|id=0387226|name=Daphney Hlomuka}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka ta Kudu]] rb6aom33k0v65m6vszoknx51xt97l54 0 26443 165979 118750 2022-08-14T20:52:45Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Hakao Mbedu''' (an haife ta 8 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1991) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ƴar Afirka ta Kudu. An ba ta lambar yabo don lambar yabo ta Emmy saboda rawar da ta taka a telenovela ''Is'Thunzi'' . <ref>[http://ewn.co.za/2017/09/27/sa-actress-thuso-mbedu-gets-international-emmy-nominationSA actress Thuso Mbedu gets International Emmy nomination]</ref> Ta kuma buga Kitso Medupe a wasan opera scandal<ref>[http://www.news24.com/MoveMag/Archive/thuso-mbedu-on-how-she-made-it-against-all-odds-20170728 Thuso Mbedu on how she made it against all odds]</ref> Nosisa a ''Isibaya'', da Boni Khumalo a cikin ''Waliyyai da Masu Zunubi'' . A cikin shekarar 2021, ta yi tauraro a matsayin babban jagora a cikin jerin iyakantattun jerin Bidiyo na Amazon ''The Underground Railroad ,'' kuma za ta kuma yi tauraro tare da Viola Davis a cikin tarihin tarihi ''mai zuwa The Woman King'', wanda Gina Prince-Bythewood ya jagoranta . == HakaoRayuwar farko == An haifi Soo Nokwanda Mbedu a Pelham, gundumar Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal. Kakarta ce wacce ta kasance mai kula da ita bayan da iyayenta suka mutu tun suna ƙarama. Lokacin da Mbedu tana da shekaru goma sha takwas, ta halarci Jami'ar Witwatersrand (Wits), inda ta karanci Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Jiki da Gudanar da Ayyukan Fasaha, wanda ya sa ta kammala karatun ta cikin girmamawa. A cikin 2012, ta halarci Stella Adler Studio na Acting a New York City, Amurka. == Sana'a == [[File:Thuso_Mbedu_as_Ipeleng_on_MTV_Shuga_January_2019.png|left|thumb|167x167px| Soo Mbedu a matsayin Ipeleng akan MTV Shuga]] A ƙarshen 2014 tayi fitowa ta musamman a kakar wasa ta biyu na Mzansi Magic ''soapie Isibaya'', kafin ta sauka matsayinta na ɗalibin aikin jarida da ɗan daji Kitso akan ''Scandal!'' . Daga nan ta sami matsayin baƙo a matsayin Kheti a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na matasa na SABC 2 ''Snake Park'' . Bayan rashin aikin yi na tsawon watanni shida, Sooo ta fara taka rawa ta farko a talabijin a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayon ''Matasa'' Magic na Is'Thunzi, wanda ya fara a watan Oktoba 2016. A cikin jerin abubuwan da ta buga Winnie, mai shiga tsakani wanda ke mafarkin yin aure da shahararren ɗan wasan rugby kawai don burge mafarkinta lokacin da aka fitar da ita don yin rayuwa tare da ƙanwar mahaifiyarta a Bergville, KwaZulu-Natal. Yayin da take yin fim na fyade don wasan kwaikwayon, ta gamu da fargaba. A watan Satumbar 2017 an ba ta lambar yabo don lambar yabo ta Emmy ta Duniya a cikin Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka ta wata ƴar wasa saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin Winnie a ''Is'Thunzi'' kuma ita ce kawai' yar Afirka da aka zaɓa a waccan shekarar. Ta fara halarta na farko a duniya a cikin jerin takaitaccen tarihin tarihin Bidiyo na Amazon <nowiki><i id="mwXg">The Underground Railroad</i></nowiki>, dangane da labari na wannan sunan ta Colson Whitehead . Jerin shirye -shiryen ne kuma mai zartarwa wanda wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta Academy Barry Jenkins ya samar . A watan Afrilu na 2021, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro tare da Viola Davis a cikin ''The Woman King'', wani fim mai ban mamaki na tarihi wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa ga abubuwan da suka faru na gaskiya a cikin Masarautar Dahomey, ɗaya daga cikin manyan jihohin Afirka a cikin Karni na 18 da 19. A fim da aka kafa da za a wanda ya bayarda aumarni da Gina Prince-Bythewood, daga wani rubutun da ''Ubanci'' co-marubuci Dana Stevens . A watan Agustan 2021 Kamar haka Soo ya karɓi Kyautar Ƙungiyar Masu sukar Hollywood don Star Breakout Star saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin Cora Randall a cikin Jirgin ƙasa. == Fina-finai == === Fim === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Shekara ! Taken ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | TBA | ''Sarkin Mace'' | TBA | TBA |} == Kyaututtuka da Tantancewa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Ƙungiyar ! Nau'i ! Ayyukan da aka zaɓa ! Sakamakon |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | DSTV Viewers Choice Awards | Mafi Actress | rowspan="5" | ''Is'Thunzi'' |{{Nom}} |- | Emmy Awards na Duniya | Mafi Kyawun Ayyukan Jaruma|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Kyaututtukan Fim da Talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu | Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na TV |{{Won}} |- | Emmy Awards na Duniya | Mafi Kyawun Ayyukan Jaruma|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | Kyaututtukan Fim da Talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu | Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na TV|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2021 | Babban darajar TCA | Nasarar Mutum a cikin Wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="3" | ''Jirgin karkashin kasa'' |{{Pending}} |- | Kyautar Black Reel | Fitacciyar Jarumar, Fim din TV/Jerin Iyaka |{{Pending}} |- | Hollywood Critics Association TV Awards | Mafi kyawun Jaruma a cikin Jerin Iyaka, Jerin Anthology, ko Fim ɗin Talabijin|{{Pending}} |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata Mawaka]] [[Category:Mata yan fim]] fk5nyteb670mybrxcjxo8xl6aqqu954 0 26985 166121 122932 2022-08-15T07:46:52Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Death for Sale''''' (Hausa: Mutuwar Sayarwa'') fim ne na 2011 wanda Faouzi Bensaïdi ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{IMDb title|2043822}}</ref> An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin wanda za'a ba kyauta ta Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje gasar Oscar ta 85th Academy Awards, amma bai zo a jerin sunayen ƙarshe ba. == Labari == Labarin matasa da ke tafiya a ƙarƙashin sararin samaniyar Tetouan, wani birni a arewacin Maroko. Malik, Allal da Soufiane, ƙananan ƴan laifuka ne, waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin gujewa rayuwa ta talauci da abin duniya. Babu ɗayansu da ya sami mafita: Malik yana ƙaunar karuwa mai suna Dounia kuma don taimaka mata ta yarda da aiki tare da insifeton ɗan sanda, Allal ya tura kwayoyi kuma ya sa 'yan sanda su yi zafi sosai, Soufiane ya huce haushinsa ta hanyar rungumar dalilin. na tsatstsauran ra'ayi. Abokan ukun sun yanke shawarar ƙoƙarin yin aiki a cikin kayan ado don dama ta ƙarshe. <ref>[http://www.festivalcinemaafricano.org/eng/index.php?pag=vis_film&id_film=839 African, Asian and Latin American Film Festival - Milan] - 22nd edition ([http://www.festivalcinemaafricano.org license CC BY-SA])</ref> ==`Yan wasa== == Kyauta == * Bikin Fim na Duniya na Berlin 2012 * Bikin Fim na Brussels 2012 * Bikin Fim na Ƙasar Moroko 2012 == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|2043822|Death for Sale}} [[Category:Fina-finai]] 68lfwqujtnumrto6xp0zfp3kyw5qtr5 0 27143 165950 123709 2022-08-14T17:16:48Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Don yin shiru, je sens rouler la terre''''' fim ne da akayi akan (labarin gaskiya) ne na shekarar 2010. == Takaitaccen bayani == A cikin 1939, ƙarshen Yaƙin basasa na Spain ya tilastawa dubban maza da mata da yara ƙaura daga Faransanci na Faransa . Gwamnatin Faransa a [[Aljeriya|Aljeriya ta]] bude sansanonin ƴan gudun hijira domin shigar da su. Bayan shekaru saba'in, wani matashi dan kasar Aljeriya yayi bincike a baya. Duk da rashin wuraren adana bayanai da fayiloli, alamun waɗannan sansanonin sun tsira daga mantawa da su kuma har yanzu suna bayyana a Aljeriya na yanzu. ==`Yan wasa== == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|1806864}} * {{RefFCAT|833}} {{dead link|date=June 2019}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Sinima a Afrika]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] h466xlw4pjil3wim0mrntagdmdhhqvg 0 27145 166117 123727 2022-08-15T07:35:17Z BnHamid 12586 /* Nassoshi */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Ranakun Girma''''' (Yan Asalin بلديون) Fim ne na Faransa a 2006 wanda Rachid Bouchareb ya ba da umarni. Simintin ya haɗa da Sami Bouajila, Jamel Debbouze, Samy Naceri, Roschdy Zem, Mélanie Laurent da kuma Bernard Blancan . Fim din yana magana ne game da gudummawar da sojojin Arewacin Afirka suka bayar ga Sojojin Faransa masu 'yanci a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]] da kuma, a cikin takaddama, tare da nuna bambanci. Fitar da fim ɗin ya ba da gudummawa wajen amincewa da wani ɓangare na haƙƙin fansho na sojoji daga tsoffin mallakar Faransa da gwamnatin Faransa ta yi. <ref name="lat">[http://www.calendarlive.com/printedition/calendar/cl-et-days6dec06,0,4303771.story 'Days of Glory' MOVIE REVIEW - Los Angeles Times], [[Kenneth Turan]], December 6, 2006, retrieved 2007-03-30</ref> Jamel Debbouze, Samy Naceri, Roschdy Zem, Sami Bouajila da kuma Bernard Blancan duk sun lashe kyautar ''Prix d'interprétation'' a 2006 Cannes Film Festival saboda wasan kwaikwayo, kuma fim din ya lashe kyautar François Chalais . An kuma zaɓi shi don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje . == Makirci == A cikin Faransa ta Arewacin Afirka a cikin 1943 an dauki mutane da yawa daga mallakar Faransa a ketare a cikin Sojojin Faransa na Farko na Sojojin Faransa masu ' Yanci don yin yaki tare da sauran kawancen kawancen Nazi Jamus da 'yantar da Faransa daga mamayar . The sojojin kunshi biyu main abubuwa: ''pieds-noirs'', cewa shi ne mutane na kagaggun Turai zuriya, kuma ''<nowiki/>'yan asalin,'' wadanda daga kagaggun Afirka lõkacin saukarsa. "Indigènes" sun ƙunshi manyan ƙungiyoyi uku: Aljeriya, Moroccan (wanda aka sani da ''goumiers )'' da kuma sojoji daga yankin Saharar Afirka . Saïd, makiyayin akuya matalauta, ya shiga RTA ta bakwai (Régiment de Tirailleurs Algériens). Tare da shi akwai wasu 'yan Algeria ciki har da Messaoud, wanda ke son yin aure ya zauna a Faransa, da Kofur Abdelkader mai ilimi, wanda ke neman daidaito da mazauna ga 'yan asalin kasarsa. Akwai kuma 'yan uwa biyu 'yan Morocco Yassir da Larbi, burin Yassir ya zama ganima domin Larbi ya samu damar yin aure. Ba da da ewa maza, ado a mafi yawa ara-haya American kayan hadu Saje Martinez, wani yaki-taurare ''pied-noir'', wanda basu horo su kafin ya shugabance su a kan su na farko alkawari da Jamus a Italiya . Manufar su ita ce kama wani dutse da ke da kariya sosai, amma ba da jimawa ba za a fahimci cewa kwamandan Faransa na amfani da su a matsayin abincin dabbobi don gano wuraren da ake hari da bindigogi. Sojojin mulkin mallaka sun yi nasara a ƙarshe, tare da asarar hasara mai yawa. Lokacin da wakilin Faransa ya tambaye shi game da ra'ayinsa game da asarar da aka yi, Kanar na Faransa ya amsa, "yau babbar nasara ce ga Sojojin Faransa masu 'yanci". Dakarun RTA na 7 na gaba sun fara shirin Operation Dragoon, don kwato kudancin Faransa. <ref name="c4">[http://www.channel4.com/film/reviews/film.jsp?id=160750 Days of Glory (2006) Channel 4 Film review], retrieved 2007-03-30</ref> Yayin da yake cikin jirgin ruwa, wani mai dafa abinci na Faransa ya ƙi ba da tumatir ga sojojin ƴan ''asalin ƙasar.'' Abdelkader ya yi kira da a samar da daidaito, amma an kaucewa tashe-tashen hankula lokacin da Martinez da kyaftin din kamfanin suka yi alkawarin cewa za a yi wa kowa da kowa. Lokacin isa [[Marseille]], ana gaishe da sojojin mulkin mallaka a matsayin jarumai. Messaoud ya gana kuma ya gurfanar da Irène, wata Bafaranshiya, ya yi alƙawari lokacin da rundunar ta bar aikin zai rubuta kuma wata rana zai dawo. Tace zata jirashi zasuyi aure. Duk da haka, saboda tantance saƙon sojoji, Irène ba ta taɓa sanin makomar Messaoud ba. Saïd ya zama mai bin tsari na Martinez, wanda sauran sojoji ke kiransa "yarinya" kuma suna nuna cewa shi ɗan luwaɗi ne. Daga ƙarshe ya zaro ya riƙe wuƙa a makogwaron Messaoud. Abdelkader calms da halin da ake ciki, amma ya ce da ke sa shi share cewa a cikin wannan nuna wa mata banbanci duniya da Faransa hukumomi za a ba su mulkin mallaka da sojoji da wani abu. Da yake ganin hoton iyali a cikin kayan Martinez, yayin da yake shan ruwa tare da sajan Saïd, ya ambata cewa su biyun sun yi kama da juna biyu da uwa Balarabe. Hukumar NCO ta kai masa hari tare da yi masa barazanar kashe shi idan ya tona asirin. Sojojin mulkin mallaka sun gano cewa, yayin da ba a ba su izinin ba, ana barin membobin Faransa na Sojojin Faransa na 'Yanci su tafi gida. Daga karshe an ce mazan za su koma gida, amma yaudara ce; maimakon haka, ana billeted su a bayan layin kuma ana ba su wasan ballet . Cikin gundura da ruɗewa, yawancinsu suna barin alfarwa sun yi taro a waje suna nuna rashin adalci. Martinez ya kalubalanci ƙungiyar, karkashin jagorancin Abdelkader, kuma aka fara fada. Da sanyin safiya, Ƴan sandan sojan Faransa sun kai Messaoud wani shingen wucin gadi inda ake tsare da Abdelkader. Messaoud ya ce an kama shi ne saboda kokarin komawa Marseille ya nemo Irène. An gabatar da Abdelkader a gaban Kanar Faransa wanda ya gaya masa cewa yana bukatar shi ya tafi wani aiki na musamman: ya kai harsashi ga sojojin Amurka da ke yakin Lorraine Campaign sannan kuma ya kasance sojojin Faransa na farko da suka 'yantar da Alsace . Jami'in na Faransa ya yi alkawarin cewa Abdelkader da sauran sojojin mulkin mallaka za su sami lada da kuma sanin cewa nasara a wannan aiki za ta kawo. Daga baya, kyaftin din farar fata ya gaya wa kofur cewa Kanar zai cika alkawarinsa. Yayin da suke tsallaka layukan Jamus, akasarin mutanen sun mutu ne sakamakon wani tarko da suka hada da dan uwan Yassir, kuma Martinez ya samu munanan raunuka. Wadanda suka tsira galibi suna son komawa, amma Abdelkader ya tara su don ci gaba. Daga karshe kofur, Saïd, Messaoud, Yassir da wadanda suka jikkata sun isa kauyen Alsatian. A cikin 'yan kwanaki masu zuwa sojoji suka shiga cikin yankin kuma Saïd ya yi abota da wata mai shayarwa . Lokacin da rukunin Jamusawa suka isa ƙauyen, yaƙi ya barke. Messaoud ya ji rauni sosai sakamakon makamin roka na Panzerschreck sannan wani dan ƙasar Jamus ya harbe shi. Saïd yayi ƙoƙarin kwashe Martinez, amma Panzerschreck ya harbe su duka, inda suka kashe Saïd tare da kara raunata Martinez, wanda ya kare cikin sauri. Abdelkader da Yassir sun yi yunkurin guduwa, amma wani Bajamushe ya harbe Yassir a baya. Duk da haka, kamar yadda kofur ɗin ya kasance, ƙarin sojojin mulkin mallaka sun isa suka kori Jamusawa daga ƙauyen. Yayin da ginshiƙan sojojin Faransa na Free suka fara zagawa cikin yankin, Abdelkader ya ga Kanal ɗin yana wucewa a cikin motarsa kirar jeep, amma kwamandan Faransa ya yi watsi da shi, sai wani jami'in ma'aikaci ya ja shi ya tambaye shi inda rundunarsa take. Lokacin da Abdelkader ya ce duk sun mutu, kawai an tura shi wani NCO na Faransa. Yayin da yake fita daga ƙauyen, ya wuce wani mai ɗaukar hoto yana ɗaukar hotunan sojojin Faransa kawai da ke tsaye kusa da mutanen ƙauyen da aka kwato. Mutanen kauyen kuwa sun yabawa Abdelkader yayin da ya tafi. Fim ɗin daga nan ya ƙaura zuwa yau. Wani tsoho Abdelkader ya je makabartar yaki a Alsace don ziyartar kaburburan abokansa: Martinez, Saïd, Yassir da Messaoud. Daga nan sai ya koma ƙaramin falon da yake zaune a ƙasar Faransa ta zamani. Fim ɗin ya ƙare da taken cewa daga shekara ta 1959 fansho ga masu yi wa hidima daga ƙasashen waje na Faransa da ke zaune a Faransa ba su sami wani ƙari ba bayan ranar da ƙasarsu ta samu ƴancin kai. == Ƴan wasa == * Jamel Debbouze - Saïd Otmari * Samy Naceri - Yassir * Roschdy Zem - Messaoud Souni * Sami Bouajila - Abdelkader * Bernard Blancan - Sajan Roger Martinez * Mathieu Simonet - Caporal Leroux * Assaad Bouab - Larbi * Mélanie Laurent - ƙauyen Margueritte Vosges * Benoît Giros - Kyaftin Durieux * Thibault de Montalembert - Kyaftin Martin * Aurélie Eltvedt - Irène * Dioucounda Koma - Touré * Philippe Beglia - Rambert * Antoine Chappey - Kanal * Kalen Bushe - Kanal na biyu * Thomas Langmann - Dan jarida * Julie de Bona == Dacewar zamani == Duk da yake kowanne yana da nasa manufar, waɗannan ƴan asalin Afirka sun shiga yaƙin neman ƙasar Faransa da ba su taɓa gani ba. A cikin kalmomin ''Le Chant des Africains'', 'yan wasan kwaikwayo hudu na rera waka a cikin fim din, "mun fito daga yankunan da ke mulkin mallaka don ceton uwa, mun zo daga nesa don mutuwa, mu maza ne na Afirka." Fim ɗin ya nuna ƙayyadaddun kwatancen yadda ake bi da su a cikin ƙungiyar sojojin da ke nuna ƙyama ga Faransawa na Turai. <ref name="lat">[http://www.calendarlive.com/printedition/calendar/cl-et-days6dec06,0,4303771.story 'Days of Glory' MOVIE REVIEW - Los Angeles Times], [[Kenneth Turan]], December 6, 2006, retrieved 2007-03-30</ref> Ana ci gaba da nuna wariya da mahukuntan Faransa suka yi wa wadannan sojoji yayin da gwamnatocin Faransa da suka shude suka dakile kudaden fansho na wadannan tsofaffin 'yan asalin kasar a lokacin da kasashensu suka samu 'yancin kai. Bayanan rufe fim din sun nuna cewa, duk da hukuncin da aka yanke na cewa ya kamata a biya kudaden fansho gaba daya, gwamnatocin Faransa da suka shude tun shekara ta 2002 ba su yi haka ba. Bayan fitar da fim din ne aka sauya manufofin gwamnati don ganin an samu kudaden fansho na ƴan gwagwarmaya na kasashen waje daidai da abin da ake biyan tsoffin sojojin Faransa. Amma, ya zuwa 2010, ba a yi la’akari da fenshon yaƙi a kan kari ba (kusan shekaru 40). A shekara ta 2009, BBC ta buga shaidun da ke nuna cewa sojojin turawan mulkin mallaka - wadanda tare da sojojin arewacin Afirka da ke da kashi biyu bisa uku na sojojin Faransa masu 'yanci - an cire su da gangan daga rukunin da suka jagoranci ƙawance ƴantar da Paris a 1944. Janar Charles de Gaulle ya bayyana karara cewa yana son sojojin Faransa masu ƴanci su fara shiga babban birnin Faransa. Saboda haka rundunar kawance ta dage cewa a maye gurbin dukkan sojojin baƙaƙen fata da Turawa da na Arewacin Afirka daga wasu sassan Faransa. Kamar yadda masanin tarihi Julian Jackson ya bayyana, "Da zarar ƴan tawaye sun ci Vichyite Algeria, an ba de Gaulle damar zuwa can, a watan Mayu 1943. Yanzu [[Aljir|Algiers ya]] maye gurbin London da [[Brazzaville]] a matsayin babban birnin Faransanci na 'Yanci. Abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne cewa Aljeriya na ƙunshe da wani muhimmin tafki na sojojin arewacin Afirka. A karshen shekara ta 1942 jimillar sojojin de Gaulle ba su kai 50,000 ba, amma yanzu, a 1943, albarkacin Aljeriya, yana da sojoji kusan rabin miliyan. An fara jefa wannan runduna ta kabilanci da yawa a Italiya a shekara ta 1943 - ta yi yakin Monte Cassino - sannan ta sauka tare da Amurkawa a kudancin Faransa a watan Agustan 1944 ... An aika da 2nd Armored Division of Leclerc zuwa ... arewacin Faransa, - a cikin kalmomin wani babban janar na Amurka shi ne, 'kaɗaicin Faransanci wanda za a iya sanya 100% fari'. . . Ko da ba a yunƙurin de Gaulle ba ne, da alama bai yi adawa da wannan farin-wanke na matakin ƙarshe na almara na Faransanci na Kyauta ba. . . Faransawa sun yi saurin manta cewa saboda godiya ga sojojinsu na mulkin mallaka cewa suna da wani da'awar sake shiga yakin a 1944 a matsayin babban iko." <ref>Julian Jackson, BBC Radio Three, ''The Other Empire'' episode 3/5, first broadcast 14 September 2011</ref> == liyafa == === Amsa mai mahimmanci === ''Fim ɗin Days of Glory'' yana da ƙimar amincewa na 83% akan gidan yanar gizon mai tattara Tumatir Rotten Tumatir, dangane da sake dubawa na 86, da matsakaicin ƙimar 7.23/10. Muhimmiyar yarjejeniya ta gidan yanar gizon ta ce, " ''Ranakun ɗaukaka'' almara ne mai ƙarfi na tarihi wanda ke ba da girmamawa ga jiga-jigan gungun sojoji waɗanda aka manta da sadaukarwarsu da yawa". Hakanan yana da maki 82 cikin 100 akan Metacritic, bisa ga masu suka 25, yana nuna "yabo na duniya". === Kyauta === Jamel Debbouze, Samy Naceri, Roschdy Zem, Sami Bouajila da kuma Bernard Blancan sun lashe ''kyautar maza ta Prix d'interprétation'' a bikin Fim na Cannes na 2006 . An zabi fim ɗin don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje, amma ya ɓace ga ''Rayuwar Wasu'' . ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|id=0444182|title=Days of Glory}} * [https://archive.today/20120205211411/http://tadrart.com/tessalit/indigenes/home_gb.html Gidan Yanar Gizo na ''Kwanaki na Girma'' (Turanci)] * [http://www.channel4.com/more4/news/news-opinion-feature.jsp?id=567 Rahoton Labarai na 4 akan tasirin ''Ranakun ɗaukaka''] [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Sinima a Afrika]] [[Category:Shafuka masu Fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 28m8u3dsdcz91yd88wq8couwtjzxell 0 27320 165944 124644 2022-08-14T16:56:10Z Sugar112 18593 Gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Mother of George''''' fim ɗin Najeriya ne na shekar ta 2013 wanda ya bada umarni shine Andrew Dosunmu jaruman sun haɗa Isaach de Bankolé, Danai Gurira, Bukky Ajayi, Tony Okungbowa, Yaya Alafia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movie/mother-george/cast-crew|title=Mother of George - The Hollywood Reporter|website=www.hollywoodreporter.com|language=en|access-date=2017-03-06}}</ref> <ref name="Cartoon Brew">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cartoonbrew.com/biz/little-minx-delivers-tom-clancys-ghost-recon-alpha-for-ubisoft-62999.html|title=Little Minx Delivers "Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon Alpha" for Ubisoft|date=2012-05-16|work=Cartoon Brew|access-date=2017-03-06|language=en-US}}</ref> == Sauran gidajen yanar gizo == * {{IMDb title|2094890|Mother of George}} [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] jdlzgh8ul91nawlnll8qgj6eigk0vfx 0 29157 166110 147283 2022-08-15T07:20:40Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=David Pizarro|clubs8=[[Santiago Wanderers]]|goals5=9|years6=2012|clubs6=→ [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] (loan)|caps6=5|goals6=1|years7=2012–2015|clubs7=[[ACF Fiorentina|Fiorentina]]|caps7=83|goals7=4|years8=2015–2016|caps8=9|clubs5=[[A.S. Roma|Roma]]|goals8=0|years9=2017–2018|clubs9=[[Club Universidad de Chile|Universidad de Chile]]|caps9=52|goals9=5|totalcaps=494|totalgoals=37|nationalyears1=1999–2015|nationalteam1=[[Chile national football team|Chile]]|nationalcaps1=46|nationalgoals1=2|caps5=148|years5=2006–2012|image=Universidad de Chile - Deportes Antofagasta, 2018-03-04 - David Pizarro - 02.jpg|caps1=41|caption=Pizarro with [[Club Universidad de Chile|Universidad de Chile]] in 2018|fullname=David Marcelo Pizarro Cortés|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1979|9|11|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Valparaíso]], Chile|height=1.68 m<ref>[http://www.santiagowanderers.cl/seccion/85/volantes.html Volantes Santiago Wanderers]</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Santiago Wanderers]]|years1=1997–1998|clubs1=[[Santiago Wanderers]]|goals1=3|goals4=1|years2=1999–2005|clubs2=[[Udinese Calcio|Udinese]]|caps2=126|goals2=14|years3=2001|clubs3=→ [[Club Universidad de Chile|Universidad de Chile]] (loan)|caps3=6|goals3=1|years4=2005–2006|clubs4=[[Inter Milan]]|caps4=24|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{CHI}}}} {{Medal|3rd|[[Summer Olympic Games|Summer Olympics]]|[[Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2000]]}} {{Medal|W|[[Copa América]]|[[2015 Copa América|2015]]}}}} '''David Marcelo Pizarro Cortés''' (an haife shi ranar11 ga watan Satumba, 1979). tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne, ɗan ƙasar Chile mai [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ritaya]] wanda ya taka leda a ƙarshe a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Chilean Primera División Universidad de Chile. Yawancin lokaci ana tura shi a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na tsakiya, ko da yake yana iya aiki a matsayin mai rikewa a gaban layin baya, a cikin wani wuri mafi kai hari a cikin rami a bayan 'yan wasan, ko ma a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo mai zurfi. Dan wasa haziki kuma mai hazaka, wanda ke da karfin jiki duk da karancin girmansa, da kuma ikon yin wasa a tsakiyar fili, Pizarro an san shi musamman saboda hangen nesansa, kewayon wucewa, kwarewar dribbling, da iyawa daga saiti. ==Aikin kwallo== Pizarro ya fara aikinsa a Chile tare da Santiyago Wanderers, kuma daga baya kuma ya taka leda a Universidad de Chile a kasarsa. Daga baya ya yi wasa da kungiyoyin Italiya da dama, sannan kuma ya taka leda a matsayin aro da [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] ta Ingila a shekarar 2012, kafin ya koma Chile a shekarar 2015. A lokacin zamansa a kwallon kafa na Italiya, ya lashe gasar Seria A daya ( 2005 zuwa 2006 ), kofunan Coppa Italia guda uku da Supercoppa Italiana biyu, yayin da yake taka leda a Inter Milan da Roma ; Ya kuma taka leda a Udinese da Fiorentina a lokacin da yake Italiya. Laƙabin sa na Italiyanci shine " ''Pek'' ", wanda ya rage " ''pequeño'' ", ma'ana "ƙananan" a cikin Mutanen Espanya, saboda ɗan gajeren tsayinsa (mita 1.68). Pizarro ya taka leda a tawagar kasar Chile, inda ya ci lambar tagulla a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekara ta 2000, kuma ya taka leda a gasar Copa América guda biyu. Ya buga cikakken wasansa na farko a shekara ta 1999, inda ya buga gasar Copa América a waccan shekarar, kuma yana cikin tawagar kasar Chile wadda ta lashe gasar ta na farko a shekarar 2015 . ===Ritaya=== A watan Nuwamba, shekara ta dubu 2018, ya sanar da yin ritaya daga buga kwallon kafa. Wasansa na ƙarshe shine 2 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu 2018, a matsayin kyaftin na Universidad de Chile, da Curicó Unido. ==Duba Kuma== == Manazarta == e6qnmwqx7j09jewsiju444rzx73dsmx 0 29834 165952 138441 2022-08-14T17:25:18Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Sakhnenko Danylo''' ( dan kasar Ukraine; An haife shi a shekara ta 1875, Ekaterinoslav - ya mutu a shekara ta 1930, a Kharkiv) ma'aikacin gidan sinima ne na Ukraine kuma darektan fim.<ref>"110 лет назад в нашем городе был снят и показан первый полнометражный фильм". ''Gorod.dp.ua''. Retrieved 2022-01-21.</ref><ref>"Екатеринославские корни украинского кино". ''Днепр Инфо'' (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-01-21.</ref> Ya kwashe mafi yawan rayuwarsa a Ekaterinoslav. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya zauna a Mandrykivka (yankunan Ekaterinoslav). Sinima ta fada hannun kinopnitorner E. Zailer, wanda ya isa birnin tare da salon sinima na Parisa kuma ya kirkiro sinimar «Electrobioscope» a nan. A lokacin ginin «Bioscope» Zailer ya lura da wani wayayyen saurayi; Sakhnenko kuma nan da nan ya umurce shi da ya karkatar salon fim ɗin. Bayan rabin shekara, Sakhnenko ya samu wani aikin, sa'an nan - magabacin aikin. A shekara ta 1908, a cewar Arnold Cordyum, wakilin sanannen kamfanin Faransa "Brothers Pate and Co" (Pathé), lokacin da ya isa Ekaterinoslav, mutumin ya miƙa Sakhnenko don yin aiki a matsayin wakilin fim din a mujallar "Pate"., cewa ganin komai, san komai! ». Don yin wannan, an ba wa mai ba da rahoto tare da kyamarar fim, akwatunan fim da yawa da kuma ba da umarni. A wannan shekarar ne Sakhnenko ya yi fim game da barkewar cutar kwalara a cikin birnin. Lokacin da ya dauki fim din a kan Dnipro a cikin 1910 don kamfanin "Hanyar", ya karbi wasiƙar irin wannan abun ciki daga gare ta: "Farashin kayan da aka aika don shekara ta gabata yana rufe farashin cinemaarat, saboda haka, cirewa. na'ura ta tafi mallakin wakilin". Saboda haka Sakhnenko ya dauki bangare a cikin na farko shirin kamfanin Ukraine «South-Rasha Sinematographic Joint-Stock Company Sakhnenko, Shtolinin da Ко». ==Fagen fim== A 1911 a Ekaterinoslav nasa atelier «Family» da «South-Rasha Cinematographic Joint-Stock Company Sakhnenko, Shtolinin da Ко» suka kafa tarihin fim «Zaporizhzhya Sich» game da feat na Zaporozhian Cossacks da Koshtova Ataman Ivan Sulfurs a yaƙi da Taman Sulfurs. da Turkawa a karni na 17. Wannan shine fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Ukrainian. Hoton da aka yin fim tare da sa hannu na zuriyar The Zaporozhian Cossacks a kauyen Lotsmanska Kamianka (yanzu - wani ɓangare na Dnipro). An yiwa wannan wuri lakabi a matsayin mafi dacewa don yin fim, bincika kogin Dnipro a cikin tazara daga Katerynoslav zuwa Oleksandrivsk. A lokacin rani na 1911, hotuna da aka nuna a lokacin yawon shakatawa na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na M. Sadovskyi a Katerynoslav, yin fim mafi kyau na wasan kwaikwayo na tawagar - "Naimychka" I. Karpenko-Karogo da " Natalka Poltavka " I. Kotliarevskyi wanda Zankovetska ya fito a matsayin jarumin shirin (fim ya kasance a cikin akwatin ofishin har zuwa 1930). 1912 - fim din al'adu "Love of Andrew" ((labarin shirin dangane da "Taras Bulbа" na Mykola Hohol) da sauransu. 1913 - art film "Mazepa" (labarin shirin dangane da wake "Poltava" O. Pushkin). 1914 - fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Mykhailo Starytskyi ya samu karbuwa "Bohdan Khmelnytskyi". Bayan fama da gazawar kudi, masu hannun jari sun watsar da farfagandar fim na repertoire na gargajiya kuma sun fara cire wasan kwaikwayo na layi na biyu ( "Hrytsko Holopupenko", "Ta yaya na shiga!") da fina-finai tare da farfagandar soja, wanda a lokacin Duniya ta farko. an ware kuɗin kasafin kuɗi, kuma ya amintar da masana'antun daga haɗarin tattalin arziki. A cikin shekara ta 1920, Sakhnenko ya kasance ma'aikacin fim a matsayin soji na 1 kuma ya zauna a Rostov-on-Don. A cikin 1925 tare da M. Lider tare da fim din al'adu "The murder of the village correspondent Malynovskyi". Daga shekara ta 1925 ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci a cikin Central Laboratory of All-Ukrainian Photo Cinema Management ( Kharkiv ). == Abubuwan da ya bari == Daukakin bukukuwan fina-finai na Festival of Screen Arts "Dnipro-Cinema", wanda ake gudanar wa a Dnipro tun shekara ta 2004, daga 2008 aka canza masa suna Danylo Sakhnenko don karramawa. Hakanan ana ba da lambar yabo ta Sakhnenko a bikin. A cikin shekara ta 2010, kwafin ɗayan fina-finai 23 na D. Sakhnenko, wanda ya tsira gaba ɗaya, ya koma Dnipro. Wasan kwaikwayo ne mai sassa 4 "The poor man died in a military hospital" (1916, a ciki Sakhnenko dauki bangare a matsayin mai aiki). An adana ainihin aikin a cikin tarihin fina-finai da takardun hotuna a Krasnogorsk (yankin Moscow, kasar Russia). == Manazarta == <references /> [[Category:Darektocin fim na Ukraine]] [[Category:Mutane daga Dnipro]] [[Category:Mutuwar 1920]] [[Category:Haihuwar 1875]] 8tu43uhfzs6jhm974r9oi0zcbgpg8nq 0 30467 165920 140632 2022-08-14T14:00:12Z Mrymaa 13965 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Deforestation_in_Borneo.jpg|thumb|300x300px| Ana saran bishiyoyi a Kalimantan, yankin Indonesiya na Borneo, a cikin 2013, don samar da wani sabon aikin hakar kwal.]] An yi '''saran gandun daji a Borneo''' bisa ma'aunin masana'antu tun a shekarun alif 1960. [[Borneo]], tsibiri na uku mafi girma a duniya, wanda aka raba tsakanin [[Indonesiya|ƙasashen Indonesia]], [[Maleziya|Malaysia]] da [[Brunei]], ya taɓa rufe dazuzzuka dawurare masu zafi da na wurare na muhalli. A cikin shekarun ta alif1980 zuwa 1990, dazuzzukan na Borneo sun yi daidai da irin wani yanayi wanda ba a taba ganin irinsa ba a tarihin dan Adam, an kone su, an yi amfani da su da kuma share su, sannan aka maye gurbinsu da noma. An c gaba [[Gandun daji|da saran gandun daji]] tun cikin shekarun 2000 a hankali, tare da fadada gonakin dabino . Rabin sayan katako na wurare masu zafi na duniya na shekara-shekara daga Borneo ne. Manoman dabino suna cigaba da mamaye ragowar dajin na farko. Yawancin share gandun daji haramun ne. Asusun namun daji na duniya ya raba Borneo zuwa yankuna daban-daban ciki har da dazuzzukan dajin Borneo lowland wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan tsibirin, yana da fadin {{Convert|427500|km2}}, dazuzzukan fadama na Borneo, dazuzzukan Heath na ''Kerangas'' ko Sundaland, dazuzzukan fadama na kudu maso yammacin Borneo, da kuma Mangroves na Sunda Shelf . Dazuzzukan tsaunin Borneo yana kwance a tsakiyar tsaunukan tsibirin, sama da {{Convert|1000|m}} girma. Waɗannan yankuna suna wakiltar mazaunin ga yawancin nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari ; alal misali, orangutans, giwaye da ƙananan cututtuka irin su civet na Hose . Orangutan na Bornean ya kasance nau'in nau'in da ke cikin haɗari tun daga shekarata 2016. Kazalika mahimmancin Borneo wajen kiyaye rayayyun halittu da kuma matsayin iskar carbon, sannan dazuzzukan suna da ma'ana ga tsaron ruwa da ikon abinci ga al'ummomin yankunan ƴan asalin. == Malesiya Borneo == [[File:Malayasia_iko_2002169.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px| Hoton tauraron dan adam na dajin damina ya koma gonakin dabino . ]] Jihohin Malaysia na Sarawak da Sabah ( Malaysia Gabas ), a arewa, sun mamaye kusan kashi 26% na tsibirin. Yankin dazuzzukan a nan ya ragu da sauri saboda yawan saren katako na masana'antar plywood ta Malaysia. Masu binciken gandun daji guda biyu <ref>[http://www.forest.sabah.gov.my/ Sabah Forestry Department]. Forest.sabah.gov.my. Retrieved on 22 January 2012.</ref> na [https://web.archive.org/web/20090517014115/http://www.forest.sabah.gov.my/frc/English/index.html Cibiyar Bincike na Sepilok], Sandakan, Sabah a farkon shekarata 1980s sun gano bishiyoyi masu girma guda hudu da sauri da kuma ci gaba a kan tarin iri da kuma kula da ''Acacia mangium'' da ''[[Malaina|Gmelina arborea]]'', an dasa bishiyoyi masu saurin girma na wurare masu zafi a kan babban yanki.kuma yankunan da aka yi amfani da su a baya da kuma sare dazuzzuka musamman a arewacin tsibirin Borneo. ’Yan asalin ƙasar Malesiya sun sami tasiri ta hanyar yin katako ba tare da izininsu na kyauta, kafin da kuma sanar da su ba a cikin dazuzzukan kakanninsu . Sun yi amfani da zanga-zangar lumana da shawarwarin kafofin watsa labarun don wayar da kan jama'a game da haƙƙinsu na daji, tare da samun nasara. Sannan kuma Tambayoyi game da yadda kuma me yasa aka ba da lasisin shiga ba tare da yardar al'umma ba har yanzu ba a magance su ba. An kuma lalata dajin sosai daga gobarar dajin na shekarata 1997 zuwa 1998, wanda mazauna wurin suka fara share dazuzzukan don amfanin gona da kuma dawwamar da dazuzzuka na musamman a lokacin El Niño . A lokacin babbar gobara, ana iya ganin wurare masu zafi a kan hotunan tauraron dan adam kuma [[Rage iska mai nauyi (Haze)|hazo]] ya shafi kasashen da ke kewaye da [[Brunei]], [[Maleziya|Malaysia]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]] da [[Singafora|Singapore]] . A cikin Fabrairu shekarar 2008, gwamnatin Malaysia ta sanar da Sarawak Corridor na Renewable Energy shirin don girbi budurwoyi yankunan arewacin Borneo. Ana sa ran za a ci gaba da saran bishiyoyi da lalata halittun da suka hada da noman noma, da hukumar kula da itatuwa, madatsun ruwa, da sauran ma'adanai da albarkatu. == Indonesiya Borneo == [[File:Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Hanyar shiga da tasiri a Gabashin Kalimantan: gandun daji a hagu, dajin farko a dama]] Kimanin kashi 73% na tsibirin yanki ne na Indonesiya; sunan Indonesiya na tsibirin, Kalimantan, Kuma ana amfani da shi a cikin Ingilishi don nufin yankin da Indonesiya ke sarrafawa. Don yaƙar yawan jama'a a [[Java]], gwamnatin Indonesiya ta fara ƙaura mai yawa ( transmigrasi ) na manoma matalauta da manoma marasa ƙasa zuwa Borneo a cikin shekarata 1970s da 1980s, don yin noma a wuraren da aka yi amfani da su, duk da cewa ba a sami nasara ba yayin da aka kawar da haifuwar ƙasar tare da shi. Bishiyun da abin da ya rage ana wanke su a cikin ruwan sama na wurare masu zafi. An fara aikin Mega Shinkafa shekarata a 1996 a sassan kudancin Kalimantan. Manufar ita ce a mayar da hekta miliyan daya na "marasa amfanin gona" da kuma dajin fadamar da ba ta da yawan jama'a zuwa dajin shinkafa a wani yunƙuri na rage ƙarancin abinci a Indonesiya. Gwamnati ta ba da babban jari wajen gina magudanan ruwa da kawar da bishiyoyi. Aikin bai yi nasara ba, sannan kuma daga karshe an yi watsi da shi bayan ya yi barna mai yawa ga muhalli. Peat yaci daji na yamma a Kudancin Kalibantan wani sabon halin halitta ne wanda yake gida ga mutane da yawa na musamman kamar na Orangutans, har ma da rage-bushe da bishiyoyi masu mahimmanci. Kuma Dajin fadamar peat yanayi ne guda biyu, tare da itatuwan wurare masu zafi daban-daban suna tsaye akan 10 zuwa 12.&nbsp;m Layer na peat - wani juzu'in ruɓe da kayan shuka mai cike da ruwa - wanda hakanan ya rufe ƙasa maras haihuwa. Peat shine babban kantin sayar da carbon. Idan aka rushe kuma aka kone shi yana taimakawa wajen fitar da iskar CO <nowiki><sub id="mwdA">2</sub></nowiki>, ana la'akari da tushen [[Canjin yanayi|dumamar yanayi]] . <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110715014349/http://www.orangutantrop.com/research/researchsite/catchment.html Sabangau Forest]. orangutantrop.com</ref> [[File:Satellite_image_of_2015_Southeast_Asian_haze_-_20150924.jpg|left|thumb| Hoton tauraron dan adam na NASA yana nuna girman hazo na kudu maso gabashin Asiya na 2015 a ranar 24 ga Satumba 2015.]] Tashoshin ruwa, da tituna da layin dogo da aka gina don gandun daji na doka, sun buɗe yankin zuwa gandun daji ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. A cikin yankin MRP, murfin gandun daji ya ragu daga 64.8% a cikin shekarata 1991 zuwa 45.7% a cikin shekarata 2000, kuma an ci gaba da sharewa tun daga lokacin. Ya bayyana cewa a yanzu an kawar da kusan dukkanin itatuwan da ake iya sayar da su daga yankunan da jam'iyyar MRP ta rufe. Ya bayyana cewa tashoshi sun kwashe dazuzzukan peat maimakon ban ruwa. Inda dazuzzukan suka yi ta ambaliya har zuwa zurfin mita 2 a lokacin damina, a yanzu samansu ya bushe a kowane lokaci na shekara. Shiyasa Don haka gwamnati ta yi watsi da MRP, amma bushewar peat yana da rauni ga gobarar da ke ci gaba da tashi a kan gwargwado. <ref>Boehm, H-D.V. and Siegert, F. [http://www.crisp.nus.edu.sg/~acrs2001/pdf/126boehm.pdf Ecological Impact of the One Million Hectare Rice Project in Cantral Kalimantan, Indonesia, Using Remote Sensing and GIS]. (PDF) . Retrieved on 22 January 2012.</ref> Bayan magudanar ruwa, gobara ta mamaye yankin, inda ta lalata sauran gandun daji da namun daji tare da sabbin noma, tare da cika iskar da ke sama da Borneo da bayanta da hayaki mai yawa da hazo tare da sakin CO ₂ mai yawan gaske a sararin samaniya. Barnar ta yi mummunar tasiri ga rayuwar mutanen yankin. Ya haifar da manyan matsalolin kiwon lafiya masu alaƙa da hayaki a tsakanin mutane rabin miliyan, Kuma waɗanda ke fama da matsalolin numfashi. Lalacewar gandun daji na haifar da gurɓacewar sulfuric acid na koguna. A cikin lokutan damina, magudanan ruwa suna fitar da ruwan acidic tare da babban rabo na pyritic sulfate cikin koguna har zuwa 150.&nbsp;km sama daga bakin kogin. Wannan yana iya zama abin da ke ba da gudummawa ga raguwar kama kifi. Wani bincike na hadin gwiwa tsakanin Burtaniya da Indonesiya na masana'antar katako a Indonesia gaba daya a cikin 1998 ya nuna cewa kusan kashi 40% na kayan aikin katako ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma wanda darajarsa ta haura dala miliyan 365. <ref>Indonesia-UK Tropical Forestry Management Programme (1999) Illegal Logging in Indonesia. ITFMP Report No. EC/99/03</ref> Ƙididdiga na baya-bayan nan, kwatanta girbi na doka da sanannen amfani na cikin gida tare da fitar da kaya zuwa ketare, ya nuna cewa kashi 88% na saren itace a ƙasar haramun ne ta wata hanya. Malesiya ita ce mabuɗin ƙasar da ke jigilar kayayyakin itace daga Indonesia ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. <ref>Environmental Investigation Agency and Telepak (2004) ''Profiting from Plunder: How Malaysia Smuggles Endangered Wood''.</ref> == Shiga == [[File:Logging_trucks_in_Sarawak.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Motar sarewa a Sarawak, [[Borneo]] .]] Sake sare dazuzzuka a Borneo a tarihi ya yi kasa saboda kasa marar haihuwa, yanayi mara kyau, da kuma kamuwa da cututtuka. An fara sare itatuwa da gaske a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sashen gandun daji ya karu a shekarun 1970 yayin da Malaysia ta lalata dazuzzukanta, kuma tsohon shugaban kasar Indonesiya Suharto ya raba manyan gandun daji domin kulla alakar siyasa da hafsoshin sojojin kasar. Don haka, yin katako ya fadada sosai a cikin shekarun 1980, tare da hanyoyin sare-tsare da ke ba da damar shiga filaye masu nisa ga mazauna da masu ci gaba. Shiga Borneo a cikin shekarata 1980s da 1990s na daga cikin mafi girman da duniya ta taɓa gani, inda ake girbe itacen kubik 60 – 240 a kowace kadada fiye da mita 23 a kowace hekta a cikin Amazon . Misali a Kalimantan, kusan kashi 80% na }asashen da ke cikin }asa, sun je wurin baje kolin katako, gami da kusan duk dazuzzukan mangrove. Ya zuwa karshen shekarun 1980, ya bayyana a fili cewa Indonesiya da Malesiya na fuskantar matsalar tabarbarewar katako saboda yawan sare itatuwa. Bukatar masana'antar katako ta yi nisa da samar da katako a cikin Malaysia da Indonesia. == Gobara == Yawancin gobara a Borneo an saita su ne don dalilai na share fage. Yayin da gwamnatin Indonesiya a tarihi ta zargi kananan masu noma da laifin gobara, asusun namun daji na duniya ya lura cewa taswirar tauraron dan adam ya bayyana cewa ci gaban kasuwanci don jujjuya filaye mai girma - musamman ma gonakin dabino - shi ne mafi girman sanadin bala'in shekarata 1997- 1998 gobara. A yau ana ci gaba da samun gobara a duk shekara don share filaye a yankunan noma da dazuzzukan da suka lalace. Lokacin da yanayi ya bushe, waɗannan gobara na iya bazuwa cikin sauƙi zuwa ƙasar dazuzzuka da ke kusa kuma ta ƙone ba tare da kulawa ba. Ana ci gaba da samun yawaitar tashin gobara da tabarbarewar harkokin siyasa a yankin. Kasashen dake makwabtaka da kasar musamman Malaysia da Singapore na zargin Indonesia da kasa shawo kan gobarar. Bi da bi, ƙasar Indonesia na zargin kamfanonin Malaysia da fara da yawa daga cikin gobarar don aikin share filaye. Akwai bukatar a samar da dawwamammen kula da albarkatun dazuzzukan, Kuma musamman a fannin sare itatuwa. To Amma domin hakan ya tabbata, akwai bukatar a gane cewa kariya da kiyaye gandun daji ba su ke hannun Indonesia da/ko Malaysia kadai ba. Ba daidai ba ne a ɗauka cewa ƴan ƙasashen da ke fama da lamuni masu yawa waɗanda ke ɗauke da mafi yawan sauran dazuzzukan ruwan sama ya kamata su ɗauki alhakin samar da wannan abin dogaro ga al'umma da hannu ɗaya. <ref>Todaro, M. P., & Smith S. C. (2009). The Environment and Development. In Todaro, M. P., & Smith S. C. (10th Ed) Economic Development (pp. 483–529). Essex: Pearson Education Limited.</ref> Wani yunƙuri ne na duniya don kare gandun daji wanda hakan zai taimaka wajen magance matsalolin ci gaban Indonesiya da Malaysia dangane da dajin Borneo. == Dake dazuzzuka == Kwanan nan wani aikin sake dazuzzuka a Gabashin Kalimantan ya ba da rahoton wasu nasarori. Gidauniyar Tsira ta Borneo Orangutan (BOS), wanda Dr Willie Smits ya kafa, ta sayi kusan hekta 2,000 na [[Gandun daji|barnatar dazuzzuka]] a Gabashin Kalimantan da ta sha fama da saren katako, fari da gobara mai tsanani kuma an rufe ta da ciyawa alang-alang ( [[Tofa (shuka)|Imperata cylindrica]] ). . Sannna kuma Manufar ita ce a maido da dazuzzukan da kuma samar da mafaka ga 'yan Orangutan da aka gyara yayin da a lokaci guda samar da hanyar samun kudin shiga ga mutanen yankin. An ba wa aikin suna Samboja Lestari, wanda a zahiri ke fassara a matsayin "ma'auni na har abada na Samboja".{{Coord|1|2|44|S|116|59|15|E}} Gyaran gandun daji da gyare-gyare shine jigon aikin, tare da dasa ɗaruruwan nau'ikan 'yan asali. A tsakiyar shekara ta 2006 an shuka nau'ikan bishiyoyi daban-daban sama da 740. A cikin dajin na Lamandau, gidauniyar Orangutan ta dasa itatuwa sama da 60,000 a matsayin wani bangare na Shirin Maido da Daji. An dasa wadannan tsire-tsire ne domin sake dazuka da sake farfado da wuraren da gobara ta lalata. == Duba wasu abubuwan == == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://news.mongabay.com/2005/0413-tina_butler.html mongabay.com] - Kalimantan a Mararraba: Dipterocarp Forests da makomar Indonesiya Borneo * [http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/borneo_forests/news/?19930/Borneos-wildlife-threatened-by-illegal-trade-and-deforestation WWF] – Namun daji na Borneo na fuskantar barazana ta haramtacciyar fatauci da sare dazuka * [http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/11/borneo/white-text "Lokacin Gaskiya na Borneo"] National Geographic * [http://www.ted.com/talks/willie_smits_restores_a_rainforest.html Maganar TED.com TED: "Willie Smits ya dawo da dajin ruwan sama"] * [http://www.mongabay.com/borneo.html Mongabay: Borneo] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p7yem7t693hwij3dyf1dt0c8f6mtrs9 0 32709 165936 157476 2022-08-14T15:55:42Z 105.112.208.72 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Samuel Kporaro | native_name = | native_name_lang = | honorific_suffix = | image = | image_size = | image_upright = | smallimage = <!--if this is specified, "image" should not be.--> | alt = | caption = |order = |office = |status = |term_start = |term_end = |predecessor = |successor = | post-nominals = | pronunciation = | birth_name = Akporaro Samuel | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1993|12|7|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] | baptised = | disappeared_place = | disappeared_status = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | burial_place = | burial_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = [[Lambunan Hauwa'u]] | nationality = [[Laberiya]] [[Najeriya]] | other_names = | citizenship = | education = • Digiri na farko | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Jihar Delta, Abraka]] | occupation = Banker <ref> [[Iyali|1 2 3]] realizing ones role to act based on character traits in the drama of real life. (July 27)|access-date=2022|</ref> | years_active = | era = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | home_town = [[Asaba-Assay|Asaba-Ase]] | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = | term = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = | criminal_charge = | criminal_penalty = | criminal_status = | spouse = | partner = | children = Femi, Remi, Samuelle (da kuma Samuel) | parents = | mother = Rosemary Oduah | father = Emmanuel Akporaro | relatives = [[Iyali Kporaro]] | family = | callsign = | awards = | website = | module = | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Samuel Kporaro''' (Haihuwa Disamba 7, 1993) hamshakin attajirin dan Najeriya ne, mai tasiri a kasuwa, kuma shine CEO na Kporaro Korporate<ref> [https://newscolony.com/celeb/samuel-kporaros-biography-fact-career-awards-net-worth-and-life-story|(January 20)|access-date=2022|</ref> ==Yarantaka== haifaffen Disamba 7^th a cikin shekara 1993, yaron na Echei quarters na garin [[Ase]]. Tun farko yankin Ase shi ne babban birnin [[Mutanen Isoko|Urhobo]] na gabacin mulkin mallaka. ==Iyali== Samuel soyayya yara <ref>Yin tsafi da yara, kwarewar Najeriya. Femi Eyiemi (Legit.ng Hausa). (July 7) |access-date=202?|</ref> musamman rungumarsu, ƙanƙanta da ƙuruciyarsu. Shi yaro ne a bayyanar da zamantakewa wanda ke tasiri sha'awar yara. A matsayin Kirista, Yana sane da haka 'Yara kyauta ne daga wurin Ubangiji, haihuwa lada ce daga Allah' (Psalm 127:3). ==Sana'a== Samuel kamar yadda masanin tattalin arziki ya cancanci yin aiki a fagen banki da kudi, kasuwanci, malami, da siyasa (suna da ilimin kasafin kuɗi da kayan aikin kuɗi), wanda ɗan kasuwa ya samu ta'aziyyar rashin nasarar dangantaka. yar tsafi mai hassada da son likitocin yara. <ref> [[BBC Hausa|British Empire|a b c]] the genesis of children guidance. British Broadcasting Corporation. (January 20)|access-date=2022|</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Stub}} hwtcvdqv82wyo8ja43hfgsja7l3zqyt 165983 165936 2022-08-14T20:56:45Z Saudarh2 14842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Samuel Kporaro | native_name = | native_name_lang = | honorific_suffix = | image = | image_size = | image_upright = | smallimage = <!--if this is specified, "image" should not be.--> | alt = | caption = |order = |office = |status = |term_start = |term_end = |predecessor = |successor = | post-nominals = | pronunciation = | birth_name = Akporaro Samuel | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1993|12|7|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] | baptised = | disappeared_place = | disappeared_status = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | burial_place = | burial_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = [[Lambunan Hauwa'u]] | nationality = [[Laberiya]] [[Najeriya]] | other_names = | citizenship = | education = • Digiri na farko | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Jihar Delta, Abraka]] | occupation = Banker <ref> [[Iyali|1 2 3]] realizing ones role to act based on character traits in the drama of real life. (July 27)|access-date=2022|</ref> | years_active = | era = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | home_town = [[Asaba-Assay|Asaba-Ase]] | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = | term = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = | criminal_charge = | criminal_penalty = | criminal_status = | spouse = | partner = | children = Femi, Remi, Samuelle (da kuma Samuel) | parents = | mother = Rosemary Oduah | father = Emmanuel Akporaro | relatives = [[Iyali Kporaro]] | family = | callsign = | awards = | website = | module = | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Samuel Kporaro''' (an haife shi 7 ga watan disamba, shekarar 1993) hamshakin attajirin dan Najeriya ne, mai tasiri a kasuwa, kuma shine CEO na Kporaro Korporate<ref> [https://newscolony.com/celeb/samuel-kporaros-biography-fact-career-awards-net-worth-and-life-story|(January 20)|access-date=2022|</ref> ==Yarantaka== haifaffen Disamba 7^th a cikin shekara 1993, yaron na Echei quarters na garin [[Ase]]. Tun farko yankin Ase shi ne babban birnin [[Mutanen Isoko|Urhobo]] na gabacin mulkin mallaka. ==Iyali== Samuel soyayya yara <ref>Yin tsafi da yara, kwarewar Najeriya. Femi Eyiemi (Legit.ng Hausa). (July 7) |access-date=202?|</ref> musamman rungumarsu, ƙanƙanta da ƙuruciyarsu. Shi yaro ne a bayyanar da zamantakewa wanda ke tasiri sha'awar yara. A matsayin Kirista, Yana sane da haka 'Yara kyauta ne daga wurin Ubangiji, haihuwa lada ce daga Allah' (Psalm 127:3). ==Sana'a== Samuel kamar yadda masanin tattalin arziki ya cancanci yin aiki a fagen banki da kudi, kasuwanci, malami, da siyasa (suna da ilimin kasafin kuɗi da kayan aikin kuɗi), wanda ɗan kasuwa ya samu ta'aziyyar rashin nasarar dangantaka. yar tsafi mai hassada da son likitocin yara. <ref> [[BBC Hausa|British Empire|a b c]] the genesis of children guidance. British Broadcasting Corporation. (January 20)|access-date=2022|</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Stub}} 7af46e784e9r0fij196sq0vitktvnlj 0 33210 166106 153218 2022-08-15T07:07:01Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Data box David Medayese Jemibewon}} '''David Medayese Jemibewon''' wanad aka sani da '''David Jamebiwon''' (an haife shi ranar 20 ga watan Yuli, 1940). Manjo Janar ne na sojan Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya taɓa zama gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar jihar Western a yanzu (Agusta 1975 - Maris 1976) a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Murtala Muhammed, gwamnan jihar Oyo bayan ta. An kirkiro shi ne daga wani bangare na tsohuwar Jihar Yamma (Maris 1976 - Yuli 1978) lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, kuma daga baya ya zama ministan harkokin 'yan sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo bayan komawar mulkin dimokradiyya (1999) zuwa 2000). Ya kasance dan takarar Sanatan Kogi ta Yamma a [[jihar Kogi]].<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/general-david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Haihuwa dA Karatu== An haifi Jemibewon ne a ranar 20 ga Yulin 1940 a Iyah-Gbedde a karamar hukumar Ijumu ta jihar Kogi. Ya yi karatu a [[Najeriya]], Ingila, da Amurka. Ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Jagunmolu na Ibadan, Jihar Oyo. Shi dan kabilar Okun. <ref>https://www.wikiwand.com/en/David_Jemibewon</ref> ==Aikin soja== Jemibewon shi ne babban hafsan kwamandan runduna ta farko. A watan Agustan 1975 aka nada shi gwamnan jihar Yamma ya maye gurbin [[Akintunde Aduwo]], wanda ya yi kwanaki 30 kacal. A cikin Maris 1976 aka raba Jihar Yamma a Ogun, Ondo da Oyo . Jemibewon ya ci gaba da zama gwamnan jihar Oyo. Daga baya ya zama Adjutant Janar na Sojojin Najeriya. ==Ritaya Daga Akin Soja== Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja Jemibewon ya sami digiri a fannin shari'a a jami'ar Legas. Sannan ya bude aikin shari'a mai nasara. Ya kuma shiga harkar cinikin dabino. A lokacin da aka tuhumi Obasanjo tare da yanke masa hukunci bisa zarginsa da hannu wajen juyin mulki a shekarar 1995, Jemibewon da Janar [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma]] sun yi nasarar yi wa shugaban mulkin soja Janar [[Sani Abacha]] addu’a a madadinsa. Jemibewon ya kasance shugaban kwamitin rubuta kundin tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar PDP a shekarar 1998 a lokacin shirye-shiryen zaben [[dimokradiyya]] na 1998/1999 wanda ya kawo jamhuriya ta hudu ta [[Najeriya]]. An nada shi ministan harkokin ‘yan sanda a majalisar ministoci ta farko ta [[Obasanjo]] a watan Yunin 1999, ya gabatar da wani shiri na tsawon shekaru biyar na kwato ‘yan sanda, inda ya kara jami’an ‘yan sanda 33,000, da kafa hukumar kula da ‘yan sandan Najeriya, da kuma baiwa ‘yan sanda kayan aikin da za su iya jurewa wannan aiki. na cikin gida tsaro. da yake magana a madadin Obasanjo a wajen taron yaki da cin hanci da rashawa karo na 9 a kasar Afrika ta Kudu, a watan Disambar 1999, David Jemibewon ya shaida wa taron cewa, “domin dorewar dimokuradiyya, dole ne mu ci gaba da kai wa jama’a kaikayi da idanu masu kwadayi har zuwa lokacin. Wajibi ne masu rike da madafun iko su zama masu hisabi ga jama’a.” A gabanin zaben Sanata mai wakiltar Kogi ta Yamma a watan Afrilun 2003, shi ne babban dan takara da Tunde Ogbeha mai ci a jam’iyyar PDP. Bai yi nasara ba a takarar, kuma Ogbeha ya ci gaba da zabensa a karo na biyu. Sai dai ya ci gaba da zama dan PDP kuma mamba a kwamitin amintattu na PDP. <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/insurgency-need-military-training-youths-jemibewon/amp/</ref> A watan Agustan 2003 Jemibewon ya shiga cikin jerin sunayen daraktan EBS Nigeria, kamfanin da ba a san shi ba kafin Yuni 2006 lokacin da ya zama babban dan wasa a kwangilar Naira biliyan 2.5 na magungunan rigakafin cutar daga Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Tarayya.Shi ne mai kula da Jemibewon International Academy, makarantar kwana na hadin gwiwa da ke kilomita 20 a kan babbar hanyar Kabba-Ilorin, wadda Bishop din Katolika na Lokoja Diocese, Most Rev. Dr Martin Olorunmolu.<ref>https://www.insideoyo.com/president-buhari-greets-ex-oyo-military-governor-gen-david-jemibewon-at-80/david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Manazarta== g45oze7g7o85hgtfjyzsdw5trmbc9yv 166107 166106 2022-08-15T07:14:43Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Data box David Medayese Jemibewon}} {{Infobox person |name=David Jamebiwon |occupation=[[Soja]], [[Dan Siyasa]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active=2010 har wayau |alma mater=Najeria, Ingila, Amurika. |image= |education=[[Almajiranci]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Ijumu]], [[Jihar Kogi]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date=20 ga watan Yuli, 1940 |birth_name=David |Ethinic=Kabilar Okun |website= }} '''David Medayese Jemibewon''' wanad aka sani da '''David Jamebiwon''' (an haife shi ranar 20 ga watan Yuli, 1940). Manjo Janar ne na sojan Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya taɓa zama gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar jihar Western a yanzu (Agusta 1975 - Maris 1976) a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Murtala Muhammed, gwamnan jihar Oyo bayan ta. An kirkiro shi ne daga wani bangare na tsohuwar Jihar Yamma (Maris 1976 - Yuli 1978) lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, kuma daga baya ya zama ministan harkokin 'yan sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo bayan komawar mulkin dimokradiyya (1999) zuwa 2000). Ya kasance dan takarar Sanatan Kogi ta Yamma a [[jihar Kogi]].<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/general-david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Haihuwa dA Karatu== An haifi Jemibewon ne a ranar 20 ga Yulin 1940 a Iyah-Gbedde a karamar hukumar Ijumu ta jihar Kogi. Ya yi karatu a [[Najeriya]], Ingila, da Amurka. Ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Jagunmolu na Ibadan, Jihar Oyo. Shi dan kabilar Okun.<ref>https://www.wikiwand.com/en/David_Jemibewon</ref> ==Aikin soja== Jemibewon shi ne babban hafsan kwamandan runduna ta farko. A watan Agustan 1975 aka nada shi gwamnan jihar Yamma ya maye gurbin [[Akintunde Aduwo]], wanda ya yi kwanaki 30 kacal. A cikin Maris 1976 aka raba Jihar Yamma a Ogun, Ondo da Oyo . Jemibewon ya ci gaba da zama gwamnan jihar Oyo. Daga baya ya zama Adjutant Janar na Sojojin Najeriya. ==Ritaya Daga Akin Soja== Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja Jemibewon ya sami digiri a fannin shari'a a jami'ar Legas. Sannan ya bude aikin shari'a mai nasara. Ya kuma shiga harkar cinikin dabino. A lokacin da aka tuhumi Obasanjo tare da yanke masa hukunci bisa zarginsa da hannu wajen juyin mulki a shekarar 1995, Jemibewon da Janar [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma]] sun yi nasarar yi wa shugaban mulkin soja Janar [[Sani Abacha]] addu’a a madadinsa. Jemibewon ya kasance shugaban kwamitin rubuta kundin tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar PDP a shekarar 1998 a lokacin shirye-shiryen zaben [[dimokradiyya]] na 1998/1999 wanda ya kawo jamhuriya ta hudu ta [[Najeriya]]. An nada shi ministan harkokin ‘yan sanda a majalisar ministoci ta farko ta [[Obasanjo]] a watan Yunin 1999, ya gabatar da wani shiri na tsawon shekaru biyar na kwato ‘yan sanda, inda ya kara jami’an ‘yan sanda 33,000, da kafa hukumar kula da ‘yan sandan Najeriya, da kuma baiwa ‘yan sanda kayan aikin da za su iya jurewa wannan aiki. na cikin gida tsaro. da yake magana a madadin Obasanjo a wajen taron yaki da cin hanci da rashawa karo na 9 a kasar Afrika ta Kudu, a watan Disambar 1999, David Jemibewon ya shaida wa taron cewa, “domin dorewar dimokuradiyya, dole ne mu ci gaba da kai wa jama’a kaikayi da idanu masu kwadayi har zuwa lokacin. Wajibi ne masu rike da madafun iko su zama masu hisabi ga jama’a.” A gabanin zaben Sanata mai wakiltar Kogi ta Yamma a watan Afrilun 2003, shi ne babban dan takara da Tunde Ogbeha mai ci a jam’iyyar PDP. Bai yi nasara ba a takarar, kuma Ogbeha ya ci gaba da zabensa a karo na biyu. Sai dai ya ci gaba da zama dan PDP kuma mamba a kwamitin amintattu na PDP. <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/insurgency-need-military-training-youths-jemibewon/amp/</ref> A watan Agustan 2003 Jemibewon ya shiga cikin jerin sunayen daraktan EBS Nigeria, kamfanin da ba a san shi ba kafin Yuni 2006 lokacin da ya zama babban dan wasa a kwangilar Naira biliyan 2.5 na magungunan rigakafin cutar daga Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Tarayya.Shi ne mai kula da Jemibewon International Academy, makarantar kwana na hadin gwiwa da ke kilomita 20 a kan babbar hanyar Kabba-Ilorin, wadda Bishop din Katolika na Lokoja Diocese, Most Rev. Dr Martin Olorunmolu.<ref>https://www.insideoyo.com/president-buhari-greets-ex-oyo-military-governor-gen-david-jemibewon-at-80/david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Manazarta== f2aifas9nh2nql6g39hmmdxvuo003ya 166108 166107 2022-08-15T07:15:44Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Data box David Medayese Jemibewon}} {{Infobox person |name=David Jamebiwon |occupation=[[Soja]], [[Dan Siyasa]] |awards= |relations= |children= |spouse= |networth= |years_active= |alma mater=Najeria, Ingila, Amurika. |image= |education=[[Boko]] |nationality=Nigerian |birth_place=[[Ijumu]], [[Jihar Kogi]], [[Nigeria]] |birth_date=20 ga watan Yuli, 1940 |birth_name=David |Ethinic=Kabilar Okun |website= }} '''David Medayese Jemibewon''' wanad aka sani da '''David Jamebiwon''' (an haife shi ranar 20 ga watan Yuli, 1940). Manjo Janar ne na sojan Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya taɓa zama gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar jihar Western a yanzu (Agusta 1975 - Maris 1976) a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Murtala Muhammed, gwamnan jihar Oyo bayan ta. An kirkiro shi ne daga wani bangare na tsohuwar Jihar Yamma (Maris 1976 - Yuli 1978) lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, kuma daga baya ya zama ministan harkokin 'yan sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo bayan komawar mulkin dimokradiyya (1999) zuwa 2000). Ya kasance dan takarar Sanatan Kogi ta Yamma a [[jihar Kogi]].<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/general-david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Haihuwa dA Karatu== An haifi Jemibewon ne a ranar 20 ga Yulin 1940 a Iyah-Gbedde a karamar hukumar Ijumu ta jihar Kogi. Ya yi karatu a [[Najeriya]], Ingila, da Amurka. Ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Jagunmolu na Ibadan, Jihar Oyo. Shi dan kabilar Okun.<ref>https://www.wikiwand.com/en/David_Jemibewon</ref> ==Aikin soja== Jemibewon shi ne babban hafsan kwamandan runduna ta farko. A watan Agustan 1975 aka nada shi gwamnan jihar Yamma ya maye gurbin [[Akintunde Aduwo]], wanda ya yi kwanaki 30 kacal. A cikin Maris 1976 aka raba Jihar Yamma a Ogun, Ondo da Oyo . Jemibewon ya ci gaba da zama gwamnan jihar Oyo. Daga baya ya zama Adjutant Janar na Sojojin Najeriya. ==Ritaya Daga Akin Soja== Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja Jemibewon ya sami digiri a fannin shari'a a jami'ar Legas. Sannan ya bude aikin shari'a mai nasara. Ya kuma shiga harkar cinikin dabino. A lokacin da aka tuhumi Obasanjo tare da yanke masa hukunci bisa zarginsa da hannu wajen juyin mulki a shekarar 1995, Jemibewon da Janar [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma]] sun yi nasarar yi wa shugaban mulkin soja Janar [[Sani Abacha]] addu’a a madadinsa. Jemibewon ya kasance shugaban kwamitin rubuta kundin tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar PDP a shekarar 1998 a lokacin shirye-shiryen zaben [[dimokradiyya]] na 1998/1999 wanda ya kawo jamhuriya ta hudu ta [[Najeriya]]. An nada shi ministan harkokin ‘yan sanda a majalisar ministoci ta farko ta [[Obasanjo]] a watan Yunin 1999, ya gabatar da wani shiri na tsawon shekaru biyar na kwato ‘yan sanda, inda ya kara jami’an ‘yan sanda 33,000, da kafa hukumar kula da ‘yan sandan Najeriya, da kuma baiwa ‘yan sanda kayan aikin da za su iya jurewa wannan aiki. na cikin gida tsaro. da yake magana a madadin Obasanjo a wajen taron yaki da cin hanci da rashawa karo na 9 a kasar Afrika ta Kudu, a watan Disambar 1999, David Jemibewon ya shaida wa taron cewa, “domin dorewar dimokuradiyya, dole ne mu ci gaba da kai wa jama’a kaikayi da idanu masu kwadayi har zuwa lokacin. Wajibi ne masu rike da madafun iko su zama masu hisabi ga jama’a.” A gabanin zaben Sanata mai wakiltar Kogi ta Yamma a watan Afrilun 2003, shi ne babban dan takara da Tunde Ogbeha mai ci a jam’iyyar PDP. Bai yi nasara ba a takarar, kuma Ogbeha ya ci gaba da zabensa a karo na biyu. Sai dai ya ci gaba da zama dan PDP kuma mamba a kwamitin amintattu na PDP. <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/insurgency-need-military-training-youths-jemibewon/amp/</ref> A watan Agustan 2003 Jemibewon ya shiga cikin jerin sunayen daraktan EBS Nigeria, kamfanin da ba a san shi ba kafin Yuni 2006 lokacin da ya zama babban dan wasa a kwangilar Naira biliyan 2.5 na magungunan rigakafin cutar daga Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Tarayya.Shi ne mai kula da Jemibewon International Academy, makarantar kwana na hadin gwiwa da ke kilomita 20 a kan babbar hanyar Kabba-Ilorin, wadda Bishop din Katolika na Lokoja Diocese, Most Rev. Dr Martin Olorunmolu.<ref>https://www.insideoyo.com/president-buhari-greets-ex-oyo-military-governor-gen-david-jemibewon-at-80/david-jemibewon/</ref> ==Manazarta== p6zatyk62d5hp6h4szer0ajdyl55rpp 0 33487 166105 160756 2022-08-15T07:02:06Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''David Imonitie''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Afrilu 1954) tsohon ɗan wasan tennis ne ɗan Najeriya. ==Tarihin rayuwa== An haife shi a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], ==Aiki== Imonitie yana aiki a hukumar wasanni ta Najeriya kuma gwamnati ce ta dauki nauyin rangadin. Ya yi fice a gasar Lagos Open a shekarar 1979, inda ya yi nasara a kan Greg Halder da Peter Elter inda ya kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe. Ya kai zagaye na biyu na cancantar 1979 na gasar Wimbledon.<ref name=":0">Gordon, Jeff (24 July 1979). "Maryville is the second home for [[David Imonitie]]". St. Joseph News-Press</ref> Imonitie ya buga wasan tennis na kwaleji a Bearcats na Arewa maso yammacin Missouri. Ya kasance Ba-Amurke sau biyu kuma ya lashe taken taron MIAA guda hudu.<ref>[[David Imonitie]] Falls In Division I Play". The Maryville Daily Forum. 17 June 1975.</ref> Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Jihar Arizona.<ref name=":0"/> Sai a shekarar 1986 ya samu damar taka leda a gasar cin kofin Davis kuma ya buga wasanni biyu.<ref>Ecuador Leads U.S. in Davis Cup". The Palm Beach Post. 8 March 1986.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * David Imonitie at the Association of Tennis Professionals * David Imonitie at the Davis Cup * David Imonitie at the International Tennis Federation == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 49rve5ydmarrvi96t8mos545zye5xru 0 33525 166103 154897 2022-08-15T06:58:54Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} '''David Robert Bowe''' (an haife shi ranar 19 ga watan Yuli, 1955). ya kasance memba a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai Ƙarkashin Jam'iyyar Labout daga 1989 zuwa 2004. ==Karatu== Bowe ya yi karatu a Sunderland Polytechnic, Teesside Polytechnic, da Jami'ar Bath. Ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin kimiyya, kuma ya zama mai himma a jam'iyyar Labour, ya yi aiki a majalisar gundumar Middlesbrough, da kuma mai mukami a yankin arewa na jam'iyyar. ==Siyasa-- An zabi Bowe a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a zaben Majalisar Turai na 1989, don mazabar wakiltar Cleveland & Yorkshire North (1989 zuwa 1994), sai Cleveland & Richmond (1994 zuwa 1999) da Yorkshire da Humber (1999 zuwa 2004). Bowe ya sake tsayawa takara a shekara ta 2004, amma Bai yi nasara ba. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.davidbowe.co.uk/ David Bowe website] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1956]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] h74ur7eo4brguygebfz8f88cbbd862y 166104 166103 2022-08-15T06:59:11Z BnHamid 12586 /* Karatu */ wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} '''David Robert Bowe''' (an haife shi ranar 19 ga watan Yuli, 1955). ya kasance memba a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai Ƙarkashin Jam'iyyar Labout daga 1989 zuwa 2004. ==Karatu== Bowe ya yi karatu a Sunderland Polytechnic, Teesside Polytechnic, da Jami'ar Bath. Ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin kimiyya, kuma ya zama mai himma a jam'iyyar Labour, ya yi aiki a majalisar gundumar Middlesbrough, da kuma mai mukami a yankin arewa na jam'iyyar. ==Siyasa== An zabi Bowe a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a zaben Majalisar Turai na 1989, don mazabar wakiltar Cleveland & Yorkshire North (1989 zuwa 1994), sai Cleveland & Richmond (1994 zuwa 1999) da Yorkshire da Humber (1999 zuwa 2004). Bowe ya sake tsayawa takara a shekara ta 2004, amma Bai yi nasara ba. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.davidbowe.co.uk/ David Bowe website] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1956]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oaj0pn1esbpw2erw9f60b6bular7vn3 0 34062 166111 158198 2022-08-15T07:22:48Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''David Edward Thomas''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 Janairu 1955) ɗan siyasan Jam'iyyar Labour ne na Biritaniya kuma tsohon dan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (MEP). ==Kratu== Ya yi karatu a Cefn Hengoed Comprehensive School, Swansea, kuma a Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia inda ya yi BA a Turanci.<ref>''Dod's Parliamentary Companion''. International Publications Service. 1999.</ref> A 2010 ya koma Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia don yin Difloma na Digiri a fannin Shari'a. Ya yi aiki a matsayin dan majalisa a mazabar Suffolk da South West Norfolk daga 1994 zuwa 1999. <ref>‘THOMAS, David (Edward)’, Who's Who 2014, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2014; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2013</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] kpfio3lx08mhahbtmiwooa1z9232y7z 0 34279 166101 160173 2022-08-15T06:53:21Z BnHamid 12586 gyara wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NFL biography|name=Daurice Fountain|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|current_team=Kansas City Chiefs|number=82|position=[[Wide receiver]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|12|22}}|birth_place=[[Madison, Wisconsin]]|death_date=|death_place=|height_ft=6|height_in=1|weight_lb=212|high_school=[[James Madison Memorial High School|James Madison Memorial]]<br>([[Madison, Wisconsin]])|college=[[Northern Iowa Panthers football|Northern Iowa]]|draftyear=2018|draftround=5|draftpick=159|pastteams=* [[Indianapolis Colts]] ({{NFL Year|2018}}–{{NFL Year|2020}}) * [[Kansas City Chiefs]] ({{NFL Year|2021}}–present)|status=Active|highlights=|statleague=NFL|statseason=2021|statweek=|statlabel1=[[Reception (American football)|Receptions]]|statvalue1=2|statlabel2=[[Receiving yards]]|statvalue2=23|nflnew=Daurice-Fountain|pfr=}} '''Daurice Fountain''' (an haife shi ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, 1995). babban mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Kansas City Chiefs na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Arewacin Iowa. == Aikin koleji == A cikin 2017, Fountain yana da 943 yana karɓar yadudduka da 12 touchdowns. An gayyace shi zuwa Wasan Shrine na Gabas-Yamma kuma an ba shi suna MVP mai ban tsoro. Duk da haka, ba a gayyace shi zuwa ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta NFL ba. == Sana'ar sana'a == === Indianapolis Colts === Indianapolis Colts ne ya tsara Fountain a zagaye na biyar, 159th gabaɗaya, na 2018 NFL Draft . An yi watsi da shi a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2018 kuma aka sanya hannu a cikin tawagar horo a washegari. A ranar 7 ga Disamba, an haɓaka Fountain zuwa jerin ayyukan aiki. A ranar 19 ga Agusta, 2019, an sanya Fountain a ajiyar da ya ji rauni bayan an yi masa tiyatar idon sawu. Fountain ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin shekara guda tare da ƙungiyar a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2020. An yi watsi da shi a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2020 kuma ya rattaba hannu a cikin tawagar horarwa washegari. An kara masa girma zuwa ga mai aiki a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 2020. Ya yi rikodin liyafar aikinsa na farko a wasan Colts sati 3 da New York Jets . liyafar zai zama liyafar yadi 12. An yi watsi da shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2020, kuma ya sake sanya hannu a cikin kungiyar kwanaki uku bayan haka. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa jerin gwanon aiki a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba don wasan mako na 9 na ƙungiyar da Baltimore Ravens, kuma ya koma cikin ƙungiyar bayan wasan. Kwantiragin tawagarsa da kungiyar ta kare bayan kakar wasa a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. === Shugabannin Kansas City === Fountain ya rattaba hannu tare da Shugabannin Kansas City a kan Mayu 17, 2021. An sake shi a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2021. Ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 2021. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ajiya / nan gaba tare da Sarakunan a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2022. === Kididdigar sana'a === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Kaka ! rowspan="2" | Tawaga ! colspan="2" | Wasanni ! colspan="6" | Karba ! colspan="5" | Gaggawa ! colspan="2" | Fumbles |- ! GP ! GS ! Tgt ! Rec ! Yds ! Matsakaici ! Lng ! TD ! Att ! Yds ! Matsakaici ! Lng ! TD ! Fum ! Bace |- ! 2018 ! IND | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2019 ! IND | colspan="16" | ''Bai buga wasa ba saboda rauni'' |- ! 2020 ! IND | 5 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 23 | 11.5 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Sana'a ! 6 ! 0 ! 3 ! 2 ! 23 ! 11.5 ! 12 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 |} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://unipanthers.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=3685 Arewacin Iowa bio] {{Indianapolis Colts 2018 draft navbox}}{{Kansas City Chiefs roster navbox}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] p4bdl4gye2co7n5ebvi16npmwh89xag 0 34467 166114 161112 2022-08-15T07:30:58Z BnHamid 12586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dawa Chaffa''' gunduma ce, da ke yankin Oromia a yankin Amhara na kasar Habasha. Dawa Chaffa ({{Coord|10.82|N|39.81|E}} == Alkaluma == Bisa kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2007 da hukumar kididdiga ta kasar Habasha (CSA) ta gudanar, wannan gundumar tana da jimillar jama'a 133,388, wadanda 66,746 maza ne da mata 66,642; 2,876 ko 2.16% mazauna birni ne. Mafi yawan mazaunan musulmi ne, inda kashi 98.73% suka bayar da rahoton cewa a matsayin addininsu, yayin da kashi 1.1% na al'ummar kasar suka ce suna yin addinin Kiristanci na Orthodox na Habasha. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}}{{Districts of the Amhara Region}} chhm88jdjzqnqwsvb1v7kh483450rgl 0 34474 166115 161123 2022-08-15T07:31:38Z BnHamid 12586 /* Bayanan kula */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dawa Harewa''' gunduma ce da ke yankin Oromia a yankin Amhara na [[Itofiya|kasar Habasha]] . Dawa Harawa ({{Coord|10.73|N|40.05|E}} == Alkaluma == Bisa kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2007 da hukumar kididdiga ta kasar Habasha (CSA) ta gudanar, wannan gundumar tana da jimillar jama'a 41,359, wadanda 20,431 maza ne da mata 20,928; 1,706 ko 4.13% mazauna birni ne. Yawancin mazaunan Musulmai ne, tare da 99.58% sun ruwaito cewa addininsu ne. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}}{{Districts of the Amhara Region}} kmm82f5qdz744buw25o3dhmefxgq6ze 0 35294 165907 2022-08-14T11:59:43Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1068276994|Wait Block]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NRHP|name=Wait Block|nrhp_type=|image=Main Street, Manchester, Vermont.jpg|caption=The Wait Block is the brick building at the center of this photo|location=Near jct. of Main and Bonnet Sts., Manchester Center Village, [[Manchester, Vermont]]|coordinates={{coord|43|10|36|N|73|3|24|W|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Vermont#USA|built={{Start date|1884}}|architect=|architecture=Italianate|added=November 7, 1996|area={{convert|0.1|acre}}|refnum=96001327<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>}} Gidan '''Wait Block''' gini ne na tarihi na kasuwanci akan Babban Titin ( Vermont Route 7A ) a Cibiyar Manchester, Vermont . An gina shi a cikin 1884-85, misali ne na musamman na ƙirar Italiyanci na harshe, wanda aka kashe a cikin bulo da marmara. Musamman ta tsira daga gobarar 1893 da ta lalata yankin kasuwancin ƙauyen. An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a 1996. == Bayani da tarihi == Wurin Jiran yana tsaye a tsakiyar yankin kasuwancin kasuwanci na Cibiyar Manchester, kusa da mahaɗin Main Street (Vermont 7A) da Bonnet Street ( Hanyar Vermont 30 ) a gefen kudu na Main Street. Ginin bulo ne mai benaye uku, mai faɗin bays uku, tare da lebur rufin da abubuwan gyara marmara. Facade ya kasu kashi uku masu rufa-rufa, wanda masu bulo-bulo suka zayyana, bangaren tsakiya ya fi na waje kunkuntar. An saita windows akan matakan sama a cikin buɗewar buɗe ido-banki, tare da duwatsun maɓalli da kunnuwa na marmara. An saita babban ƙofar a cikin wani wurin hutu a cikin tsakiyar bay, tare da manyan tagogi masu nunin gilashi a cikin ɓangarorin ɓangarorin da ke ƙasan ƙasa, kuma an saita su a cikin wuraren buɗe ido-bakin. Layin bulo na murƙushewa yana ba da ƙaramin cornice don rufin lebur. An gina ginin a cikin 1884-85 don Clark Wait, mai kantin sayar da magunguna na gida. Gidan bene na ƙasa zai ƙunshi kantin sayar da magunguna don ƙarni na gaba, tare da wuraren zama na mai mallakar sama. Musamman ya tsira daga gobarar 1893 da ta lalata gine-ginen katako da yawa a yankin kasuwanci. An gina ta ne a daidai lokacin da ake samun wadata a masana’antun kauyen, wadanda suka yi kasa a gwiwa a lokacin da gobarar ta tashi kuma ba ta sake farfadowa ba. Sakamakon haka, ba a gina wasu gine-gine na wannan sikelin ba a ƙauyen. == Duba kuma == * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin gundumar Bennington, Vermont == Nassoshi == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {{NRHP in Bennington County, Vermont}} 82mnyju6l1i5or09m3rd810vx43qn2q 0 35295 165908 2022-08-14T12:03:03Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/980650856|Hartford & New Haven Railroad-Freight Depot]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NRHP|name=Hartford & New Haven Railroad Freight Depot|nrhp_type=|image=HartfordFreightDepotWindsorCT.jpg|caption=The Hartford and New Haven Railroad Freight Depot|location=40 Mechanic St.,<br/>[[Windsor, Connecticut]]|coordinates={{coord|41.8519|-72.6421|type:landmark_region:US-CT|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Connecticut|area=less than one acre|built=c. 1870|architect=|architecture=Gothic Revival|added=September 15, 1988|refnum=88001505<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref>|mpsub=18th and 19th Century Brick Architecture of Windsor TR|nrhp_type2=cp|designated_nrhp_type2=December 30, 1999|partof=[[Broad Street Green Historic District]]|partof_refnum=99001613}} '''Hartford & New Haven Railroad Freight Depot''' gini ne na tarihi a 40 Mechanic Street a cikin garin Windsor, Connecticut, a hayin titin daga Hartford &amp;amp; New Haven Railroad Depot mai tarihi. An gina shi kimanin 1870, misali ne mai kyau na Gothic Revival depot. An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1988. Yanzu shine gidan Cibiyar Fasaha ta Windsor, wurin da ba riba ba wanda ke nuna ayyukan masu fasaha na gani da wasan kwaikwayo. == Bayani da tarihi == Tsohon Hartford New Haven Railroad Freight Depot yana gefen gabas na yankin Windsor's cikin gari, a gefen yamma na titin Mechanic a mahadar sa da Central Street. Ginin bulo ne mai tsayi mai tsayi biyu mai tsayi, wanda aka saita tsakanin titin Mechanic da hanyoyin Hartford da New Haven Railroad, yanzu babban layin dogo tsakanin Hartford, Connecticut da Springfield, Massachusetts . Yana tsaye kusa da titin waƙoƙi da Titin Cibiyar daga tashar Amtrak na yanzu. Yana da ƙirar mai amfani da yawa tare da wasu Gothic Revival bunƙasa. Babban rufin nata yana da na'urorin hura iska mai murabba'i wanda aka lulluɓe da rufin pyramidal. Babban kofar shiga na yanzu, akan ɗan gajeren ƙarshen da ke fuskantar Titin Center, yana samun mafaka da kaho mai bangon katako. Dogayen facade suna da tsayi bays goma sha ɗaya, waɗanda aka ƙera su ta hanyar bulo. Wasu bays suna da rabe-raben buɗe ido. Rufin yana da shimfiɗar bene tare da fallasa rafter da ƙofofin purlin. Ranar da za a gina ginin ba shi da tabbas. An rubuta ƙaramin ma'ajiyar kayan dakon kaya yana tsaye akan wannan rukunin yanar gizon a cikin 1869, amma yana yiwuwa ginin na yanzu ya maye gurbin wancan a daidai lokacin da tashar fasinja kusa da Hartford da New Haven Railroad suka gina . Tun daga 2007, ginin ya ƙunshi Cibiyar Fasaha ta Windsor. == Duba kuma == * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a Windsor, Connecticut == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa == * Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. CT-23-B, "Hartford & New Haven Railroad, Freight Depot, 40 Central Street, Windsor, Hartford County, CT" {{Commonscat|Windsor freight house}}{{National Register of Historic Places}}{{Connecticut}} ru802b7somxa8e9h9gu7pxa44jaanqy 0 35296 165910 2022-08-14T12:04:08Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1090222187|Mary Alice Hammond House]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NRHP|name=Mary Alice Hammond House|nrhp_type=|image=Mary Alice Hammond House.JPG|caption=|location=Co. Rd. 839 W of jct. with [[Arkansas Highway 367|AR 367]], [[Searcy, Arkansas]]|coordinates={{coord|35|11|41|N|91|44|4|W|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Arkansas#USA|map_caption=Location in [[Arkansas]]##Location in United States|built={{Start date|1870}}|added=July 21, 1992|area=less than one acre|mpsub={{NRHP url|id=64500033|title=White County MPS}}|refnum=91001204<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>}} Gidan '''Mary Alice Hammond gida''' ne mai tarihi a gefen kudu na Searcy, Arkansas . Tana gefen kudu na Lee Lane (County Road 839), yamma da mahaɗin sa tare da babbar hanyar Arkansas 367 . Gida ne mai bene mai hawa daya mai rufin gefe, da baranda ya shimfida facade na gaba (ta arewa). Ƙofar gabanta tana gefe da tagogi masu haske, kuma sama da wani abin hawa, tare da ƙofaffen murfi kewaye. An gina wannan gidan a kusa da 1870, kusan shinge goma daga filin kotun a cikin Searcy, kuma gini ne mai wuyar rayuwa na ƙarni na 19 daga lokacin. An koma wurin da yake yanzu a cikin 1950s. An jera gidan a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1992. == Duba kuma == * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin White County, Arkansas == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{National Register of Historic Places}} 8m9x7e8x2b7jg7o37jyv9i6k3xrrvh6 0 35297 165911 2022-08-14T12:05:05Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1018618783|Guy High School Gymnasium]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NRHP|name=Guy High School Gymnasium|nrhp_type=|image=Guy High School Gymnasium.JPG|caption=|location=[[Arkansas Highway 25|AR 25]], [[Guy, Arkansas]]|coordinates={{coord|35|19|24|N|92|19|24|W|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Arkansas#USA|map_caption=Location in [[Arkansas]]##Location in United States|builder=[[Works Progress Administration]]|architecture=[[Bungalow]]/[[American craftsman]], Plain Traditional|added=September 10, 1992|area=less than one acre|mpsub={{NRHP url|id=64500028|title=Public Schools in the Ozarks MPS}}|refnum=92001196<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>}} '''Gymnasium na makarantar sakandaren Guy''' ginin makaranta ne mai tarihi a harabar Tsarin Makarantar Guy-Perkins a kan babbar hanyar Arkansas 25, kusa da Guy, Arkansas . Tsarin dutse ne na labari guda ɗaya, tare da katako mai katako da bulo na bulo guda huɗu. Shirye-shiryen baranda guda biyu masu ruɗi daga gefen gaba, kusa da sasanninta, kowannensu yana goyan bayan ginshiƙan dutse kuma yana ɗauke da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙulli. Ma'aikata na gida ne suka gina shi tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Hukumar Ci gaban Ayyuka a cikin 1938. An jera ginin a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1992. == Duba kuma == * Guy Home Economics Gina * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin Faulkner County, Arkansas == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{National Register of Historic Places}} fbqdb2q09b0ljee324qlh9wgpcj0sg8 0 35298 165912 2022-08-14T12:05:54Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1094632902|Garfield Elementary School (Garfield, Arkansas)]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox NRHP|name=Garfield Elementary School|nrhp_type=|image=Garfield Elementary.jpg|caption=|location=18432 Marshall St.,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gf.rogersschools.net/|title=Garfield Elementary School|access-date=April 18, 2016}}</ref><br />[[Garfield, Arkansas]]|coordinates={{coord|36|26|55|N|93|58|17|W|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Arkansas#USA|map_caption=Location in [[Arkansas]]##Location in United States|built={{Start date|1941}}|architect=Garis Noderly, Junior Ross|architecture=Rustic Revival|added=June 28, 1996|area={{convert|3.3|acre}}|mpsub={{NRHP url|id=64500028|title=Public Schools in the Ozarks MPS}}|refnum=96000693<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>}} '''Makarantar Elementary ta Garfield''' gini ne na makaranta mai tarihi akan Hanyar Amurka ta 62 a Garfield, Arkansas, kusa da mahaɗarsa da babbar hanyar Arkansas 127 . Ginin dutse ne mai bene guda ɗaya, wanda aka gina a cikin 1941 don maye gurbin ginin da ke kusa da shi wanda ya lalace. Tsari ne mai siffa T, mai tsayin gabas – yamma da ofisoshi gidaje da azuzuwa, da kuma babban dakin taro a baya. Fitattun fasalulluka na babban facade su ne ƙofofin ƙofofi guda biyu da aka zayyana, waɗanda suka ɗaga faranti, da buɗe ido-bangaren. An jera ginin a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1996. == Duba kuma == * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin gundumar Benton, Arkansas == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{National Register of Historic Places}} k1pbfonqn6evum8s4oda6r6nk7f0unn 0 35299 165945 2022-08-14T17:08:28Z DaSupremo 9834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1104374090|Philip Basoah]]" wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philip Atta Basoah'''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-04|title=Kumawu Bodomasi NPP Youth vow to vote ‘skirt and blouse’ in December - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/kumawu-bodomasi-npp-youth-vow-to-vote-skirt-and-blouse-in-december/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> dan siyasan Ghana ne kuma dan majalisar wakilai ta bakwai a jamhuriyar Ghana ta hudu mai wakiltar mazabar Kumawu a yankin Ashanti a kan tikitin New Patriotic Party.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=162|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-15|title=Philip Basoah confident of beating Ahomka Lindsay to retain Kumawu seat in NPP primaries - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/philip-basoah-confident-of-beating-ahomka-lindsay-to-retain-kumawu-seat-in-npp-primaries/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-22|title=MP petitions police over Kumawu commander’s “unruly conduct” - Asaase Radio|url=https://asaaseradio.com/mp-petitions-police-over-kumawu-commanders-unruly-conduct/|access-date=2022-08-14|language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Philip a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1969. Ya fito ne daga Kumawu a yankin Ashanti na kasar Ghana.<ref name=":1" /> == Ilimi == Ya yi digirin digirgir a Paris graduate school of management a 2012 sannan kuma ya yi digirin digirgir a Jami’ar Cape Coast ta Ghana a shekarar 2000.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Basoah, Philip|url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/basoah-philip-2/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana MPS|language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma yi matakinsa na GCE A a 1994 da GCE O a 1991 da MLSC. 1986.<ref name=":0" /> == Aiki == Shi ne mai kula da ayyuka na hidimar ilimi na Ghana a yankin Ashanti. Ya kuma kasance shugaban gundumar a ma'aikatar kananan hukumomi na gundumar Sekyere ta gabas daga watan Yuni 2005 zuwa Janairu 2009. Ya kasance malami a babbar makarantar Agogo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Aikin siyasa == Dan jam’iyyar NPP ne kuma a halin yanzu dan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar mazabar Kumawu a yankin Ashanti. A babban zaben kasar Ghana na 2016, ya lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki da kuri'u 21,794 wanda ya samu kashi 78.2% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar NDC Emmanuel William Amoako ya samu kuri'u 5,899 wanda ya samu kashi 21.2% na kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar CPP Opoku Kyei Clifford yana da kuri'u 188 wanda ya zama kashi 0.7% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2016 Election - Kumawu Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/ashanti/kumawu/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> A babban zaben Ghana na 2020, ya lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki da kuri'u 14,960 wanda ya samu kashi 51.1% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar NDC Bernard Opoku Marfo ya samu kuri'u 2,439 wanda ya samu kashi 8.3% na yawan kuri'un da aka jefa yayin da dan majalisar mai zaman kansa Duah Kwaku ya samu kuri'u 11,698 kuri'un da suka samu kashi 40% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada kuma dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar GUM Nana Amoako ya samu kuri'u 174 wanda ya zama kashi 0.6% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2020 Election - Kumawu Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/ashanti/kumawu/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> === Kwamitoci === Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Samar da Aiyuka, Jin Dadin Jama’a da Kamfanonin Jiha sannan kuma memba a kwamitin filaye da gandun daji da kuma mamba a kwamitin zabe.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Shi Kirista ne.<ref name=":0" /> == Tallafawa == A watan Afrilun 2021, ya gabatar da kayan aikin horaswa ga masu sana’ar hannu a mazabar Kumawu domin taimakawa matasa su samu sana’o’i.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-20|title=Government is expanding TVET education to increase enrollment - Kumawu MP - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/government-is-expanding-tvet-education-to-increase-enrollment-kumawu-mp/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 5fwugxehp6k5wqsy24cn32d732j6anw 165953 165945 2022-08-14T17:32:46Z DaSupremo 9834 Added infobox wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q61694684}} '''Philip Atta Basoah'''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-04|title=Kumawu Bodomasi NPP Youth vow to vote ‘skirt and blouse’ in December - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/kumawu-bodomasi-npp-youth-vow-to-vote-skirt-and-blouse-in-december/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> dan siyasan Ghana ne kuma dan majalisar wakilai ta bakwai a jamhuriyar Ghana ta hudu mai wakiltar mazabar Kumawu a yankin Ashanti a kan tikitin New Patriotic Party.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=162|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-15|title=Philip Basoah confident of beating Ahomka Lindsay to retain Kumawu seat in NPP primaries - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/philip-basoah-confident-of-beating-ahomka-lindsay-to-retain-kumawu-seat-in-npp-primaries/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-22|title=MP petitions police over Kumawu commander’s “unruly conduct” - Asaase Radio|url=https://asaaseradio.com/mp-petitions-police-over-kumawu-commanders-unruly-conduct/|access-date=2022-08-14|language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Philip a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1969. Ya fito ne daga Kumawu a yankin Ashanti na kasar Ghana.<ref name=":1" /> == Ilimi == Ya yi digirin digirgir a Paris graduate school of management a 2012 sannan kuma ya yi digirin digirgir a Jami’ar Cape Coast ta Ghana a shekarar 2000.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Basoah, Philip|url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/basoah-philip-2/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana MPS|language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma yi matakinsa na GCE A a 1994 da GCE O a 1991 da MLSC. 1986.<ref name=":0" /> == Aiki == Shi ne mai kula da ayyuka na hidimar ilimi na Ghana a yankin Ashanti. Ya kuma kasance shugaban gundumar a ma'aikatar kananan hukumomi na gundumar Sekyere ta gabas daga watan Yuni 2005 zuwa Janairu 2009. Ya kasance malami a babbar makarantar Agogo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Aikin siyasa == Dan jam’iyyar NPP ne kuma a halin yanzu dan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar mazabar Kumawu a yankin Ashanti. A babban zaben kasar Ghana na 2016, ya lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki da kuri'u 21,794 wanda ya samu kashi 78.2% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar NDC Emmanuel William Amoako ya samu kuri'u 5,899 wanda ya samu kashi 21.2% na kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar CPP Opoku Kyei Clifford yana da kuri'u 188 wanda ya zama kashi 0.7% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2016 Election - Kumawu Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/ashanti/kumawu/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> A babban zaben Ghana na 2020, ya lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki da kuri'u 14,960 wanda ya samu kashi 51.1% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar NDC Bernard Opoku Marfo ya samu kuri'u 2,439 wanda ya samu kashi 8.3% na yawan kuri'un da aka jefa yayin da dan majalisar mai zaman kansa Duah Kwaku ya samu kuri'u 11,698 kuri'un da suka samu kashi 40% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada kuma dan takarar majalisar dokokin kasar GUM Nana Amoako ya samu kuri'u 174 wanda ya zama kashi 0.6% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2020 Election - Kumawu Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/ashanti/kumawu/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> === Kwamitoci === Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Samar da Aiyuka, Jin Dadin Jama’a da Kamfanonin Jiha sannan kuma memba a kwamitin filaye da gandun daji da kuma mamba a kwamitin zabe.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Shi Kirista ne.<ref name=":0" /> == Tallafawa == A watan Afrilun 2021, ya gabatar da kayan aikin horaswa ga masu sana’ar hannu a mazabar Kumawu domin taimakawa matasa su samu sana’o’i.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-20|title=Government is expanding TVET education to increase enrollment - Kumawu MP - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/government-is-expanding-tvet-education-to-increase-enrollment-kumawu-mp/|access-date=2022-08-14|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] ijk9tj4w6jwklerw5qfg7nfsvfl1bke 0 35300 165971 2022-08-14T20:42:30Z Uncle Bash007 9891 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1046532023|Greentree Agreement]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Wannan Yarjejeniyar Greentree''' <ref>[http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/peace/Cam-Nig%2020060612.pdf Greentree Agreement]</ref> yarjejeniya ce ta musamman wacce ta warware rikicin kan iyakar [[Kamaru]] da [[Najeriya]] game da yankin [[Bakassi]] dake da arzikin man fetur da gas. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Rigimar ta samo asali ne tun daga 1913; <ref>[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24-a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=119860 Implications of the Bakassi conflict resolution for Cameroon, Francis Menjo Baye, 2010, pg. 2]</ref> 1981, 1994, da 1996 an yi artabu tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru akan Bakassi. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se" /> An mika karar zuwa Kotun Duniya kuma a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban 2002 ne kotun Duniya ta yanke hukunci da ta Kamaru fifici. <ref>[http://www.socialistworld.net/doc/403 Cameroun Bakassi peninsula - No war for oil, 12/11/2002]</ref> <ref>[http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/94/7453.pdf The Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria: Equatorial Guinea intervening)], Judgment, ''ICJ Reports'' 2002, p. 303</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2006, shugaban [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo]] da shugaban Kasar Kamaru [[Paul Biya]] suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Greentree game da janye sojoji da mika ikon yankin. An tsaida kwanaki sittin don janye sojojin Najeriya amma an ba da damar tsawaita wa'adin kwanaki 30 yayin da aka baiwa Najeriya damar ci gaba da rike hukumomin farar hula da 'yan sanda a Bakassi na tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Kotun kasa da kasa ta yanke hukunci kan takaddamar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, inda ta yanke hukuncinda ya fifita kasar Kamaru. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta bi umarnin Kotun kuma ta janye sojojinta, sakamakon hadarin da ke tattare da rasa tallafin da kasashen ketare ke bayarwa. <ref>Whitaker Beth (2010). "Compliance among weak states: Africa and the counter-terrorism regime", ''Review of International Studies'', pp 639–662</ref> An kafa kwamitin bin diddigin wanda ya kunshi wakilai daga Kasar Kamaru, Najeriya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Jamus, Amurka, Faransa da Kasar Burtaniya, don sanya ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da yarjejeniyar. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2013, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana cewa tana maraba da kawo zaman lafiya kwanaki biyu gabanin mika ikon yankin Bakassi. <ref>[https://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?disp3_l205403677_text Library of Congress, Cameroon; Nigeria: Bakassi Peninsula Transition Completed, August 13, 2013]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Tarihin Bakassi]] [[Category:Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa]] et9emtx41ww4wve32veni5f5g0skvc8 165972 165971 2022-08-14T20:43:04Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Wannan Yarjejeniyar Greentree''' <ref>[http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/peace/Cam-Nig%2020060612.pdf Greentree Agreement]</ref> yarjejeniya ce ta musamman wacce ta warware rikicin kan iyakar [[Kamaru]] da [[Najeriya]] game da yankin [[Bakassi]] dake da arzikin man fetur da gas. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Rigimar ta samo asali ne tun daga 1913; <ref>[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24-a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=119860 Implications of the Bakassi conflict resolution for Cameroon, Francis Menjo Baye, 2010, pg. 2]</ref> 1981, 1994, da 1996 an yi artabu tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru akan Bakassi. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se" /> An mika karar zuwa Kotun Duniya kuma a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban 2002 ne kotun Duniya ta yanke hukunci da ta Kamaru fifici. <ref>[http://www.socialistworld.net/doc/403 Cameroun Bakassi peninsula - No war for oil, 12/11/2002]</ref> <ref>[http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/94/7453.pdf The Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria: Equatorial Guinea intervening)], Judgment, ''ICJ Reports'' 2002, p. 303</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2006, shugaban [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo]] da shugaban Kasar Kamaru [[Paul Biya]] suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Greentree game da janye sojoji da mika ikon yankin. An tsaida kwanaki sittin don janye sojojin Najeriya amma an ba da damar tsawaita wa'adin kwanaki 30 yayin da aka baiwa Najeriya damar ci gaba da rike hukumomin farar hula da 'yan sanda a Bakassi na tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Kotun kasa da kasa ta yanke hukunci kan takaddamar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, inda ta yanke hukuncinda ya fifita kasar Kamaru. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta bi umarnin Kotun kuma ta janye sojojinta, sakamakon hadarin da ke tattare da rasa tallafin da kasashen ketare ke bayarwa. <ref>Whitaker Beth (2010). "Compliance among weak states: Africa and the counter-terrorism regime", ''Review of International Studies'', pp 639–662</ref> An kafa kwamitin bin diddigin wanda ya kunshi wakilai daga Kasar Kamaru, Najeriya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Jamus, Amurka, Faransa da Kasar Burtaniya, don sanya ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da yarjejeniyar. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2013, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana cewa tana maraba da kawo zaman lafiya kwanaki biyu gabanin mika ikon yankin Bakassi. <ref>[https://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?disp3_l205403677_text Library of Congress, Cameroon; Nigeria: Bakassi Peninsula Transition Completed, August 13, 2013]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Tarihin Bakassi]] [[Category:Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa]] sshzbk4gibqbgqcnebjlt08ya61hyqc 165973 165972 2022-08-14T20:44:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Yarjejeniyar Greentree''' <ref>[http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/peace/Cam-Nig%2020060612.pdf Greentree Agreement]</ref> yarjejeniya ce ta musamman wacce ta warware rikicin kan iyakar [[Kamaru]] da [[Najeriya]] game da yankin [[Bakassi]] dake da arzikin man fetur da gas. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Rigimar ta samo asali ne tun daga 1913; <ref>[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24-a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=119860 Implications of the Bakassi conflict resolution for Cameroon, Francis Menjo Baye, 2010, pg. 2]</ref> 1981, 1994, da 1996 an yi artabu tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru akan Bakassi. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se" /> An mika karar zuwa Kotun Duniya kuma a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban 2002 ne kotun Duniya ta yanke hukunci da ta Kamaru fifici. <ref>[http://www.socialistworld.net/doc/403 Cameroun Bakassi peninsula - No war for oil, 12/11/2002]</ref> <ref>[http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/94/7453.pdf The Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria: Equatorial Guinea intervening)], Judgment, ''ICJ Reports'' 2002, p. 303</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2006, shugaban [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo]] da shugaban Kasar Kamaru [[Paul Biya]] suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Greentree game da janye sojoji da mika ikon yankin. An tsaida kwanaki sittin don janye sojojin Najeriya amma an ba da damar tsawaita wa'adin kwanaki 30 yayin da aka baiwa Najeriya damar ci gaba da rike hukumomin farar hula da 'yan sanda a Bakassi na tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Kotun kasa da kasa ta yanke hukunci kan takaddamar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, inda ta yanke hukuncinda ya fifita kasar Kamaru. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta bi umarnin Kotun kuma ta janye sojojinta, sakamakon hadarin da ke tattare da rasa tallafin da kasashen ketare ke bayarwa. <ref>Whitaker Beth (2010). "Compliance among weak states: Africa and the counter-terrorism regime", ''Review of International Studies'', pp 639–662</ref> An kafa kwamitin bin diddigin wanda ya kunshi wakilai daga Kasar Kamaru, Najeriya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Jamus, Amurka, Faransa da Kasar Burtaniya, don sanya ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da yarjejeniyar. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2013, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana cewa tana maraba da kawo zaman lafiya kwanaki biyu gabanin mika ikon yankin Bakassi. <ref>[https://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?disp3_l205403677_text Library of Congress, Cameroon; Nigeria: Bakassi Peninsula Transition Completed, August 13, 2013]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Tarihin Bakassi]] [[Category:Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa]] qemq8zmiliyj58ota8pgnml0sotmuai 165974 165973 2022-08-14T20:45:15Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Yarjejeniyar Greentree Agreement''' <ref>[http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/peace/Cam-Nig%2020060612.pdf Greentree Agreement]</ref> yarjejeniya ce ta musamman wacce ta warware rikicin kan iyakar [[Kamaru]] da [[Najeriya]] game da yankin [[Bakassi]] dake da arzikin man fetur da gas. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Rigimar ta samo asali ne tun daga 1913; <ref>[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24-a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=119860 Implications of the Bakassi conflict resolution for Cameroon, Francis Menjo Baye, 2010, pg. 2]</ref> 1981, 1994, da 1996 an yi artabu tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru akan Bakassi. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se" /> An mika karar zuwa Kotun Duniya kuma a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban 2002 ne kotun Duniya ta yanke hukunci da ta Kamaru fifici. <ref>[http://www.socialistworld.net/doc/403 Cameroun Bakassi peninsula - No war for oil, 12/11/2002]</ref> <ref>[http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/94/7453.pdf The Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria: Equatorial Guinea intervening)], Judgment, ''ICJ Reports'' 2002, p. 303</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2006, shugaban [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo]] da shugaban Kasar Kamaru [[Paul Biya]] suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Greentree game da janye sojoji da mika ikon yankin. An tsaida kwanaki sittin don janye sojojin Najeriya amma an ba da damar tsawaita wa'adin kwanaki 30 yayin da aka baiwa Najeriya damar ci gaba da rike hukumomin farar hula da 'yan sanda a Bakassi na tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> Kotun kasa da kasa ta yanke hukunci kan takaddamar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, inda ta yanke hukuncinda ya fifita kasar Kamaru. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta bi umarnin Kotun kuma ta janye sojojinta, sakamakon hadarin da ke tattare da rasa tallafin da kasashen ketare ke bayarwa. <ref>Whitaker Beth (2010). "Compliance among weak states: Africa and the counter-terrorism regime", ''Review of International Studies'', pp 639–662</ref> An kafa kwamitin bin diddigin wanda ya kunshi wakilai daga Kasar Kamaru, Najeriya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Jamus, Amurka, Faransa da Kasar Burtaniya, don sanya ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da yarjejeniyar. <ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Cameroon, Peace Agreements, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=28&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2013, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana cewa tana maraba da kawo zaman lafiya kwanaki biyu gabanin mika ikon yankin Bakassi. <ref>[https://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?disp3_l205403677_text Library of Congress, Cameroon; Nigeria: Bakassi Peninsula Transition Completed, August 13, 2013]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Tarihin Bakassi]] [[Category:Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa]] 45pg9sf0b5jk3xo2tk6r5yi9e99oah6 3 35301 165985 2022-08-14T21:00:42Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Quuxplusone! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Quuxplusone|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:00, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) mbf95mohlw2ndszan03pezewa1y9j10 3 35302 165986 2022-08-14T21:00:52Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Mateo sou! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Mateo sou|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:00, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) 4s9d2kigvocuvw33f0c3ulbrn7qjvxf 3 35303 165987 2022-08-14T21:01:02Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Black Sky83! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Black Sky83|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) hl8uovygrty8z04akahsarajot6acyu 3 35304 165988 2022-08-14T21:01:12Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sugar112! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sugar112|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) 3z69c0bgfh8veuiyd54447d09fedqmq 3 35305 165989 2022-08-14T21:01:22Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sadeeq Lahore! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sadeeq Lahore|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) mk4fwkxr5dgmuq7e3qg9yu39rcg90iz 3 35306 165991 2022-08-14T21:01:32Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Yuichi Nishimura Atushi1029! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Yuichi Nishimura Atushi1029|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) ns52tkyi6msd60bl4bvlvprp5wx611f 3 35307 165992 2022-08-14T21:01:42Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ChoHyeri! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ChoHyeri|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) d5w72nnawznrnams3pg0jct5pxbmwv3 3 35308 165993 2022-08-14T21:01:52Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, QW22! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/QW22|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) thdqmd19aw6rub4tddtk2pb81f9eaz4 3 35309 165994 2022-08-14T21:02:02Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Aliabharisrk! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Aliabharisrk|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) cbj9byhltqw8eddrvuz8og1htubewye 3 35310 165995 2022-08-14T21:02:12Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Shakarov.Elnur! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Shakarov.Elnur|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) 2865yvqkwsd1j92ex6xm1y7kivle79n 3 35311 165996 2022-08-14T21:02:22Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Akringim! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Akringim|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 14 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC) g7ddtsn9wwwr7l6ombyj4aw541rzify 0 35312 166002 2022-08-14T21:23:54Z Uncle Bash007 9891 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1099663647|List of Nigerian states by Human Development Index]]" wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafi ya kunshi '''jerin sunayen [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohin]] [[Najeriya]] dangane da kididdigar Cigaban Jama'a (HDI)''', gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. Jeri na farko daga Jami'ar Radboud Nijmegen ya jera jihohi ta hanyar salon bincike na HDI na duniya. Jeri na biyu ya jaera jihohin ta hanyar tsarin nasu daga Shirin Cigaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. == Jerin (2019, Jami'ar Radboud) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ma'aunin ci gaban jama'a a shekara ta 2019, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. An kuma lissafi da ƙasa da ke da kwatankwacin daraja a shekara guda. [[File:Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg/625px-Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg.png|right|thumb|625x625px|Jihohin Najeriya HDI har zuwa 2019 ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! class="sort" |Daraja ! class="sort" | Jiha ! class="sort" | HDI (2019) |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" | Matsakaicin ci gaban ɗan adam |- | 1 | [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] | 0.686 |- | 2 | [[Ogun]] | 0.675 |- | 3 | [[Anambra|Anambara]] | 0.668 |- | 4 | style="text-align:left" | [[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] | 0.667 |- | 5 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bayelsa]] | 0.655 |- | rowspan="2" | 6 | [[Imo]] | 0.653 |- | [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] | 0.653 |- | rowspan="2" | 8 | style="text-align:left" | [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] | 0.651 |- | [[Abiya]] | 0.650 |- | 10 | [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] | 0.645 |- | 11 | [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] | 0.637 |- | 12 | [[Edo]] | 0.632 |- | rowspan="3" | 13 | style="text-align:left" | [[Ekiti]] | 0.619 |- | [[Cross River]] | 0.619 |- | [[Osun]] | 0.619 |- | 16 | [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] | 0.615 |- | 17 | [[Akwa Ibom]] | 0.613 |- | 18 | [[Benue (jiha)|Binuwai]] | 0.609 |- | 19 | [[Nasarawa]] | 0.581 |- | rowspan="2" | 20 | style="text-align:left" | [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] | 0.576 |- | [[Ebonyi]] | 0.575 |- | 22 | [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] | 0.569 |- | 23 | [[Kogi]] | 0.563 |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#900;" | Ƙananan ci gaban ɗan adam |- style="background:#e6e6e6" | - | style="text-align:left" | '''{{NGA}}'''</img>'''{{NGA}} (matsakaicin)''' | '''0.539''' |- | 24 | [[Borno]] | 0.517 |- | 25 | [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] | 0.516 |- | 26 | [[Taraba]] | 0.506 |- | 27 | [[Adamawa]] | 0.488 |- | rowspan="2" | 28 | [[Neja|Nijar]] | 0.488 |- | [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] | 0.487 |- | 30 | [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] | 0.456 |- | 31 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] | 0.429 |- | 32 | [[Zamfara]] | 0.420 |- | 33 | [[Jigawa]] | 0.415 |- | 34 | [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] | 0.412 |- | 35 | [[Yobe]] | 0.368 |- | 36 | [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] | 0.340 |- | 37 | [[Kebbi]] | 0.339 |- |} == Jerin (2016, UNDP) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ga ma'aunin cigaban jama'a tun daga shekarar 2016, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|babban birnin tarayya]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Rank !State !HDI (2016) !Longevity Index !Education Index !GNI per capita<br /><br />(in USD) |- |1 |[[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] |0.652 |0.459 |1.007 |7,972 |- |2 |[[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Federal Capital Territory]] |0.629 |0.506 |0.815 |8,174 |- |3 |[[Bayelsa]] |0.591 |0.475 |0.926 |3,441 |- |4 |[[Akwa Ibom]] |0.564 |0.491 |0.905 |2,259 |- |5 |[[Ekiti]] |0.561 |0.522 |0.894 |1,898 |- |6 |[[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] |0.556 |0.459 |0.906 |2,408 |- |7 |[[Cross River]] |0.551 |0.538 |0.857 |1,720 |- |8 |[[Ogun]] |0.549 |0.522 |0.780 |2,297 |- |9 |[[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] |0.542 |0.427 |0.922 |2,264 |- |10 |[[Abiya|Abia]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.881 |1,629 |- |10 |[[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.894 |1,573 |- |12 |[[Edo]] |0.530 |0.475 |0.849 |1,798 |- |13 |[[Imo]] |0.518 |0.522 |0.916 |1,080 |- |14 |[[Osun]] |0.512 |0.506 |0.855 |1,225 |- |15 |[[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] |0.511 |0.506 |0.697 |1,910 |- style="background:#e6e6e6" |– |'''{{NGA}}''' |'''0.511''' |'''0.459''' |'''0.797''' |'''1,756''' |- |16 |[[Nasarawa]] |0.506 |0.475 |0.786 |1,562 |- |17 |[[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] |0.500 |0.506 |0.871 |1,031 |- |18 |[[Anambra]] |0.471 |0.443 |0.921 |860 |- |19 |[[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] |0.463 |0.411 |0.766 |1,261 |- |20 |[[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] |0.462 |0.427 |0.806 |1,053 |- |21 |[[Taraba]] |0.461 |0.427 |0.755 |1,178 |- |22 |[[Kogi]] |0.451 |0.411 |0.857 |883 |- |23 |[[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] |0.440 |0.491 |0.683 |851 |- |24 |[[Ebonyi]] |0.434 |0.443 |0.763 |788 |- |25 |[[Adamawa]] |0.429 |0.364 |0.661 |1,369 |- |26 |[[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] |0.404 |0.396 |0.642 |885 |- |27 |[[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] |0.401 |0.443 |0.492 |1,113 |- |28 |[[Neja|Niger]] |0.399 |0.475 |0.560 |772 |- |29 |[[Kebbi]] |0.382 |0.506 |0.396 |988 |- |30 |[[Jigawa]] |0.360 |0.427 |0.431 |841 |- |31 |[[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] |0.359 |0.427 |0.496 |676 |- |32 |[[Zamfara]] |0.339 |0.475 |0.424 |575 |- |33 |[[Borno]] |0.328 |0.364 |0.587 |475 |- |34 |[[Yobe]] |0.325 |0.380 |0.330 |967 |- |35 |[[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] |0.323 |0.396 |0.415 |626 |- |36 |[[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] |0.303 |0.459 |0.440 |400 |- |37 |[[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] |0.291 |0.475 |0.334 |448 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{NigerianStateLists}}{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index}} [[Category:Jerin martaba]] 6vpvmrl77tdzc5fed9yre0ddcnozg4o 166003 166002 2022-08-14T21:24:28Z Uncle Bash007 9891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan shafi ya kunshi '''jerin sunayen [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohin]] [[Najeriya]] dangane da kididdigar Cigaban Jama'a (HDI)''', gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. Jeri na farko daga Jami'ar Radboud Nijmegen ya jera jihohi ta hanyar salon bincike na HDI na duniya. Jeri na biyu ya jaera jihohin ta hanyar tsarin nasu daga Shirin Cigaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. == Jerin (2019, Jami'ar Radboud) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ma'aunin ci gaban jama'a a shekara ta 2019, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. An kuma lissafi da ƙasa da ke da kwatankwacin daraja a shekara guda. [[File:Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg/625px-Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg.png|right|thumb|625x625px|Jihohin Najeriya HDI har zuwa 2019 ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! class="sort" |Daraja ! class="sort" | Jiha ! class="sort" | HDI (2019) |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" | Matsakaicin ci gaban ɗan adam |- | 1 | [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] | 0.686 |- | 2 | [[Ogun]] | 0.675 |- | 3 | [[Anambra|Anambara]] | 0.668 |- | 4 | style="text-align:left" | [[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] | 0.667 |- | 5 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bayelsa]] | 0.655 |- | rowspan="2" | 6 | [[Imo]] | 0.653 |- | [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] | 0.653 |- | rowspan="2" | 8 | style="text-align:left" | [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] | 0.651 |- | [[Abiya]] | 0.650 |- | 10 | [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] | 0.645 |- | 11 | [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] | 0.637 |- | 12 | [[Edo]] | 0.632 |- | rowspan="3" | 13 | style="text-align:left" | [[Ekiti]] | 0.619 |- | [[Cross River]] | 0.619 |- | [[Osun]] | 0.619 |- | 16 | [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] | 0.615 |- | 17 | [[Akwa Ibom]] | 0.613 |- | 18 | [[Benue (jiha)|Binuwai]] | 0.609 |- | 19 | [[Nasarawa]] | 0.581 |- | rowspan="2" | 20 | style="text-align:left" | [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] | 0.576 |- | [[Ebonyi]] | 0.575 |- | 22 | [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] | 0.569 |- | 23 | [[Kogi]] | 0.563 |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#900;" | Ƙananan ci gaban ɗan adam |- style="background:#e6e6e6" | - | style="text-align:left" | '''{{NGA}}'''</img>'''{{NGA}} (matsakaicin)''' | '''0.539''' |- | 24 | [[Borno]] | 0.517 |- | 25 | [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] | 0.516 |- | 26 | [[Taraba]] | 0.506 |- | 27 | [[Adamawa]] | 0.488 |- | rowspan="2" | 28 | [[Neja|Nijar]] | 0.488 |- | [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] | 0.487 |- | 30 | [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] | 0.456 |- | 31 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] | 0.429 |- | 32 | [[Zamfara]] | 0.420 |- | 33 | [[Jigawa]] | 0.415 |- | 34 | [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] | 0.412 |- | 35 | [[Yobe]] | 0.368 |- | 36 | [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] | 0.340 |- | 37 | [[Kebbi]] | 0.339 |- |} == Jerin (2016, UNDP) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ga ma'aunin cigaban jama'a tun daga shekarar 2016, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|babban birnin tarayya]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Rank !State !HDI (2016) !Longevity Index !Education Index !GNI per capita<br /><br />(in USD) |- |1 |[[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] |0.652 |0.459 |1.007 |7,972 |- |2 |[[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Federal Capital Territory]] |0.629 |0.506 |0.815 |8,174 |- |3 |[[Bayelsa]] |0.591 |0.475 |0.926 |3,441 |- |4 |[[Akwa Ibom]] |0.564 |0.491 |0.905 |2,259 |- |5 |[[Ekiti]] |0.561 |0.522 |0.894 |1,898 |- |6 |[[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] |0.556 |0.459 |0.906 |2,408 |- |7 |[[Cross River]] |0.551 |0.538 |0.857 |1,720 |- |8 |[[Ogun]] |0.549 |0.522 |0.780 |2,297 |- |9 |[[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] |0.542 |0.427 |0.922 |2,264 |- |10 |[[Abiya|Abia]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.881 |1,629 |- |10 |[[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.894 |1,573 |- |12 |[[Edo]] |0.530 |0.475 |0.849 |1,798 |- |13 |[[Imo]] |0.518 |0.522 |0.916 |1,080 |- |14 |[[Osun]] |0.512 |0.506 |0.855 |1,225 |- |15 |[[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] |0.511 |0.506 |0.697 |1,910 |- style="background:#e6e6e6" |– |'''{{NGA}}''' |'''0.511''' |'''0.459''' |'''0.797''' |'''1,756''' |- |16 |[[Nasarawa]] |0.506 |0.475 |0.786 |1,562 |- |17 |[[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] |0.500 |0.506 |0.871 |1,031 |- |18 |[[Anambra]] |0.471 |0.443 |0.921 |860 |- |19 |[[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] |0.463 |0.411 |0.766 |1,261 |- |20 |[[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] |0.462 |0.427 |0.806 |1,053 |- |21 |[[Taraba]] |0.461 |0.427 |0.755 |1,178 |- |22 |[[Kogi]] |0.451 |0.411 |0.857 |883 |- |23 |[[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] |0.440 |0.491 |0.683 |851 |- |24 |[[Ebonyi]] |0.434 |0.443 |0.763 |788 |- |25 |[[Adamawa]] |0.429 |0.364 |0.661 |1,369 |- |26 |[[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] |0.404 |0.396 |0.642 |885 |- |27 |[[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] |0.401 |0.443 |0.492 |1,113 |- |28 |[[Neja|Niger]] |0.399 |0.475 |0.560 |772 |- |29 |[[Kebbi]] |0.382 |0.506 |0.396 |988 |- |30 |[[Jigawa]] |0.360 |0.427 |0.431 |841 |- |31 |[[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] |0.359 |0.427 |0.496 |676 |- |32 |[[Zamfara]] |0.339 |0.475 |0.424 |575 |- |33 |[[Borno]] |0.328 |0.364 |0.587 |475 |- |34 |[[Yobe]] |0.325 |0.380 |0.330 |967 |- |35 |[[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] |0.323 |0.396 |0.415 |626 |- |36 |[[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] |0.303 |0.459 |0.440 |400 |- |37 |[[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] |0.291 |0.475 |0.334 |448 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{NigerianStateLists}}{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index}} [[Category:Jerin martaba]] hdj1xyt48gcz7yohziqb50ivdd8korq 166004 166003 2022-08-14T21:25:40Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jerin (2019, Jami'ar Radboud) */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan shafi ya kunshi '''jerin sunayen [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohin]] [[Najeriya]] dangane da kididdigar Cigaban Jama'a (HDI)''', gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. Jeri na farko daga Jami'ar Radboud Nijmegen ya jera jihohi ta hanyar salon bincike na HDI na duniya. Jeri na biyu ya jaera jihohin ta hanyar tsarin nasu daga Shirin Cigaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. == Jerin (2019, Jami'ar Radboud) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ma'aunin ci gaban jama'a a shekara ta 2019, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. An kuma lissafi da ƙasa da ke da kwatankwacin daraja a shekara guda.<ref>"Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab". ''globaldatalab.org''. Retrieved 2020-02-27.</ref> [[File:Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg/625px-Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg.png|right|thumb|625x625px|Jihohin Najeriya HDI har zuwa 2019 ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! class="sort" |Daraja ! class="sort" | Jiha ! class="sort" | HDI (2019) |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" | Matsakaicin ci gaban ɗan adam |- | 1 | [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] | 0.686 |- | 2 | [[Ogun]] | 0.675 |- | 3 | [[Anambra|Anambara]] | 0.668 |- | 4 | style="text-align:left" | [[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] | 0.667 |- | 5 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bayelsa]] | 0.655 |- | rowspan="2" | 6 | [[Imo]] | 0.653 |- | [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] | 0.653 |- | rowspan="2" | 8 | style="text-align:left" | [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] | 0.651 |- | [[Abiya]] | 0.650 |- | 10 | [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] | 0.645 |- | 11 | [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] | 0.637 |- | 12 | [[Edo]] | 0.632 |- | rowspan="3" | 13 | style="text-align:left" | [[Ekiti]] | 0.619 |- | [[Cross River]] | 0.619 |- | [[Osun]] | 0.619 |- | 16 | [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] | 0.615 |- | 17 | [[Akwa Ibom]] | 0.613 |- | 18 | [[Benue (jiha)|Binuwai]] | 0.609 |- | 19 | [[Nasarawa]] | 0.581 |- | rowspan="2" | 20 | style="text-align:left" | [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] | 0.576 |- | [[Ebonyi]] | 0.575 |- | 22 | [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] | 0.569 |- | 23 | [[Kogi]] | 0.563 |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#900;" | Ƙananan ci gaban ɗan adam |- style="background:#e6e6e6" | - | style="text-align:left" | '''{{NGA}}'''</img>'''{{NGA}} (matsakaicin)''' | '''0.539''' |- | 24 | [[Borno]] | 0.517 |- | 25 | [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] | 0.516 |- | 26 | [[Taraba]] | 0.506 |- | 27 | [[Adamawa]] | 0.488 |- | rowspan="2" | 28 | [[Neja|Nijar]] | 0.488 |- | [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] | 0.487 |- | 30 | [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] | 0.456 |- | 31 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] | 0.429 |- | 32 | [[Zamfara]] | 0.420 |- | 33 | [[Jigawa]] | 0.415 |- | 34 | [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] | 0.412 |- | 35 | [[Yobe]] | 0.368 |- | 36 | [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] | 0.340 |- | 37 | [[Kebbi]] | 0.339 |- |} == Jerin (2016, UNDP) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ga ma'aunin cigaban jama'a tun daga shekarar 2016, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|babban birnin tarayya]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Rank !State !HDI (2016) !Longevity Index !Education Index !GNI per capita<br /><br />(in USD) |- |1 |[[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] |0.652 |0.459 |1.007 |7,972 |- |2 |[[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Federal Capital Territory]] |0.629 |0.506 |0.815 |8,174 |- |3 |[[Bayelsa]] |0.591 |0.475 |0.926 |3,441 |- |4 |[[Akwa Ibom]] |0.564 |0.491 |0.905 |2,259 |- |5 |[[Ekiti]] |0.561 |0.522 |0.894 |1,898 |- |6 |[[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] |0.556 |0.459 |0.906 |2,408 |- |7 |[[Cross River]] |0.551 |0.538 |0.857 |1,720 |- |8 |[[Ogun]] |0.549 |0.522 |0.780 |2,297 |- |9 |[[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] |0.542 |0.427 |0.922 |2,264 |- |10 |[[Abiya|Abia]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.881 |1,629 |- |10 |[[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.894 |1,573 |- |12 |[[Edo]] |0.530 |0.475 |0.849 |1,798 |- |13 |[[Imo]] |0.518 |0.522 |0.916 |1,080 |- |14 |[[Osun]] |0.512 |0.506 |0.855 |1,225 |- |15 |[[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] |0.511 |0.506 |0.697 |1,910 |- style="background:#e6e6e6" |– |'''{{NGA}}''' |'''0.511''' |'''0.459''' |'''0.797''' |'''1,756''' |- |16 |[[Nasarawa]] |0.506 |0.475 |0.786 |1,562 |- |17 |[[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] |0.500 |0.506 |0.871 |1,031 |- |18 |[[Anambra]] |0.471 |0.443 |0.921 |860 |- |19 |[[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] |0.463 |0.411 |0.766 |1,261 |- |20 |[[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] |0.462 |0.427 |0.806 |1,053 |- |21 |[[Taraba]] |0.461 |0.427 |0.755 |1,178 |- |22 |[[Kogi]] |0.451 |0.411 |0.857 |883 |- |23 |[[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] |0.440 |0.491 |0.683 |851 |- |24 |[[Ebonyi]] |0.434 |0.443 |0.763 |788 |- |25 |[[Adamawa]] |0.429 |0.364 |0.661 |1,369 |- |26 |[[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] |0.404 |0.396 |0.642 |885 |- |27 |[[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] |0.401 |0.443 |0.492 |1,113 |- |28 |[[Neja|Niger]] |0.399 |0.475 |0.560 |772 |- |29 |[[Kebbi]] |0.382 |0.506 |0.396 |988 |- |30 |[[Jigawa]] |0.360 |0.427 |0.431 |841 |- |31 |[[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] |0.359 |0.427 |0.496 |676 |- |32 |[[Zamfara]] |0.339 |0.475 |0.424 |575 |- |33 |[[Borno]] |0.328 |0.364 |0.587 |475 |- |34 |[[Yobe]] |0.325 |0.380 |0.330 |967 |- |35 |[[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] |0.323 |0.396 |0.415 |626 |- |36 |[[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] |0.303 |0.459 |0.440 |400 |- |37 |[[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] |0.291 |0.475 |0.334 |448 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{NigerianStateLists}}{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index}} [[Category:Jerin martaba]] btysxl67hfq3ocbjsmy0nz9nh3tfhms 166005 166004 2022-08-14T21:26:43Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Jerin (2016, UNDP) */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan shafi ya kunshi '''jerin sunayen [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohin]] [[Najeriya]] dangane da kididdigar Cigaban Jama'a (HDI)''', gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. Jeri na farko daga Jami'ar Radboud Nijmegen ya jera jihohi ta hanyar salon bincike na HDI na duniya. Jeri na biyu ya jaera jihohin ta hanyar tsarin nasu daga Shirin Cigaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. == Jerin (2019, Jami'ar Radboud) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ma'aunin ci gaban jama'a a shekara ta 2019, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]]. An kuma lissafi da ƙasa da ke da kwatankwacin daraja a shekara guda.<ref>"Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab". ''globaldatalab.org''. Retrieved 2020-02-27.</ref> [[File:Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg/625px-Nigerian_States_2018_HDI.svg.png|right|thumb|625x625px|Jihohin Najeriya HDI har zuwa 2019 ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! class="sort" |Daraja ! class="sort" | Jiha ! class="sort" | HDI (2019) |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" | Matsakaicin ci gaban ɗan adam |- | 1 | [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] | 0.686 |- | 2 | [[Ogun]] | 0.675 |- | 3 | [[Anambra|Anambara]] | 0.668 |- | 4 | style="text-align:left" | [[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] | 0.667 |- | 5 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bayelsa]] | 0.655 |- | rowspan="2" | 6 | [[Imo]] | 0.653 |- | [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] | 0.653 |- | rowspan="2" | 8 | style="text-align:left" | [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] | 0.651 |- | [[Abiya]] | 0.650 |- | 10 | [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] | 0.645 |- | 11 | [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] | 0.637 |- | 12 | [[Edo]] | 0.632 |- | rowspan="3" | 13 | style="text-align:left" | [[Ekiti]] | 0.619 |- | [[Cross River]] | 0.619 |- | [[Osun]] | 0.619 |- | 16 | [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] | 0.615 |- | 17 | [[Akwa Ibom]] | 0.613 |- | 18 | [[Benue (jiha)|Binuwai]] | 0.609 |- | 19 | [[Nasarawa]] | 0.581 |- | rowspan="2" | 20 | style="text-align:left" | [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] | 0.576 |- | [[Ebonyi]] | 0.575 |- | 22 | [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] | 0.569 |- | 23 | [[Kogi]] | 0.563 |- ! colspan="3" style="color:#900;" | Ƙananan ci gaban ɗan adam |- style="background:#e6e6e6" | - | style="text-align:left" | '''{{NGA}}'''</img>'''{{NGA}} (matsakaicin)''' | '''0.539''' |- | 24 | [[Borno]] | 0.517 |- | 25 | [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] | 0.516 |- | 26 | [[Taraba]] | 0.506 |- | 27 | [[Adamawa]] | 0.488 |- | rowspan="2" | 28 | [[Neja|Nijar]] | 0.488 |- | [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] | 0.487 |- | 30 | [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] | 0.456 |- | 31 | style="text-align:left" | [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] | 0.429 |- | 32 | [[Zamfara]] | 0.420 |- | 33 | [[Jigawa]] | 0.415 |- | 34 | [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] | 0.412 |- | 35 | [[Yobe]] | 0.368 |- | 36 | [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] | 0.340 |- | 37 | [[Kebbi]] | 0.339 |- |} == Jerin (2016, UNDP) == Jihohin Najeriya bisa ga ma'aunin cigaban jama'a tun daga shekarar 2016, gami da [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|babban birnin tarayya]].<ref>National Human Development Report 2018" (PDF).</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Rank !State !HDI (2016) !Longevity Index !Education Index !GNI per capita<br /><br />(in USD) |- |1 |[[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] |0.652 |0.459 |1.007 |7,972 |- |2 |[[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Federal Capital Territory]] |0.629 |0.506 |0.815 |8,174 |- |3 |[[Bayelsa]] |0.591 |0.475 |0.926 |3,441 |- |4 |[[Akwa Ibom]] |0.564 |0.491 |0.905 |2,259 |- |5 |[[Ekiti]] |0.561 |0.522 |0.894 |1,898 |- |6 |[[Delta (jiha)|Delta]] |0.556 |0.459 |0.906 |2,408 |- |7 |[[Cross River]] |0.551 |0.538 |0.857 |1,720 |- |8 |[[Ogun]] |0.549 |0.522 |0.780 |2,297 |- |9 |[[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] |0.542 |0.427 |0.922 |2,264 |- |10 |[[Abiya|Abia]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.881 |1,629 |- |10 |[[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]] |0.541 |0.506 |0.894 |1,573 |- |12 |[[Edo]] |0.530 |0.475 |0.849 |1,798 |- |13 |[[Imo]] |0.518 |0.522 |0.916 |1,080 |- |14 |[[Osun]] |0.512 |0.506 |0.855 |1,225 |- |15 |[[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] |0.511 |0.506 |0.697 |1,910 |- style="background:#e6e6e6" |– |'''{{NGA}}''' |'''0.511''' |'''0.459''' |'''0.797''' |'''1,756''' |- |16 |[[Nasarawa]] |0.506 |0.475 |0.786 |1,562 |- |17 |[[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] |0.500 |0.506 |0.871 |1,031 |- |18 |[[Anambra]] |0.471 |0.443 |0.921 |860 |- |19 |[[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]] |0.463 |0.411 |0.766 |1,261 |- |20 |[[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] |0.462 |0.427 |0.806 |1,053 |- |21 |[[Taraba]] |0.461 |0.427 |0.755 |1,178 |- |22 |[[Kogi]] |0.451 |0.411 |0.857 |883 |- |23 |[[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]] |0.440 |0.491 |0.683 |851 |- |24 |[[Ebonyi]] |0.434 |0.443 |0.763 |788 |- |25 |[[Adamawa]] |0.429 |0.364 |0.661 |1,369 |- |26 |[[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] |0.404 |0.396 |0.642 |885 |- |27 |[[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] |0.401 |0.443 |0.492 |1,113 |- |28 |[[Neja|Niger]] |0.399 |0.475 |0.560 |772 |- |29 |[[Kebbi]] |0.382 |0.506 |0.396 |988 |- |30 |[[Jigawa]] |0.360 |0.427 |0.431 |841 |- |31 |[[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] |0.359 |0.427 |0.496 |676 |- |32 |[[Zamfara]] |0.339 |0.475 |0.424 |575 |- |33 |[[Borno]] |0.328 |0.364 |0.587 |475 |- |34 |[[Yobe]] |0.325 |0.380 |0.330 |967 |- |35 |[[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] |0.323 |0.396 |0.415 |626 |- |36 |[[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]] |0.303 |0.459 |0.440 |400 |- |37 |[[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] |0.291 |0.475 |0.334 |448 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{NigerianStateLists}}{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index}} [[Category:Jerin martaba]] j32zpezb9rnfmbzzbekbq2208cgwspr 0 35313 166056 2022-08-14T23:13:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1075958219|Yakö people]]" wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Yakö|native_name=Lokạạ|native_name_lang=|image=HRM Obol Ofem Ubana Eteng Usukali, Obol Lopon of Ugep.JPG|image_caption=Ceremony of the coronation and presentation of the new Obol Lopon of Ugep|total=120,000|total_year=1989|total_source=estimate|total_ref=|regions=[[Yakurr Local Government]] ([[Nigeria]])|languages=[[Yakö language|Yakö]]|religions=[[Christianity]]|related_groups=[[Bahumono]], [[Efik people|Efik]] and [[Igbo people|Igbo]]}} [[Category:Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters|IRYakö people]] '''Mutanen Yakurr''' (ko kuma Yakö da Yakạ) suna zaune ne a ƙauyuka biyar na [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]] (Obono 2001, shafi na 200.p&nbsp;3), a [[Najeriya]]. An fi sanin su da Umor, Ekoli, Ilomi, Nkoibolokom da Yakurr be Ibe. A dalilin matsalolin harshe da [[Turai|Turawan]] da suka ziyarci yankin na farko suka fuskanta, an san ƙauyuka da sunaye wadanda ba daidai ake kiransu ba – Ugep, Ekori, Idomi, Nko da Mkpani (Okoi-Uyouyo 2002). Daga ƙarshe, sun zamo samfurin ''yakpanikpani'' (kalmar Lokạ dake nufin "dabarun"), suna ne, wanda Enang (1980) ya ce mutanen Ugep sun ba su bayan an yaudare su a cikin rikici ( ''Yakurr News'' ). == Yanki == An fi samun mutanen Yakurr a yankunan da ke tsakanin latitudes 50 401 da 60 101 na arewacin equator da longitudes 80 21 da 60 101 gabas da Greenwich Meridian da {{Convert|120|km|mi}} daga arewa maso yammacin [[Kalaba|Calabar]], babban birnin jihar Cross River. Ana samun su a karamar hukumar Yakurr a yau kuma su ne kabila mafi girma a jihar. Sun hada iyakokinsu daga arewa da gabas da kabilun Assiga, Nyima da kabilun Agoi na karamar hukumar Yakurr, ita hada iyaka daga kudu da karamar hukumar [[Biase]] sannan ta hada iyaka daga yamma da karamar hukumar [[Abi]]. Zuwa shekarar 1935, mutanen Yakurr suna da yawa kimanin 22,000 da 38,000 ta 1953 (1939, 1950, da 1964; Hansford ''et al.'' 1976; da Crabb 1969). Kananan hukumomi da jihohi sunyi watsi da kididdigar yawan jama'ar Yakurr bisa ƙidayar jama'a ta 1991su saboda rashin daidaituwarsu . Har yanzu ba'a saki sakamakon kidayar jama’a ta shekara ta 2006 da gwamnatin Najeriya ta yi akan yawan mutanenta ba .{{When|date=April 2016}} <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup> == Asali == Harshen da Yakurr ke magana shi shine Lokạ, yaren Upper Cross River. Iwara (1988) ya bayyana harshen a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan harsunan jihar Cross River, zasu iya kwatantuwa da mutanen [[Harshen Efik|Efik]] dangane da yawan masu magana da ita, wacce ke da matsayi na musamman na lingua franca a jihar. A cewar Ethnologue, mutane 120.000 ne ke magana a da harshen a shekarar 1989 (Eberhard ''et al.'' 2019). Mutanen Yakurr suna ɗabi'u daban daban na zamantakewa, amma ɗabi'ar harshe, siyasa, addini da al'adu. A rashin ajiyayyun rubuce-rubucen, tsarin harshe, siyasa, addini da al'adu iri ɗaya na daga cikin tabbatattun shaidu na kafa zuriya da alaƙar halitta mai karfi. Duk mutanen Yakurr suna ikirarin al'ada ta ƙaura daga yankuna da kuma kakanni. Ƙasar kakannin mutanen Yakurr ita ce "Akpa", an ce gajeriyar sunan "Lẹkanakpakpa" ce. An yi imani da cewa wannan yanki yana da alaka Kamaru-Obudu kamar yadda yake a yau. Yakurr sun ambaci mutanen Okuni, Nsofan da Ojo a matsayin makwabtansu a Lẹkanakpakpa. Al'adun Okuni, Nsofan da Ojo suyi da da'awar cewa sunyi rayuwa da Yakurr a Lẹkanakpakpa, wanda mutanen Okuni da Nsofan ke kira "Onugi" da kuma Läkpamkpa ta mutanen Ojo. Hijirar mutanen Yakurr daga ƙasar kakanninsu ta faro ne tun daga shekara ta 1617 miladiyya, a lokacin da aka samu rashin fahimtar juna tsakanin su Yakurr da maƙwabtansu, sakamakon keta al'adar binne su ya tilasta wa maƙwabtansu yaƙi da su, wanda ya sa aka kore su daga ƙasarsu ta gado. Tarihin hijira na mutanen Yakurr, kamar yadda Ubi (1986 da 1978) ya bayar, ya kasance, tsakanin 1617 zuwa 1677, Yakurr sunyi hijira daga wannan mahaifar kakanni domin neman sabuwar kasa bayan anci galabar sojojinsu a hannun Akpa. Kusan AD 1660, wasu matafiya na Yakurr sun kafa sabbin gidajen zama a yankuna da suke a yanzu. Wadannan wurare sune Idomi da Ugep. A tsakanin shekara ta 1677 zuwa 1707, wasu 'yan ciranin Yakurr sun kafa garuruwan Ekori da Nko. Tsakanin 1707 da 1737 duk da haka wata ayarin 'yan hijira na Yakurr ta kafa mazaunin Mkpani. Dalilan da ya sa 'yan kabilar Yakur suka sake matsuguni a sabbin yankuna sun kasance musamman saboda bukatu na albarkatun kasa, sakamakon karuwar al'umma ta wata fuskar da kuma rikice-rikicen ta wata fuskar. Wannan cigaban na taimakawa ta hanyar auratayya da ƙaƙƙarfan magabata a cikin tsarin iyali. Don haka ya kasance mai sauƙi ga mutanen suyi ƙaura zuwa sababbin ƙauyuka. Wannan ya haifar da ɗan kamanceceniya a cikin sunayen 'yan gudun hijira da kuma na mutanen kauyukan da suka riska a duk ƙauyukan Yakurr. == Al'adu ==   == Shahararrun mutane == * Okoi Arikpo, Ministan Harkokin Wajen Tarayyar Najeriya mafi dadewa a kan karagar mulki, kuma Sakataren Majagaba, Hukumar Kula da Jami'o'i ta Kasa. * Clement Ebri, tsohon gwamnan jihar Cross River. * Eteng Okoi-Obuli, Ministan Noma, Jamhuriyya ta Biyu. * [[Ibok Ekwe Ibas|Ibok-Ete Ekwe Ibas]], Vice Admiral, da kuma tsohon babban hafsan sojin ruwa * [[Usani Uguru Usani]], Tsohon Ministan Neja Delta. * Etowa Eyong Arikpo, Tsohon Atoni Janar, kuma Alkalin Alkalan Jihar Kuros Riba * Okoi Ikpi Itam, Tsohon Alkalin Alkalan Jihar Kuros Riba. * Eka Ikpi Braide, Pioneer Vice-Chancellor, Cross River University of Science & Technology, and Federal University of Lafia, Nassarawa * Efa Iwara, ɗan wasan Najeriya kuma mawaki == Manazarta == * Crabb, DW (1969) ''Ekoi Bantu Languages of Ogoja'', Oxford University Press, [[Landan|London]] . * * Enang, SB (1980) ''Mkpani Pre-Colonial History'', Jami'ar Calabar BA Tarihi Project. * Hansford, K.; Bendor-Samuel, J. da Stanford, R. (eds.) (1976) ''Nazarin Harsunan Najeriya'', Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna ta Summer, [[Accra]] . * Iwara, AU (1988) ''Karatu da Rubutu Lokạ'', Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka ta Jami'ar Ibadan, [[Ibadan]] . * * Okoi-Uyouyo, M. (2002) ''Yakurr Tsarin Zumunci, Iyali da Aure'', Bookman, Calabar. * ''Ubi'', OA (1986).&nbsp;7-8. * Ubi, OA (1978) ''The Yakurr: A Sake Gina Tarihin Kafin Mulkin Mallaka'', Jami'ar Legas Tsarin Tarihin PhD . * [http://www.yakurrreporters.com ''Labaran Yakurr Sabbin'' bayanai game da mutanen Yakurr.] == Kara karantawa == * Forde, D. (1939) "Kinship in Umor" ''Masanin ilimin Anthropology na Amirka'', Vol. 41, shafi.&nbsp;530-540. * Forde, D. (1950) “Descent Biyu Tsakanin Yakö” a cikin Radcliffe-Brown, AR da Forde, D. (eds. ) ''Tsarin Zumunci da Aure na Afirka'', Jami'ar Oxford Press, London. * Forde, D. (1964) ''Yakö Studies'', Oxford University Press, London. {{LGAs and communities of Cross River State}}{{Ethnic groups in Nigeria}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Kabilun Najeriya]] [[Category:Jihar Cross River]] 2x566rzwc948j8k2qtbmoprrp3d656g 0 35314 166060 2022-08-14T23:28:05Z Uncle Bash007 9891 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1095513076|Jagham language]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language|name=Ekoi|nativename=Ejagham|states=[[Nigeria]], [[Cameroon]]|ethnicity=[[Ekoi people]]|speakers={{sigfig|116,700|2}}|date=2000|ref=e18|familycolor=Niger-Congo|fam2=[[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]]|fam3=[[Volta-Congo]]|fam4=[[Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo]]|fam5=[[Bantoid]]|fam6=[[Southern Bantoid languages|Southern Bantoid]]|fam7=[[Ekoid languages|Ekoid]]–[[Mbe language|Mbe]]|fam8=[[Ekoid languages|Ekoid]]|dia1=Bendeghe|dia2=Northern Etung|dia3=Southern Etung|dia4=Ekwe|dia5=Akamkpa-Ejagham|dia6=Keaka|dia7=Obang|dia8=Nkim|dia9=Nkum|dia10=Ekajuk|script=[[Nsibidi]] [[Latin script]]|iso3=etu|glotto=ejag1239|glottorefname=Ejagham}} Harshen '''Jagham''', '''''Ejagham''''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Ekoi''', [[Harsunan Ekoi|harshe ne na Ekoid]] dake [[Najeriya]] da [[Kamaru]] wanda mutanen [[Mutanen Ekoi|Ekoi ke]] amfani da ita. E- dake cikin kalmar Ejagham na wakiltar prefix na aji don "harshe", kwatankwacin Bantu ki- a yaren KiSwahili Ekoi na daya daga cikin mutane da dama da ke amfani da akidar Nsibidi, watakila kuma su ne suka kirkiro su. == Tsarin Rubutu == John R. Watters da Kathie Watters sun kirkiro haruffan Jagham a shekarar 1981. {| class="wikitable" |+Harafin Jagham na Yamma {{Sfn|Tadadjeu|1993}} <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="More information is required to link this short citation to its long citation. (June 2022)">gajeriyar</span></nowiki>'' magana &#x5D;</sup> | a | b | bh | ch | d | e | ə | f | g | gb | gh ku | i | j | k | kp | m | n | yi | ŋ | o | p | r | s | t | ku | ʉ | w | y |} == Yaruka == Ekoi ta bambanta da sauran yare. Yaren Ejagham sun kasu zuwa kashi na Yamma da na Gabas: * Ire-iren yamma sun hada da Bendeghe, Arewa da Kudancin Etung, Ekwe da Akamkpa-Ejagham; * Ire-iren gabas sun haɗa da Keaka da Obang. Blench (2019) kuma ya lissafo Ekin a matsayin harshen Ejagham. == Tsari == Ekoi yana da azuzuwan suna kamar haka, wanda aka jera anan tare da makamantan su na yaren Bantu. Watters (1981) ya ce akwai kaɗan fiye da na Bantu saboda haɗuwa (aji na 4 zuwa 3, 7 zuwa 6, da dai sauransu), ko da yake Blench ya lura cewa babu wani dalili na tunanin cewa harshen asalin na da nau'o'in suna da yawa kamar proto. - Bantu . {| !Sunan class ! Prefix ! Concord |- | 1 | N- | w, ɲ |- | 2 | a- | b |- | 3 | N- | m |- | 5 | e- | j |- | 6 | a- | m |- | 8 | bi- | b |- | 9 | N- | j, ɲ |- | 14 | ta- | b |- | 19 | i- | f |} ('N' na nufin harafin da ke fita ta hanci. 'j' shine "y". ) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\bco\eko&limit=-1 Ejagham asali lexicon a Global Lexicostatistical Database] {{Ekoid languages}} [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] mgh2z27ai2spyobg16wf0m8muz14pkf 0 35315 166076 2022-08-14T23:45:06Z 87.88.183.191 ISSOU wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Samwell 2007.JPG]][[File:George-W-Bush.jpeg|400px]][[File:Donald Trump official portrait.jpg|400px]][[File:Maître Gims Cannes 2016 2.jpg|400px]] 72iymx2iwcr0jgzsdfzj3x3v20brn7f 0 35316 166098 2022-08-15T06:46:12Z El-Abdallaah 17926 Sabon shafi: Hatsi kwaya ce dake fitowa daga cikin karkashin ƙasa ta hanyar shukata da manomi keyi harta kai matakin da za'a girbe ta. Hatsi ƙwayar halitta ce da duk wani dan'adam dake doron ƙasa sai yayi amfani da ita wurin gudanar da Rayuwar shi ta yau da kullum. shi dai wannan ƙwayar Hasti yakan yi nunar sa ne ayayin da aka fuskanta ce kaka tayi wato lokacin iska,bayan an shafe watanni shida ana ruwa sama kamar da bakin kwarya harta kai da wannan shukar tayi girma ta fitar da amfanin... wikitext text/x-wiki Hatsi kwaya ce dake fitowa daga cikin karkashin ƙasa ta hanyar shukata da manomi keyi harta kai matakin da za'a girbe ta. Hatsi ƙwayar halitta ce da duk wani dan'adam dake doron ƙasa sai yayi amfani da ita wurin gudanar da Rayuwar shi ta yau da kullum. shi dai wannan ƙwayar Hasti yakan yi nunar sa ne ayayin da aka fuskanta ce kaka tayi wato lokacin iska,bayan an shafe watanni shida ana ruwa sama kamar da bakin kwarya harta kai da wannan shukar tayi girma ta fitar da amfanin agare ta.a irin wannan lokaci manoma sukanyi murna shiga irin wannan lokaci harta kai da sunyi tanajin abin auren ƴaƴansu. ==ire-iren ƙwayar Hatsi== Akwai;Gero,shinkafa,masara,Dawa,Maiwa,Alkama,wake dadai sauran su. ==Gero== Gero ƙwayar hatsi ne da yake fitowa a karkashin ƙasa a yayin da Damina ta sauka,a daidai lokacin da manomi ya gane cewa Damina ta kama yakan ziyarci Gonar sa domin yayi shara,ya kuma yi aikace-aikacen sa kafin ya zuba taki ya fara [[Noma]]. ==Shinkafa== shinkafa ƙwayar Hatsi ne da take fitowa a karkashin ƙasa Musamman wuri da yake da danshi,akanyi Noman shinkafa a cikin damina,bayan rani manomi yakan girbi ta. ==Masara== ƙwayar masara, ƙwaya ce data ke fitowa a doron kasa bayan manomi yayi mata hidima har ta kai lokacin gibi,Masara tana da amfanin a jikin mutum dama sauran halittun kamar dabbobin Gida irin su kaji da dai sauransu. ==Dawa== Dawa ƙwaya ce dake fitowa daga karkashin kasa bayan anyi hidima nomata,tana da matuƙar amfani ajikin ɗan Adam musamman idan ya lazimta cin towon ta ko kunun ta,akanyi giya da ita musamman kanfanoni. ==Maiwa== ƙwayar Hatsi ta maiwa kamar gero take ammah kowacce akwai Amfanin ta a jikin ɗan Adam, mutanen karkara su kanyi kokon maiwa. ==Alkama== ƙwayar Hatsi na [[Alkama]] ƙwaya ce dake fita daga cikin ƙasa,kuma dai ita Alkama tafi son wurin sanyi.manoman ta sukan shukata kafin ruwa ya dauke.al'umma sukanyi amfani da alkama wurin yin [ [girke-girke]] sannan akwai sina darai masu matuƙar amfani a jikin mutum. ==Wake== wake ƙwayar Hatsi ne da yake da matukar tasiri a jikin mutum, manoma suna da himma wurin shuka wake a irin yankunan arewacin Najeriya kamar jahohin arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas. 5yhnlvew4ohm2mma0jefxrdaojkmbuh 0 35317 166124 2022-08-15T08:53:31Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/975043840|Sherwood (town), Wisconsin]]" wikitext text/x-wiki : ''Hakanan akwai ƙauyen Sherwood a cikin gundumar Calumet .'' '''Sherwood''' birni ne, da ke a gundumar Clark a cikin [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Amurika|jihar]] [[Wisconsin]] ta Amurka. Yawan jama'a ya kai 252 a ƙidayar 2000. Ƙungiyoyin da ba su da haɗin kai na Nevins da Sherwood suna cikin garin. == Geography == [[File:WIMap-doton-Sherwood.png|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/WIMap-doton-Sherwood.png|alt=Location of Sherwood, Wisconsin|right| Location Sherwood, Wisconsin]] Dangane da Ofishin Kididdiga ta Amurka, garin yana da jimillar yanki na 36.0&nbsp;murabba'in mil (93.1&nbsp;km {{Sup|2}} ), daga ciki, 35.7&nbsp;murabba'in mil (92.6&nbsp;km {{Sup|2}} ) nasa kasa ne da 0.2&nbsp;murabba'in mil (0.6&nbsp;km {{Sup|2}} ) daga ciki (0.61%) ruwa ne. == Alkaluma == A ƙidayar 2000 akwai mutane 252, gidaje 90, da iyalai 73 a garin. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 7.1 a kowace murabba'in mil (2.7/km {{Sup|2}} ). Akwai rukunin gidaje 152 a matsakaicin yawa na 4.3/sq&nbsp;mi (1.6/km {{Sup|2}} ). Tsarin launin fata na garin ya kasance 96.43% Fari, 0.79% Ba'amurke Ba'amurke, 0.40% Ba'amurke, 0.40% daga sauran jinsi, da 1.98% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowane jinsi sun kasance 0.40%. Daga cikin gidaje 90, kashi 31.1% na da yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 da ke zaune tare da su, kashi 70.0% ma’aurata ne da ke zaune tare, kashi 4.4% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 17.8% kuma ba iyali ba ne. 16.7% na gidaje mutum ɗaya ne kuma 3.3% mutum ɗaya ne mai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 2.80 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.12. Rarraba shekarun ya kasance 25.8% a ƙarƙashin shekarun 18, 5.6% daga 18 zuwa 24, 27.4% daga 25 zuwa 44, 19.0% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 22.2% 65 ko fiye. Tsakanin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 40. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 101.6. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 105.5. Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga gida shine $36,250 kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga iyali shine $36,250. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $28,438 sabanin $23,750 na mata. Kudin kowa da kowa na garin shine $16,365. Kusan 2.8% na iyalai da 4.5% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 3.6% na waɗanda 65 ko sama da su. == Nassoshi == <references /> {{Clark County, Wisconsin}}{{Coord|44|28|49|N|90|22|32|W|region:US_type:city_source:kolossus-eswiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|44|28|49|N|90|22|32|W|region:US_type:city_source:kolossus-eswiki}} 82cp358482itkg0g37q73rxotxz4zi6 0 35318 166125 2022-08-15T09:00:35Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1068274752|South Meetinghouse]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dablink|For the historic church in Boston, Massachusetts, see [[Old South Meeting House]].}}{{Infobox NRHP|name=South Meetinghouse|nrhp_type=|image=PortsmouthNH SouthMeetinghouse.jpg|caption=|location=Marcy St. and Meeting House Hill, [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]]|coordinates={{coord|43|4|29|N|70|45|10|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=New Hampshire#USA|built=1866|architect=Wilson, Isaiah|architecture=Greek Revival, Italianate|added=April 19, 1982|area={{convert|0.2|acre}}|refnum=82001695<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref>}} Gidan Taro na '''Kudu''' babban zauren [[Mazaba|unguwa]] ne mai tarihi a titin 260 Marcy (kusurwar Ganawar House Hill) a Portsmouth, New Hampshire . An kammala shi a cikin 1866, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun misalan birni na gine-ginen Italiyanci, kuma wani misali mai wuyar rayuwa na zauren unguwa na ƙarni na 19. An jera ginin a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1982. Ana ci gaba da amfani da shi azaman albarkatun al'umma. == Bayani da tarihi == Gidan Taro na Kudu yana cikin yankin zama na kudu na Portsmouth, a kusurwar arewa maso yamma na titin Marcy da Hill Hill. Wanda yake fuskantar titin Marcy, tsari ne mai hawa biyu na itace, tare da rufaffiyar rufi da tafawa waje. Abubuwan salo na Italiyanci na waje sun haɗa da tagogi masu zagaye-zagaye, da rufin da aka manne a saman hasumiya mai hawa biyu. Babban ƙofa yana da matsuguni da baranda mai ramuka huɗu na Revival ta Girka tare da ginshiƙan Doric da ginshiƙan Ionic, wanda ke faɗaɗa faɗin facade na gaba. Ciki yana da wurin ɗorawa tare da matakala biyu yana ba da damar zuwa matakin sama. Ƙasar ƙasa ta kasu kashi biyu, tare da ginshiƙan ƙarfe guda biyu masu goyan bayan rufi da matakin sama, wanda ke da babban ɗaki mai tsayi guda ɗaya. An gina gidan taron akan wurin wani gidan taro na 1731, kuma shine kawai babban tsarin jama'a a gefen kudu na Portsmouth. An gina shi a cikin 1866, bayan shekaru da yawa na tayar da hankali daga mazauna yankin don taron jama'a a gundumar kudu ta birnin. Kwamitin da majalisar birnin ta nada ne ya tsara ginin, kuma an gina shi kan kudi dala 9,600. Babban matakin ginin ya kasance babban wurin taron jama'a, kuma an ga amfani da shi don taron siyasa, zaɓen unguwanni, da hidimar addini. == Duba kuma == * Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin Rockingham County, New Hampshire == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{NRHP in Rockingham County, New Hampshire}} ah3fg26ij77z9h6sdx4xxrgcfhkby8k 0 35319 166126 2022-08-15T09:07:45Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1100150492|Marble, Minnesota]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Marble|settlement_type=[[City]]|nickname=|motto=<!-- Images -->|image_skyline=BoardHouseMarbleMN.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Oliver Boarding House on Jessie Street in Marble, Minnesota|image_flag=|image_seal=<!-- Maps -->|image_map=Itasca_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Marble_Highlighted.svg|mapsize=250px|map_caption=Location of the city of Marble<br>within Itasca County, Minnesota|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=<!-- Location -->|subdivision_type=[[List of sovereign states|Country]]|subdivision_name=United States|subdivision_type1=[[U.S. state|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Minnesota]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of counties in Minnesota|County]]|subdivision_name2=[[Itasca County, Minnesota|Itasca]] <!-- Government -->|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=|leader_name=|leader_title1=|leader_name1=|established_title=|established_date=<!-- Area -->|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}</ref>|area_magnitude=|area_total_km2=11.59|area_land_km2=11.33|area_water_km2=0.26|area_total_sq_mi=4.47|area_land_sq_mi=4.37|area_water_sq_mi=0.10 <!-- Population -->|population_as_of=[[2020 United States Census|2020]]|population_est=|pop_est_as_of=|population_footnotes=|population_total=610|population_density_km2=53.85|population_density_sq_mi=139.49 <!-- General information -->|timezone=[[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=CDT|utc_offset_DST=-5|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=432|elevation_ft=1417|coordinates={{coord|47|19|10|N|93|17|46|W|region:US-MN|display=inline}}|postal_code_type=[[ZIP code]]|postal_code=55764|area_code=[[Area code 218|218]]|blank_name=[[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]|blank_info=27-40418<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>|blank1_name=[[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID|blank1_info=0657313<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>|website=|footnotes=|pop_est_footnotes=}} '''Marble''' birni ne, da ke a gundumar Itasca, a Jihar [[Minnesota]], a ƙasar Amirka. Yana daga cikin jerin ƙananan garuruwan hakar ma'adinai da ake kira Range Iron. Yawan jama'a ya kasance 701 a ƙidayar 2010 . Hanyar US 169 tana aiki azaman babbar hanya a cikin al'umma. == Geography == Dangane da Ofishin Kididdiga ta Amurka, birnin yana da jimillar yanki na {{Convert|4.45|sqmi|sqkm|2}} , wanda daga ciki {{Convert|4.35|sqmi|sqkm|2}} ƙasa ce kuma {{Convert|0.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} ruwa ne. == Alkaluma == {{US Census population|1910=887|1920=742|1930=738|1940=792|1950=867|1960=879|1970=682|1980=757|1990=618|2000=695|2010=701|2020=610|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref>}} === ƙidayar 2010 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2010, akwai mutane 701, gidaje 281, da iyalai 174 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance {{Convert|161.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}} . Akwai rukunin gidaje 315 a matsakaicin yawa na {{Convert|72.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}} . Tsarin launin fata na birnin ya kasance 93.4% Fari, 0.6% Ba'amurke, 3.1% Ba'amurke, 0.4% Asiya, da 2.4% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 0.3% na yawan jama'a. Magidanta 281 ne, kashi 32.7% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 41.6% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da]] ke zaune tare, kashi 13.9% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 6.4% na da magidanci namiji da ba mace a wurin. kuma 38.1% ba dangi bane. Kashi 31.0% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma kashi 9.6% na da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.47 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.04. Tsakanin shekarun birni ya kasance shekaru 38.2. 27.8% na mazauna kasa da shekaru 18; 6.2% sun kasance tsakanin shekarun 18 zuwa 24; 26.6% sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 44; 25.6% sun kasance daga 45 zuwa 64; kuma 13.8% sun kasance shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Tsarin jinsi na birni ya kasance 53.5% na maza da 46.5% mata. === Ƙididdigar 2000 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 695, gidaje 287, da iyalai 179 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 161.3 a kowace murabba'in ^mil (62.3/km2). Akwai rukunin gidaje 308 a matsakaicin yawa na 71.5 a kowace murabba'in mil (27.6/km ² ). Tsarin launin fata na birnin ya kasance 96.83% Fari, 1.29% Ba'amurke, 0.29% Asiya, 0.14% daga sauran jinsi, da 1.44% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 0.86% na yawan jama'a. Akwai gidaje 287, daga cikinsu kashi 33.1% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 47.7% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da suke]] zaune tare, kashi 9.8% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 37.3% kuma ba iyali ba ne. Kashi 31.4% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 13.6% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.42 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.01. A cikin birni, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 27.1% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 9.4% daga 18 zuwa 24, 26.5% daga 25 zuwa 44, 21.7% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 15.4% waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko kuma mazan. Tsakanin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 35. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 107.5. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 99.6. Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na iyali a cikin birni shine $27,361, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $36,667. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $25,875 sabanin $22,188 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na birni shine $14,620. Kusan 11.2% na iyalai da 15.8% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 19.5% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 8.6% na waɗanda shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{Itasca County, Minnesota}}{{Coord|47|19|14|N|93|17|55|W|type:city_region:US-MN}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|47|19|14|N|93|17|55|W|type:city_region:US-MN}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lubkptyeigmns9lioiaiz53ctl82hj6 0 35320 166127 2022-08-15T09:09:27Z S.H Ningi 17885 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1077523629|Bennett, Iowa]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Bennett, Iowa|settlement_type=[[City]]|nickname=|motto=<!-- Images -->|image_skyline=Bennett, Iowa.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|image_seal=<!-- Maps -->|image_map=Cedar_County_Iowa_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Bennett_Highlighted.svg|mapsize=250px|map_caption=Location of Bennett, Iowa|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=<!-- Location -->|subdivision_type=[[List of sovereign states|Country]]|subdivision_name={{USA}}|subdivision_type1=[[U.S. state|State]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Iowa}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of counties in Iowa|County]]|subdivision_name2=[[Cedar County, Iowa|Cedar]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=|leader_name=|leader_title1=|leader_name1=|established_title=|established_date=<!-- Area -->|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_19.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref>|area_magnitude=|area_total_km2=0.54|area_land_km2=0.54|area_water_km2=0.00|area_total_sq_mi=0.21|area_land_sq_mi=0.21|area_water_sq_mi=0.00 <!-- Population -->|population_as_of=[[2020 United States Census|2020]]|population_est=|pop_est_as_of=|population_footnotes=|population_total=347|population_density_km2=646.93|population_density_sq_mi=1676.33|timezone=[[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=CDT|utc_offset_DST=-5|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=230|elevation_ft=755|coordinates={{coord|41|44|27|N|90|58|28|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}|postal_code_type=[[ZIP code]]|postal_code=52721|area_code=[[Area code 563|563]]|blank_name=[[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]|blank_info=19-05770|blank1_name=[[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID|blank1_info=0454511|website=|footnotes=|pop_est_footnotes=}} '''Bennett''' birni ne, da ke a gundumar Cedar, [[Iowa]], a ƙasar Amurka. Yawan jama'a ya kasance 347 a ƙidayar 2020 . == Geography == Bennett yana nan a{{Coord|41|44|27|N|90|58|28|W|type:city}} (41.740710, -90.974373). Bisa ga Cibiyar Ƙididdiga ta Amurka, birnin yana da {{Convert|0.20|sqmi|sqkm|2}} , duk kasa. == Alkaluma == [[File:Peace_Church_of_Christ_United,_UCC.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Peace_Church_of_Christ_United%2C_UCC.jpg/260px-Peace_Church_of_Christ_United%2C_UCC.jpg|thumb| Peace Church of Christ United]] {{Historical populations|1900|238|1910|243|1920|362|1930|305|1940|352|1950|357|1960|374|1970|385|1980|458|1990|395|2000|395|2010|405|2020|347}} [[File:BennettIowaPopPlot.png|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/BennettIowaPopPlot.png/220px-BennettIowaPopPlot.png|alt=The population of Bennett, Iowa from US census data|right|thumb| Yawan jama'ar Bennett, Iowa daga bayanan ƙidayar Amurka]] === ƙidayar 2010 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2010, akwai mutane 405, gidaje 160, da iyalai 116 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance {{Convert|2025.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}} . Akwai rukunin gidaje 172 a matsakaicin yawa na {{Convert|860.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}} . Tsarin launin fata na birnin ya kasance 97.5% Fari, 0.5% Ba'amurke, 1.5% Asiya, da 0.5% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 2.5% na yawan jama'a. Magidanta 160 ne, kashi 37.5% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 60.6% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da suke]] zaune tare, kashi 10.6% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 1.3% na da mai gida ba tare da matar aure ba. kuma 27.5% ba dangi bane. Kashi 25.0% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 10.6% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.53 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.01. Tsakanin shekarun birni ya kasance shekaru 38.7. 28.1% na mazauna kasa da shekaru 18; 4.8% sun kasance tsakanin shekarun 18 zuwa 24; 26.7% sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 44; 23.6% sun kasance daga 45 zuwa 64; kuma 16.8% sun kasance shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Tsarin jinsi na birnin ya kasance 50.4% na maza da 49.6% mata. === Ƙididdigar 2000 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 395, gidaje 157, da iyalai 114 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 1,916.4 a kowace murabba'in mil ( ^726.2 /km2). Akwai rukunin gidaje 163 a matsakaicin yawa na 790.8 a kowace murabba'in mil (299.7/km ² ). Kayan launin fata na birnin ya kasance 98.48% Fari, 0.51% Ba'amurke, 0.25% Asiya, da 0.76% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 0.25% na yawan jama'a. Akwai gidaje 157, daga cikinsu kashi 31.8% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 61.8% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da]] ke zaune tare, kashi 7.6% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 26.8% kuma ba iyali ba ne. Kashi 23.6% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 11.5% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.52 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 2.97. A cikin birni, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 26.3% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 8.4% daga 18 zuwa 24, 28.9% daga 25 zuwa 44, 22.5% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 13.9% waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko kuma mazan. Tsakanin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 35. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 102.6. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 99.3. Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a cikin birni shine $41,429, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $47,679. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $31,442 sabanin $19,500 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na birni shine $17,320. Kusan 1.8% na iyalai da 1.8% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 1.9% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 5.4% na waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko sama da haka. == Ilimi == Garin gida ne ga makarantar jama'a, Makarantar Al'umma ta Bennett, wacce gundumar ta hada da garin Bennett da yankunan karkara da ke makwabtaka da garin New Liberty, Iowa . Makarantar ta kasance K-12, amma farawa daga shekarar makaranta ta 2005–2006, ƙarami da babbar sakandare (maki 7-12) sun shiga yarjejeniyar raba maki gaba ɗaya tare da makarantar da ke kusa da Durant, da farko saboda raguwar rajista da gazawar kasafin kudi. Makarantar firamare ta ci gaba da aiki kamar da. == Nassoshi == <references /> {{Cedar County, Iowa}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gk7bnv7a5ou7m1aialf7o7am6r82s2o 0 35321 166128 2022-08-15T10:38:10Z El-Abdallaah 17926 Sabon shafi: Duk wanda ya tashi ƙasar Hausa to akwai wata sana'a daya ke yi domin dogaro dakai irin wadannan sana'o'in hausa sukanyi tasiri matuƙa a ɓangarorin al'umma HAUSAWA dama sauran ƙabilu awannan Nahiya. ==ire-iren sana'o'in Hausa ga sunan kamar haka== Noma,[[Kasuwanci]]kiwo,Dillanci,ƙodago,Jima,Dukanci,Fawa,Wanzamci. ==Noma== me ake kira da Noma Noma na duke tsohon ciniki,kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar.wannan shine taken Noma. Noma sana'ace wacce ta bambanta da sana'o'in Hausawa... wikitext text/x-wiki Duk wanda ya tashi ƙasar Hausa to akwai wata sana'a daya ke yi domin dogaro dakai irin wadannan sana'o'in hausa sukanyi tasiri matuƙa a ɓangarorin al'umma HAUSAWA dama sauran ƙabilu awannan Nahiya. ==ire-iren sana'o'in Hausa ga sunan kamar haka== Noma,[[Kasuwanci]]kiwo,Dillanci,ƙodago,Jima,Dukanci,Fawa,Wanzamci. ==Noma== me ake kira da Noma Noma na duke tsohon ciniki,kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar.wannan shine taken Noma. Noma sana'ace wacce ta bambanta da sana'o'in Hausawa,ba kasafai ake samun kowane al'umma acikin taba musamman mutan birnin,sai dai mutanen karkara suke fi yinta.sana'ar Noma sana'ace da ba a gadonta kowa da kowa kan iya fadawa cikin ta,kuma akwai Riba ga masu gudanar da ita,Malami da ba sarake, attajiri da talaka sukan gudanar da ita. ==Ire-iren Noma== Noma da ya kasu kashi biyu,akwai na Noman Rani, akwai na Damina, wanda akeyi bayan Damina ta sauka,Damina takan yi a ƙalla wata biyar ko Shida,a wannan lokacin ake yin aikace aikace gona, wato yin shuka ya fito har takai damar an girbe ta, sannan akai amfanin Gida domin aci ko a sayar. Noman Rani shine akeyi yayin da Damina ta dauke,ko ayayin da ruwa ya dauke,akanyi Noma Rani a wuraren masu dausayi da ƙoramu, irin wannan noma akan yi shi ta fuskan ban Ruwa ne ga ita shukar,a wannan shi ake kira da Noman Rani kuma akwai alfanu gaya musamman mutanen da sukayi makwabtaka da Ruwa. ==Noma Don ci== kowane manomi babban burinsa ya Noma kayan hatsi wanda akalla zai kai shi har kar ƙarshen shekara bayi awo ba,Gazawa ce ga monomi ace baya iya noma da kai shi shekara. manomi yakan yi noman kamar su Gero,Dawa,maiwa,wake,masara,Doya,Dan kali da sauransu. Bayan manomi ya ware wadatatcen abincin sa domin iyalinsa a wasu lokutan yakan ware wanda zai sayar domin takin Gona. ==Noma domin sayarwa== Manomi yakan Noma kayan sayarwa kamar su,tumaturi,albasa,attarugu,alaiyaho,kabewa,tattasai,Gyada,ridi,barkono,auduga da sauransu. irin wannan noma manomi yakan yi shine ba Don yaci ba a'a sai dai ya biya buƙatar sa ko don amfani shi ko hidima ta take jiran sa na bukukuwa ƴaƴan sa. ==kayan aikin Gona== kayan aikin gona sun hada da [[Magirbi]],da fartanya,da sungumi,da gatari,da galma da lauje har dama manjagara da sauransu. ===Kasuwanci=== kasuwan hanya ce ta saye da sayarwa,mai irin wannan harka shine ake kira da ɗan kasuwa idan mace ce ana mata kirari da ƴar kasuwa. kasuwanci yana wuya idan babu jari,jari shine kasuwanci,domin da jari ake cinikai ya.dole mai harkan kasuwanci sai yayi yun kurin jari da shine zai jujjuya domin ya siya kaddara yaci riba. ==ire-iren kayan cinikayya== itadai kasuwa wuri ne da ake gudanar da saye da sayarwa,kusan kowane abin sayarwa zaka iya samu a kasuwa. kasuwa ta hada da ma'aunar hatsi da harkan kayan wato taguwa,da harkar sai da kayan wutan lantanki da harkan wayoyin hannu da sauran su. Hakama akan samu wani bangare a kasuwa inda suke sai da dabbobi irinsu tumakai,awakai,shanu har dama Rakuma da tsuntsaye. ===kiwo=== ita dai sana'ar kiwo kamar sana'ar noma ce.kiwo na kowa da kowane, matukar kana da sha'awa zaka iya yinshi.shi dai kiwo ba yaro ba tsohon,kowa kan iya yinshi.kiwo ba maza kadai aka sani ba har mata sukan taka rawa acikin sa. ===Dillanci=== Dallanci sana'a ce ta dattijai ta hanya karban kaya mutane asayar masa,sannan shi me kayan ya biya mai sayarwa ladan aiki ko dawainiyya da yayi da kaya wurin sayar wa. ==yadda akeyin Dillanci== idan Mallam bahaushe yana da kaya ko abin sayarwa yakanyi tallar kayan zuwa ga dillalai idan an samu mai siya sai a biya shi lada.a Wannan fannin dillali yakan wakilta mai kaya ta hanyan saida kayan sa. b4szuc2y1cwic8gvsi2iz6ogetja7ym 166130 166128 2022-08-15T10:49:26Z El-Abdallaah 17926 Gyara wikitext text/x-wiki Duk wanda ya tashi ƙasar Hausa to akwai wata sana'a daya ke yi domin dogaro dakai irin wadannan sana'o'in hausa sukanyi tasiri matuƙa a ɓangarorin al'umma HAUSAWA dama sauran ƙabilu awannan Nahiya. ==ire-iren sana'o'in Hausa ga sunan kamar haka== Noma,[[Kasuwanci]]kiwo,Dillanci,ƙodago,Jima,Dukanci,Fawa,Wanzamci. ==Noma== me ake kira da Noma Noma na duke tsohon ciniki,kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar.wannan shine taken Noma. Noma sana'ace wacce ta bambanta da sana'o'in Hausawa,ba kasafai ake samun kowane al'umma acikin taba musamman mutan birnin,sai dai mutanen karkara suke fi yinta.sana'ar Noma sana'ace da ba a gadonta kowa da kowa kan iya fadawa cikin ta,kuma akwai Riba ga masu gudanar da ita,Malami da ba sarake, attajiri da talaka sukan gudanar da ita. ==Ire-iren Noma== Noma da ya kasu kashi biyu,akwai na Noman Rani, akwai na Damina, wanda akeyi bayan Damina ta sauka,Damina takan yi a ƙalla wata biyar ko Shida,a wannan lokacin ake yin aikace aikace gona, wato yin shuka ya fito har takai damar an girbe ta, sannan akai amfanin Gida domin aci ko a sayar. Noman Rani shine akeyi yayin da Damina ta dauke,ko ayayin da ruwa ya dauke,akanyi Noma Rani a wuraren masu dausayi da ƙoramu, irin wannan noma akan yi shi ta fuskan ban Ruwa ne ga ita shukar,a wannan shi ake kira da Noman Rani kuma akwai alfanu gaya musamman mutanen da sukayi makwabtaka da Ruwa. ==Noma Don ci== kowane manomi babban burinsa ya Noma kayan hatsi wanda akalla zai kai shi har kar ƙarshen shekara bayi awo ba,Gazawa ce ga monomi ace baya iya noma da kai shi shekara. manomi yakan yi noman kamar su Gero,Dawa,maiwa,wake,masara,Doya,Dan kali da sauransu. Bayan manomi ya ware wadatatcen abincin sa domin iyalinsa a wasu lokutan yakan ware wanda zai sayar domin takin Gona. ==Noma domin sayarwa== Manomi yakan Noma kayan sayarwa kamar su,tumaturi,albasa,attarugu,alaiyaho,kabewa,tattasai,Gyada,ridi,barkono,auduga da sauransu. irin wannan noma manomi yakan yi shine ba Don yaci ba a'a sai dai ya biya buƙatar sa ko don amfani shi ko hidima ta take jiran sa na bukukuwa ƴaƴan sa. ==kayan aikin Gona== kayan aikin gona sun hada da [[Magirbi]],da fartanya,da <nowiki>[[sungumi]]</nowiki>,da gatari,da <nowiki>[[galma]]</nowiki> da <nowiki>[[lauje]]</nowiki> har dama manjagara da sauransu. ===Kasuwanci=== kasuwan hanya ce ta saye da sayarwa,mai irin wannan harka shine ake kira da ɗan kasuwa idan mace ce ana mata kirari da ƴar kasuwa. kasuwanci yana wuya idan babu jari,jari shine kasuwanci,domin da jari ake cinikai ya.dole mai harkan kasuwanci sai yayi yun kurin jari da shine zai jujjuya domin ya siya kaddara yaci riba. ==ire-iren kayan cinikayya== itadai kasuwa wuri ne da ake gudanar da saye da sayarwa,kusan kowane abin sayarwa zaka iya samu a kasuwa. kasuwa ta hada da ma'aunar hatsi da harkan kayan wato taguwa,da harkar sai da kayan wutan lantanki da harkan wayoyin hannu da sauran su. Hakama akan samu wani bangare a kasuwa inda suke sai da dabbobi irinsu tumakai,awakai,shanu har dama Rakuma da tsuntsaye. ===kiwo=== ita dai sana'ar kiwo kamar sana'ar noma ce.kiwo na kowa da kowane, matukar kana da sha'awa zaka iya yinshi.shi dai kiwo ba yaro ba tsohon,kowa kan iya yinshi.kiwo ba maza kadai aka sani ba har mata sukan taka rawa acikin sa. ===Dillanci=== Dallanci sana'a ce ta <nowiki>[[Dattijai]]</nowiki> ta hanya karban kaya mutane asayar masa,sannan shi me kayan ya biya mai sayarwa ladan aiki ko dawainiyya da yayi da kaya wurin sayar wa. ==yadda akeyin Dillanci== idan Mallam bahaushe yana da kaya ko abin sayarwa yakanyi tallar kayan zuwa ga dillalai idan an samu mai siya sai a biya shi lada.a Wannan fannin dillali yakan wakilta mai kaya ta hanyan saida kayan sa. 0i11yhc3tovrv3dut6szw0wtnq9namr 166141 166130 2022-08-15T11:53:00Z El-Abdallaah 17926 Ƙarshe bayani wikitext text/x-wiki Duk wanda ya tashi ƙasar Hausa to akwai wata sana'a daya ke yi domin dogaro dakai irin wadannan sana'o'in hausa sukanyi tasiri matuƙa a ɓangarorin al'umma HAUSAWA dama sauran ƙabilu awannan Nahiya. ==ire-iren sana'o'in Hausa ga sunan kamar haka== Noma,[[Kasuwanci]]kiwo,Dillanci,ƙodago,Jima,Dukanci,Fawa,Wanzamci. ==Noma== me ake kira da Noma Noma na duke tsohon ciniki,kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar.wannan shine taken Noma. Noma sana'ace wacce ta bambanta da sana'o'in Hausawa,ba kasafai ake samun kowane al'umma acikin taba musamman mutan birnin,sai dai mutanen karkara suke fi yinta.sana'ar Noma sana'ace da ba a gadonta kowa da kowa kan iya fadawa cikin ta,kuma akwai Riba ga masu gudanar da ita,Malami da ba sarake, attajiri da talaka sukan gudanar da ita. ==Ire-iren Noma== Noma da ya kasu kashi biyu,akwai na Noman Rani, akwai na Damina, wanda akeyi bayan Damina ta sauka,Damina takan yi a ƙalla wata biyar ko Shida,a wannan lokacin ake yin aikace aikace gona, wato yin shuka ya fito har takai damar an girbe ta, sannan akai amfanin Gida domin aci ko a sayar. Noman Rani shine akeyi yayin da Damina ta dauke,ko ayayin da ruwa ya dauke,akanyi Noma Rani a wuraren masu dausayi da ƙoramu, irin wannan noma akan yi shi ta fuskan ban Ruwa ne ga ita shukar,a wannan shi ake kira da Noman Rani kuma akwai alfanu gaya musamman mutanen da sukayi makwabtaka da Ruwa. ==Noma Don ci== kowane manomi babban burinsa ya Noma kayan hatsi wanda akalla zai kai shi har kar ƙarshen shekara bayi awo ba,Gazawa ce ga monomi ace baya iya noma da kai shi shekara. manomi yakan yi noman kamar su Gero,Dawa,maiwa,wake,masara,Doya,Dan kali da sauransu. Bayan manomi ya ware wadatatcen abincin sa domin iyalinsa a wasu lokutan yakan ware wanda zai sayar domin takin Gona. ==Noma domin sayarwa== Manomi yakan Noma kayan sayarwa kamar su,tumaturi,albasa,attarugu,alaiyaho,kabewa,tattasai,Gyada,ridi,barkono,auduga da sauransu. irin wannan noma manomi yakan yi shine ba Don yaci ba a'a sai dai ya biya buƙatar sa ko don amfani shi ko hidima ta take jiran sa na bukukuwa ƴaƴan sa. ==kayan aikin Gona== kayan aikin gona sun hada da [[Magirbi]],da fartanya,da <nowiki>[[sungumi]]</nowiki>,da gatari,da <nowiki>[[galma]]</nowiki> da <nowiki>[[lauje]]</nowiki> har dama manjagara da sauransu. ===Kasuwanci=== kasuwan hanya ce ta saye da sayarwa,mai irin wannan harka shine ake kira da ɗan kasuwa idan mace ce ana mata kirari da ƴar kasuwa. kasuwanci yana wuya idan babu jari,jari shine kasuwanci,domin da jari ake cinikai ya.dole mai harkan kasuwanci sai yayi yun kurin jari da shine zai jujjuya domin ya siya kaddara yaci riba. ==ire-iren kayan cinikayya== itadai kasuwa wuri ne da ake gudanar da saye da sayarwa,kusan kowane abin sayarwa zaka iya samu a kasuwa. kasuwa ta hada da ma'aunar hatsi da harkan kayan wato taguwa,da harkar sai da kayan wutan lantanki da harkan wayoyin hannu da sauran su. Hakama akan samu wani bangare a kasuwa inda suke sai da dabbobi irinsu tumakai,awakai,shanu har dama Rakuma da tsuntsaye. ===kiwo=== ita dai sana'ar kiwo kamar sana'ar noma ce.kiwo na kowa da kowane, matukar kana da sha'awa zaka iya yinshi.shi dai kiwo ba yaro ba tsohon,kowa kan iya yinshi.kiwo ba maza kadai aka sani ba har mata sukan taka rawa acikin sa. ===Dillanci=== Dallanci sana'a ce ta <nowiki>[[Dattijai]]</nowiki> ta hanya karban kaya mutane asayar masa,sannan shi me kayan ya biya mai sayarwa ladan aiki ko dawainiyya da yayi da kaya wurin sayar wa. ==yadda akeyin Dillanci== idan Mallam bahaushe yana da kaya ko abin sayarwa yakanyi tallar kayan zuwa ga dillalai idan an samu mai siya sai a biya shi lada.a Wannan fannin dillali yakan wakilta mai kaya ta hanyan saida kayan sa. ====== ===Kodago=== ====== Kodago na nufin ayi aiki abiya  shine ake kira da kodago.Kodago aiki ake biya kadan anan take,ba kamar sauran ayyuka bane.kodago aiki ne na yarjejeniya yin wani aiki na karfi sanan abiya kadan aikin da aka gudanar.aikin kodago ya shafe aikin Gona , Gini,da aikin albashi. == Ire-iren Aikin Ƙodago == Akwai ayyukan Gona kamar misalin sharan  gona,ko shuka har dama Noma,a wani bangare Akwai ayyukan na Gida kamar su Gini,da sauran su. == Masu aikin ƙodagi== == Mafi yawancin masu aikin ƙodago babu kamar <nowiki>[[Almajirai]]</nowiki> ko yan <nowiki>[[ci rani]]</nowiki> sune sukafi yin wannan aiki. === Aikatuta === Aikatau da kodago duk tafiyar su daya ne,sai dai bambam ci su kadan ne,maza suke kodago mata sU kan yi aikatau a gidaje . == Ire-iren aikatau == Aikatau a gida ake yi musanman matar karkara da ake dauko su daga ƙauye domin taya mutanen birni aiki sanan a biya su ladan wannan aiki,aikatau na gida bai wuce <nowiki>[[wanke-wanke]]</nowiki>da shara,ko surfe,ko aike na yau da kullum,ko <nowiki>[[sukola]]</nowiki>,ko renon ƴaƴan. === Jima === Me ake kira da jima, aiki ne na sarrafa fatu dabbobin ta yadda masu sana'ar dukanci suke buƙatar,majemi yakan fitar da gashin dabbobin ya gyara har takai da yayi laushi awurin gudanar da aiki. == Kayan aikin jima == Sun hada <nowiki>[[gabaruwa]]</nowiki>da Ruwa da rika,san nan akwai <nowiki>[[kwatanta]]</nowiki>da awartaki da dutse har da gungume eche,da sauran su. === Fawa === Fawa sana'a ce ta gado ga irin gida na mmahauta, sana'ar fawa ta samu asali tun zamanin Annabawa da manzannin,sannan akwai alfanu  sosai cikin wannan sana'a,mahauci ya kan tafi kasuwa domin sayar dabba da zai yanka domin sayarwa al'umma Nama . mahauci yakan tanaji jallin sa da zai ishe shi yin wannan sana'a, yakan sayi dabba kamar su tumakai, ko awakai,ko saniya domin al'umma su ci. == Al'adu mahauci == A al'adar mahauci akwai su da karamci,sanan suna da al'ada idan sun samu ƙaruwa su kanyi bukukuwa su na hawan ƙaho saniya da dai sauransu. === Wanzamci === Sana'ar wanzamci sana'ar kasar Hausa ce tun tale-tale,wanzami ya kanyi aski ga manja dattijai ko saraki kai har ma da jarirai idan an samu ƙaruwar,san nan yana cire <nowiki>[[belu-belu]]</nowiki>da <nowiki>[[shayi]]</nowiki>wato <nowiki>[[kachiya]]</nowiki> da <nowiki>[[Ƙaho]]</nowiki> har ma da <nowiki>[[ɓalli-ɓalli]]</nowiki>. 7by6w9cmmultoyj1rcr9k8vp4umkhh4