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Curitiba
0
2211
165754
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2022-08-13T08:30:58Z
BnHamid
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gyara
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{{databox}}
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left:1em; background:#f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|----
|---- bgcolor="#e3e3e3"
! colspan="2" bgcolor="#e3e3e3" |[[File:Jardim Botanico de Curitiba.jpg|250px]]
|----
|---- bgcolor="#e3e3e3"
! colspan="2" bgcolor="#e3e3e3" | Curitiba: [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~magnus/geo/geohack.php?language=en¶ms=25_25_47_S_49_16_19_W 25° 25' 47" S 49° 16' 19" O]
|----
| align="center" |
| align="center" | [[File:Curitiba_Parana_Brazil.png|100px]]
|----
| align="center" style="background:#e3e3e3;" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;" |
|}
[[File:Brasão de Armas do Município de Curitiba.png|70px|Right]]
'''Curitiba''' (lafazi : /kuɾi'tibɐ/) birni ne, da ke a jihar Paraná, a ƙasar [[Brazil]]. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Paraná. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, jimilar mutane 3,400,000 (miliyan uku da dubu dari huɗu). An gina birnin Curitiba a karni na sha bakwai bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
==Hotuna==
<gallery>
File:Av._Bar%C3%A3o_do_Cerro_Azul_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Avenida_Winston_Churchill_no_bairro_Pinheirinho_em_Curitiba.jpg
File:Boca_maldita_CWB.jpg|Boca Matilda
File:Brasil-_South.jpg|Curtiba
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico_-_panoramio_-_Augusto_Ferreira_(1).jpg
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico,_Curitiba_-_PR,_Brazil_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Centro,_Curitiba_-_State_of_Paran%C3%A1,_Brazil_-_panoramio_-_LUIS_BELO_(13).jpg
File:CT_do_Caju.jpg
</gallery>
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curitiba Commons:Curitiba]
* [http://www.curitiba.pr.gov.br]
* [http://www.curitiba-brazil.com]
==Manazarta==
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Curitiba}}
[[Category:Biranen Brazil]]
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[[File:Brasão de Armas do Município de Curitiba.png|70px|Right]]
'''Curitiba''' (lafazi : /kuɾi'tibɐ/) birni ne, da ke a jihar Paraná, a ƙasar [[Brazil]]. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Paraná. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, jimilar mutane 3,400,000 (miliyan uku da dubu dari huɗu). An gina birnin Curitiba a karni na sha bakwai bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
==Hotuna==
<gallery>
File:Av._Bar%C3%A3o_do_Cerro_Azul_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Avenida_Winston_Churchill_no_bairro_Pinheirinho_em_Curitiba.jpg
File:Boca_maldita_CWB.jpg|Boca Matilda
File:Brasil-_South.jpg|Curtiba
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico_-_panoramio_-_Augusto_Ferreira_(1).jpg
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico,_Curitiba_-_PR,_Brazil_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Centro,_Curitiba_-_State_of_Paran%C3%A1,_Brazil_-_panoramio_-_LUIS_BELO_(13).jpg
File:CT_do_Caju.jpg
</gallery>
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curitiba Commons:Curitiba]
* [http://www.curitiba.pr.gov.br]
* [http://www.curitiba-brazil.com]
==Manazarta==
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Curitiba}}
[[Category:Biranen Brazil]]
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165755
2022-08-13T08:33:03Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Brasão de Armas do Município de Curitiba.png|70px|Right]]
'''Curitiba''' (lafazi : /kuɾi'tibɐ/) birni ne, da ke a jihar Paraná, a ƙasar [[Brazil]]. Shine babban birnin jihar Paraná. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, jimilar mutane 3,400,000 (miliyan uku da dubu dari huɗu). An gina birnin Curitiba a karni na sha bakwai bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
==Hotuna==
<gallery>
File:Av._Bar%C3%A3o_do_Cerro_Azul_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Avenida_Winston_Churchill_no_bairro_Pinheirinho_em_Curitiba.jpg
File:Boca_maldita_CWB.jpg|Boca Matilda
File:Brasil-_South.jpg|Curtiba
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico_-_panoramio_-_Augusto_Ferreira_(1).jpg
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico,_Curitiba_-_PR,_Brazil_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Centro,_Curitiba_-_State_of_Paran%C3%A1,_Brazil_-_panoramio_-_LUIS_BELO_(13).jpg
File:CT_do_Caju.jpg
</gallery>
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curitiba Commons:Curitiba]
* [http://www.curitiba.pr.gov.br]
* [http://www.curitiba-brazil.com]
==Manazarta==
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Curitiba}}
[[Category:Biranen Brazil]]
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165757
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2022-08-13T08:33:45Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Brasão de Armas do Município de Curitiba.png|70px|Right]]
'''Curitiba''' (lafazi : /kuɾi'tibɐ/) birni ne, da ke a jihar Paraná, a ƙasar [[Brazil]]. Shine babban birnin jihar Paraná. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, jimilar mutane 3,400,000 (miliyan uku da dubu dari huɗu). An gina birnin Curitiba a karni na sha bakwai bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
==Hotuna==
<gallery>
File:Av._Bar%C3%A3o_do_Cerro_Azul_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Avenida_Winston_Churchill_no_bairro_Pinheirinho_em_Curitiba.jpg
File:Boca_maldita_CWB.jpg|Boca Matilda
File:Brasil-_South.jpg|Curtiba
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico_-_panoramio_-_Augusto_Ferreira_(1).jpg
File:Centro_C%C3%ADvico,_Curitiba_-_PR,_Brazil_-_panoramio.jpg
File:Centro,_Curitiba_-_State_of_Paran%C3%A1,_Brazil_-_panoramio_-_LUIS_BELO_(13).jpg
File:CT_do_Caju.jpg
</gallery>
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left:1em; background:#f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|----
|---- bgcolor="#e3e3e3"
! colspan="2" bgcolor="#e3e3e3" |[[File:Jardim Botanico de Curitiba.jpg|250px]]
|----
|---- bgcolor="#e3e3e3"
! colspan="2" bgcolor="#e3e3e3" | Curitiba: [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~magnus/geo/geohack.php?language=en¶ms=25_25_47_S_49_16_19_W 25° 25' 47" S 49° 16' 19" O]
|----
| align="center" |
| align="center" | [[File:Curitiba_Parana_Brazil.png|100px]]
|----
| align="center" style="background:#e3e3e3;" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;" |
|}
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curitiba Commons:Curitiba]
* [http://www.curitiba.pr.gov.br]
* [http://www.curitiba-brazil.com]
==Manazarta==
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Curitiba}}
[[Category:Biranen Brazil]]
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Cutar Murar Tsuntsaye
0
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BnHamid
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text/x-wiki
'''Cutar Murar Aladu''' ita dai murar aladu da aka yiwa laƙabi da H1N1 an fara samun ɓullar ta ne a ƙasar [[Mexico]] da kuma [[Amurka]] a ranakun 23 da 24 ga watan afirilun shekara ta 2009. Hukumomin lafiya a Mexico ne suka fara bada rahoton mutanen da suka kamu da wannan cuta, wanda kafin kace kwabo kimanin mutane 854 sun kamu da alamun wannan cuta. Bayan gwaje-gwaje da bincike irin na likitoci daga bisani dai mutane a kalla 59 ne suka rasu a Mexico a cikin yan kwanaki ƙalilan. lamarin da ala tilas ya zamewa jami'an gwamnatin Mexico saka dokar hana yawo a biranen ƙasar domin tsagaita yaɗuwar cutar. Amma wannan mataki bai hana cutar bazuwa zuwa wasu ƙasashen duniya ba, musan man ƙasar Amurka da Canada da al'umomin su ke yawan zirga-zirga tsakanin ƙasashen juna.
==Kokarin Kare Yaduwarta==
Kuma ganin yadda wannan cuta ke yaɗuwa kamar wutar daji yasa hukumar lafiya ta [[duniya]] WHO ta bayyana wannan cuta a matsayin annoba a duniya. Domin kuwa bayan wa'yancan ƙasashe na Amurka, sai cutar ta fara bazuwa zuwa sauran ƙasashen duniya daban-daban.
Ƙarshen ta ƙaitawa dai daga watan na afirilu zuwa wannan lokaci cutar ta bazu zuwa ƙasashen duniya 206 ciki kuwa harda [[Najeriya]] da wasu ƙasashen [[afirka]] irin su [[Ghana]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Masar]]. A wata ƙididdiga da hukumar lafiya ta duniya WHO ta fitar ya nuna cewar aƙalla ba'a ƙasara ba, mutane fiye da dubu biyu ne suka rasu.
==Yadda cutar take==
Amma don gane da batun alamomi da banbancin cutar ta H1N1 da murar da aka sani ta sanyi da kuma murar tsuntsaye kuwa likitoci sun ce "wannan cutar ta murar aladun ana kamuwa da ita ne daga aladu kana daga bisani mutane suka fara kamuwa da ita. lamarin daya sa tafi ƙarfin duk wasu magunguna da aka sani dake maganin cutar murrar lokacin sanyi, ko bil'adama. Kuma banbancin ta da murar tsuntsaye shine kasancewar, ita murar aladu ta samo asali ne daga aladu, a yayinda murar tsuntsaye keda nasaba da tsuntsaye." Kuma alamun ta shine zazzaɓi mai zafi.
==Manazarta==
{{reflist}}
{{Stub}}
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Conductive tawada
0
5378
165737
161915
2022-08-13T07:50:07Z
BnHamid
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text/x-wiki
'''Conductive tawada''' shine tawada cewa sakamakon cikin wani buga abu wanda zai gudanar da wutar lantarki. Da canji daga ruwa tawada ga m bugu zai iya shafar bushewa warkarda ko dab tafiyar matakai.
==Bayani==
Wadannan inks iya klas aji as kora babban daskararru tsarin ko [[PTF]] [[polymer]] lokacin farin ciki fim tsarin da damar haihuwarka da za a kõma ko buga, a da dama [[substrate]] kayan kamar polyester zuwa takarda. Wadannan irin inks yawanci dauke da conductive kayan kamar powdered ko flaked azurfa da carbon kamar kayan, ko da yake polymeric madugu aka sanshi.
[[File:Flexiproof.JPG|thumb|Flexiproof (conductive tawada)]]
wannan hoto ne mai [[flexiproof]] bugu na'ura, amfani da [[flexiography]] bugu, conductive tawada tabbata kamar yadda azurfa tawada.
Conductive tawada zai iya zama mafi tattali hanyar kwanta wani zamani conductive burbushi a lokacin da idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya masana'antu matsayin irin su etching jan karfe daga jan karfe [[substrates]] ta samar da wannan conductive burbushi a kan dacewa substrates, kamar yadda bugu ne mai zalla ƙari tsari samar da kadan to babu sharar gida qarqashinsu wanda sai da za a dawo dasu ko bi da.
==Amfani==
Azurfa inks da mahara amfani a yau ciki har da bugu [RFID] tags a matsayin amfani da zamani sufuri tikiti, su za a iya amfani da su [[contrive]] ko gyara haihuwarka a buga kewaye allon. Kwamfuta [[keyboard]] dauke da membranes tare da buga kwallaye haihuwarka cewa ji a lõkacin da wata babbar aka guga man. Madubin mota na gaba [[deicer]] kunshi [[resistive]] burbushi amfani da gilashi ma buga. Mutane da yawa sabo-sabo motoci da conductive burbushi buga a kan wani raya taga.
Bauta a matsayin rediyo eriya.Buga takarda da filastik zanen gado da matsala halaye, da farko sayii juriya da rashin [[inflexibility]] A juriya da muni ga yawancin kewaye hukumar aikin, da kuma wadanda ba ma yanayin da kayan izini ba a ke so sojojin da za a [[exerted]] a bangaren sadarwa, haddasa aminci matsaloli. Saboda haka irin wannan kayan da ake amfani kawai a cikin wani An ƙuntata kewayon aikace-aikace, yawanci inda sassauci da muhimmanci, kuma babu sassa aka saka a kan takardar.
== Ka kuma duba ==
* [[kewaye magatakarda]]
==Manazarta==
<References/>
hz8r0no4vf4iclqv0hukf1hbwpotgfb
Borno
0
6198
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165498
2022-08-12T13:30:45Z
Uncle Bash007
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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Uncle Bash007
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
renvutslfq63amz8p0bcs1mymja2j9a
165583
165582
2022-08-12T13:34:01Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
gh09n9h0vyjj6u17f1tw268gaezd1ir
165584
165583
2022-08-12T13:36:13Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
2c1p4s92tdahtke7ljlhsnj2maqn5gm
165586
165584
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Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
4ony5jimmoi5sdva6owfhxeaavzhhn5
165587
165586
2022-08-12T13:41:23Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
kab6g80zyj4vqaiizjlfx6ls5cigdqi
165589
165587
2022-08-12T13:43:11Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961,
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
gvs5ex5l87tn6wf8780oo6xo6t3yexp
165590
165589
2022-08-12T13:45:14Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
mz9mn2lu9gpbbp23l69jbqwpwfa3z70
165591
165590
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Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]].
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
e82p7sunvlkvw4qck4ho9hhptbvv51w
165592
165591
2022-08-12T13:54:55Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
95tqgemjwimtc9nqlvu71bvkkjmv7jc
165593
165592
2022-08-12T13:55:25Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
a2xbjotghwnlbxyead1rv2ujuq9emxt
165594
165593
2022-08-12T13:57:20Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko da [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]].
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
8xvtchnnidof94v9fh2vtgxa68x0j1w
165634
165594
2022-08-12T22:34:16Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]].
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
6lv4ydbq9krwq8cl1mmgoiw1n7t862a
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[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
5vf0pppg9xi9zdw2zbaojutiwatock0
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
pxrboe7hmu775225ztq924mluu15i1v
165637
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin dajin Sambisa da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]]
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
q6mtzbzhhqxey16nqia0ou7ywsdtbp5
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]]
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
8zrlq0flqe477l3z3tabqg9z1rtqgtc
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
t32bxv088b810g82knima0cosnf6hkp
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram,
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
hqjcnfzfvccfs19mzawc46iilh86600
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wikitext
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
4aldviue22tyiw1wvz88cjumjvr4ggi
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
gvhkml1nj0fppkyawa0pkxa5jwg8qat
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9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Tana da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
Jihar Borno tana da iyaka da jihohi guda uku ne: [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] daga kudanci, [[Gombe|Jihar Gombe]] daga kudu maso yamma kuma da [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]] daga yammaci, sannan ta yi iyaka da kasashen [[Nijar|Jamhoriyar Nijar]], [[Kamaru]] da kuma [[cadi|Chadi]].
<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bornu-historical-kingdom-and-emirate-Nigeria</ref>
<ref>https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/history-borno/</ref>
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
s1x7a9uxnqf7q30uaxkifqvi5mt8klw
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165648
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9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
elfrhzl3kr0uzuqj6e91zpepvzcmtj2
165652
165651
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9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
nfl6yiudmw2l96dj9wxgj17byfbxsh9
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9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga larabawa.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
sd03ke9a2ru3un8dvhqzwpgixbuqjcs
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165653
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Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Tarihi */
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref>[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
7qjvmp2p3sna9yk8fjhw4snd0jx91s5
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a kafuwar wannan yankin.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
2lltwpkl25rx6d7a0wq44jcebmoj4ne
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Uncle Bash007
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
4c371xzna7qhv44d1znkz0800gvtsbv
165658
165657
2022-08-12T23:08:54Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
aawjog4z8p0g1es5dtnkpliqwd2r3un
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/* Tarihi */
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
3e3kx06ld8hg8sg39yq5r7tt18kvuao
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165659
2022-08-12T23:11:41Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]].[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
6p6yvcs0v3pcubk3c399v1qu1dc24x8
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/* Tarihi */
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893,<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref>[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
l6kr5bxzjvu9f8tlm452ldktwgo0mud
165662
165661
2022-08-12T23:14:47Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
390d09bnx7utme6r65w3ewm7khcvnwi
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165662
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Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]][[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
b81y6100b1gk09rfjo0t63fp56d5llk
165664
165663
2022-08-12T23:16:19Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref>[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
hcfc520kuq3d7ucj5bsvzoxp8zfy7bm
165666
165664
2022-08-12T23:17:37Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
mjmzbwi2aesnridgdk52zukdfqoc3tz
165667
165666
2022-08-12T23:17:54Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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Uncle Bash007
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP.[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
khzmr8dd4jbox5bon406gz0kgreskc8
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party).
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
2qqtbyd9zb7xi6cwxgppfs7hhcrbht8
165672
165671
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Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
eow0905954xnfzehqmx43bhqf1z896d
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/* Tarihi */
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
2ovxkteaakwcrcrgqh67sju1jrzxzxf
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9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa,
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Tarihi */
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya wa jihar takunkumi a Najeriya.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
phzgfern60owf6ox2avfibhakzubfmn
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
8i7x96ooslebpq8cnrtfzpzxu72tzty
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Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]].
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Tarihi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno */
wikitext
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
# [[Abadam]]
# [[Askira/Uba]]
# [[Baga]]
# [[Bama]]
# [[Bayo]]
# [[Biu]]
# [[Chibok]]
# [[Damboa]]
# [[Dikwa]]
# [[Gubio]]
# [[Guzamala]]
# [[Gwoza]]
# [[Hawul]]
# [[Jere]]
# [[Kaga]]
# [[Kala/Balge]]
# [[Kwaya kusar]]
# [[Konduga]]
# [[Kukawa]]
# [[Mafa]]
# [[Magumeri]]
# [[Maiduguri]]
# [[Marte]]
# [[Mobbar]]
# [[Monguno]]
# [[Nganzai]]
# [[Shani]]
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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/* Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno */
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba)
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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Uncle Bash007
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/* Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno */
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text/x-wiki
{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref>
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
2avqv5jtrn4e4sjdsyv6t5ys3n5ytfj
165692
165691
2022-08-12T23:52:10Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
/* Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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Uncle Bash007
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/* Harsuna */
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
jgtq3eq979i70z9dyw9gfzptxtuqkl5
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/* Shahararrun Malamai */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu. Ana amfani da shari'ar musulunci a harkokin cigaba, zamantakewa, addini da dai sauransu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu. Ana amfani da shari'ar musulunci a harkokin cigaba, zamantakewa, addini da dai sauransu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
* [[Zakariya Maimalari]], Sojan Najeriya
* [[Mohammed Indimi]], Dan kasuwa
* [[Kyari Magumeri]], soja
* [[Fiona Lovatt]], mai bibiyar 'yancin mutum
* Shaykh [[Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini|Sherif Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini]], Malamin addinin musulunci kuma Mufti
* [[Abba Kyari]] dan kasuwa, dan siyasa
* [[Abba Kyari (military general)]], jenar na soja
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu. Ana amfani da shari'ar musulunci a harkokin cigaba, zamantakewa, addini da dai sauransu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
* [[Zakariya Maimalari]], Sojan Najeriya
* [[Mohammed Indimi]], Dan kasuwa
* [[Kyari Magumeri]], soja
* [[Fiona Lovatt]], mai bibiyar 'yancin mutum
* Shaykh [[Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini|Sherif Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini]], Malamin addinin musulunci kuma Mufti
* [[Abba Kyari]] dan kasuwa, dan siyasa
* [[Abba Kyari (military general)]], jenar na soja
== Duba kuma ==
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}<ref>Michael Olugbode. Nigeria: Borno Public Schools to Reopen Soon, allAfrica.com, 27 August 2014.</ref>[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu. Ana amfani da shari'ar musulunci a harkokin cigaba, zamantakewa, addini da dai sauransu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
* [[Zakariya Maimalari]], Sojan Najeriya
* [[Mohammed Indimi]], Dan kasuwa
* [[Kyari Magumeri]], soja
* [[Fiona Lovatt]], mai bibiyar 'yancin mutum
* Shaykh [[Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini|Sherif Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini]], Malamin addinin musulunci kuma Mufti
* [[Abba Kyari]] dan kasuwa, dan siyasa
* [[Abba Kyari (military general)]], jenar na soja
== Duba kuma ==
* [[Religion in Borno State]]
* [[Islamist insurgency in Nigeria]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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{{databox}}[[File:Borno state contingent.jpg|thumb|jiha mai dumbin mutane da kuma al'adu]]
[[File:ASC Leiden - NSAG - van Dis 4 - 117 - The market of Maiduguri. A group of curious boys - Maiduguri, Borno State, North East Nigeria - 11 January 1962.tif|thumb|People of Borno]]
[[File:Nachtigal Umar Borno.jpg|thumb|Umar Borno]]
'''Jihar Borno''' Jiha ce a Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Yobe]] daga yamma, [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] daga kudu maso gabas, [[Adamawa]] daga kudu, yayinda iyakarta ta gabas ta hada iyaka ta kasa da kasa da [[Kamaru]], iyakarta ta arewa kuwa ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], sannan iyakarta ta arewa maso gabas ta hade ne da yankin kasar [[Cadi]], ita kadai ce jihar da ta hada iyaka da kasashen waje har guda uku. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga [[Masarautar Borno]] mai dumbin tarihi, tare da tsohuwar babban birnin masarutar dake [[Maiduguri]]. An kirkiri jihar ne a 1976, lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. A farko jihar ta hada da yankin Jihar [[Yobe]] ta yau, wacce aka raba ta a 1991.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno itace jiha ta biyu a girman kasa acikin jihohin 36 na Najeriya, bayan Jihar [[Neja]]. Amma duk da girman jiyar, itace ta 11 a yawan mutane tare da kiyasamun mutum akalla miliyan 5.86 a shekara ta 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> A fannin yanayin kasa; ''semi-desert Sahelian savanna daga arewa'' da kuma ''Sudanian savanna ta yamma'' a tsakiya da kudancin jihar, da kuma montane [[Mandara Plateau mosaic|Mandara Plateau]] daga yankin kudu maso gabas.
Jihar Borno tana da kabliu da suke zaune a yankin na lokaci mai tsawo, kamar su [[Harshen Dghwede|Dghwede]], [[Harshen Glavda|Glavda]], [[Harshen Guduf-Gava|Guduf]], [[Harshen Lamang|Laamang]], [[Mutanen Mafa|Mafa]], da [[Mandara|Mandara]] a tsakiyar yankin; [[Harshen Afade|Afade]], [[Mutanen Buduma|Yedina (Buduma)]], da kuma [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] daga karshen yankin arewa masoo gabas; harshen [[Harshen Waja|Waja]] a kuryar kudancin yankin; da kuma [[Harshen Cibak|Kyibaku]], [[Harshen Kamwe|Kamwe]], [[Mutanen Kilba|Kilba]], [[Marghi|Margi]] da kuma babur a yankin kudancin jhar, a yayinda harsunan [[Kanuri|Kanuri]] da [[Shuwa Arab|Shuwa Arab]] ke rayuwa a yankunan tsakiya da arewacin jihar. Ta fannin addini, mafi yawan mutanen jihar (85%) musulmai ne, da tsirarun kiristoci da mabiya addinan gargajiya da kaso 7% kowanne.
Tun daga karni na bakwai (700), inda aka sani da Jihar Borno ya kasance daga yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]]. Daular da ta fito daga yankin kudancin [[Libya]] ta yau ([[Fezzan]]) har zuwa yankin yankin [[Cadi]] har zuwa yankin Jihar Borno ta yau. Bayan karni na 13, an tilasta wa Kanem Bornu matsawa bayan yakoki da ba suyi nasara ba, inda ta koma Masarautar Borno, kafin ta kara karfi kuma ta mulki yankin har na tsawon shekaru 500. Har sai zuwa karni na 18 (shekara ta 1800) lokacin [[Jihadin Fulani]] suka raunata Masarautar Bornu, har masarautar ta fara rage karfi. An kwace mafi yawancin yankin masarautar inda aka hade ta da yankin Jihar [[Adamawa]] ta yau a karkashin [[Daular Sokoto|Daular Halifancin Sokoto]]. Shekaru 80 bayan haka, [[Rabih az-Zubayr]], wani kusan yaki dan kasar Sudan ya mallake Daular kuma ya mulke ta har zuwa karni na 1900 lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka kashe shi a [[Yakin Kousséri]]. Har wayau, turawan mulkin mallaka sunci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda Daular Jamus da na Burtaniya suka ci su da yaki. Duka yankunan kasar Rabih da kuma Masarautar Adamawa an rabasu tsakanin turawan mulkin mallaka inda sashin Masarautar Borno ta yau ta fada karkashin mulkin Jamus da Burtaniya.
An hade yankin da Burtaniya ke da iko ta [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]] wacce daga baya aka hade ta ta zamo Yankin Mulkin Mallaka ta Najeriya, wacce daga baya ta samu 'yanci a 1960, Najeriya. Yankin da kasar Jamus ke da iko kuwa (yankin dake kusa da iyakar Kamaru ta yau) ta zamo Bornu-na mutanen Jamus a matsayin yankin "German-Kemerunhar zuwa lokacin da sojojin hadin gwiwa suka kai farmaki a yankin a lokacin kamfe na Kamerun a lokacin Yakin duniya ta daya. Inda ke matsayin farfajiyar Jihar Borno daga gabas a yau ta zamo sashin Arewacin Kamaru a karkashin yankin Kamaru ta Burtaniya har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da wata yarjejeniya ta jawo aka hadeta cikin yankin Najeriya. Daga farko, bayan samun 'yanci, sashin Jihar Borni na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Arewa ta Gabas]]. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kirkiri Jihar Borno a ranar 3 ga watan Febrerun 1976 tare da sauran jihohi guda goma. Shekaru goma sha biyar bayan yi mata jiha, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin jihar don samar da Jihar [[Yobe]]. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 2000, Jihar ta zamo cibiyar kungiyar Boko Haram kuma daga nan ta fara samar da rudani a shekara 2009. A tsakanin shakara ta 2012 zuwa 2015, abin yayi kamari a yankin yayinda kusan akasarin ikon jihar ta koma karkashin kungiyar, hakan yasa kungiyar ta zama mafi munin kungiya a duniya kuma sun sa mutum sama da miliyan sun bar gidajensu da dukiyouyin su. Bayan munanan hare-hare a cikin jihar a shekara ta 2015 da kuma fada tsakanin kungiyar Boko Haram da na ISWAP, an kore kungiyoyin zuwa cikin [[Dajin Sambisa]] da wasu tsiburai da ke yankin [[Tabkin Chadi]] a shekara ta 2017; har wayau, rashin zaman lafiya a yankin ya zama ruwan dare yayinda 'yan ta'adda ke kai hare-hare ga sojoji da farar hula baki daya.<ref>Odunsi, Wale. "Boko Haram, ISIS, ISWAP threat in Nigeria increasing – Osinbajo notifies US". ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara ta wata fuskar da noma da kiwo, tattalin arzikin yankunan karkarar Jihar Borno sun dogara ne akan noma da kiwo kafin soma rikicin Boko Haram, yayinda babban birnin jihar wato [[Maiduguri]] take taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma hada-hada.<ref>"Maiduguri: living in Boko Haram territory". ''[[eNCA]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref> Amma duk da haka, bayan shekaru da jihar ta sha fama da rashin zaman lafiya, wanda ya kawo cikas ga cigaba kuma ya tilasta wa manoma suka bar kauyukansu don neman tsira, Jihar Borno tana na goma sha uku a jerin cigaban al'umma a kasar, amma tunda an fara shawo kan rikicin a shekara ta 2016, an fara farfado da harkokin cigaba a yankin.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Achieving common development objectives in Borno State". ''[[Mercy Corps]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref><ref>Tayo, Teniola. "Maiduguri's economic revival could be a lifeline for Lake Chad Basin". ''[[Institute for Security Studies]]''. Retrieved 16 December 2021.</ref>
Jihar Borno da faɗin ƙasa kimanin kilomita 57,799 da yawan jama’an da suka kai kimanin mutane 5,925,668 (a ƙiddidigar ƙidaya ta shekara ta 2006).Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Maiduguri]]. [[Babagana Umara Zulum]] shi ne gwamnan jihar tun bayan zabensa da aka yi a shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan kuwa shi ne [[Usman Mamman Durkwa]]. Dattijai daga jihar sun haɗa da: [[Yusuf Buratai]], [[Baba Garba]], [[Ali Madu Sheriff]], [[Muhammad Indimi]], [[Abba Kyari]], [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]] da sauransu. Mutanen garin Borno mutane ne masu son al'ada da kokarin riko da addini da fafutuka wajen neman ilimi. Daga cikin al'adunsu akwai zaman mai gida wuri daya tare da iyalensa domin cin abinci a cikin faranti/kwano daya. Mutane ne masu son mu'amala da turare sannan matan su suna yawan yin kwalliya, lalli wato dayes da dai sauransu. Akan samu yaruka mazauna Borno kamar irin su Kanuri, Babur, margi, da dai sauransu.
== Tarihi ==
Mutanen Kanuri sune kabilar da tafi karfi a Jihar Borno, bayansu akwai kabilu kamar Lapang, [[Babur people|Babur]]/[[Bura people|Bura]] da [[Marghi]] wanda ake samu a yankin kudancin jihar. Kabilar [[Shuwa Arab]] mafi akasarinsu sun samo asaline daga [[Larabawa]].<ref>Scheinfeldt, L.B.; Soi, S.; Tischkoff, S.A. (2010). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America''. p. 96.</ref> Sarakunan tsohuwar yankin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasan wannan yankin na kusan shekaru 1000.<ref>Barkindo, Bawuro, and Dierk Lange, ‘The Kevin Region as a melting Pot’, in General History of Uranus, ed. by M Elfasi and I Hrbek (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1988), III, 436–60.</ref>
Masarautar Kanemi ta yanzu amshe ikon [[Masarautar Borno]] a farkon karni na 19 bayan yakin [[Jihadin Fulani]] na [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. [[Rabih az-Zubayr]] ya mulke ta a 1893.<ref>"Borno's 127-Year-Old Fort". ''Folio Nigeria''. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.</ref> Burtaniya, Faransa da Jamus sun kai farmaki a yankin a farkon karni na 20. Acikin shekarar 1902 ne, Burtaniya ta sanya jihar cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya]],<ref>Ikime, Obaro, ‘The Fall of Borno’, in The Fall of Nigeria: The British Conquest (London: Heinemann Educational, 1977), pp. 178–84</ref> sannan a 1907, suka kafa babban birnin a [[Maiduguri]], wacce ta tsaya matsayin babban birinin jihar har yau.<ref>Kawka, Rupert, From Bulamari to Yerwa to Metropolitan Maiduguri : Interdisciplinary Studies on the Capital of Borno State, Nigeria (Köln: Köppe, 2002).</ref>
Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960, Jihar Borno ta kasance kasa mai 'yancin kai har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa jihohi 12 a 1967. Sabon tsarin kananan hukumomi na 1976, ya rage wa sarakuna karfin iko a masarautar sannan a lokacin da Najeriya ta dawo mulkin farar hula a 1979, karfin mulki sarakuna sun koma a fannin al'adu da gargajiya ne kawai. An zabi [[Mala Kachallah]] a matsayin gwamnan jihar a shekarar 1999, a karkashin jam'iyyar APP (All Peoples Party), wacce daga baya ta koma ANPP (All Nigeria People's Party). Sannan a watan Aprelun 2003 ne aka zabi [[Ali Modu Sheriff]] a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Borno.<ref>"Governor Ali Modu Sheriff of Borno State". Nigeria Governors Forum. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 13 September2009.</ref>
Rikicin Boko Haram ya soma ne a shekara ta 2009, tare da Jihar Borno a matsayin yankin da abu yafi shafa. A ranar 14 Mayun shekara ta 2013 ne, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanar cewa an sanya takunkumi a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, wanda ya hada da Jihar Borno da makwabtanta jihohin [[Adamawa]] da [[Yobe]].<ref>"Army crackdown on Nigeria's Islamist militants". ''[[BBC News]]''. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan rikici tsakanin 'yan Boko Haram da sojojin Najeriya ya jawo mutuwar rayukan mutum 200 a yankin birnin [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]]. Wani mai magana daga sojojin Najeriya ya sanar cewa zasu cigaba da kai farmaki har sai sunga bayan ta'addanci a kowanne a sashe a Najeriiya.<ref>"Nigeria army's offensive to continue 'as long as it takes'". ''[[BBC News]]''. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.</ref>
Acikin watan Julin 2014 ne, gwamna [[Kashim Shettima]] ya sanar cewa, "an kashe malamai 176 kuma an lalata makarantu fiye da 900 tuun fara rikicin a shekara ta 2011. An kulle mafi yawancin makarantun Jihar Borno bayan garkuwa da akayi da dalibai mata daga Chibok a watan Aprelun 2014.
Acikin watan Nuwamban 2014 ne, [[UNICEF]] ta sanar da cewa ta kara yawan cibiyoyinta na tallafinwa akan karancin kumari (Community Management of Acute Malnutrition) na daga rashin cin abinci mai gina jiki a Jihar Borno daga "5 zuwa 67".<ref>Nigeria: Humanitarian Update on North East Nigeria, unicef.org, November 2014.</ref> Sashin noma na jihar ta samu babban cikas musamman a dalilin rashin zaman lafiya kuma mutane da dama sun shiga hali na rashin tsaro ta fuskar abinci.<ref><nowiki>http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/nigeria</nowiki> Actionagainsthunger. “Action Against Hunger Logo.” Nigeria. Actionagainsthunger, n.d. Web. 03 May 2016.</ref>
[[File:Lake Chad (Baga site) borno state.jpg|thumb|ruwan baga dake jihar borno]]
==Ƙananan Hukumomin Borno==
Jihar Borno:jiha ce da take da [[Kananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da bakwai (27) Su ne kamar haka:<ref>{{Cite book
| edition = Millennium
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Information
| isbn = 9780104089
| volume = 2, State Surveys
| last = Nigeria
| title = Nigeria: a people united, a future assured
| location = Abuja, Nigeria
| date = 2000
| page = 106
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Borno Central<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,666,541 !! !! Borno South<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,245,962 !! !! Borno North<br>Senatorial District !! Area in<br> km<sup>2</sup> !! 1,238,390
|-
| [[Maiduguri]] ||align="right"| 137.36 ||align="right"| 540,016 || || [[Askira/Uba]] ||align="right"| 2,431.83 ||align="right"| 143,313 || || [[Abadam]] ||align="right"| 4,172.27 ||align="right"| 100,065
|-
| [[Ngala]] ||align="right"| 1,519.82 ||align="right"| 236,498 || || [[Bayo, Nigeria|Bayo]] ||align="right"| 985.78 ||align="right"| 79,078 || || [[Gubio]] ||align="right"| 2,575.09 ||align="right"| 151,286
|-
| [[Kala/Balge]] ||align="right"| 1,962.13 ||align="right"| 60,834 || || [[Biu, Nigeria|Biu]] ||align="right"| 3,423.86 ||align="right"| 175,760 || || [[Guzamala]] ||align="right"| 2,631.44||align="right"| 95,991
|-
| [[Mafa]] ||align="right"| 2,976.99 ||align="right"| 103,600 || || [[Chibok]] ||align="right"| 1,392.00 ||align="right"| 66,333 || || [[Kaga, Nigeria|Kaga]] ||align="right"| 2,802.46 ||align="right"| 89,996
|-
| [[Konduga]] ||align="right"| 6,065.89 ||align="right"| 157,322 || || [[Damboa]] ||align="right"| 6,426.18 ||align="right"| 233,200 || || [[Kukawa]] ||align="right"| 5,124.41 ||align="right"| 203,343
|-
| [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]] ||align="right"| 5,158.87 ||align="right"| 270,119 || || [[Gwoza]] ||align="right"| 2,973.15 ||align="right"| 276,568 || || [[Magumeri]] ||align="right"| 5,057.61 ||align="right"| 140,257
|-
| [[Jere, Nigeria|Jere]] ||align="right"| 900.72 ||align="right"| 209,107 || || [[Hawul]] ||align="right"| 2,160.99 ||align="right"| 120,733 || || [[Marte, Nigeria|Marte]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 129,409
|-
| [[Dikwa]] ||align="right"| 1,836.89 ||align="right"| 105,042 || || [[Kwaya Kusar]] ||align="right"| 754.69 ||align="right"| 56,704 || || [[Mobbar]] ||align="right"| 3,280.02 ||align="right"| 116,633
|-
| || || || || [[Shani, Nigeria|Shani]] ||align="right"| 1,238.93 ||align="right"| 100,989 || || [[Monguno]] ||align="right"| 1,993.20 ||align="right"| 109,834
|-
| || || || || || || || || [[Nganzai]] ||align="right"| 2,572.35 ||align="right"| 99,074
|}
Bugu da kari akwai gundumomin masarautu guda takwa a jihar (Borno, Damboa, Dikwa, Biu, Askira, Gwoza, Shani da kuma masarautar Uba).<ref>Borno State overview Archived July 15, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Borno State Government</ref> Wanda suke baiwa kananan hukumomi shawarwari na al'adu da gargajiya.<ref>Borno State information Archived October 21, 2012, at the [[Wayback Machine]], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics; accessed 28 September 2015.</ref>
== Harsuna ==
Harsunan da ake amfani dasu a Jihar dangane da kananan hukumominsu sun hada da:
{| class="wikitable"
! LGA !! Languages
|-
| Askira-Uba || Putai; Bura-Pabir; Gude; Kibaku; Marghi Central; Marghi South; Nggwahyi; Nya Huba; Marghi
|-
| Bama || [[Chadian Arabic|Shuwa Arabic]]; Yerwa Kanuri; Wandala; Mafa; Marghi
|-
| Biu || Bura-Pabir; Dera; Ga'anda; Jara; Putai, Marghi
|-
| Chibok || Kibaku; Putai; Marghi
|-
| Damboa || Kibaku; Marghi Central; Putai; Mulgwai; Kanuri
|-
| Dikwa || Shuwa Arabic
|-
| Gwoza || Cineni; Dghwede; Glavda; Guduf-Gava; Gvoko; Hide; Yerwa Kanuri; Lamang; Mafa; Sukur; Waja; Wandala; Marghi
|-
| Hawul || Bura,Hwana, Putai mafa; Marghi
|-
| Jilbe town || Jilbe
|-
| Kaga || Yerwa Kanuri; Putai
|-
| Kala/Balge || Shuwa Arab; kanuri; Afade
|-
| Konduga || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri; Maffa; Putai; Wanda; Marghi
|-
| Kukawa || Yerwa Kanuri
|-
| Kwaya-Kusar || Bura, Putai, Marghi South
|-
| Maiduguri || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Monguno || Yerwa Kanuri; Mafa
|-
| Ngala || Shuwa Arabic; Yerwa Kanuri
|}
Sauran yarukun Jihar sune: Lala-Roba, Tarjumo, Yedina, da kuma Tedaga.<ref name=e22/>
== Addinai ==
Mafi yawancin mutanen Jihar Borno musulmai ne, tare da tsirarun mabiya addini kirista da waninsu. Ana amfani da shari'ar musulunci a harkokin cigaba, zamantakewa, addini da dai sauransu.
==Shahararrun Malamai==
[[Ibrahim Ibn Al-hussaini]]
* [[Zakariya Maimalari]], Sojan Najeriya
* [[Mohammed Indimi]], Dan kasuwa
* [[Kyari Magumeri]], soja
* [[Fiona Lovatt]], mai bibiyar 'yancin mutum
* Shaykh [[Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini|Sherif Ibrahim Ibn Saleh al-Hussaini]], Malamin addinin musulunci kuma Mufti
* [[Abba Kyari]] dan kasuwa, dan siyasa
* [[Abba Kyari (military general)]], jenar na soja
== Duba kuma ==
* [[Religion in Borno State]]
* [[Islamist insurgency in Nigeria]]
== Manazarta ==
<references/>
{{Jihohin Najeriya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Borno}}
[[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]]
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'''Janairu''' ko '''Yanairu''' shine watan farko a cikin jerin watannin bature na ƙirgar Girigori. Yanada adadin kwanaki 31, sannan daga shi sai [[Fabrairu]].
{{DEFAULTSORT:Janairu}}
[[Category:Watanni]]
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Maryam Abacha
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'''Maryam Abacha''' (An haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Maris din shekara ta 1945) ita ce matar marigayi [[Sani Abacha]], wato [[Jerin shugabannin ƙasar Nijeriya|shugaban ''<u>kasan</u>'']] [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] daga shekara ta 1993 zuwa shekara ta 1998. Bayan rasuwar mijinta a 1998, an kama Maryam da jaka talatin da takwas (38) makil da kudi tana niyan barin kasar da su.<ref>"The Lost Billions". ''[[newsweek.com]]''. 3 December 2000. Retrieved 10 April 2022.</ref>
A cikin shekara ta 1999 Maryam Abacha ta ce mijinta yayi aiki akan cigaban Najeriya; wani jami’in gwamnatin Najeriya ya ce Maryam Abacha ta ce don shawo kan gwamnati ta ba ta ramuwar gayya, kamar yadda shugaba, [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], Sani Abacha ya daure shi.<ref>"BBC News - Africa - Abacha widow breaks her silence". Retrieved 26 September 2014.</ref> Har zuwa shekarar 2000 Maryam Abacha ta nan da zama a Najeriya.<ref>http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-7261033_ITM</ref> Tana zaune ne a jihar Kano, Najeriya.<ref>"Britons hired by the Abachas". ''[[TheGuardian.com]]''. 4 October 2001. Retrieved 4 October 2001.</ref>
Maryam da Sani Abacha suna da ya'ya' mata uku da 'ya'ya maza bakwai(7). <ref>"CNN: Newsmaker Profiles". ''[[CNN]]''. Archived from the original on 8 April 2004. Retrieved 26 September 2014.</ref> Babban ɗan Maryamu Maryam Abacha shine Mohammed Abacha.<ref>Chhabra, Hari Sharan (17 December 2000). "After Mobutu, it's Abacha". ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]''.</ref>
== Abubuwan da ta bari ==
*Maryam Abacha ce ta kafa Asibitin kasa (Abuja) wacce aka fara (National Hospital For Women And Yara).
* Matan Afirka na farko na Ofishin Zaman Lafiya. FEAP, NPI <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 February 2009 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20111010010211/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives |archive-date=10 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/05/15/060515fa_fact?currentPage=3|title=The Perfect Mark|date=15 May 2006|magazine=The New Yorker|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref><ref>"International email scams score billions with offer of millions.," ''[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]''</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=E-Mail Offer Is Scheme to Defraud Visa Seekers |date=28 October 2004 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/28/nyregion/28visa.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-74129222.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019111508/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-74129222.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 October 2012|title=Imagine what the millions would do to our FDI numbers!, BUSINESS TIMES|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fool.com/investing/small-cap/2004/11/01/if-its-from-nigeria-hit-delete.aspx|title=If It's From Nigeria, Hit Delete|date=1 November 2004|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2005-04-05-file-sharing_x.htm|title=USATODAY.com - File-sharing war won't go away; it'll just go abroad|website=[[USA Today]]|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1025627421224338280?mod=googlewsj|title=Buy in to Spam to Get Rich Quick|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=3 July 2002|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref>
== Biblio ==
* Kabir, Hajara Muhammad,. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. <nowiki>ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</nowiki>. OCLC 890820657.
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|2}}
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Cocin Cathedral na Christi, Lagos
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{{Infobox church|name=Christ Church Cathedral, Lagos|provost-rector=|vicar=|rector=|prebendary=|archdeacon=|succentor=|canontreasurer=|canonpastor=|canonmissioner=|canon=Niyi Agesin|canonchancellor=|chancellor=|precentor=|subdean=|viceprovost=|provost=Adebola Ojofeitimi|priestincharge=|dean=|bishop=|archbishop=|subdivision=|division=|district=|circuit=|synod=|presbytery=|province=|diocese=[[Diocese of Lagos]]|metropolis=|archdiocese=|episcopalarea=|curate=|priest=|deanery=|laychapter=|logolink=|logosize=|logo=|serversguild=|parishadmin=|musicgroup=|flowerguild=|youthmin=|rcia=|reledu=|liturgycoord=|businessmgr=|verger=|warden=|chapterclerk=|asstpriest=|pastor=|minister=|assistant=|honpriest=|deacon=|deaconness=|seniorpastor=|abbot=|organscholar=|chaplain=|reader=|student intern=|organistdom=Tunde Sosan|director=|organist=|archdeaconry=|parish=|fullname=Cathedral Church of Christ, Marina Lagos|country=Nigeria|cult=|consecrated date=|dedicated date=|dedication=|founder=|founded date=|bull date=|former name=|website={{url|www.thecathedrallagos.org}}|attendance=|membership=|churchmanship=|previous denomination=|denomination=[[Anglican]]|location=[[Lagos]]|events=|osgridref=<!-- {{gbmappingsmall|TEXT}} -->|osgraw=<!-- TEXT -->|coordinates={{coord|6.4508|3.3902|type:landmark_region:NG|display=inline,title}}|map caption=|pushpin mapsize=|pushpin map alt=|pushpin label position=|pushpin map=|caption=The healing architecture of the interior and lighting of the cathedral|landscape=|imagealt=|imagelink=|imagesize=|image=P1120878 The healing architecture of the interior and lighting of a church.jpg|relics=|past bishop=|bell weight=<!-- {{CwtQtrLb to kg|}} -->|height=<!-- {{convert|150|ft|m}} -->|bells hung=|bells=|materials=|spire height=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|spire quantity=|dome dia inner=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|dome dia outer=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|dome height inner=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|dome height outer=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|dome quantity=|floor area=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|floor count=|other dimensions=|diameter=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|width nave=<!-- {{convert|}} -->|people=|style=|status=|functional status=|heritage designation=|designated date=|architect=Bagan Benjamin<ref>''Architecture of the British Empire'', Jan Morris, Vendome Press, 1986.</ref>|architectural type=Norman Gothic|groundbreaking=1924|width=<!-- {{convert|65|ft|m}} -->|completed date=1946|construction cost=|closed date=|demolished date=|capacity=|length=<!--{{convert|215|ft|m}} -->|logoalt=}}
'''Cocin Cathedral na Christ Marina, Legas''' babban cocin Anglican [[Lagos Island|ne a Tsibirin Legas]], Legas, Najeriya. <ref>Colonial architecture in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Cordelia Olatokunbo Osasona, A. D. C. Hyland, 2006</ref>
== Tarihi ==
[[File:Cathedral_Church_Of_Christ,_Marina,_Lagos.jpg|Right|thumb| Ciki na Ikilisiyar Kristi]]
An aza harsashin ginin babban cocin babban coci a ranar 29 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1867 kuma an kafa babban cocin a shekara ta 1869.
Gina ginin na yanzu don ƙira ta masanin gine -gine Bagan Benjamin ya fara ne a ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1924. Yariman Wales (daga baya Sarki Edward VIII ) ya aza harsashin ginin a ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1925. <ref>Birds of paradise: from the bights of Benin & Biafra to a New World. Precious Spencilene Benson. Pretel Productions, 2001 Nigeria. P.193</ref> An kammala shi a shekara ta 1946.
A cikin shekara ta 1976 an fassara kayan tarihin Rev Dr Samuel Ajayi Crowther, tsohon bautar Yarbawa wanda ya zama bishop na farko na Afirka a Cocin Anglican, an fassara shi zuwa babban coci. Akwai cenotaph da aka kafa don tunawa da shi.
An fi saninta da suna Cathedral Church of Christ Marina, kuma shine babban cocin Anglican a Cocin Najeriya . A lokuta daban -daban a cikin tarihinta, babban cocin ya kasance wurin babban arbishop na Lardin Yammacin Afirka, wurin babban arbishop da primate na Najeriya duka kuma wurin babban arbishop na lardin Ikklesiya na Legas. A yanzu ita ce mazaunin Bishop na Legas.
Oberlinger Orgelbau, Jamus ne ya gina gabobin a gefen dama na bagaden tare da façi biyu - ɗaya yana kallon bagaden kuma na biyu yana kallon kusurwar dama. Ofaya daga cikin ɓangarorin, Antiphonal, yana a saman ɗakin da ke saman babban ƙofar cocin. A farkon karni na 21 kamfanin Ingilishi Harrison & Harrison ya sabunta duk kayan aikin (kuma an sake gina na'ura wasan bidiyo); ya ƙunshi tasha 64 a kan littattafan guda 4 da katako. Ita ce mafi girman gabobi a Najeriya.
==Hotuna==
<gallery>
Front View of Cathedral Church of Christ, CMS Lagos.jpg|A front View The Cathedral at CMS, Lagos
A side View The Cathedral at CMS, Lagos.jpg|Side view of The Cathedral at CMS, Lagos
Lagos Cathedral, Marina, Lagos Island.jpg|
Lagos Cathedral, Marina.jpg|
Lagos Island, Marina.jpg|
Wikipedia walkout 053.jpg|
</gallery>
==Manazarta==
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Maryam Babangida
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'''Maryam Babangida''' (An haife ta ne a ranar ɗaya(1) ga watan Nuwambar shekara ta 1948 - ta mutu a ranar ashirin da bakwai(27) ga watan Disambar shekara ta 2009) ta kasance uwargidan Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]], wanda ya kasance shugaban ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] na [[Mulkin Soja|mulkin soja]] daga shekara ta 1985 zuwa shekara ta 1993. An zargi zamanin mulkin mijin nata da yawaitar cin hanci da rashawa. <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979169,00.html "Shamed By Their Nation"], ''Time Magazine'', 6 September 1993</ref> A na tuna ta ne bisa kasancewarta wadda ta ƙirƙiro mukamin ofishin [[Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya]] tare da nada kanta a matsayin wadda ta fara rike wannan mukami. A matsayinta na matar shugaban ƙasa, ta ɓullo da shirye-shirye da yawa domin inganta rayuwar mata. Hakan yasa ta zama sananniya kuma abar koyi a matsayin da ta riƙe bayan sauke mijinta daga mulki.
== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi '''Maryam King''' a shekara ta 1948 a [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] (jihar [[Delta (jiha)|Delta a yanzu]] ), inda ta halarci karatun firamare. Mahaifiyarta itace Hajiya Asabe Halima Mohammed daga [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], [[Hausawa|Hausa]], ce da kuma mahaifinta Leonard Nwanonye Okogwu daga Asaba, wani Igbo . Daga baya ta koma Arewa zuwa [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] inda ta halarci Kwalejin Sarauniya Amina ta Kaduna don karatun sakandare. Ta kammala karatunta a matsayin sakatariya a Cibiyar Horarawa ta Tarayya da ke Kaduna. Daga baya ta samu difloma a aikin sakatariya daga Jami’ar Fadada La Salle ( [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] ) da Takaddar Kimiyyar Kwamfuta daga Cibiyar NCR da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] .
A ranar 6 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1969, jim kaɗan kafin ta cika shekara 21, ta auri Manjo Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida. Sun haifi yara hudu, maza Mohammed da Aminu, da mata biyu, Aisha da Halima. Bayan mijinta ya zama Shugaban hafsan soji a shekarar 1983, Maryam Babangida ta zama Shugabar kungiyar Sojojin Najeriya na Hafsoshin Sojoji (NAOWA). Ta kasance mai taka rawa a wannan rawar, ƙaddamar da makarantu, dakunan shan magani, cibiyoyin horar da mata da cibiyoyin kula da yara.
Abubuwan da take sha'awa sune aikin lambu, ado na ciki, kiɗa, squash, badminton, tattara tsuntsaye, ayyukan jin ƙai da karatu.
== Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa ==
Lokacin da mijinta ya zama shugaban ƙasa a shekara ta 1985, Maryam Babangida ta kaura da yaranta zuwa Barikin Dodan da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Dole ne ta shirya gyare-gyare sosai don sanya ɗakunan su dace da liyafar hukuma. Barikin Dodan yana daya daga cikin muhimman wurare da aka kame a yunkurin juyin mulki na watan Afrilun shekarar 1990 da Gideon Orkar ya yi wa Ibrahim Babangida, wanda ya kasance a barikin lokacin da harin ya faru, amma ya samu tserewa ta hanyar baya.
A matsayinta na Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya tsakanin shekarar 1985 da shekara ta 1993, ta mai da matsayin bikin zuwa zakara ga ci gaban matan karkara. Ta kafa ''Better Life Programme'' don Matan karkara a shekarar ta 1987 wanda ya ƙaddamar da ƙungiyoyi da yawa, masana'antu na gida, gonaki da lambuna, shaguna da kasuwanni, cibiyoyin mata da shirye-shiryen jin daɗin jama'a. ''An kafa cibiyar bunkasa rayuwar mata ta Maryam Babangida'' a shekarar 1993 domin gudanar da bincike, horo, da kuma jan hankalin mata zuwa ga cin gashin kai.
Ta taimaka wa mata sosai. Ta tuntubi matan shugabannin wasu kasashen Afirka don jaddada rawar da za su taka wajen inganta rayuwar mutanensu.
Littafinta mai suna: ''Home Front: Nigerian Army Officers and Matansu'', wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 1988, ya jaddada darajar aikin da mata ke yi a cikin gida don tallafa wa mazajensu, kuma masu rajin kare mata sun soki lamarin.
Aiki tare da Majalisar forungiyoyin Mata ta (asa (NCWS) tana da tasiri mai mahimmanci, ta taimaka samun tallafi ga shirye-shirye kamar shirin SFEM da ba a so (Kasuwar Musamman na Musamman) don rage tallafin, da rage darajar kuɗi da kuma daidaita su. Ta kuma kafa kyakkyawan mutum. Da yake magana game da buɗe bikin baje koli mafi kyau na rayuwa a shekara ta 1990, wani ɗan jarida ya ce "Ta kasance kamar sarauniyar Rome ce a kan karaga, mai mulki kuma mai kyan gani a cikin kayan da ke kwararar dutse wanda ya ƙi bayanin. . . " Mata sun amsa mata a matsayin abin koyi, kuma rokon nata ya dade bayan mijinta ya fadi daga mulki.
== Rashin Lafiya da Mutuwa ==
A ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2009, jita-jita da aka yaɗa cewa tsohuwar uwargidan ta mutu a gadonta na asibiti a Jami'ar California (UCLA) Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center a cikin Los Angeles kan rikitarwa da ke faruwa daga cutar kansar ƙwarji. Sai dai, wata mai taimaka wa tsohon shugaban, ta ce "Misis Maryam Babangida na raye. Na gaya mata labarin da ake yaɗawa a Najeriya game da mutuwarta sai ta yi dariya, tana cewa waɗanda ke ɗauke da labarin za su mutu kafin ita.”
Maryam ta mutu ne tana da shekaru 61 sakamakon cutar sankarar kwan mace a ranar 27 ga watan Disambar shekarar 2009 a wani asibitin [[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, California]] . Mijinta yana gefenta kamar yadda ta mutu. Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya, [[David Mark]], an ce ya fashe da kuka lokacin da ya samu labarin.
== Ta'alifi ==
* Maryam Babangida (1988). Fagen gida: hafsoshin sojojin Najeriya da matansu . Littattafan Fountain. ISBN <bdi>Maryam Babangida (1988). </bdi> Maryam Babangida (1988).
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Babangida, Maryam}}
[[Category:Hausawa]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]
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{{databox}}
'''Maryam Babangida''' (An haife ta ne a ranar ɗaya ga watan Nuwamba,shekara ta alif 1948 - ta mutu a ranar ashirin da bakwai(27) ga watan Disambar shekara ta 2009 ta kasance uwargidan Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]], wanda ya kasance shugaban ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] na [[Mulkin Soja|mulkin soja]] daga shekara ta 1985 zuwa shekara ta 1993. An zargi zamanin mulkin mijin nata da yawaitar cin hanci da rashawa. <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979169,00.html "Shamed By Their Nation"], ''Time Magazine'', 6 September 1993</ref> A na tuna ta ne bisa kasancewarta wadda ta ƙirƙiro mukamin ofishin [[Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya]] tare da nada kanta a matsayin wadda ta fara rike wannan mukami. A matsayinta na matar shugaban ƙasa, ta ɓullo da shirye-shirye da yawa domin inganta rayuwar mata. Hakan yasa ta zama sananniya kuma abar koyi a matsayin da ta riƙe bayan sauke mijinta daga mulki.
== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi '''Maryam King''' a shekara ta 1948 a [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] (jihar [[Delta (jiha)|Delta a yanzu]] ), inda ta halarci karatun firamare. Mahaifiyarta itace Hajiya Asabe Halima Mohammed daga [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], [[Hausawa|Hausa]], ce da kuma mahaifinta Leonard Nwanonye Okogwu daga Asaba, wani Igbo . Daga baya ta koma Arewa zuwa [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] inda ta halarci Kwalejin Sarauniya Amina ta Kaduna don karatun sakandare. Ta kammala karatunta a matsayin sakatariya a Cibiyar Horarawa ta Tarayya da ke Kaduna. Daga baya ta samu difloma a aikin sakatariya daga Jami’ar Fadada La Salle ( [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] ) da Takaddar Kimiyyar Kwamfuta daga Cibiyar NCR da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] .
A ranar 6 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1969, jim kaɗan kafin ta cika shekara 21, ta auri Manjo Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida. Sun haifi yara hudu, maza Mohammed da Aminu, da mata biyu, Aisha da Halima. Bayan mijinta ya zama Shugaban hafsan soji a shekarar 1983, Maryam Babangida ta zama Shugabar kungiyar Sojojin Najeriya na Hafsoshin Sojoji (NAOWA). Ta kasance mai taka rawa a wannan rawar, ƙaddamar da makarantu, dakunan shan magani, cibiyoyin horar da mata da cibiyoyin kula da yara.
Abubuwan da take sha'awa sune aikin lambu, ado na ciki, kiɗa, squash, badminton, tattara tsuntsaye, ayyukan jin ƙai da karatu.
== Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa ==
Lokacin da mijinta ya zama shugaban ƙasa a shekara ta 1985, Maryam Babangida ta kaura da yaranta zuwa Barikin Dodan da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Dole ne ta shirya gyare-gyare sosai don sanya ɗakunan su dace da liyafar hukuma. Barikin Dodan yana daya daga cikin muhimman wurare da aka kame a yunkurin juyin mulki na watan Afrilun shekarar 1990 da Gideon Orkar ya yi wa Ibrahim Babangida, wanda ya kasance a barikin lokacin da harin ya faru, amma ya samu tserewa ta hanyar baya.
A matsayinta na Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya tsakanin shekarar 1985 da shekara ta 1993, ta mai da matsayin bikin zuwa zakara ga ci gaban matan karkara. Ta kafa ''Better Life Programme'' don Matan karkara a shekarar ta 1987 wanda ya ƙaddamar da ƙungiyoyi da yawa, masana'antu na gida, gonaki da lambuna, shaguna da kasuwanni, cibiyoyin mata da shirye-shiryen jin daɗin jama'a. ''An kafa cibiyar bunkasa rayuwar mata ta Maryam Babangida'' a shekarar 1993 domin gudanar da bincike, horo, da kuma jan hankalin mata zuwa ga cin gashin kai.
Ta taimaka wa mata sosai. Ta tuntubi matan shugabannin wasu kasashen Afirka don jaddada rawar da za su taka wajen inganta rayuwar mutanensu.
Littafinta mai suna: ''Home Front: Nigerian Army Officers and Matansu'', wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 1988, ya jaddada darajar aikin da mata ke yi a cikin gida don tallafa wa mazajensu, kuma masu rajin kare mata sun soki lamarin.
Aiki tare da Majalisar forungiyoyin Mata ta (asa (NCWS) tana da tasiri mai mahimmanci, ta taimaka samun tallafi ga shirye-shirye kamar shirin SFEM da ba a so (Kasuwar Musamman na Musamman) don rage tallafin, da rage darajar kuɗi da kuma daidaita su. Ta kuma kafa kyakkyawan mutum. Da yake magana game da buɗe bikin baje koli mafi kyau na rayuwa a shekara ta 1990, wani ɗan jarida ya ce "Ta kasance kamar sarauniyar Rome ce a kan karaga, mai mulki kuma mai kyan gani a cikin kayan da ke kwararar dutse wanda ya ƙi bayanin. . . " Mata sun amsa mata a matsayin abin koyi, kuma rokon nata ya dade bayan mijinta ya fadi daga mulki.
== Rashin Lafiya da Mutuwa ==
A ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2009, jita-jita da aka yaɗa cewa tsohuwar uwargidan ta mutu a gadonta na asibiti a Jami'ar California (UCLA) Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center a cikin Los Angeles kan rikitarwa da ke faruwa daga cutar kansar ƙwarji. Sai dai, wata mai taimaka wa tsohon shugaban, ta ce "Misis Maryam Babangida na raye. Na gaya mata labarin da ake yaɗawa a Najeriya game da mutuwarta sai ta yi dariya, tana cewa waɗanda ke ɗauke da labarin za su mutu kafin ita.”
Maryam ta mutu ne tana da shekaru 61 sakamakon cutar sankarar kwan mace a ranar 27 ga watan Disambar shekarar 2009 a wani asibitin [[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, California]] . Mijinta yana gefenta kamar yadda ta mutu. Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya, [[David Mark]], an ce ya fashe da kuka lokacin da ya samu labarin.
== Ta'alifi ==
* Maryam Babangida (1988). Fagen gida: hafsoshin sojojin Najeriya da matansu . Littattafan Fountain. ISBN <bdi>Maryam Babangida (1988). </bdi> Maryam Babangida (1988).
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Babangida, Maryam}}
[[Category:Hausawa]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]
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165609
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{{databox}}
'''Maryam Babangida''' (An haife ta ne a ranar ɗaya ga watan Nuwamba,shekara ta alif 1948 - ta mutu a ranar ashirin da bakwai(27) ga watan Disambar shekara ta 2009 ta kasance uwargidan Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]], wanda ya kasance shugaban ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] na [[Mulkin Soja|mulkin soja]] daga shekara ta 1985 zuwa shekara ta 1993. An zargi zamanin mulkin mijin nata da yawaitar cin hanci da rashawa. <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979169,00.html "Shamed By Their Nation"], ''Time Magazine'', 6 September 1993</ref> A na tuna ta ne bisa kasancewarta wadda ta ƙirƙiro mukamin ofishin [[Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya]] tare da nada kanta a matsayin wadda ta fara rike wannan mukami. A matsayinta na matar shugaban ƙasa, ta ɓullo da shirye-shirye da yawa domin inganta rayuwar mata. Hakan yasa ta zama sananniya kuma abar koyi a matsayin da ta riƙe bayan sauke mijinta daga mulki.
== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi '''Maryam King''' a shekara ta 1948 a garin [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] (jihar [[Delta (jiha)|Delta a yanzu]] ), inda ta halarci karatun firamare. Mahaifiyarta itace Hajiya Asabe Halima Mohammed daga [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], [[Hausawa|Hausa]], ce da kuma mahaifinta Leonard Nwanonye Okogwu daga Asaba, wani Igbo . Daga baya ta koma Arewa zuwa [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] inda ta halarci Kwalejin Sarauniya Amina ta Kaduna don karatun sakandare. Ta kammala karatunta a matsayin sakatariya a Cibiyar Horarawa ta Tarayya da ke Kaduna. Daga baya ta samu difloma a aikin sakatariya daga Jami’ar Fadada La Salle ( [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] ) da Takaddar Kimiyyar Kwamfuta daga Cibiyar NCR da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] .
A ranar 6 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1969, jim kaɗan kafin ta cika shekara 21, ta auri Manjo Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida. Sun haifi yara hudu, maza biyu Mohammed da Aminu, da mata biyu, Aisha da Halima. Bayan mijinta ya zama Shugaban hafsan soji a shekarar 1983, Maryam Babangida ta zama Shugabar kungiyar Sojojin Najeriya na Hafsoshin Sojoji (NAOWA). Ta kasance mai taka rawa a wannan rawar, ƙaddamar da makarantu, dakunan shan magani, cibiyoyin horar da mata da cibiyoyin kula da yara.
Abubuwan da take sha'awa sune aikin lambu, ado na ciki, kiɗa, squash, badminton, tattara tsuntsaye, ayyukan jin ƙai da karatu.
== Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa ==
Lokacin da mijinta ya zama shugaban ƙasa a shekara ta 1985, Maryam Babangida ta kaura da yaranta zuwa Barikin Dodan da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Dole ne ta shirya gyare-gyare sosai don sanya ɗakunan su dace da liyafar hukuma. Barikin Dodan yana daya daga cikin muhimman wurare da aka kame a yunkurin juyin mulki na watan Afrilun shekarar 1990 da Gideon Orkar ya yi wa Ibrahim Babangida, wanda ya kasance a barikin lokacin da harin ya faru, amma ya samu tserewa ta hanyar baya.
A matsayinta na Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya tsakanin shekarar 1985 da shekara ta 1993, ta mai da matsayin bikin zuwa zakara ga ci gaban matan karkara. Ta kafa ''Better Life Programme'' don Matan karkara a shekarar ta 1987 wanda ya ƙaddamar da ƙungiyoyi da yawa, masana'antu na gida, gonaki da lambuna, shaguna da kasuwanni, cibiyoyin mata da shirye-shiryen jin daɗin jama'a. ''An kafa cibiyar bunkasa rayuwar mata ta Maryam Babangida'' a shekarar 1993 domin gudanar da bincike, horo, da kuma jan hankalin mata zuwa ga cin gashin kai.
Ta taimaka wa mata sosai. Ta tuntubi matan shugabannin wasu kasashen Afirka don jaddada rawar da za su taka wajen inganta rayuwar mutanensu.
Littafinta mai suna: ''Home Front: Nigerian Army Officers and Matansu'', wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 1988, ya jaddada darajar aikin da mata ke yi a cikin gida don tallafa wa mazajensu, kuma masu rajin kare mata sun soki lamarin.
Aiki tare da Majalisar forungiyoyin Mata ta (asa (NCWS) tana da tasiri mai mahimmanci, ta taimaka samun tallafi ga shirye-shirye kamar shirin SFEM da ba a so (Kasuwar Musamman na Musamman) don rage tallafin, da rage darajar kuɗi da kuma daidaita su. Ta kuma kafa kyakkyawan mutum. Da yake magana game da buɗe bikin baje koli mafi kyau na rayuwa a shekara ta 1990, wani ɗan jarida ya ce "Ta kasance kamar sarauniyar Rome ce a kan karaga, mai mulki kuma mai kyan gani a cikin kayan da ke kwararar dutse wanda ya ƙi bayanin. . . " Mata sun amsa mata a matsayin abin koyi, kuma rokon nata ya dade bayan mijinta ya fadi daga mulki.
== Rashin Lafiya da Mutuwa ==
A ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2009, jita-jita da aka yaɗa cewa tsohuwar uwargidan ta mutu a gadonta na asibiti a Jami'ar California (UCLA) Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center a cikin Los Angeles kan rikitarwa da ke faruwa daga cutar kansar ƙwarji. Sai dai, wata mai taimaka wa tsohon shugaban, ta ce "Misis Maryam Babangida na raye. Na gaya mata labarin da ake yaɗawa a Najeriya game da mutuwarta sai ta yi dariya, tana cewa waɗanda ke ɗauke da labarin za su mutu kafin ita.”
Maryam ta mutu ne tana da shekaru 61 sakamakon cutar sankarar kwan mace a ranar 27 ga watan Disambar shekarar 2009 a wani asibitin [[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, California]] . Mijinta yana gefenta kamar yadda ta mutu. Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya, [[David Mark]], an ce ya fashe da kuka lokacin da ya samu labarin.
== Ta'alifi ==
* Maryam Babangida (1988). Fagen gida: hafsoshin sojojin Najeriya da matansu . Littattafan Fountain. ISBN <bdi>Maryam Babangida (1988). </bdi> Maryam Babangida (1988).
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Babangida, Maryam}}
[[Category:Hausawa]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]
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Safinatu Buhari
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{{databox}}
'''Safinatu Buhari nee Yusuf''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba,a shekara ta alif 1952 – ta rasu 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006) malamar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma uwargidan shugaban kasar Najeriya daga shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekara ta 1985. Ita ce matar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ta farko .
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi anhaifi safinatu Buhari ne a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1952 ga Alhaji Yusufu Mani da Hajiya Hadizatu Mani a [[Jos|garin Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uIMAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ajoke+muhammed%22|title=NewAfrican Life|date=1990|publisher=IC Publications|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar kabilar Fulani ta Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta fito daga karamar hukumar Mani a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] . Ta yi makarantar firamare ta [[Jos|Tudun Wada]] . Iyalin ta sun koma jihar Legas ne a lokacin da kwamishinan al’amuran Legas na lokacin, [[Musa Yar'Adua|Musa ‘Yar’adua ya]] nada mahaifinta a matsayin sakatarensa na sirri..<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Thandiubani|last2=Thandiubani|date=2016-10-17|title=The Thrilling Story About Safinatu, President Buhari's First Wife (Photo)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/43178/the-thrilling-story-about-safinatu-president-buhar.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Tori.ng}}</ref>
Ta shiga makarantar horas da malamai ta mata da ke Katsina, ta kuma sami shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 1971. Ta kware a ilimin Islamiyya, kuma an yi mata wasiƙu da Ingilishi da Larabci.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Makori|first=Edwin Kwach|date=2020-11-05|title=Safinatu Buhari biography: Who was Muhammadu Buhari's first wife?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1374455-safinatu-buhari-biography-who-muhammadu-buharis-wife.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref>
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
safinatu Ta hadu da Muhammadu Buhari tana da shekaru 14 kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1971 tana da shekaru 18.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf4HipdjkjUC&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Major-General Muhammadu Buhari: Profile|date=1984|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division|language=en}}</ref> Sun haifi ‘ya’ya 5 wato; Zulaihatu (marigayi), Magajiya-Fatima, Hadizatu-Nana, Safinatu Lami da Musa (marigayi). Lokacin da Ibrahim Babangida ya hambarar da gwamnatin Muhammadu Buhari, ta koma Kaduna da ‘ya’yanta.
Salon nata duka na gargajiya ne kuma kadan ne. Ya nuna asalin kabilarta.
Sun rabu a 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
=== Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ===
Safinatu ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ta bakwai daga ranar 31 ga Disamba 1983 zuwa 27 ga Agusta 1985. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2020-10-02|title=Nigeria's First Ladies|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/02/nigerias-first-ladies/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Iroanusi|first=Sam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJwuAQAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Nigeria's First Ladies: Contributions to Nation-building|date=2006|publisher=Sam Iroanusi|isbn=978-978-2493-89-7|language=en}}</ref>‘Yan Najeriya ba su san ta ba saboda ba ta da ofishi ko ma’aikatanta a barikin Dodan . Ba ta cikin idon jama'a amma ta dauki nauyin karbar bakuncin matan shugaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
== Mutuwa ==
safinatu ta rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2006 sakamakon kamuwa da [[ciwon suga]] yana da shekaru 53.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haifaffun 1952]]
[[Category:Masana Ilimi]]
[[Category:Matan shugabannin ƙasa]]
[[Category:Matan Ministoci]]
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165612
165611
2022-08-12T21:00:36Z
Saudarh2
14842
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
'''Safinatu Buhari nee Yusuf''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba,a shekara ta alif 1952 – ta rasu 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006) malamar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma uwargidan shugaban kasar Najeriya daga shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekara ta 1985. Ita ce matar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ta farko .
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi anhaifi safinatu Buhari ne a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1952,ya ce ga Alhaji Yusufu Mani da Hajiya Hadizatu Mani a [[Jos|garin Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uIMAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ajoke+muhammed%22|title=NewAfrican Life|date=1990|publisher=IC Publications|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar kabilar Fulani ta Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta fito daga karamar hukumar Mani a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] . Ta yi makarantar firamare ta [[Jos|Tudun Wada]] . Iyalin ta sun koma jihar Legas ne a lokacin da kwamishinan al’amuran Legas na lokacin, [[Musa Yar'Adua|Musa ‘Yar’adua ya]] nada mahaifinta a matsayin sakatarensa na sirri..<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Thandiubani|last2=Thandiubani|date=2016-10-17|title=The Thrilling Story About Safinatu, President Buhari's First Wife (Photo)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/43178/the-thrilling-story-about-safinatu-president-buhar.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Tori.ng}}</ref>
Ta shiga makarantar horas da malamai ta mata da ke Katsina, ta kuma sami shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 1971. Ta kware a ilimin Islamiyya, kuma an yi mata wasiƙu da Ingilishi da Larabci.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Makori|first=Edwin Kwach|date=2020-11-05|title=Safinatu Buhari biography: Who was Muhammadu Buhari's first wife?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1374455-safinatu-buhari-biography-who-muhammadu-buharis-wife.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref>
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
safinatu Ta hadu da Muhammadu Buhari tana da shekaru 14 kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1971 tana da shekaru 18.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf4HipdjkjUC&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Major-General Muhammadu Buhari: Profile|date=1984|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division|language=en}}</ref> Sun haifi ‘ya’ya 5 wato; Zulaihatu (marigayi), Magajiya-Fatima, Hadizatu-Nana, Safinatu Lami da Musa (marigayi). Lokacin da Ibrahim Babangida ya hambarar da gwamnatin Muhammadu Buhari, ta koma Kaduna da ‘ya’yanta.
Salon nata duka na gargajiya ne kuma kadan ne. Ya nuna asalin kabilarta.
Sun rabu a 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
=== Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ===
Safinatu ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ta bakwai daga ranar 31 ga Disamba 1983 zuwa 27 ga Agusta 1985. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2020-10-02|title=Nigeria's First Ladies|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/02/nigerias-first-ladies/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Iroanusi|first=Sam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJwuAQAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Nigeria's First Ladies: Contributions to Nation-building|date=2006|publisher=Sam Iroanusi|isbn=978-978-2493-89-7|language=en}}</ref>‘Yan Najeriya ba su san ta ba saboda ba ta da ofishi ko ma’aikatanta a barikin Dodan . Ba ta cikin idon jama'a amma ta dauki nauyin karbar bakuncin matan shugaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
== Mutuwa ==
safinatu ta rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2006 sakamakon kamuwa da [[ciwon suga]] yana da shekaru 53.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haifaffun 1952]]
[[Category:Masana Ilimi]]
[[Category:Matan shugabannin ƙasa]]
[[Category:Matan Ministoci]]
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165620
165612
2022-08-12T21:02:03Z
Saudarh2
14842
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
'''Safinatu Buhari nee Yusuf''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba,a shekara ta alif 1952 – ta rasu 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006) malamar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma uwargidan shugaban kasar Najeriya daga shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekara ta 1985. Ita ce matar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ta farko .
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi anhaifi safinatu Buhari ne a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1952,ya ce ga Alhaji Yusufu Mani da Hajiya Hadizatu Mani a [[Jos|garin Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uIMAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ajoke+muhammed%22|title=NewAfrican Life|date=1990|publisher=IC Publications|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar kabilar Fulani ta Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta fito daga karamar hukumar Mani a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] . Ta yi makarantar firamare ta [[Jos|Tudun Wada]] . Iyalin ta sun koma jihar Legas ne a lokacin da kwamishinan al’amuran Legas na lokacin, [[Musa Yar'Adua|Musa ‘Yar’adua ya]] nada mahaifinta a matsayin sakatarensa na sirri..<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Thandiubani|last2=Thandiubani|date=2016-10-17|title=The Thrilling Story About Safinatu, President Buhari's First Wife (Photo)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/43178/the-thrilling-story-about-safinatu-president-buhar.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Tori.ng}}</ref>
Ta shiga makarantar horas da malamai ta mata da ke Katsina, ta kuma sami shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 1971. Ta kware a ilimin Islamiyya, kuma an yi mata wasiƙu da Ingilishi da Larabci.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Makori|first=Edwin Kwach|date=2020-11-05|title=Safinatu Buhari biography: Who was Muhammadu Buhari's first wife?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1374455-safinatu-buhari-biography-who-muhammadu-buharis-wife.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref>
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
safinatu Ta hadu da Muhammadu Buhari tana da shekaru 14 kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1971 tana da shekaru 18.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf4HipdjkjUC&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Major-General Muhammadu Buhari: Profile|date=1984|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division|language=en}}</ref> Sun haifi ‘ya’ya 5 wato; Zulaihatu (marigayi), Magajiya-Fatima, Hadizatu-Nana, Safinatu Lami da Musa (marigayi). Lokacin da Ibrahim Babangida ya hambarar da gwamnatin Muhammadu Buhari, ta koma Kaduna da ‘ya’yanta.
Salon nata duka na gargajiya ne kuma kadan ne. Ya nuna asalin kabilarta.
Sun rabu a shekarar 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
=== Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ===
Safinatu ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ta bakwai daga ranar 31 ga Disamba 1983 zuwa 27 ga Agusta 1985. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2020-10-02|title=Nigeria's First Ladies|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/02/nigerias-first-ladies/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Iroanusi|first=Sam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJwuAQAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Nigeria's First Ladies: Contributions to Nation-building|date=2006|publisher=Sam Iroanusi|isbn=978-978-2493-89-7|language=en}}</ref>‘Yan Najeriya ba su san ta ba saboda ba ta da ofishi ko ma’aikatanta a barikin Dodan . Ba ta cikin idon jama'a amma ta dauki nauyin karbar bakuncin matan shugaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
== Mutuwa ==
safinatu ta rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2006 sakamakon kamuwa da [[ciwon suga]] yana da shekaru 53.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haifaffun 1952]]
[[Category:Masana Ilimi]]
[[Category:Matan shugabannin ƙasa]]
[[Category:Matan Ministoci]]
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165625
165620
2022-08-12T21:03:20Z
Saudarh2
14842
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
'''Safinatu Buhari nee Yusuf''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba,a shekara ta alif 1952 – ta rasu 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006) malamar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma uwargidan shugaban kasar Najeriya daga shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekara ta 1985. Ita ce matar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ta farko .
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi anhaifi safinatu Buhari ne a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1952,ya ce ga Alhaji Yusufu Mani da Hajiya Hadizatu Mani a [[Jos|garin Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uIMAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ajoke+muhammed%22|title=NewAfrican Life|date=1990|publisher=IC Publications|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar kabilar Fulani ta Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta fito daga karamar hukumar Mani a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] . Ta yi makarantar firamare ta [[Jos|Tudun Wada]] . Iyalin ta sun koma jihar Legas ne a lokacin da kwamishinan al’amuran Legas na lokacin, [[Musa Yar'Adua|Musa ‘Yar’adua ya]] nada mahaifinta a matsayin sakatarensa na sirri..<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Thandiubani|last2=Thandiubani|date=2016-10-17|title=The Thrilling Story About Safinatu, President Buhari's First Wife (Photo)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/43178/the-thrilling-story-about-safinatu-president-buhar.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Tori.ng}}</ref>
Ta shiga makarantar horas da malamai ta mata da ke Katsina, ta kuma sami shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 1971. Ta kware a ilimin Islamiyya, kuma an yi mata wasiƙu da Ingilishi da Larabci.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Makori|first=Edwin Kwach|date=2020-11-05|title=Safinatu Buhari biography: Who was Muhammadu Buhari's first wife?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1374455-safinatu-buhari-biography-who-muhammadu-buharis-wife.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref>
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
safinatu Ta hadu da Muhammadu Buhari tana da shekaru 14 kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1971 tana da shekaru 18.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf4HipdjkjUC&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Major-General Muhammadu Buhari: Profile|date=1984|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division|language=en}}</ref> Sun haifi ‘ya’ya 5 wato; Zulaihatu (marigayi), Magajiya-Fatima, Hadizatu-Nana, Safinatu Lami da Musa (marigayi). Lokacin da Ibrahim Babangida ya hambarar da gwamnatin Muhammadu Buhari, ta koma Kaduna da ‘ya’yanta.
Salon nata duka na gargajiya ne kuma kadan ne. Ya nuna asalin kabilarta.
Sun rabu a shekarar 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
=== Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ===
Safinatu ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ta bakwai daga ranar 31 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1983 zuwa 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1985. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2020-10-02|title=Nigeria's First Ladies|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/02/nigerias-first-ladies/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Iroanusi|first=Sam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJwuAQAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Nigeria's First Ladies: Contributions to Nation-building|date=2006|publisher=Sam Iroanusi|isbn=978-978-2493-89-7|language=en}}</ref>‘Yan Najeriya ba su san ta ba saboda ba ta da ofishi ko ma’aikatanta a barikin Dodan . Ba ta cikin idon jama'a amma ta dauki nauyin karbar bakuncin matan shugaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
== Mutuwa ==
safinatu ta rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2006 sakamakon kamuwa da [[ciwon suga]] yana da shekaru 53.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haifaffun 1952]]
[[Category:Masana Ilimi]]
[[Category:Matan shugabannin ƙasa]]
[[Category:Matan Ministoci]]
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165626
165625
2022-08-12T21:04:29Z
Saudarh2
14842
/* Mutuwa */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
'''Safinatu Buhari nee Yusuf''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba,a shekara ta alif 1952 – ta rasu 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006) malamar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma uwargidan shugaban kasar Najeriya daga shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekara ta 1985. Ita ce matar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ta farko .
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi anhaifi safinatu Buhari ne a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1952,ya ce ga Alhaji Yusufu Mani da Hajiya Hadizatu Mani a [[Jos|garin Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uIMAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ajoke+muhammed%22|title=NewAfrican Life|date=1990|publisher=IC Publications|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar kabilar Fulani ta Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta fito daga karamar hukumar Mani a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina]] . Ta yi makarantar firamare ta [[Jos|Tudun Wada]] . Iyalin ta sun koma jihar Legas ne a lokacin da kwamishinan al’amuran Legas na lokacin, [[Musa Yar'Adua|Musa ‘Yar’adua ya]] nada mahaifinta a matsayin sakatarensa na sirri..<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Thandiubani|last2=Thandiubani|date=2016-10-17|title=The Thrilling Story About Safinatu, President Buhari's First Wife (Photo)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/43178/the-thrilling-story-about-safinatu-president-buhar.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Tori.ng}}</ref>
Ta shiga makarantar horas da malamai ta mata da ke Katsina, ta kuma sami shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 1971. Ta kware a ilimin Islamiyya, kuma an yi mata wasiƙu da Ingilishi da Larabci.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Makori|first=Edwin Kwach|date=2020-11-05|title=Safinatu Buhari biography: Who was Muhammadu Buhari's first wife?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1374455-safinatu-buhari-biography-who-muhammadu-buharis-wife.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref>
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
safinatu Ta hadu da Muhammadu Buhari tana da shekaru 14 kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1971 tana da shekaru 18.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf4HipdjkjUC&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Major-General Muhammadu Buhari: Profile|date=1984|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division|language=en}}</ref> Sun haifi ‘ya’ya 5 wato; Zulaihatu (marigayi), Magajiya-Fatima, Hadizatu-Nana, Safinatu Lami da Musa (marigayi). Lokacin da Ibrahim Babangida ya hambarar da gwamnatin Muhammadu Buhari, ta koma Kaduna da ‘ya’yanta.
Salon nata duka na gargajiya ne kuma kadan ne. Ya nuna asalin kabilarta.
Sun rabu a shekarar 1988.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
=== Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ===
Safinatu ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Najeriya ta bakwai daga ranar 31 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1983 zuwa 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1985. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2020-10-02|title=Nigeria's First Ladies|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/02/nigerias-first-ladies/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Iroanusi|first=Sam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJwuAQAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Nigeria's First Ladies: Contributions to Nation-building|date=2006|publisher=Sam Iroanusi|isbn=978-978-2493-89-7|language=en}}</ref>‘Yan Najeriya ba su san ta ba saboda ba ta da ofishi ko ma’aikatanta a barikin Dodan . Ba ta cikin idon jama'a amma ta dauki nauyin karbar bakuncin matan shugaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogbuibe|first=Theresa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0e1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Agents of Change: Gender and Development Issues|date=2002|publisher=All Links of Harmony|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Hajo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFW1AAAAIAAJ&q=safinatu+buhari|title=Women and National Development: The Way Forward|date=2001|publisher=Spectrum Books|isbn=978-978-029-282-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mama|first=Amina|date=1995|title=Feminism or Femocracy? State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43657968|journal=Africa Development / Afrique et Développement|volume=20|issue=1|pages=37–58|jstor=43657968|issn=0850-3907}}</ref>
== Mutuwa ==
safinatu ta rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2006 sakamakon kamuwa da [[ciwon suga]] tana da shekaru 53.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haifaffun 1952]]
[[Category:Masana Ilimi]]
[[Category:Matan shugabannin ƙasa]]
[[Category:Matan Ministoci]]
h1xol3dp0wsfzk1xui2g2dy1204oobv
Claire Edun
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16044
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2022-08-13T07:21:46Z
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/* Filmography */
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'''Claire Edun''', '''wacce''' aka fi sani da '''Oyinbo Princess''', ‘ yar fim din Nollywood ce haifaffiyar Burtaniya wacce aka fi sani da iya Turanci a Pidgin na Najeriya ; wanda daga karshe ya sanya ta zama jagora a fim din ''(ATM) Ingantaccen Auren Tentative'', fim din fasali na 2016 wanda Lancelot Imasuen ya jagoranta.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-36262236/the-english-actress-who-is-a-nigerian-film-star-in-nollywood</ref>
== Rayuwa da aiki ==
Edun haifaffen iyayen Burtaniya ne kuma tayi karatun ta a [[Birtaniya|kasar Ingila]] . Lokacin da ta bar Girka inda take aiki a baya, ta sami aiki a matsayin mai karɓar baƙi a kamfanin jirgin sama na [[British Airways]] wanda a ƙarshe ya ƙare ƙaunarta ga Afirka da Najeriya musamman. Ta tashi tsaye ne a shekarar 2015 bayan da ta saka bidiyon kanta a Facebook tana magana da Ingilishi mai kyau wanda Lancelot Imasuen ya gani daga baya kuma daga baya ya ba ta rawa a fim din ''(ATM) Sahihin Auren Tentative'', inda ta taka rawar na wata 'yar kasar Ingila da ta zo Najeriya don auren wani dan Najeriya da ke son zama a Burtaniya.
== Film==
* ''(ATM) Auren Tantacce Na Gaskiya'' (2016)
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Mata]]
[[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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'''Claire Edun''' wacce aka fi sani da '''Oyinbo Princess''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1985). `yar fim din Nollywood ce haifaffiyar Burtaniya wacce aka fi sani da iya Turanci a Pidgin na Najeriya ; wanda daga karshe ya sanya ta zama jagora a fim din ''(ATM) Ingantaccen Auren Tentative'', fim din fasali na 2016 wanda Lancelot Imasuen ya jagoranta.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-36262236/the-english-actress-who-is-a-nigerian-film-star-in-nollywood</ref>
== Rayuwa da aiki ==
Edun haifaffen iyayen Burtaniya ne kuma tayi karatun ta a [[Birtaniya|kasar Ingila]] . Lokacin da ta bar Girka inda take aiki a baya, ta sami aiki a matsayin mai karɓar baƙi a kamfanin jirgin sama na [[British Airways]] wanda a ƙarshe ya ƙare ƙaunarta ga Afirka da Najeriya musamman. Ta tashi tsaye ne a shekarar 2015 bayan da ta saka bidiyon kanta a Facebook tana magana da Ingilishi mai kyau wanda Lancelot Imasuen ya gani daga baya kuma daga baya ya ba ta rawa a fim din ''(ATM) Sahihin Auren Tentative'', inda ta taka rawar na wata 'yar kasar Ingila da ta zo Najeriya don auren wani dan Najeriya da ke son zama a Burtaniya.
== Film==
* ''(ATM) Auren Tantacce Na Gaskiya'' (2016)
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Mata]]
[[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
cg3jfiwp4c8w4jfwtmd23umbffymq28
Cécile Bayiha
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'''Cécile Bayiha '''' yar fim ce daga [[Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. An fi saninta da rawar da ta taka a Pygmy Likola da aka kame a cikin fim din 2005 na [[Faransa|Franco]] - [[Birtaniya|British]] - [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ''Man to Man'', inda aka kamo da Pigmies biyu da a jama'ar Birtaniyya na karni na 19. Bayiha ba Pigmies ba ce kanta, amma yar gajera ce ko "gwargwado mai dacewa".<ref>[http://www.ina.fr/ardisson/tout-le-monde-en-parle/video/I09189227/interview-regis-wargnier-lomama-boseki-et-cecile-bayhia-pour-le-film-man-to-man.fr.html Cécile Bayiha] on ''[[Tout le monde en parle (French talk show)|Tout le monde en parle]]'', ''[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel]]''</ref>
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
== Haɗin waje ==
* Cécile Bayiha on IMDb
7y1kovjayla19igfa253dmampw3roln
Cynthia Butare
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{{databox}}
'''Cynthia Butare,''' itace yar wasan fim din kasar [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] - Swiss filmmaker kazalika da videographer. An san ta da kyau a matsayin darektan yabo sosai game da fim din ''Kickin 'Yana Tare da Kinks''.
== Rayuwarta ==
An haifeta a Geneva, Switzerland. Ta zauna a Geneva har zuwa ƙarshen makarantarta na sakandare sannan ta koma Burtaniya don karatu mai zurfi.
== Ayyuka ==
Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Media Media da Sadarwa sannan daga baya ta kammala karatun Digiri na biyu a fannin Documentary Practice a Jami'ar Metropolitan ta Manchester . A cikin 2011, ta yi gajeren ''Kickin 'Yana Tare da Kinks'' don aikin jami'a. Fim ɗin yana karɓar kyauta don mafi kyawun shirin a sashenta. Daga baya a cikin 2016, Cynthia tare da kawarta Mundia, sun yanke shawarar samar da fim mai tsawo. Fim ɗin ya sami yabo sosai kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fim na duniya da yawa. A cikin wannan shekarar, ta kafa kamfani nata, 'CB Production'.
Yayinda take matashiya, ta fara yin rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo a shekarar 2003. Kodayake ta daina yin rubutun ra'ayin kanta a yanar gizo bayan shekara uku, ta sake yin rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo a 2012. A cikin 2013, Butare ya sami Kyauta don Mafi kyawun Blog na Shekara ta BEFFTA. Koyaya, sannan ta koma Ruwanda a shekarar 2014. Yayin da take Ruwanda, ta yi fim na biyu mai suna ''Ishimwa: Daga Zubar da jini Zuwa Alheri'' . An nuna ta a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin finafinan Rwanda . A yanzu haka tana aikin wani aiki mai suna ''The Return'' .
== Fina-finai ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Shekara
! Fim
! Matsayi
! Nau'i
! Ref.
|-
| 2013
| ''Hawaye & Jini Bayan Yin A China''
| Mai daukar hoto
| Takardar shirin fim
|
|-
| 2016
| ''Kickin 'Yana Tare da Kinks''
| Darakta
| Takaddun fim
|
|-
| 2019
| ''Ishimwa: Daga Zubar da jini zuwa Alheri''
| Darakta
| Takaddun fim
|
|}
== Haɗin waje ==
* Cynthia Butare
* [https://www.104.fr/fiche-evenement/rokhaya-diallo-rokmyworld-kiwtk.html KICKIN 'SHI DA KIRKUNAN, DE CYNTHIA BUTARE: une soirée proposée par Rokhaya Diallo]
* [https://medium.com/@cynthiabutare Cynthia Butare]
==Manazarta==
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Suratul Maryam
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Abubakar Kabir081
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'''Suratul Maryam''' ({{Lang-ar|مريم}}, {{Transl|ar|Maryam}} ; Larabci ma'anar "Maryama") ita ce surah ta goma sha tara (19)(''[[Surah|sūrah]]'') Acikin Al-[[Al Kur'ani|Qur'ani mai girma]] ayoyinta 98 (''āyāt''). Dukkanin surori 114 na cikin Al-Qur'ani an tsara sune daidai da tsarin da aka bi tun lokacin Khalifa Usman. An sanyawa ita wannan surah ta Al-Qur'ani mai girma suna Maryam ne saboda a cikinta an bada labarin Maryamu, mahaifiyar Annabi Isah (Yesu) alaihis salam. A cikinta an ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru kafin haihuwar Yesu, batun da ke cikin Luka 1 na Baibul ɗin Kirista. Ayoyin cikin surar sun yi bada labaran sanannun [[Annabawa a Musulunci|annabawa]] da yawa, wanda suka haɗa da [[Ishaaq|Ishaku]], Yakubu, [[Musa]], Haruna, Isma'il, Idris, [[Adam]], da [[Nuhu]].
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Qur'an]]
[[Category:Kur'ani]]
[[Category:Musulunci]]
[[Category:Musulmai]]
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Cristian Cásseres Jr.
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{{Infobox football biography|name=Cristian Cásseres Jr.|nationalgoals1=1|years3=2018–2019|clubs3=[[New York Red Bulls II]]|caps3=28|goals3=3|nationalyears1=2016–2017|nationalteam1=[[Venezuela national under-17 football team|Venezuela U17]]|nationalcaps1=7|nationalyears2=2017–|caps2=49|nationalteam2=[[Venezuela national under-20 football team|Venezuela U20]]|nationalcaps2=14|nationalgoals2=0|nationalyears3=2020–|nationalteam3=[[Venezuela national football team|Venezuela]]|nationalcaps3=4|nationalgoals3=0|pcupdate=22:05, 11 May 2021 (UTC).|goals2=7|clubs2=[[New York Red Bulls]]|image=CINvNY 2019-05-25 - Cristian Cásseres Jr. (47962724978) (cropped).jpg|currentclub=[[New York Red Bulls]] <!--You don't need to change team to RBII. These are continuous loans where he can be recalled throughout the season-->|image_size=|caption=Cásseres Jr. with the New York Red Bulls in 2019|fullname=Cristian Sleiker Cásseres Yepes|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|2000|1|20}}|birth_place=[[Caracas]], Venezuela|height_ft=5|height_in=9|position=[[Midfielder]]|clubnumber=23|years2=2018–|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Atlético Venezuela]]|youthyears2=2015–2016|youthclubs2=[[Deportivo La Guaira]]|years1=2016–2017|clubs1=[[Deportivo La Guaira]]|caps1=15|goals1=1|ntupdate=03:50, 21 November 2020 (UTC).}}
'''Cristian Sleiker Cásseres Yepes''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Janairun, 2000) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] Venezuela wanda ke taka rawa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na New York Red Bulls na Major League Soccer da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Venezuela.
== Ayyuka ==
=== Da wuri ===
An haife shi a [[Karakas|Caracas]], Venezuela, Cásseres ya fara aikinsa a cikin samari na Atlético Venezuela yana wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Bayan ya bar Atlético ya shiga sahun matasa na Deportivo La Guaira kuma an canza shi zuwa dan wasan tsakiya. A ranar 27 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2016, ya ci kwallaye hudu a kungiyar ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na Deportivo a wasan da suka tashi da ci 4-2 akan tsohuwar kungiyarsa Atlético Venezuela .
=== Deportivo La Guaira ===
A ranar 9 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 2016, Cásseres Jr. ya fara buga wa La Guaria wasa yana da shekara 16 a wasan Primera División na Venezuela da Atlético Venezuela, inda ya buga minti 33 a zane 3-3. A lokacin kakar 2017 Cásseres ya zama tsararre a cikin farkon farawa na La Guaria saboda kyakkyawan wasan sa. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2017, Cásseres ya ci kwallon sa ta farko a matsayin kwararre a wasan da suka doke Zulia FC da ci 3-1.
=== New York Red Bulls ===
A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu 2018 an sanar da cewa Cásseres Jr. ya sanya hannu tare da New York Red Bulls a cikin Major League Soccer . An bayar da rancen Cásseres Jr. ga kamfanin haɗin gwiwa na New York Red Bulls II a lokacin Maris 2018. A ranar 17 ga Maris Maris 2018 ya fara bayyanarsa ta farko don Red Bulls II, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa na biyu a nasarar da suka samu akan Toronto FC II a wasan da suka tashi daci biyu da daya. A ranar 9 ga Yuni 2018 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a New York, inda ya ci kwallo a bugun fanareti don taimaka wa kungiyarsa samun nasarar 4-2 a kan Charlotte Independence .
A ranar 29 ga watan Agusta 2018, Cásseres Jr. ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar farko, inda ya fito a matsayin mai farawa don New York Red Bulls a wasan da aka doke 0-0 a kan Houston Dynamo . A ranar 6 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Cásseres Jr. ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a New York a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 ga Minnesota United . A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, Cásseres Jr. an bashi sunan dan wasan kare kai na New York Red Bulls na Shekara na 2019.
== Na duniya ==
Cásseres Jr. ya buga wasanni akai-akai don ƙungiyar U-17 ta kasarsa, yana wasa a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Kudancin Amurka ta Underasashe 17 ta 2017 .
A watan Afrilu shekarar 2017, an gayyaci Cásseres Jr zuwa horo tare da kungiyar ' yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Venezuela a shirye-shiryen gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U-20 na 2017 .
Ya fara buga wa kasarshi wasa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba shekarar 2020 a wasan neman cancantar zuwa gasar Kofin Duniya da Colombia .
== Rayuwar mutum ==
Cásseres was born into a football family: his father Cristian Cásseres represented the Venezuela national team 28 times, scoring two goals, and also played for Atlético Venezuela's first team while Cristian Jr. played for the U14 team.
== Kididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|21 November 2020}}<ref>{{Soccerway|cristian-sleiker-casseres-yepes/465416}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" |Club performance
! colspan="2" |League
! colspan="2" |Domestic Cup
! colspan="2" |League Cup
! colspan="2" |Continental
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Club
! colspan="2" |Season
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan="2" |Deportivo La Guaira
| colspan="2" |2016
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
| colspan="2" |2017
|13
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|13
|1
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!15
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!15
!1
|-
| rowspan="4" |New York Red Bulls
| colspan="2" |2018
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|-
| colspan="2" |2019
|23
|3
|1
|1
|1
|0
|0
|0
|25
|4
|-
| colspan="2" |2020
|19
|2
|0
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|20
|2
|-
| colspan="2" |2021
|3
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|2
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!48
!7
!1
!1
!2
!0
!0
!0
!51
!8
|-
| rowspan="2" |New York Red Bulls II (loan)
| colspan="2" |2018
|26
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|26
|3
|-
| colspan="2" |2019
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!28
!3
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!28
!3
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!91
!11
!1
!1
!2
!0
!0
!0
!94
!12
|}
== Daraja ==
'''New York Red Bulls'''
* Garkuwan Magoya bayan MLS (1): 2018
== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==
* {{Soccerway|cristian-sleiker-casseres-yepes/465416}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171129151454/http://www.deportivolaguaira.com.ve/cristian-casseres-2/ Bayani akan deportivolaguaira.com.ve]
==Manazarta==
rb31ei8l8g00g495z4c0hozeb25dq4i
165748
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12586
gyara
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{{Infobox football biography|name=Cristian Cásseres Jr.|nationalgoals1=1|years3=2018–2019|clubs3=[[New York Red Bulls II]]|caps3=28|goals3=3|nationalyears1=2016–2017|nationalteam1=[[Venezuela national under-17 football team|Venezuela U17]]|nationalcaps1=7|nationalyears2=2017–|caps2=49|nationalteam2=[[Venezuela national under-20 football team|Venezuela U20]]|nationalcaps2=14|nationalgoals2=0|nationalyears3=2020–|nationalteam3=[[Venezuela national football team|Venezuela]]|nationalcaps3=4|nationalgoals3=0|pcupdate=22:05, 11 May 2021 (UTC).|goals2=7|clubs2=[[New York Red Bulls]]|image=CINvNY 2019-05-25 - Cristian Cásseres Jr. (47962724978) (cropped).jpg|currentclub=[[New York Red Bulls]] <!--You don't need to change team to RBII. These are continuous loans where he can be recalled throughout the season-->|image_size=|caption=Cásseres Jr. with the New York Red Bulls in 2019|fullname=Cristian Sleiker Cásseres Yepes|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|2000|1|20}}|birth_place=[[Caracas]], Venezuela|height_ft=5|height_in=9|position=[[Midfielder]]|clubnumber=23|years2=2018–|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Atlético Venezuela]]|youthyears2=2015–2016|youthclubs2=[[Deportivo La Guaira]]|years1=2016–2017|clubs1=[[Deportivo La Guaira]]|caps1=15|goals1=1|ntupdate=03:50, 21 November 2020 (UTC).}}
'''Cristian Sleiker Cásseres Yepes''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Janairun, 2000) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] Venezuela wanda ke taka rawa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na New York Red Bulls na Major League Soccer da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Venezuela.
==Farkon rayuwa==
An haife shi a [[Karakas|Caracas]], Venezuela, Cásseres. Ya fito ne daga cikin iyalin kwallo domin kuwa mahaifinshi '''Cristian Cásseres''' ya wakilci kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa wato (Venezuela national team) sau 28, inda ya jefa mata kwallo 2, bayaga haka kuma ya taka leda ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta '''Atlético Venezuela's first team''' a lokacin da shi Cristian Jr yake wasa ga kungiyar kwallon ta yan kasa da shekaru 14 (U14).
==Soma kwallo==
Ya fara aikinsa a cikin samari na Atlético Venezuela yana wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Bayan ya bar Atlético ya shiga sahun matasa na Deportivo La Guaira kuma an canza shi zuwa dan wasan tsakiya. A ranar 27 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2016, ya ci kwallaye hudu a kungiyar ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na Deportivo a wasan da suka tashi da ci 4-2 akan tsohuwar kungiyarsa Atlético Venezuela .
=== Deportivo La Guaira ===
A ranar 9 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 2016, Cásseres Jr. ya fara buga wa La Guaria wasa yana da shekara 16 a wasan Primera División na Venezuela da Atlético Venezuela, inda ya buga minti 33 a zane 3-3. A lokacin kakar 2017 Cásseres ya zama tsararre a cikin farkon farawa na La Guaria saboda kyakkyawan wasan sa. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2017, Cásseres ya ci kwallon sa ta farko a matsayin kwararre a wasan da suka doke Zulia FC da ci 3-1.
=== New York Red Bulls ===
A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu 2018 an sanar da cewa Cásseres Jr. ya sanya hannu tare da New York Red Bulls a cikin Major League Soccer . An bayar da rancen Cásseres Jr. ga kamfanin haɗin gwiwa na New York Red Bulls II a lokacin Maris 2018. A ranar 17 ga Maris Maris 2018 ya fara bayyanarsa ta farko don Red Bulls II, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa na biyu a nasarar da suka samu akan Toronto FC II a wasan da suka tashi daci biyu da daya. A ranar 9 ga Yuni 2018 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a New York, inda ya ci kwallo a bugun fanareti don taimaka wa kungiyarsa samun nasarar 4-2 a kan Charlotte Independence .
A ranar 29 ga watan Agusta 2018, Cásseres Jr. ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar farko, inda ya fito a matsayin mai farawa don New York Red Bulls a wasan da aka doke 0-0 a kan Houston Dynamo . A ranar 6 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Cásseres Jr. ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a New York a cikin rashin nasara 2-1 ga Minnesota United . A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, Cásseres Jr. an bashi sunan dan wasan kare kai na New York Red Bulls na Shekara na 2019.
== Na duniya ==
Cásseres Jr. ya buga wasanni akai-akai don ƙungiyar U-17 ta kasarsa, yana wasa a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Kudancin Amurka ta Underasashe 17 ta 2017 .
A watan Afrilu shekarar 2017, an gayyaci Cásseres Jr zuwa horo tare da kungiyar ' yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Venezuela a shirye-shiryen gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U-20 na 2017 .
Ya fara buga wa kasarshi wasa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba shekarar 2020 a wasan neman cancantar zuwa gasar Kofin Duniya da Colombia .
== Kididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|21 November 2020}}<ref>{{Soccerway|cristian-sleiker-casseres-yepes/465416}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" |Club performance
! colspan="2" |League
! colspan="2" |Domestic Cup
! colspan="2" |League Cup
! colspan="2" |Continental
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Club
! colspan="2" |Season
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan="2" |Deportivo La Guaira
| colspan="2" |2016
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
| colspan="2" |2017
|13
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|13
|1
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!15
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!15
!1
|-
| rowspan="4" |New York Red Bulls
| colspan="2" |2018
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|-
| colspan="2" |2019
|23
|3
|1
|1
|1
|0
|0
|0
|25
|4
|-
| colspan="2" |2020
|19
|2
|0
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|20
|2
|-
| colspan="2" |2021
|3
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|2
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!48
!7
!1
!1
!2
!0
!0
!0
!51
!8
|-
| rowspan="2" |New York Red Bulls II (loan)
| colspan="2" |2018
|26
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|26
|3
|-
| colspan="2" |2019
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!28
!3
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!28
!3
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!91
!11
!1
!1
!2
!0
!0
!0
!94
!12
|}
== Daraja ==
'''New York Red Bulls'''
* Garkuwan Magoya bayan MLS (1): 2018
== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==
* {{Soccerway|cristian-sleiker-casseres-yepes/465416}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171129151454/http://www.deportivolaguaira.com.ve/cristian-casseres-2/ Bayani akan deportivolaguaira.com.ve]
==Manazarta==
d6b9h6d8hvkp1vtlr4w6syp5txk2iyj
Wikipedia:Sabbin editoci
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Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci
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Cin hanci
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/* Yaɗuwar cin hanci */
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[[File:Corruption-Nouakchott.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Anti-Corruption Rally in Moscow (2017-03-26) 3.jpg|thumb|yan sanda masu yaki DA cin hanci]]
[[File:State resources, corruption and the police.jpg|thumb|yatara bera naci]]
'''Cin Hanci''' ko '''Rashawa''' shine abin da ake bawa wani mai mulki ko ma'aikaci ko kuma wani mutum imma [[kuɗi]] ko abin da ya yi kama da kuɗin dan a danne haki ko tozarta wani ko yin abin da bai cancantaba. kamar yanda ake bawa yan sanda/costom ds cin hanci.
==Yaɗuwar cin hanci==
Cin hanci yazamo ruwan dare game duniya ga mutane ya shiga ko Ina kamar ''hantsi leka gidan kowa'' domin kuwa ya leka gidan kowa Ga mutane da yawa, bayar da hanci ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi ta kauce wa fitina ko kuma samun biyan buƙata, sai dai fa na takaitaccen lokaci ne. Cin hancin sunmishi suna dayawa kamar a kasar najeriya kusan kowane Yare da yanda suke kiranshi misali,
# [[Hausawa]] = na goro
# [[Yarbawa]] = Egunje
# Yan Lagos = kola, palm greetings, 10℅, KO kick back ds-ds.
==Illar cin hanci==
Wannan kan durƙusar da tsarin zamantakewa da tattalin arziƙin ƙasashe. Wannan salsala, na nuna cewa ko da shike bankaɗo almundahana na da hatsari abu ne mai yiwuwa. Masu sauraro zasu koyi cewa cin hanci da rashawa na tattare da illoli da yawa, kana kuma su koyi yadda zasu iya cimma bururrukansu ba tare da sun yada mutuncinsu ba.
''Tambaya anan itace menene dalilan dake jawo cin hanci darashawa.''
Na daga ciki shine fita daga dabi'u da tsoho da tsarinda iyaye da kakanni suka barmu akai.Ada can kowani irin yarene kokabina Kai kanada dabi'u daka gada daga magabatanka masu kyau, kuma dole a tabbatar da cewa na halas ne amma a yau ba'adamuba Sam kotaya sukazo wannan yana daga cikin abunda yasa mutum zai ci hanci don ya wadatar da kansa kotaya.<ref>https://whistleblowersblog.org/subscribe/gclid=EAIaIQobChMIuuvniM3u8QIVkcx3Ch3yqgEAEAAYASAAEgIRifD_BwE</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_corruption</ref><ref>https://aminiya.dailytrust.com/yaki-da-cin-hanci-da-rashawa-a-najeriya-nazari-a-mahangar-musulunci-2-2</ref><ref>nigerian economy and politics.</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/topics/ckdxnk064zwt</ref>.
==Manazarta==
fjl8xhqj3s1q2zasfz73sm7e8fgw97q
Filin shakatawa na Virunga
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([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Parc National des Virunga, Nord-Kivu, RD Congo, 09 janvier 2015 - Vue partielle d’une chaîne de montagnes, avec un cours d’eau qui dévale la vallée en cascades avant de se jeter dans le lac Edouard. (16305870242).jpg]] → [[File:Virunga National Park - Lake Edward January 2015.jpg]] Move to more concise name
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{{databox}}
'''Filin shakatawa na Virunga''' shi ne wurin shakatawa na kasa a cikin kwarin Rbert na Albertine a gabashin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. An ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1925 kuma yana cikin farkon yankunan kariya a Afirka.<ref name="Mubalama2004">{{cite journal|author1=Mubalama, L.|author2=Mushenzi, N.|name-list-style=amp|year=2004|title=Monitoring law enforcement and illegal activities in the northern sector of the Parc National des Virunga, Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Pachyderm|issue=36|pages=16–29}}</ref> A cikin tsawa, ya fara daga 680 m (2,230 ft) a kwarin Semliki zuwa 5,109 m (16,762 ft) a tsaunukan Rwenzori. Daga arewa zuwa kudu ya fadada kimanin kilomita 300 (mil mi 190), galibi kan iyakokin duniya da Uganda da Rwanda a gabas.<ref name="Crawford2008">{{cite book|author1=Crawford, A.|author2=Bernstein, J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=MEAs, Conservation and Conflict – A case study of Virunga National Park, DRC|publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development|location=Geneva}}</ref> Ya mamaye yanki na 8,090 km2 (3,120 sq mi).
Akwai duwatsu masu aiki da duwatsu biyu a cikin wurin shakatawa, [[Dutsen Nyiragongo]] da [[Nyamuragira]].<ref name="Tedesco2002">{{cite journal|author=Tedesco, D.|year=2002|title=1995 Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira activity in the Virunga National Park: A volcanic crisis|journal=Acta Vulcanologica|volume=14|issue=1/2|pages=149–155}}</ref> Sun fasalta fasalin mahalli da namun daji da yawa. Fiye da nau'ikan faunal da na fure guda dubu 3 aka rubuta, wanda sama da 300 suna da alaƙa da Albertine Rift gami da gabashin gorilla (''Gorilla beringei'') da biri na zinariya (''Cercopithecus kandti'').<ref name="Plumptre_al2007">{{cite journal|author1=Plumptre, A. J.|author11=Peterhans, J. K.|pages=178–194|issue=2|volume=134|journal=Biological Conservation|title=The biodiversity of the Albertine Rift|year=2007|name-list-style=amp|author10=Herremans, M.|author2=Davenport, T. R.|author9=Kahindo, C.|author8=Meirte, D.|author7=Ewango, C.|author6=Ssegawa, P.|author5=Eilu, G.|author4=Kityo, R.|author3=Behangana, M.|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2006.08.021}}</ref>
A shekara ta 1979, an sanya gandun dajin a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na UNESCO saboda yawan wadatattun wuraren zama, kebantattun nau'o'in halittu da endemism, da kuma kariya daga mazaunin gorilla mai tsafta.<ref name="unesco">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/63|title=Virunga National Park|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization}}</ref> An sanya shi a cikin Lissafin al'adun duniya a cikin Haɗari tun daga 1994 saboda rikice-rikicen jama'a da ƙaruwar kasancewar ɗan adam a yankin.<ref name="Debonnet2004">{{cite journal|author1=Debonnet, G.|author2=Hillman-Smith, K.|name-list-style=amp|year=2004|title=Supporting protected areas in a time of political turmoil: the case of World Heritage Sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Parks|volume=14|issue=1|pages=9–16}}</ref>
An samu munanan hare-hare da dama daga kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye, kuma an kashe masu gadin wurin da yawa.<ref name="NGN2018">{{cite news|author=Actman, J.|title=Virunga National Park Sees Its Worst Violence in a Decade, Director Says|date=2018|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/06/wildlife-watch-virunga-rangers-deaths-poaching-militia-gorillas/|work=National Geographic News|access-date=27 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=2020|title=Twelve rangers killed in latest Virunga Park incident|url=https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/twelve-rangers-killed-in-latest-virunga-park-incident/|access-date=27 April 2020|work=Mongabay Environmental News}}</ref>
== Tarihi ==
A farkon 1920s, da yawa daga masu goyon bayan kungiyar kiyayewa ta Turai sun goyi bayan shawarar kirkirar wani yanki mai kariya a arewa maso gabashin Kongo ta Kongo, daga cikinsu akwai Victor van Straelen, Jean Massart da Jean-Marie Derscheid. Lokacin da aka kafa Filin shakatawa na Albert a watan Afrilu 1925 a matsayin filin shakatawa na farko a Afirka, an dauke shi a matsayin wurin da ya dace da kimiya da nufin yin nazari da kiyaye namun daji da kuma abin da ake kira da 'dadadden' mafarautan masu tara Afirka. A cikin 1926, Derscheid ya jagoranci aikin farko na Belgium zuwa zane-zane na Filin shakatawa na Albert, wanda ya kewaye yanki na 500 km2 (190 sq mi) a kusa da tsaunukan Dutsen Karisimbi da Dutsen Mikeno. Yankin da aka kiyaye ya faɗaɗa a cikin 1929 ta Filin shakatawa na Virunga, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Tsaunukan Virunga|tsaunukan Virunga,]] ɓangarorin yankin Rutshuru da filayen kudu na tafkin Edward. Girman sa na farko na 2,920.98 km2 (1,127.80 sq mi) an fadada shi mataki zuwa mataki a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.<ref name="Harroy1993">{{cite journal|author=Harroy, J.P.|year=1993|title=Contribution à l'histoire jusque 1934 de la création de l'Institut des parcs nationaux du Congo belge|journal=Civilisations. Revue internationale d'anthropologie et de sciences humaines|volume=41|issue=41|pages=427–442|doi=10.4000/civilisations.1732|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Bashonga2012">{{cite book|author=Bashonga, M. G.|year=2012|title=Etude socio-économique et culturelle, attitude et perceptions des communautés Twa pygmées autour du secteur Mikeno du Parc National des Virunga|publisher=Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature|location=Goma}}</ref><ref name="DeBont2015">{{cite journal|author=De Bont, R.|year=2015|title="Primitives" and Protected Areas: International Conservation and the "Naturalization" of Indigenous People, ca. 1910-1975|journal=Journal of the History of Ideas|volume=76|issue=2|pages=215–236|doi=10.1353/jhi.2015.0014|pmid=25937035|s2cid=34459737}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|authors=De Bont, R.|year=2017|title=A World Laboratory: Framing the Albert National Park|journal=Environmental History|volume=22|issue=3|pages=404–432|doi=10.1093/envhis/emx020}}</ref> 'Yan asalin ƙasar sun rasa haƙƙin mallakar ƙasa na gargajiya a cikin wannan aikin, kuma an kore su daga yankin da aka kiyaye.<ref name="DeBont2015" /><ref name="Inogwabini">{{cite journal|author=Inogwabini, B.I.|year=2014|title=Conserving biodiversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a brief history, current trends and insights for the future|journal=Parks|volume=20|issue=2|pages=101−110|doi=10.2305/iucn.ch.2014.parks-20-2.bi.en|doi-access=free}}</ref> Tsakanin ƙarshen 1930s da 1955, an tura kimanin mutane Rwandophone 85,000 zuwa Masisi da ke kusa da Arewacin Kivu.<ref name="Stephen2007">{{cite journal|author=Stephen J.|year=2007|title=Of "Doubtful Nationality": Political Manipulation of Citizenship in the D. R. Congo|journal=Citizenship Studies|volume=11|issue=5|pages=481–500|doi=10.1080/13621020701605792|s2cid=144902646}}</ref>
A cikin 1934, an kafa ''Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge'' a matsayin hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a Kongo ta Beljiyam.<ref name="Harroy1993">{{cite journal|author=Harroy, J.P.|year=1993|title=Contribution à l'histoire jusque 1934 de la création de l'Institut des parcs nationaux du Congo belge|journal=Civilisations. Revue internationale d'anthropologie et de sciences humaines|volume=41|issue=41|pages=427–442|doi=10.4000/civilisations.1732|doi-access=free}}</ref> Tsakanin farkon shekarun 1930s da 1961, masana kimiyya ne na ƙasar Belgium sun gudanar da balaguro da yawa zuwa Albert National Park, na biyu wanda Gaston-François de Witte ya jagoranta. Sun yi karatu kuma sun tattara samfurin dabbobin daji na ''Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique'';<ref>{{cite book|author=Schouteden, H.|author-link=Henri Schouteden|year=1938|title=Exploration du Parc National Albert: Oiseaux|location=Bruxelles|publisher=Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge|url=http://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/institut-des-parcs-nationaux-du-congo/exploration-du-parc-national-albert-exploratie-van-het-nationaal-albert-park-mission-zending-g-f-de-witte-1933-1935/9-1938-mission-zending-g-f-de-witte-1933-1935/irscnb_p4137_00f8d8p_09_corps-de-texte-red.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Frechkop1943">{{cite book|author=Frechkop, S.|year=1943|title=Exploration du Parc National Albert: Mammifères|location=Bruxelles|publisher=Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge|url=http://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/institut-des-parcs-nationaux-du-congo/exploration-du-parc-national-albert-exploratie-van-het-nationaal-albert-park/1-1943-mission-s-mammiferes/irscnb_s2073_00fc5ax_1-core-red.pdf}}</ref> bincika ƙabilun da ke wannan yankin;<ref name="Schumacher1943">{{cite book|author=Schumacher, P.|title=Die Kivu-Pygmäen und ihre soziale Umwelt im Albert-National Park|year=1943|location=Bruxelles|publisher=Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge|url=http://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/institut-des-parcs-nationaux-du-congo/exploration-du-parc-national-albert-exploratie-van-het-nationaal-albert-park-mission-zending-p-schumacher-1933-1936/1-1943-mission-p-schumacher/irscnb_p4143_rbins19135_1-5-90-red.pdf}}</ref> yayi nazarin ayyukan aman wuta,<ref>{{cite book|author=Verhoogen, J.|year=1948|title=Les éruptions 1938-1940 du volcan Nyamuragira|location=Bruxelles|publisher=Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge|url=http://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/institut-des-parcs-nationaux-du-congo/exploration-du-parc-national-albert-exploratie-van-het-nationaal-albert-park-mission-zending-j-verhoogen-1938-et-1940/1-1948-mission-j-verhoogen-les-eruptions-1938-1940-du-volcan-nyamuragira/irscnb_p4142_rbins19133_1-5-130-part-1-red.pdf}}</ref> da burbushin halittu.<ref>{{cite book|author=de Heinzelin de Braucourt, J.|year=1961|title=Le paléolithique aux abords d'Ishango|location=Bruxelles|publisher=Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge|url=http://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/institut-des-parcs-nationaux-du-congo/exploration-du-parc-national-albert-exploratie-van-het-nationaal-albert-park-mission-zending-j-de-heinzelin-de-braucourt-1950/6-1961-mission-zending-j-de-heinzelin-de-braucourt-1950/irscnb_c23707_009a2cb_6-corps-de-texte-red.pdf}}</ref>
A ƙarshen 1950s, makiyayan Tutsi da shanunsu suka shiga wurin shakatawar, suna lalata mahalli na halitta har zuwa tsawan 3,000 m (9,800 ft), wanda ake tunanin zai iya yi wa gorillas ɗin dajin barazana.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Dart, R.A.|year=1960|title=The urgency of international intervention for the preservation of the mountain gorilla|journal=South African Journal of Science|volume=56|issue=4|pages=85–87|url=https://journals.co.za/content/sajsci/56/4/AJA00382353_8871?crawler=true}}</ref>
An sake fasalin dokokin ƙasa a cikin shekarun 1960 bayan Kongo ta Beljiyam ta sami yancin kai kamar Jamhuriyar Kongo, kuma ƙasar ta bayyana mallakar ƙasa, abin da ya cutar da mutanen yankin sosai. Farauta ba bisa doka ba a cikin yankunan kariya sun ƙaru.<ref name="Inogwabini">{{cite journal|author=Inogwabini, B.I.|year=2014|title=Conserving biodiversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a brief history, current trends and insights for the future|journal=Parks|volume=20|issue=2|pages=101−110|doi=10.2305/iucn.ch.2014.parks-20-2.bi.en|doi-access=free}}</ref> A shekarar 1969, aka hade wuraren shakatawa biyu karkashin sunan Filin shakatawa na Virunga, wanda aka ayyana shi a matsayin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO a shekarar 1979.<ref name="Crawford2008">{{cite book|author1=Crawford, A.|author2=Bernstein, J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=MEAs, Conservation and Conflict – A case study of Virunga National Park, DRC|publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development|location=Geneva}}</ref>
A cikin 1996, an sanya gandun dajin a matsayin rukunin Ramsar mai matukar muhimmanci ga kasashen duniya.<ref name="Crawford2008">{{cite book|author1=Crawford, A.|author2=Bernstein, J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=MEAs, Conservation and Conflict – A case study of Virunga National Park, DRC|publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development|location=Geneva}}</ref>
A shekara ta 2011, an bai wa kamfanin Soco International na Burtaniya wani sassauci na hako ɗanyen mai a kewayensa da kuma manyan sassan filin shakatawa na ƙasar. Jami'an gwamnati sun goyi bayan ayyukan bincike na membobin kungiyar soco na kasa da kasa, yayin da gandun dajin ke adawa. A yayin da ake ci gaba da samun tashin hankali, an kaiwa babban mai gadin wurin, Emmanuel de Mérode, hari a watan Afrilu na 2014.<ref name="Marijnen2018">{{cite journal|author=Marijnen, E.|year=2018|title=Public Authority and Conservation in Areas of Armed Conflict: Virunga National Park as a 'State within a State' in Eastern Congo|journal=Development and Change|volume=49|issue=3|pages=790–814|doi=10.1111/dech.12380}}</ref> Bayan zanga-zangar kasa da kasa, kamfanin ya daina binciko ayyukan kuma ya yarda ya daina fara irin wannan aiki a yankin da wuraren tarihi na Duniya.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Nkongolo, J.K.|year=2015|title=International solidarity and permanent sovereignty over natural resources: antagonism or peaceful coexistence? The case of oil in the Virunga National Park|journal=African Journal of Democracy and Governance|volume=2|issue=3–4|pages=77–98}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Verheyen, E.|year=2016|title=Oil extraction imperils Africa's Great Lakes|journal=Science|volume=354|issue=6312|pages=561–562|doi=10.1126/science.aal1722|pmid=27811261|bibcode=2016Sci...354..561V|hdl=1942/23763|s2cid=13338009|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Hochleithner, S.|year=2017|title=Beyond Contesting Limits: Land, Access, and Resistance at the Virunga National Park|journal=Conservation and Society|volume=15|issue=1|pages=100–110|doi=10.4103/0972-4923.201397|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|authors=Kümpel, N.F., Hatchwell, M., Clausen, A., Some, L., Gibbons, O. and Field, A.|year=2018|chapter=Sustainable development at natural World Heritage sites in Africa|title=World Heritage for Sustainable Development in Africa|editor1=Moukala, E.|editor2=Odiaua, I.|location=Paris|publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|pages=51–61|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327302910}}</ref>
Ya zuwa shekarar 2016, an gina madatsun ruwa masu amfani da wutar lantarki guda hudu wadanda ke samar da wutar lantarki ga kananan kamfanoni kuma wadanda ke amfana da mutanen karkara sama da 200,000.<ref>{{cite book|authors=Odiaua, I. and Moukala, E.|year=2018|chapter=Engaging World Heritage to drive sustainable development in Africa: next steps|editor1=Moukala, E.|editor2=Odiaua, I.|location=Paris|publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|pages=251–277|title=World Heritage for Sustainable Development in Africa|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327302910}}</ref>
=== Rikicin mai ɗauke da makamai ===
Tun farkon 1990s, hargitsin siyasa ya mamaye yankin mai kariya a yankin Manyan Tabkuna na Afirka. Bayan kisan kiyashin Ruwanda, dubban 'yan gudun hijira sun tsere zuwa yankin Kivu, kuma kasancewar sojoji sun karu. Yaƙe-yaƙe na Kongo na Farko da na biyu sun ƙara dagula yankin. Masu sintiri na hana farauta a cikin wurin shakatawar, kuma an kashe ma’aikatan gandun dajin da namun daji.<ref name="Debonnet2004">{{cite journal|author1=Debonnet, G.|author2=Hillman-Smith, K.|name-list-style=amp|year=2004|title=Supporting protected areas in a time of political turmoil: the case of World Heritage Sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Parks|volume=14|issue=1|pages=9–16}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 850,000 ne suka zauna a kewayen gandun dajin na kasar a shekarar 1994. Har zuwa kusan mutane 40,000 ke shiga wurin shakatawar a kowace rana domin neman itacen girki da abinci, kuma sun yi dazuka manyan wurare.<ref name="McNeely2003">{{cite journal|author=McNeely, J.A.|year=2003|title=Conserving forest biodiversity in times of violent conflict|journal=Oryx|volume=37|issue=2|pages=142–152|doi=10.1017/S0030605303000334|doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin 1994, Virunga National Park ya shiga cikin Jerin abubuwan tarihi na Duniya cikin Hadari.<ref name="Debonnet2004" />
Bayan yakin Congo na biyu, an ci gaba da arangama tsakanin ma’aikatan shakatawa da kungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye; An kashe ma'aikatan shakatawa 80 tsakanin 1996 da 2003.<ref name="McNeely2003">{{cite journal|author=McNeely, J.A.|year=2003|title=Conserving forest biodiversity in times of violent conflict|journal=Oryx|volume=37|issue=2|pages=142–152|doi=10.1017/S0030605303000334|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye da dama dauke da makamai suna aiki a wurin shakatawar, ciki har da Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda da National Congress for Defence of People (FDLR).<ref name="Crawford2008">{{cite book|author1=Crawford, A.|author2=Bernstein, J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=MEAs, Conservation and Conflict – A case study of Virunga National Park, DRC|publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development|location=Geneva}}</ref> Latter ya mallaki sashen Mikeno na Gandun dajin na Virunga tsakanin Disamba 2006 da Janairun 2009.<ref name="Refisch2016">{{cite book|authors=Refisch, J. and Jenson, J.|year=2016|chapter=Transboundary collaboration in the Greater Virunga Landscape: From gorilla conservation to conflict-sensitive transboundary landscape management|title=Governance, Natural Resources, and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding|editor1=Bruch, C.|editor2=Muffett, C.|editor3=Nichols, S.S.|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxon, New York|pages=825–841|isbn=978-1136272073|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SP8nDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA825}}</ref>
A shekarar 2005, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai (EC) ta ba da shawarar hadin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu tsakanin gwamnatin kasar da kungiyar Burtaniya da ba ta gwamnati ba da Asusun Kula da Afirka. Organizationungiyar ta ƙarshe tana da alhakin kula da shakatawa tun 2010; kimanin kashi 80% na farashin gudanarwa EC ke tallafawa. Yunkurin kare wurin shakatawa ya kasance mai karfin soja a cikin shekaru masu zuwa don hana kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye masu dauke da makamai da mafarauta aiki daga cikin wurin shakatawar.<ref name="Marijnen2018">{{cite journal|author=Marijnen, E.|year=2018|title=Public Authority and Conservation in Areas of Armed Conflict: Virunga National Park as a 'State within a State' in Eastern Congo|journal=Development and Change|volume=49|issue=3|pages=790–814|doi=10.1111/dech.12380}}</ref> An bai wa ma'aikatan Park horo da kayan aiki masu inganci, kuma suna aiki tare da sojoji da jami'an tsaro na jihar.<ref name="Verweijen2016">{{cite journal|authors=Verweijen, J. and Marijnen, E.|year=2016|title=The counterinsurgency/conservation nexus: guerrilla livelihoods and the dynamics of conflict and violence in the Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo|journal=The Journal of Peasant Studies|volume=45|issue=2|pages=300–320|doi=10.1080/03066150.2016.1203307|s2cid=85555718|url=http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79039/3/counterinsurgency-conservation%20nexus.pdf}}</ref>
Wadannan dabarun, wadanda aka soki a matsayin "sanya karfin soji na kiyayewa", ana zargin sa da kara tashin hankali da fatarar da 'yan asalin yankin ke fuskanta. An tilasta wa al'ummomi, kamar Mbuti, wadanda a baya suka dogara da filayen da aka hada su a wurin shakatawa don abinci da matsuguni, ko kuma fuskantar barazanar kamawa ko kashe su daga masu gadin wurin da ke dauke da makamai.<ref name="ips">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2016/09/militarised-conservation-threatens-drcs-indigenous-people-part-1/|title=Militarised Conservation Threatens DRC’s Indigenous People – Part 1|last=Moloo|first=Zahra|date=14 September 2014|work=Inter Press Service|access-date=4 January 2019}}</ref>
Ana zargin ƙara yawan militan ta'addancin kiyaye muhalli da rura wutar tattara makamai na mayaƙan. Mazauna a cikin gandun dajin, walau 'yan ƙasa ko' yan gudun hijira, sun dogara ga noma, farauta, kamun kifi, sare bishiyoyi da samar da gawayi don rayuwarsu, duk ayyukan da aka hana. Al’umar yankin ba su da inda za su juya don tsaro, kuma sun dogara ne da kariya ga kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai, wadanda ake karbar kudaden daga ayyukan da aka hana. Dangane da rahoton 2010 na Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kashi 80% na gawayin da garin Goma ya cinye an samo shi ne daga wurin shakatawar, wanda ke wakiltar darajar dalar Amurka miliyan 28-30 a shekara. Dukkanin jami'an tsaron Jiha da irin wadannan kungiyoyin suma suna zuwa fashi da makami da kuma satar mutane don samun kudin shiga.<ref name="Verweijen2016">{{cite journal|authors=Verweijen, J. and Marijnen, E.|year=2016|title=The counterinsurgency/conservation nexus: guerrilla livelihoods and the dynamics of conflict and violence in the Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo|journal=The Journal of Peasant Studies|volume=45|issue=2|pages=300–320|doi=10.1080/03066150.2016.1203307|s2cid=85555718|url=http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79039/3/counterinsurgency-conservation%20nexus.pdf}}</ref>
Oƙarin kiyaye muhalli ya sami sakamako masu saɓani, misali lokacin da gonaki suka lalace a cikin Kibirizi, kuma aka tura sojoji da masu gadin wurin yin sintiri, mutane sun yi ƙaura sosai a cikin wurin shakatawar zuwa ƙasar da FDLR ke sarrafawa, inda za su iya yin hayar ƙananan filaye na ƙasar. Al'ummomin yankin sun inganta mummunan ra'ayi game da ma'aikatan gandun daji da sojoji. Rikici ya faru ne a shekarar 2015 lokacin da wata kungiyar Mai-Mai ta yankin Binza (arewacin Bwisha) ta yi yunƙurin dawo da ikon yankin, da nufin sake shigar da ayyukan kamun kifi tare da barin jama'a su koma, inda suka kashe wani mai gadin dajin da sojoji 11-15.<ref name="Verweijen2016">{{cite journal|authors=Verweijen, J. and Marijnen, E.|year=2016|title=The counterinsurgency/conservation nexus: guerrilla livelihoods and the dynamics of conflict and violence in the Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo|journal=The Journal of Peasant Studies|volume=45|issue=2|pages=300–320|doi=10.1080/03066150.2016.1203307|s2cid=85555718|url=http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79039/3/counterinsurgency-conservation%20nexus.pdf}}</ref>
An kashe masu gadi 5 a cikin watan Agustan 2017 a kusa da Lake Edward a wani harin 'yan bindiga. An kashe masu gadi 5 da direba a watan Afrilu 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/weather/2018/apr/09/six-virunga-park-rangers-killed-in-drc-wildlife-sanctuary|title=Six Virunga park rangers killed in DRC wildlife sanctuary|author=Burke, J.|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=2018|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref> Tun daga farkon rikicin, kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai sun kashe masu gadin shakatawa 175 har zuwa watan Afrilun 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://virunga.org/news/in-memoriam-april2018|title=In memoriam: deadliest attack on Virunga staff in Park's recent history brings total ranger deaths to 175|website=Virunga|date=2018|access-date=2018-08-17}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2018, an kashe wani mai gadi a lokacin da yake kare 'yan yawon bude ido biyu da aka sace.<ref name="NGN2018">{{cite news|author=Actman, J.|title=Virunga National Park Sees Its Worst Violence in a Decade, Director Says|date=2018|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/06/wildlife-watch-virunga-rangers-deaths-poaching-militia-gorillas/|work=National Geographic News|access-date=27 April 2020}}</ref> Daga baya aka sake su ba tare da cutarwa ba. Sakamakon haka, wurin shakatawa ya kasance a rufe ga baƙi daga Yuni 2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visitvirunga.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/20180602_Closure-Statement.pdf|title=Virunga Park Closure Statement|date=2018}}</ref> har zuwa Fabrairu 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-park-idUSKCN1Q50FM|title=Congo's Virunga park reopens eight months after deadly ambush|date=2019|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-04-26|author=Prentice, A.}}</ref>
A cikin watan Afrilu na 2020 aƙalla masu gadin shakatawa 12 ne wasu mayaƙa suka kashe wani ayarin fararen hula.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rangers killed in 'deadliest' DR Congo park attack|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-52415798|work=BBC News|access-date=27 April 2020|date=2020}}</ref> Bugu da kari a cikin watan Janairun 2021, wasu mutane dauke da makamai sun kashe akalla masu gadi shida tare da jikkata wasu da dama a wani kwanton bauna a gandun dajin.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-10|title=Six park rangers killed in DR Congo's Virunga gorilla reserve|url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210110-six-park-rangers-killed-in-dr-congo-s-virunga-gorilla-reserve|access-date=2021-01-13|website=France 24|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Six Virunga park rangers killed in eastern Congo ambush|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/11/africa/congo-virunga-park-rangers-killed-intl/index.html|work=CNN|access-date=12 January 2021|date=2021}}</ref>
A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2021 jakadan Italiya a DRC wanda ke tafiya tare da shirin Abincin na Duniya kimanin kilomita 15 daga arewacin Goma, Luca Attanasio, da kuma jami'in 'yan sanda na sojan Italiya Vittorio Iacovacci da direban Kwango Moustapha Milambo, sun mutu a cikin harbe-harben lokacin da wata kungiyar mayaka wacce sun sace ayarin motocinsu, kuma sun kawo su cikin dajin, masu gadin wurin sun gamu da su inda suka yi nasarar 'yantar da mutane hudu.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-02-22|title=Italian ambassador to DR Congo killed in UN convoy attack|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56151600|access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref>
== Labarin kasa ==
{{multiple image|footer=Landscapes in Virunga National Park|perrow=1|align=right|image1=Ruwenzori Mountains Virunga National Park.jpg|caption1=Rwenzori Mountains|image2=Virunga National Park - Lake Edward January 2015.jpg|caption2=Hills around Lake Edward}}
Filin shakatawa na Virunga yana cikin [[Kogin Congo|Congo]] - yankin kogin Nilu. Yankinsa na arewa ya mamaye wani yanki na tafkin Semliki, da kuma savanna da kuma gandun daji na Kyautar Albertine.<ref name="Mubalama2004">{{cite journal|author1=Mubalama, L.|author2=Mushenzi, N.|name-list-style=amp|year=2004|title=Monitoring law enforcement and illegal activities in the northern sector of the Parc National des Virunga, Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Pachyderm|issue=36|pages=16–29}}</ref> A tsayi, wannan sashin ya fito ne daga 680 m (2,230 ft) a kwarin Puemba zuwa mafi ƙwanƙolin Dutsen Stanley a 5,109 m (16,762 ft) a tsakanin kilomita 30 (19 mi). Babban filin shakatawa na ƙasa ya ƙunshi kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na tafkin Edward har zuwa iyakar duniya da Uganda ta gabas. Kunkuntar corridor mai tsawon kilomita 3-5 (1.9-3.1 mi) daga gefen yamma da tabkin ya hada bangarorin arewaci da kudanci na filin shakatawa na kasa. Yankin kudu ya fadada zuwa gabar Tafkin Kivu kuma ya hada da tsaunukan Nyamulagira, Nyiragongo da Mikeno tare da gandun dajin tsaunuka a kan gangarensu.<ref name="Crawford2008">{{cite book|author1=Crawford, A.|author2=Bernstein, J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=MEAs, Conservation and Conflict – A case study of Virunga National Park, DRC|publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development|location=Geneva}}</ref>
Yankin arewacin na Filin shakatawa na Virunga ya haɗu da Semuliki na Uganda da Filin shakatawa na Duwatsun Rwenzori, da ɓangaren tsakiya tare da Filin shakatawa na Sarauniya Elizabeth. Bangaren kudu ya yi iyaka da Filin shakatawa na Volcanoes na Ruwanda.<ref name="Plumptre_al2012">{{cite book|authors=Plumptre, A. J., Pomeroy, D., Stabach, J., Laporte, N., Driciru, M., Nangendo, G., Wanyama, F. and Rwetsiba, A.|year=2012|chapter=The effects of environmental and anthropogenic changes on the savannas of the Queen Elizabeth and Virunga National parks|title=Long Term changes in Africa's Rift Valley: impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems|publisher=Nova Science Publishers|location=New York|editor=Plumptre, A. J.|pages=88–105}}</ref>
=== Yanayi ===
Yanayin da ke cikin Albertine Rift ya rinjayi motsi na Yankin Haɓakawa Tsakanin Tsakiya da El Niño - Kudancin Oscillation. Maris zuwa tsakiyar Mayu da Satumba zuwa Nuwamba sune manyan damuna.<ref>{{cite book|authors=Seimon, A. and Phillipps, G. P.|year=2012|chapter=Regional Climatology of the Albertine Rift|title=Long Term changes in Africa's Rift Valley: impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems|publisher=Nova Science Publishers|location=New York|editor=Plumptre, A. J.|pages=18–38}}</ref> Ruwan sama na kusan wata-wata a cikin savanna a kewayen Tafkin Edward shine 30-40 mm (1.2-1.6 a cikin); wannan shine yanki mafi bushewa na shimfidar wuri. Yankin arewa yana karɓar ruwan sama na wata-wata wanda yakai 220 mm (8.7 in), kuma yankin kudu yakai 160 mm (6.3 in).<ref name="Plumptre_al2012">{{cite book|authors=Plumptre, A. J., Pomeroy, D., Stabach, J., Laporte, N., Driciru, M., Nangendo, G., Wanyama, F. and Rwetsiba, A.|year=2012|chapter=The effects of environmental and anthropogenic changes on the savannas of the Queen Elizabeth and Virunga National parks|title=Long Term changes in Africa's Rift Valley: impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems|publisher=Nova Science Publishers|location=New York|editor=Plumptre, A. J.|pages=88–105}}</ref> Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a tsawan ƙasa ya bambanta daga 23-28°C (73-82°F), kuma a tsawan tsawa daga 16-24°C (61-75°F), da wuya ya sauka ƙasa da 14°C (57°F).<ref name="Bashonga2012">{{cite book|author=Bashonga, M. G.|year=2012|title=Etude socio-économique et culturelle, attitude et perceptions des communautés Twa pygmées autour du secteur Mikeno du Parc National des Virunga|publisher=Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature|location=Goma}}</ref>
== Bambancin halittu ==
{{multiple image|footer=Habitats in Virunga National Park|perrow=1|align=right|image1=Virunga_National_Park-108017.jpg|caption1=Riverine forest|image2=Virunga_National_Park-119502.jpg|caption2=Primary tropical forest}}
=== Shuke-shuke ===
Furen Filin shakatawa na Virunga ya kunshi nau'ikan shuka 2,077, gami da nau'ikan bishiyoyi 264 da kuma shuke-shuke 230 wadanda ke dauke da Kyautar Albertine.<ref name="Plumptre_al2007">{{cite journal|author1=Plumptre, A. J.|author11=Peterhans, J. K.|pages=178–194|issue=2|volume=134|journal=Biological Conservation|title=The biodiversity of the Albertine Rift|year=2007|name-list-style=amp|author10=Herremans, M.|author2=Davenport, T. R.|author9=Kahindo, C.|author8=Meirte, D.|author7=Ewango, C.|author6=Ssegawa, P.|author5=Eilu, G.|author4=Kityo, R.|author3=Behangana, M.|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2006.08.021}}</ref> Filayen Filin shakatawa na Virunga sun mamaye yankunan dausayi da filaye tare da papyrus sedge (''Cyperus papyrus''), hadadden flatsedge (''C. articulatus''), reed gama gari (''Phragmites mauritanica''), sacaton ciyawa (''Sporobolus consimilis''), ambatch (''Aeschynomene elaphroxylon''), conkerberry ( ''Carissa spinarum''), ƙaya mai ƙaiƙayi (''Vachellia sieberiana'') da 'ya'yan itace kowai (''Coccinia grandis'').<ref name="Mubalama2000">{{cite journal|author=Mubalama, L.|year=2000|title=Population and Distribution of Elephants (''Loxodonta africana africana'') in the Central Sector of the Virunga National Park, Eastern DRC|journal=Pachyderm|volume=28|pages=44–55}}</ref> An sami ragowar dicots kamar su caper na Afirka (''Capparis tomentosa''), jinsunan Maerua, cucurbits na daji da dare a cikin ƙwallan dusar ƙafa na giwayen Afirka (''Loxodonta'') waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa ga watsa iri a cikin ciyawar.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Brahmachary, R.L.|year=1980|title=On the germination of seeds in the dung balls of the African elephant in the Virunga National Park|journal=Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et la Vie)|volume=34|issue=1|pages=139–142|url=http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/54997/LATERREETLAVIE_1980_34_1_139.pdf?sequence=1}}</ref>
Gandun dajin da ke tsakanin 1,800 da 2,800 m (5,900 da 9,200 ft) a yankin kudanci ya mamaye ''Ficalhoa laurifolia'' da ''Podocarpus milanjianus'' tare da har zuwa 25 m (82 ft) manyan bishiyoyi. Bamboo mai tsayi na Afirka (''Yushania alpina'') yana girma a tsawan 2,300-2,600 m (7,500-8,500 ft). Ciyawar da ke sama da mita 2,600 (kafa 8,500) ta kasance tare da babban itacen Afirka (''Hagenia abyssinica'') wanda ya kai har 3,000 m (9,800 ft). Bishiyar bishiyoyi (''Erica arborea''), heather da mosses sun rufe gangaren danshi har zuwa 3,700 m (12,100 ft) tsawo. Jinsunan ''Senecio'' da ''Lobelia'' suna girma a sararin samaniya kuma suna samun tsayi har zuwa 8 m (26 ft).<ref name="Bashonga2012">{{cite book|author=Bashonga, M. G.|year=2012|title=Etude socio-économique et culturelle, attitude et perceptions des communautés Twa pygmées autour du secteur Mikeno du Parc National des Virunga|publisher=Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature|location=Goma}}</ref>
=== Dabbobi ===
{{multiple image|header=Mammals photographed in Virunga National Park|perrow=1|align=right|image1=Virunga National Park Gorilla.jpg|caption1=Mountain gorilla|image2=Elephants et buffled dans le parc des Virungas, 2003.jpg|caption2=African bush elephant and African buffaloes|image3=Gazelle in Virunga National Park.jpg|caption3=Ugandan kob|image4=Rwindi 49.jpg|caption4=Lions}}
Dabbobin Filin shakatawa na Virunga sun hada da dabbobi masu shayarwa guda 196, nau'in tsuntsaye 706, dabbobi masu rarrafe 109 da kuma 65 amphibians daga shekarar 2012.<ref name="Plumptre_al2007">{{cite journal|author1=Plumptre, A. J.|author11=Peterhans, J. K.|pages=178–194|issue=2|volume=134|journal=Biological Conservation|title=The biodiversity of the Albertine Rift|year=2007|name-list-style=amp|author10=Herremans, M.|author2=Davenport, T. R.|author9=Kahindo, C.|author8=Meirte, D.|author7=Ewango, C.|author6=Ssegawa, P.|author5=Eilu, G.|author4=Kityo, R.|author3=Behangana, M.|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2006.08.021}}</ref>
==== Dabbobi masu shayarwa ====
Primates da ke cikin gandun dajin sun hada da gorilla (G. b. Beringei), chimpanzee na kowa (''Pan troglodytes''), biri mai zinare, biri mai wutsiya (''Cercopithecus ascanius''), biri biri na Dent (''C. denti''), biri mai shudi (''C. mitis''), biri na Hamlyn (''C. hamlyni''), biri na De Brazza (''C. neglectus''), redbus colobus na tsakiyar Afirka (''Procolobus foai''), mantled guereza (''Colobus guereza''), dabbar zaitun (''Papio anubis'') da mangabey mai kunshi mai ruwan toka (''Lophocebus albigena'').<ref name="Plumptre_al2007" /><ref name="Frechkop1943" /><ref name="Lanjouw2002">{{cite book|author=Lanjouw, A.|year=2002|chapter=Behavioural adaptations to water scarcity in Tongo chimpanzees|title=Behavioural diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|pages=52–60|editor1=Boesch, C.|editor2=Hohmann, G.|editor3=Marchant, L.|isbn=0521006139|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-E7QdC6Q8cIC&pg=PA52}}</ref><ref name="Nixon2008">{{cite book|author=Nixon, S. C.|name-list-style=amp|author2=Lusenge, T.|year=2008|title=Conservation status of okapi in Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo. ZSL Conservation Report No. 9|publisher=The Zoological Society of London|location=London|url=https://www.zsl.org/sites/default/files/Nixon%20and%20Lusenge%202008%20-%20Conservation%20status%20of%20okapi%20in%20Virunga%20National%20Park%2C%20DRC.pdf}}</ref>
Giwar daji ta Afirka (''Loxodonta africana''), hippopotamus (''Hippopotamus amphibius'') da baffa na Afirka (''Syncerus caffer'') suna zaune a tsakiyar filin shakatawa na ƙasar.<ref name="Mubalama2000" /> Okapi (''Okapia johnstoni''), blue duiker (''Philantomba monticola''), bay duiker (''Cephalophus dorsalis''), Weyns's duiker (''C. weynsi''), duiker mai goyon bayan rawaya (''C. silvicultor''), chevrotain (''Hyemoschus aquaticus''), jan kogin hog (''Potamocer porcus''), aardvark (''Orycteropus afer'') da bongo (''Tragelaphus eurycerus'') an rubuta su a yankin arewa a shekarar 2008.<ref name="Nixon2008" /> Harnessed bushbuck (''T. scriptus'') da katuwar hog (''Hylochoerus meinertzhageni'') suna cikin yankin kudu.<ref name="Lanjouw2002" /> Dukkanin saman (''Damaliscus lunatus jimela'') zuwa kudu na tafkin Edward a yankin Ishasha Flats, kuma suna tsallaka kan iyaka zuwa Uganda.<ref>{{cite report|authors=A.Plumptre, D.Kujirakwinja, D.Moyer, M. Driciru & A. Rwetsiba|date=August 2010|title=Greater Virunga Landscape Large Mammal Surveys, 2010|url=https://uganda.wcs.org/DesktopModules/Bring2mind/DMX/Download.aspx?EntryId=38133|publisher=[[Wildlife Conservation Society]]|pages=5, 6|access-date=2 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|author=Uganda Wildlife Authority: Planning Unit|editor-last1=Buhanga|editor-first1=Edgar|editor-last2=Namara|editor-first2=Justine|date=26 July 2012|title=Queen Elizabeth National Park, Kyambura Wildlife Reserve, Kigezi Wildlife Reserve-General Management Plan (2011 - 2021)|url=https://www.ugandawildlife.org/wildlife-a-conservation-2/researchers-corner/general-management-plans?download=22:queen_elizabeth_pa-gmp|publisher=[[Uganda Wildlife Authority]]|page=2|access-date=2 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Wanyama2014">{{cite report|authors=F. Wanyama, E. Balole, P. Elkan, S. Mendiguetti, S. Ayebare, F. Kisame, P.Shamavu, R. Kato, D. Okiring, S. Loware, J. Wathaut, B.Tumonakiese, Damien Mashagiro, T. Barendse and A.J.Plumptre|date=October 2014|title=Aerial surveys of the Greater Virunga Landscape - Technical Report 2014|url=https://uganda.wcs.org/DesktopModules/Bring2mind/DMX/Download.aspx?EntryId=38134|publisher=[[Wildlife Conservation Society]]|pages=5, 11|access-date=2 May 2021}}</ref> Sauran wadanda basu gabatar ba sun hada da kobub na kasar Uganda (''Kobus kob thomasi''), bututun ruwa (''K. ellipsiprymnus''), da kuma guguwar da aka saba (''Phacochoerus africanus'').<ref name="Plumptre_al2012" /><ref name="Treves_al2009">{{cite journal|last1=Treves|title=Identifying a potential lion ''Panthera leo'' stronghold in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda, and Parc National des Virunga, Democratic Republic of Congo|doi=10.1017/S003060530700124X|pages=60–66|year=2009|issue=1|volume=43|journal=Oryx|name-list-style=amp|first1=A.|first4=J.|last4=Ziwa|first3=L. T. B.|last3=Hunter|first2=A. J.|last2=Plumptre|doi-access=free}}</ref>
Filin shakatawa na Virunga tare da kusa da Filin shakatawa na Sarauniya Elizabeth sun kafa <nowiki>''ungiyar Kula da Zaki'</nowiki>.<ref>{{cite book|author=IUCN Cat Specialist Group|year=2006|title=Conservation Strategy for the Lion ''Panthera leo'' in Eastern and Southern Africa|publisher=IUCN|location=Pretoria, South Africa}}</ref> Ana ɗaukar yankin a matsayin zaki mai ƙarfi (''Panthera leo'') matattara, idan aka hana farauta kuma nau'ikan dabbobi suka farfaɗo.<ref name="Treves_al2009" /> A bangaren arewacin filin shakatawa na kasar, damisa ta Afirka (''P. pardus pardus''), marsh mongoose (''Atilax paludinosus''), katuwar pangolin (''Smutsia gigantea''), pangolin bishiya (''Phataginus tricuspis''), porcupine da aka kafa (''Hystrix cristata''), Lord Derby's scaly-tailed (''Anomalurus derbianus''), Boehm's squirrel bush (''Paraxerus boehmi''), bishiyar yamma hyrax (''Dendrohyrax dorsalis''), Emin's pouched rat (''Cricetomys emini'') da kuma giwa giwa shrew (''Rhynchocyon cirnei'') an rubuta su yayin binciken a cikin 2008.<ref name="Nixon2008" />
==== Dabbobi masu rarrafe ====
Kogin Semliki yana ba da mazauni don kada na Nile (''Crocodylus niloticus''). Da yawa an lura da su a arewacin tafkin Edwards a cikin 1988 a karon farko.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Verschuren, J.|name-list-style=amp|author2=Kitsidikiti, L.|year=1989|title=L'apparition des crocodiles au lac ex-Edouard, Parc National des Virunga, Zaïre|journal=Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et la Vie)|volume=44|issue=4|pages=367–397|url=http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/55367/LATERREETLAVIE_1989_44_4_387.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref>
==== Tsuntsaye ====
Daga cikin tsuntsayen Kyautar Albertine, Rwenzori turaco, Rwenzori batis, Arbin ta ƙasa robin, ja-aledhe alethe, Kivu ƙasa thrush, collared apalis, dutse masked apalis, dusky crimson-reshe, Shelley ta crimsonwing, ja-fuskantar woodland warbler, stripe-breasted tit, tsuntsu mai shuɗi, shuɗar rana, Rwenzori mai ɗaukar hoto mai ruɓi biyu, kyakkyawan spurfowl da masaka mai saƙo a cikin yankin kudanci na Virunga National Park a yayin binciken a 2004. Tsuntsayen da ba su da wata cuta sun hada da gaggafa ta Wahlberg, goshawk na Afirka, shaƙatawa na Afirka, dakar dawa, da ungulu, da ungulu, da hadeda ibis, da farar hula mai launin toka, da fararen fata da fari da fari, da turaco mai baƙar fata, da tattabara zaitun na Afirka, kurciya da tattaba, kurciya mai launin shuɗi, ja mai ido, launin akuya mai ruwan goro, cukoo mai jan kirji, zaitun mai doguwar wutsiya, ƙwanƙolin doya mai ƙoshin lafiya, Klaas's cuckoo, Diederik cuckoo, coucal mai shuɗi, Narina trogon, farar hular itace mai farin kai, hankaka mai tsananin wuya, mai fararen wutsi mai farin ciki, mai farautar aljanna na Afirka, mai fararen ido mai fararen fata, mai farauta mai dusar kankara ta Afirka, mai farin fari mai launin shudi, mai tsaunin dutse, mai linzami mai yalwar fari, mai cin kirfa-mai cin kirji, launin toka mai ruwan toka, gidan cinikayya mai launin rawaya, tinkerbird ta yamma, tinkerbird mai tsamiya mai launin rawaya, katako mai kaduna, bishiyar bishiyar zaitun, fika-fikan baƙar fata, haɗiyar Angolan, Alpine swift, dutsen korebul, mai launin rawaya mai raɗaɗi, bulbul na gama-gari, robin mai farin-gani, ƙasan Archer, farin-browed robin-chat, dutse dutse, rufous thrush, African thrush, zaitun thrush, grassland pipit, kirfa bracken warbler, baki-fuska rufous warbler, dutse rawaya warbler, ruwan kasa woodland warbler, kore sandpiper, Chubb's cisticola, banded bandia, chestnut- apalis mai kumburi, camaroptera mai tallafi mai launin toka, crombec mai farin fari, ido mai duhu mai duhu, chinspot batis, tsaunin illadopsis, illadopsis mai ruwan toka, sunfara kan zaitun, sunbird na ruwan tagulla, kantunan malachite sunnantare, hadewar rana mai hade, kanwar fari mai canzawa, mai launin fari-fari , Mackinnon's shrike, Doherty's bushshrike, Lühder's bushshrike, arewa puffback, dutsen sooty boubou, wurare masu zafi boubou, kunkuntar-wutsiya tauraruwa, Sharpe's starling, baglafecht weaver, black bishop, fur-head negrofinch, c ommon waxbill, man shafawa mai kai mai duhu, mannikin tagulla, fari da fari mannikin, me ya sa pin-tailed me ya sa, citril na Afirka, mai ruwa mai kwararar ruwa da kuma ruwan sanyi mai yawa.<ref>{{cite book|authors=Owiunji, I., Nkuutu, D., Kujirakwinja, D., Liengola, I., Plumptre, A., Nsanzurwimo, A., Fawcett, K., Gray, M. & McNeilage, A.|year=2005|title=Biological Survey of Virunga Volcanoes|publisher=Wildlife Conservation Society|location=New York|url=http://rw.chm-cbd.net/implementation/rapport-et-documents-nationaux/biodiversity-virunga-volcanoes/download/en/1/the-biodiversity-of-the-virunga-volcanoes.pdf}}</ref>
== Kungiyoyin kabilu ==
{{multiple image|footer=Ethnic groups in and around Virunga National Park|perrow=2|align=right|image2=Volcano shelters.jpg|caption2=Settlements at the edge of the Nyiragongo crater|image1=Children in Virunga National Park.jpg|caption1=Children around a health care centre}}
Kungiyoyin kabilu da ke zaune a kewayen Filin shakatawa na Virunga sun hada da:
== Yada labarai ==
Takaddun fim ɗin Virunga ya ba da rahoton aikin masu gadin gandun dajin na Virunga da ayyukan kamfanin mai na Burtaniya Soco International a cikin dajin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Screenings|url=http://virungamovie.com/screenings/past|website=Virunga (Official Website)|access-date=20 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Sinha-Roy|first=Pifa|title=Netflix's 'Virunga' uncovers Congo's fight to protect resources|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-film-netflix-virunga-idUSKBN0IQ2OB20141107|work=[[Reuters]]|location=Los Angeles|date=6 November 2014|access-date=8 November 2014}}</ref>
== Manazarta ==
<references />
== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==
* {{Official website|http://www.virunga.org}}
* {{cite web|title=Virunga National Park - UNESCO World Heritage List|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/63|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=22 January 2016}}
* {{cite web|url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/6066|author=BirdLife International|title=Important Bird Areas factsheet: Virunga National Park}}
* {{cite web|url=https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2017/05/12/interview-with-emmanuel-de-merode-director-of-virunga-national-park/|title=Interview With Emmanuel de Merode, Director of Virunga National Park – National Geographic Blog|website=blog.nationalgeographic.org|date=May 2017|access-date=2017-12-21}}
* {{cite web|url=http://iccn.gorilla.cd/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004162027/http://iccn.gorilla.cd/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-10-04|title=Congolese Wildlife Authority ICCN}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.visitvirunga.org|title=Visit Virunga National Park}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Virunga.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20090713113741/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Virunga.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-07-13|title=UNEP-WCMC Natural Site Data Sheet}}
* {{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/63|title=UNESCO Virunga National Park Site}}
* {{cite web|url=http://natgeotv.com.au/Programmes/Intro.aspx?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080817032423/http://natgeotv.com.au/Programmes/Intro.aspx?|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-08-17|title=National Geographic Channel}}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2016/07/virunga-national-parks-africa-congo-rangers/|title=Inside the Fight to Save a Dangerous Park|date=July 2016|work=National Geographic Magazine 230 (1)|access-date=2017-09-11}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-23526178|title='Oil threat' to DR Congo's Virunga National Park|date=July 2013|work=[[BBC Online]]|publisher=BBC News|access-date=2 August 2013}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/16/world/oil-dispute-takes-a-page-from-congos-bloody-past.html?_r=0|title=Oil Dispute Takes a Page From Congo's Bloody Past|date=2014|access-date=2014-11-19}}
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Bindiga
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DonCamillo
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[[File:Classic Walther PPK.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Animated gun turret.gif|thumb|yanda harsashi yake futa daga bindiga]]
[[File:Punt gun NCMNS.jpg|thumb|bindiga]]
[[File:Casing.jpg|thumb|soja DA bindiga]]
'''Bindiga''' dai wata na'urace/makami wacce ake amfani da ita wajen harbi, mussamman a wajen yaki.
==Tarihi==
Anfara kirkiran bindigane a kasar chaina tun gabanin haihuwar annabi ISA (a.s) da shekara dubu daya 1000 ta hanyar amfani da itacen gora wato (bamboo) da wasu abubuwa daban.
==Ire-iren bindugogi==
===Na gargajiya===
===Na [[Zamani]]===
Sannan akwai nau'ika da yawa na bindugogin [[zamani]] irinsu;
* Rifles and shotguns
* Carbines.
* Machine guns.
* Sniper rifles.[[File:IDF-Snipers-2021.jpg|thumb|Sinaifa]]
* Submachine guns.
* Automatic rifles.
* Assault rifles.
* Personal defense weapons.
==Yanda take Aiki==
==Manazarta==
2svyjxz1x2lr6fm0jnlw6f2jpzlrbf9
Cletus Madubugwu Ibeto
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'''Cletus Madubugwu Ibeto''' (An haife shi ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba 1952) ɗan kasuwa ne, ɗan Nijeriya daga garin masana'antu na [[Nnewi]]. Shi ne shugaban The Ibeto Group, babban kamfani na kasuwanci daga Nnewi, birni ne na musamman don ruhun kasuwanci. A farkon shekarun 1980, lokacin da faduwar mai da kuma tsarin bayar da lasisi na shigo da kayayyaki ke yin tasiri ga yanayin masana'antar Najeriya, Nnewi ta shiga cikin wani yanayi na bunkasa. Rukunin Ibeto a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ibeto ya kasance mai sassauci a cikin yankin da kasuwancin ƙasa da ci gaban masana'antu a gaba.<ref>http://ibeto.com/IBETO-page.asp?P=3%7Ctitle=</ref>
== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
==Kasuwani==
Cletus Ibeto ya fara fita a matsayin kayayyakin gyara shigo da dila, bayan jawabin da wasu lokaci a matsayin almajiri a cikin mota sassa kasuwanci, a hankali a hankali mataki dauka da yawa m yan kasuwa. A watan Maris na 1988 ya dakatar da shigo da batirin mota mai gubar acid da kayan mashin roba, bayan ya gama masana'antar sa a Nnewi. Zuwa 1995 Kungiyar Ibeto ta zama daya daga cikin manyan kayan kera kayayyakin kera motoci a kasar.
===Kamfaninsa===
A ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1996, ya kafa Ibeto Petrochemical Industries Ltd. wanda ke tsunduma cikin hada man shafawa tare da samar da nau'ikan kayayyakin man fetur don kasuwannin gida da na waje. Kamfanin ya mallaki mafi girman wuraren ajiyar ruwa don kayayyakin mai a Najeriya tare da karfin sama da tan 60,000 wanda ke Apapa Wharf da Ibru Jetty Complex, Lagos.
May 2018, Ibeto Kamfanin Siminti Limited sanar da wani kuma baya da ci tare da Century Petroleum Corporation, a United States bayyane-yi ciniki man fetur bincike da kuma samar da kamfanin a wani matakin shiga kasuwannin duniya da kuma kewaye da hadaddun aiwatar da jeri. Ibeto ya sami hannun jarin kamfanin na kashi 70% sannan daga baya aka sanya Cletus Ibeto a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar Gudanarwa. Ya kammala karatun sa a jami’ar Nijeriya, Nsukka da digiri a fannin Akaunta.<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/ibeto-cement-acquires-u-s-oil-firm/%7Ctitle=</ref>
== Manazarta ==
5xe4kkak0khgcg39ozk693swu8xrogu
Cif Stephen Osita Osadebe
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Cif '''Stephen Osita Osadebe''' ana kiransa da '''Osadebe''' (An haife shi ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 1936 – 11 ga Mayu, 2007). babban mawakin Najeriya ne daga Atani. A lokacin aikinsa na tsawon sama da shekaru arba'in, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin sanannun mawaƙa na Igbo highlife. wani sanannen fim mai suna " Osondi Owendi " na shekarar 1984, wanda ya tabbatar da shi a matsayin jagoran sahun gaba kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun rubuce-rubucen Nijeriya har abada.<ref>https://ia802900.us.archive.org/19/items/cd_kedu-america_chief-stephen-osita-osadebe/cd_kedu-america_chief-stephen-osita-osadebe.pdf</ref>
== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi Osadebe a watan Maris na shekarar 1939 a garin Igbo na garin Atani da ke Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Ya fito ne daga layin mawaƙa da rawa a ƙasar Igbo. Salon sa, Highlife, ya ƙunshi yaren Ibo da na gargajiya. Tare da wannan, calypso, Samba, bolero, rumba, Jazz da waltz suma sun kasance cikin salon kidan Osadebe. A lokacin da yake karatun sakandare a Onitsha, wani babban birni ne na kasuwanci kusa da Atani, Osadebe ya sami sha'awar kiɗa.
==Waka==
Osadebe ya fara waka ne a wuraren shakatawa na dare a Legas a yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ya kasance wani ɓangare na Empireungiyar Rukuni na The Empire Rhythm, wanda EC Arinze ke jagoranta inda ya koyi yawancin ƙwarewar kiɗa. Wani fitaccen mawaki, Osadebe ya fitar da kundin sa na farko a shekarar 1958, sannan ya ci gaba da rubuta wakoki sama da 500; rabinsu an sake su ta hanyar kasuwanci. Bayan aiki tare da kungiyar Stephen Amache Band da Central Dance Band a wajajen 1964, Osadebe ya fito a matsayin mai jagorantar kungiyar tare da kungiyar sa Sound Sound.
Yayin da ya inganta sosai, salon Osadebe ya balaga ya hada da sharhin zamantakewar, kwatankwacinsa, amma ba irin na Fela Kuti ba . Jarabawar mutum da damuwarsa yawanci shine manyan batutuwan sharhinsa. Ya yi waka da Turanci, pidgin English da Igbo . Osadebe ya kan fadada wakokin sa domin jin dadin masu sauraro, hakan ya baiwa 'mutane a filin rawa' damar shagala cikin wakokin. Nau'in kidan sa yana da karfin gaske wanda mutum yake da wahala bai motsa jiki ba. Yana da motsa jiki da motsa jiki wanda ke sa mutum rawa da sautin mai kyau da sauti.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120229140839/http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/article/content.article/stephen_osita_obit</ref>
== Manazarta ==
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Clement Annie Okonkwo
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'''Clement Annie Okonkwo''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, 1960). An zabe shi Sanata a mazabar Anambra ta tsakiya ta Jihar Anambra, Najeriya, inda ya fara aiki a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2007. Dan jam'iyyar PDP ne.
== Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi ==
An haifi Okonkwo a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1960 a Ojoto, kusa da Onitsha a Jihar Anambra. Ya sami Babbar Diploma a Gudanarwa, Jami'ar Harvard, Amurka (1997-1998), Babbar Diploma a Dokar Kasuwanci da Aiki, Jami'ar Legas (1995-1997) da Babbar Diploma a Talla, Jami'ar Legas (1994-1995). Shigar da kasuwanci, ya gina ƙungiya mai ɗaukar ma'aikata sama da 7,000 wanda ya haɗa da kamfanoni kamar Reliance Telecomm, Masana'antar Clemco, Sadarwar Zamani (Satellite TV Network), Sadarwar Kasuwancin MacClemm, Sunflower Nigeria da Pentagon Oil.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203526/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=28&page=1&state=6</ref>
==Siyasa==
Bayan ya hau kujerar sa a Majalisar Dattawa, an nada shi kwamitoci kan Albarkatun Man Fetur, Harkokin 'Yan Sanda, Muhalli (mataimakin shugaba) da Noma. A cikin tsaka-tsakin tantance Sanatoci a watan Mayun 2009, ThisDay ya lura cewa ya dauki nauyin wani kudiri don Gwamnatin tarayya don sanya muhimman kayan masarufi da araha ga 'yan Najeriya, da kuma kudirin kafa Hukumar' Yan Najeriya a Hukumar Kasashen waje. Ya kasance mai fafatawa a zaben gwamnan jihar Anambra a watan Fabrairun 2010. Sai dai ya sha kaye a hannun mai ci, Peter Obi, wanda aka sake zaba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090614094442/http://senatorannieokonkwo.com/About%20Sanator%20Annie%20Okonkwo.html</ref>
== Manazarta ==
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Christopher Ossai
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{{Infobox sportsperson|name=Christopher Ossai|birth_date=1 April 1957|birth_place=|show-medals=yes|medaltemplates={{MedalSport | Men's [[Boxing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{flag|Nigeria}} }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Commonwealth Games]]}}
{{MedalGold| [[1982 Commonwealth Games|1982 Brisbane]] | Light Welterweight}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[All-Africa Games]]}}
{{MedalBronze| [[1978 All-Africa Games|1978 Algiers]] | Featherweight}}}}'''Christopher Ossai''' (an haife shi 1 ga watan Afrilu 1957) ɗan damben Najeriya ne. Ya yi gasa a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 1980 a [[Moscow]], da kuma wasannin Olympics na bazara na 1984 a [[Los Angeles]], sau biyu a cikin ajin masu nauyi. <ref name="sports-ref">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418050046/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/os/christopher-ossai-1.html Profile: Christopher Ossai] ''sports.reference.com'' (Retrieved on 21 January 2014)</ref>
A matsayinsa na ƙwararre, ya riƙe kambun nauyi na Afirka daga 1991 zuwa 1993 lokacin da aka tube shi.
== Sakamakon wasannin Olympics na 1980 ==
Da ke ƙasa akwai rikodin Christopher Ossai, ɗan damben Najeriya mai ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ya fafata a Gasar Olympics ta Moscow ta 1980:
* Zagaye na 16: ya sha kashi a hannun Richard Nowakowsi (Gabashin Jamus) akan maki, 0-5
== Hanyoyin waje ==
* Boxing record for Christopher Ossai from BoxRec
==Manazarta==
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165714
165713
2022-08-13T07:03:21Z
BnHamid
12586
/* Sakamakon wasannin Olympics na 1980 */
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{{Infobox sportsperson|name=Christopher Ossai|birth_date=1 April 1957|birth_place=|show-medals=yes|medaltemplates={{MedalSport | Men's [[Boxing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{flag|Nigeria}} }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Commonwealth Games]]}}
{{MedalGold| [[1982 Commonwealth Games|1982 Brisbane]] | Light Welterweight}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[All-Africa Games]]}}
{{MedalBronze| [[1978 All-Africa Games|1978 Algiers]] | Featherweight}}}}'''Christopher Ossai''' (an haife shi 1 ga watan Afrilu 1957) ɗan damben Najeriya ne. Ya yi gasa a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 1980 a [[Moscow]], da kuma wasannin Olympics na bazara na 1984 a [[Los Angeles]], sau biyu a cikin ajin masu nauyi. <ref name="sports-ref">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418050046/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/os/christopher-ossai-1.html Profile: Christopher Ossai] ''sports.reference.com'' (Retrieved on 21 January 2014)</ref>
A matsayinsa na ƙwararre, ya riƙe kambun nauyi na Afirka daga 1991 zuwa 1993 lokacin da aka tube shi.
== Sakamakon wasannin Olympics na 1980 ==
Da ke ƙasa akwai rikodin Christopher Ossai, ɗan damben Najeriya mai ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ya fafata a Gasar Olympics ta Moscow ta 1980:
* Zagaye na 16: ya sha kashi a hannun Richard Nowakowsi (Gabashin Jamus) akan maki, 0-5
==Hanyoyin waje==
* Boxing record for Christopher Ossai from BoxRec
==Manazarta==
ftdhv1x30xlwhmtzvltsu14iop2m63m
Churchill Odia
0
25029
165717
111556
2022-08-13T07:09:49Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox NCAA athlete|color=yellow|jersey=13|birth_place=[[Lagos, Nigeria]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1985|11|21}}|nationality=Nigerian|weight_lb=210|height_in=6|height_ft=6|career_end=2009|fontcolor=green|career_start=2004|major=[[Political science]]|class=Senior|position=[[Guard (basketball)|Guard]]|sport=[[Basketball]]|college=[[University of Oregon|Oregon]]|name=Churchill Odia|highschool=Montrose Christian High School }}
'''Churchill Odia''' (an haife shi 21 ga watan Nuwamba 1985 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] ) ɗan wasan kwando [[Najeriya|ne na kwalejin Najeriya]] tare da ƙungiyar kwando maza na Jami'ar Oregon Ducks . A shekara ta 2007, ya buga wasa da ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa ta Najeriya a gasar FIBA Africa Championship 2007 .
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://sports.espn.go.com/ncb/player/profile?playerId=22189 Bayanin mai kunnawa] espn.com
* [http://www.goducks.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPSID=4295&SPID=235&DB_OEM_ID=500&ATCLID=201195&Q_SEASON=2008 Tarihin] goducks.com
==Manazarta==
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165718
165717
2022-08-13T07:10:31Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox NCAA athlete|color=yellow|jersey=13|birth_place=[[Lagos, Nigeria]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1985|11|21}}|nationality=Nigerian|weight_lb=210|height_in=6|height_ft=6|career_end=2009|fontcolor=green|career_start=2004|major=[[Political science]]|class=Senior|position=[[Guard (basketball)|Guard]]|sport=[[Basketball]]|college=[[University of Oregon|Oregon]]|name=Churchill Odia|highschool=Montrose Christian High School}}
'''Churchill Odia''' (an haife shi 21 ga watan Nuwamba 1985 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] ) ɗan wasan kwando [[Najeriya|ne na kwalejin Najeriya]] tare da ƙungiyar kwando maza na Jami'ar Oregon Ducks . A shekara ta 2007, ya buga wasa da ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa ta Najeriya a gasar FIBA Africa Championship 2007 .
==Hanyoyin waje==
* [http://sports.espn.go.com/ncb/player/profile?playerId=22189 Bayanin mai kunnawa] espn.com
* [http://www.goducks.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPSID=4295&SPID=235&DB_OEM_ID=500&ATCLID=201195&Q_SEASON=2008 Tarihin] goducks.com
==Manazarta==
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User talk:787IYO
3
25183
165707
116024
2022-08-13T01:42:38Z
QueerEcofeminist
9137
QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User talk:IbrahimYakubuomar]] to [[User talk:787IYO]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/IbrahimYakubuomar|IbrahimYakubuomar]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]]"
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, IbrahimYakubuomar! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/IbrahimYakubuomar|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Em-mustapha|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.[[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 16:45, 17 Satumba 2021 (UTC)
== Jan hankali ==
Barka da ƙoƙari, muna farin ciki da gudunmawar da kake badawa wurin inganta shafukan Wikipedia. Sai abinda nake son jan hankalin ka akai shine, naga kana share space maimakon barinsa a tsakanin kalma da kalma, ko tsakanin comma, fullstop da kalmar dake biye masu, wannan kuskure idan kabi tsarin ƙa'ida na rubutu, akwai sarari tsakanin kalmomi da abinda ke biye masu, idan kana son ƙarin bayani akan yadda tsarin rubutu a Wikipedia yake duba nan [https://en:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation Wikipedia Manual of Style, Punctuation] acikin harshen turanci. Idan akwai abinda baka fahimta ba, zaka iya tambaya. Nagode
[[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 21:37, 1 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
Nagode bisa kulawa dan uwa, amma writing style na British no spacing after punctuations, but will look into your correction. Tnx bro [[User:IbrahimYakubuomar|IbrahimYakubuomar]] ([[User talk:IbrahimYakubuomar#top|talk]]) 21:46, 1 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
::Nagode da amsarka, amma fa default writing system a Wikipedia akwai space, dalilin da yasa na baka link kenan zuwa [https://en:Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation Wikipedia Manual of Style (MOS)] domin karanta kaga yadda tsarin rubutun yake anan dan kaima kayi ƙoƙarin bin ƙa'idar, kuma wannan ƙa'idar ta Wikipedia ba'a harshen wata ƙasa ƙwara ɗaya aka yi ta ba. Shin mu a yanzu a harshen Hausa wace tsari ce muke bi ko zamu bi, shin zamu riƙa cire space ɗin ne yafi ko a riƙa sanyawa shine yafi? Dukda dai ban taɓa cin karo da wani littafi bahaushiya ba wacce aka rubuta batare da spacing after punctuation ba. Kayi hakuri, idan aka maido da gyararrakin ka da kayi a na share space, ina fatan ka fahimta. Nagode da ƙoƙari. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 22:48, 1 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
Salaam, Nagode sosai da wannan gyaran da kayimun.Tnx bro [[User:IbrahimYakubuomar|IbrahimYakubuomar]] ([[User talk:IbrahimYakubuomar#top|talk]]) 04:55, 2 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
:Assalam, duba wannan shafin [[Michael Otedola]] ka rikitar da ita sanadiyar [[Special:MobileDiff/116005?|wannan edit ɗin da kayi]], infobox ɗin ya lalace, kayi irin haka haka a maƙalar [[Sadiya Umar Farouk]] sai dana gyara. Ina fatan zaka riƙa kula sosai da taka tsantsan. Nagode. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 12:03, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
::Kuma nakan ga kana sanya fullstop bayan reftag, shima nan ba'a sanya masa fullstop, haka a bayan Category, shima ba'a sanya fullstop, a taƙaice dai duk wani tag a shafi ba'a sanya masa comma ko fullstop. Dafatan ka fahimta. Nagode da gudunmawar da kake bayarwa. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 12:23, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
ql84tmnz1c28x41kp3tnp85irwc30pr
User:787IYO
2
25185
165706
112048
2022-08-13T01:42:38Z
QueerEcofeminist
9137
QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User:IbrahimYakubuomar]] to [[User:787IYO]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/IbrahimYakubuomar|IbrahimYakubuomar]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]]"
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Ibrahim Yakubu a graduate of chemistry and currently a worker with the ministry of education kaduna.Member of prominent bodies like Chemical society of Nigeria, Polymer institute of Nigeria.
f8mx4r9r7cmdb1wq80wzyy265t9xr2r
College of Education, Akwanga
0
25696
165732
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2022-08-13T07:41:54Z
BnHamid
12586
gyara
wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''Kwalejin Ilimi, Akwanga''' babbar jami'a ce da ke cikin [[Akwanga|garin]] [[Akwanga]] a cikin [[Ƙananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Karamar Hukumar]] Akwanga a [[Nasarawa|Jihar Nasarawa]], a tsakiyar [[Najeriya]] . <ref>http://www.nasarawastate.org/articles/56/1/-College-of-Education-Akwanga/Page1.html</ref> Kwalejin tana jagorancin waɗannan: Dr Roseline Kella, Provost; Mrs Ruth O. Agwadu, Magatakarda; Misis Lillian Okpede, Bursar da Mista Godwin Ekoja a matsayin Librarian.
== Tarihi ==
An kafa cibiyar a matsayin Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta Akwanga a watan Satumbar 1976, da dokar [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato mai]] lamba 5 a 1978. Daga nan aka soke wannan doka don goyan bayan Dokar Jihar Nasarawa mai lamba 16 na 1996 wacce ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996, bayan da gwamnatin Abacha [[Plateau (jiha)|ta kirkiro jihar]] daga Filato, wacce ta mayar da ayyukan cibiyar ga gwamnatin Nasarawa., sakamakon wurin da cibiyar take a sabuwar jihar Nasarawa.
Kwalejin Kwararrun Malamai ta fara ayyukan ilimi a wani wuri na wucin gadi a cikin [[Jos|garin Jos]] tare da harabar a Akwanga. Kwalejin horar da Malamai tayi ƙaura daga Jos zuwa matsayinta na dindindin a Akwanga, ranar 1 ga Satumba 1985.
==Tatsarin Karatu da Kwasa-kwasai==
== Manufofin cibiyar ==
Manufofin da aka kafa kwalejin shine domin kulawa kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin dokar kafa kwalejin sune:
1. Don ba da ilimi akan kwasa-kwasan da ke kaiwa ga Takaddar Shaidar Ilimi ta Najeriya ta hanyar karatun shekaru uku da ƙwararriyar fasaha wacce, bayan kammala karatu, ɗalibai za su cancanci zama malamai a makarantun firamare da sakandare da kwalejojin horar da malamai.
2. Yin aiki azaman cibiyar bincike a fannoni daban -daban na ka'idar ilimi da aiki;
3. Don hawa yanar gizo lokaci zuwa lokaci a darussan hutu a cikin sabis don hidimar malamai. <ref>http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/org/org_17043.html</ref> <ref>http://www.coeakwanga.edu.ng/about.htm</ref>
Wanda ya tayar da hankali a makarantar shine Rev (Dr) Musa Bawa wanda ya dauki nauyin kwalejin a 1998. Ya mikawa Alh. Mukhtar Isa Waya a shekarar 2006. Akwai Juyin Juya Halin E a lokacin mulkin sa, wanda ya ga gabatar da ɗakin karatu a cikin makarantar a cikin 2007-2009. <ref>http://nigerianstudy.blogspot.com/2009/11/directory-of-nigerian-colleges-of.html</ref>
==Hnyoyin waje==
[http://huntcabal.com Ilimi a Najeriya]
==Manazarta==
t47fwan8witl01jowgr37hrk3i708tl
165733
165732
2022-08-13T07:42:16Z
BnHamid
12586
/* Tatsarin Karatu da Kwasa-kwasai */
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'''Kwalejin Ilimi, Akwanga''' babbar jami'a ce da ke cikin [[Akwanga|garin]] [[Akwanga]] a cikin [[Ƙananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Karamar Hukumar]] Akwanga a [[Nasarawa|Jihar Nasarawa]], a tsakiyar [[Najeriya]] . <ref>http://www.nasarawastate.org/articles/56/1/-College-of-Education-Akwanga/Page1.html</ref> Kwalejin tana jagorancin waɗannan: Dr Roseline Kella, Provost; Mrs Ruth O. Agwadu, Magatakarda; Misis Lillian Okpede, Bursar da Mista Godwin Ekoja a matsayin Librarian.
== Tarihi ==
An kafa cibiyar a matsayin Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta Akwanga a watan Satumbar 1976, da dokar [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato mai]] lamba 5 a 1978. Daga nan aka soke wannan doka don goyan bayan Dokar Jihar Nasarawa mai lamba 16 na 1996 wacce ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1996, bayan da gwamnatin Abacha [[Plateau (jiha)|ta kirkiro jihar]] daga Filato, wacce ta mayar da ayyukan cibiyar ga gwamnatin Nasarawa., sakamakon wurin da cibiyar take a sabuwar jihar Nasarawa.
Kwalejin Kwararrun Malamai ta fara ayyukan ilimi a wani wuri na wucin gadi a cikin [[Jos|garin Jos]] tare da harabar a Akwanga. Kwalejin horar da Malamai tayi ƙaura daga Jos zuwa matsayinta na dindindin a Akwanga, ranar 1 ga Satumba 1985.
==Tsarin Karatu da Kwasa-kwasai==
== Manufofin cibiyar ==
Manufofin da aka kafa kwalejin shine domin kulawa kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin dokar kafa kwalejin sune:
1. Don ba da ilimi akan kwasa-kwasan da ke kaiwa ga Takaddar Shaidar Ilimi ta Najeriya ta hanyar karatun shekaru uku da ƙwararriyar fasaha wacce, bayan kammala karatu, ɗalibai za su cancanci zama malamai a makarantun firamare da sakandare da kwalejojin horar da malamai.
2. Yin aiki azaman cibiyar bincike a fannoni daban -daban na ka'idar ilimi da aiki;
3. Don hawa yanar gizo lokaci zuwa lokaci a darussan hutu a cikin sabis don hidimar malamai. <ref>http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/org/org_17043.html</ref> <ref>http://www.coeakwanga.edu.ng/about.htm</ref>
Wanda ya tayar da hankali a makarantar shine Rev (Dr) Musa Bawa wanda ya dauki nauyin kwalejin a 1998. Ya mikawa Alh. Mukhtar Isa Waya a shekarar 2006. Akwai Juyin Juya Halin E a lokacin mulkin sa, wanda ya ga gabatar da ɗakin karatu a cikin makarantar a cikin 2007-2009. <ref>http://nigerianstudy.blogspot.com/2009/11/directory-of-nigerian-colleges-of.html</ref>
==Hnyoyin waje==
[http://huntcabal.com Ilimi a Najeriya]
==Manazarta==
jvtjfcyplu9qgbsbz2zpkd97iuz3g12
DDD (album)
0
25906
165764
116145
2022-08-13T08:42:53Z
BnHamid
12586
/* Nassoshi */
wikitext
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{{Infobox album|name=DDD|genre=[[Alternative rock]]|next_title=[[No More Songs About Sleep and Fire]]|prev_year=1999|prev_title=[[New World Record]]|producer=Jonathan Pines, Poster Children|label=[[SpinART Records|spinART]]<ref name="TP">{{cite web |title=Poster Children |url=https://trouserpress.com/reviews/poster-children/ |website=Trouser Press |access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref>|length=38:01|studio=|type=[[Album]]|venue=|recorded=1999, Studio Tedium, [[Champaign, Illinois|Champaign]], [[Illinois]]|released=February 22, 2000|alt=|cover=PosterChildrenDDDCover.jpg|artist=[[Poster Children]]|next_year=2004}}
{{Album reviews|rev1=[[AllMusic]]|rev1Score={{Rating|3|5}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/ddd-mw0000055522|title=DDD - Poster Children | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic|via=www.allmusic.com}}</ref>|rev2=''[[The Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]''|rev2score={{rating|3|5}}<ref name="CL">{{cite book |last1=Larkin |first1=Colin |title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music |date=2006 |publisher=MUZE |location=Volume 6 |page=609}}</ref>|rev3=''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''|rev3score=7.8/10<ref>{{cite web |title=DDD |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/6436-ddd/ |website=Pitchfork |access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref>|rev4=''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]''|rev4score=6/10<ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UMvcbE3u_GkC&pg=PA202&lpg=PA202&dq=poster+children+ddd+2000&source=bl&ots=1-MffMRAPK&sig=ACfU3U0JQ3YWsV35f0mh0vhxFwajNIR2Hg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDmIqomKvuAhVaaM0KHYlPDLY4KBDoATAIegQICBAC#v=onepage&q=poster+children+ddd+2000&f=false|title=Reviews|work=SPIN|date=April 21, 2000|publisher=SPIN Media LLC|via=Google Books}}</ref>}}'''''DDD''''' wani kundi ne na wata kungiyar mawakan Amurka ta Poster Children, wacce aka fitar a cikin shekara ta 2000. Ya samo sunansa daga Lambar SPARS don kundin rikodin na dijital, gauraye, da ƙwarewar album.
== Tarba mai mahimmanci ==
A cikin nazarin taurarinsa 4, ''The Austin Chronicle'' ya rubuta cewa "kalmomin Rick Valentin suna da kaifi da kaɗe-kaɗe kamar yadda aka saba, shi da guitars ɗan'uwan Jim suna yin tawaye da juna kamar sarƙaƙƙen sarƙa." ''Spin ya'' kira kundin "kallon kuzari game da aiki na rayuwa a cikin wasan matashi, raye-raye da canza launi tare ''da ayoyin ba-ba'' da wanda ke ba da lada."
== Jerin waƙa ==
# "Wannan Garin Yana Bukatar Wuta" - 2:36
# "Baƙi Masu Taɗi" - 3:30
# "An canza Daisy" - 3:26
# "Zero Stars" - 2:02
# "Raba Lokaci" - 2:50
# "Rock & Roll" - 1:27
# "Persimmon" - 2:15
# "Elf" - 2:33
# "Tsohuwar Makaranta da Sabuwa" - 3:52
# "Alkalin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa" - 2:41
# "Silhouette" - 3:10
# "Cikakken samfur" - 2:39
# "Peck N'Paw" - 5:00
== Ma'aikata ==
* Rick Valentin - Vocals, Guitar
* Rose Marshack - Bass, muryoyi
* Jim Valentin - Guitar
* Howie Kantoff - Ganga
==Manazarta==
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Collared mangabey
0
26370
165731
118245
2022-08-13T07:39:10Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
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A '''collared mangabey''' '''''(Cercocebus torquatus),''''' kuma aka sani da '''ja-bugawa mangabey,''' ko da '''fari-collared mangabey''' (manyan zuwa sauki rikice ba tare <nowiki><i id="mwEw">Cercocebus atys lunulatus</i></nowiki> ), shi ne mai jinsunan Primate a cikin iyali Cercopithecidae na Old World birai . A baya ya haɗa da mangabey mai sooty a matsayin gandun daji matsayin gandun daji. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a yanzu, mangabey da aka haɗa shine monotypic .
== Bayani ==
Mangabey mai launin toka yana da furfura mai launin toka yana rufe jikinsa, amma sunaye na yau da kullum suna nufin launuka akan kansa da wuyansa. <ref name="ARKive" /> Shahararren hularsa na ja-ja-ja-gora ya ba shi suna ja-capped, kuma farin abin wuyarsa ya hahararren hularsa na ja-ja-ja-gora ya ba shi suna ''ja-capped'', kuma farin abin wuyarsa ya ba shi sunayen da ''aka haɗe'' da ''fararen fata'' . <ref name="ARKive" /> Kunnensa baƙar fata ne kuma yana da fararen fatar ido, wanda yasa wasu ke kiransa da "biri mai ido huɗu". Yana da wutsiyar launin toka mai duhu wanda ya zarce tsawon jiki kuma galibi ana rike shi da farin saman a kansa. <ref name="ARKive" /> Yana da doguwa masu tsawo da manyan incisors . Matsakaicin adadin gawarwakin mutane yana daga {{Convert|9|to|10|kg|lb}} ga maza da {{Convert|7.5|to|8.6|kg|lb}} ga mata. <ref name="ThePrimata" /> Tsawon kan-kai shine {{Convert|47|–|67|cm|in}} a cikin maza da {{Convert|45|–|60|cm|in}} a cikin mata. <ref name="ARKive" />
== Mazauni da rarrabawa ==
Ana samun mangabey mai haɗe-haɗe a cikin gandun daji, fadama, mangrove, da gandun daji, daga yammacin [[Najeriya]], gabas da kudu zuwa [[Kamaru]], da ko'ina cikin [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]], da [[Gabon]], da kan iyakar Gabon da Kongo ta bakin TekunnAtlantika.
== Halayya ==
Mangabey mai haɗin gwiwa yana zaune cikin manyan mutane 10 zuwa 35 ciki har da maza da yawa. Ana amfani da sadarwar murya a cikin salo da haushi don kiyaye ƙungiyar a cikin hulɗa da sigina matsayin su ga wasu ƙungiyoyi. <ref name="ARKive" /> Yana da abincin 'ya'yan itatuwa da iri, amma kuma yana cin ganye, ganye, furanni, halittun da basu da gashin baya, namomin kaza, dung da danko. <ref name="Nguyen1999" /> Mangabey mai haɗe -haɗe ba shi da takamaiman lokacin kiwo, yana isa balaga ta jima'i tsakanin shekaru biyar zuwa bakwai, kuma yana da matsakaicin lokacin yin ciki na kwanaki 170. <ref name="Nguyen1999" />
== Barazana ==
A shekarar 2006, anyi it cewa duk shekara ana farautar mangabeys guda 3,000 a yankin dajin Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal saboda amfani dashi a wajen kasuwancin naman daji.
== Kiyayewa ==
An jera mangabey mai haɗe -haɗe a matsayin wanda ke cikin haɗari a cikin Red List na IUCN saboda asarar mazaunin da farautar naman daji . Hakanan an jera shi akan Rataye na II na CITES da kan Class B na Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan Kula da Yanayi da albarkatun ƙasa.
[[File:To-Beg-or-Not-to-Beg%3F-That-Is-the-Question-Mangabeys-Modify-Their-Production-of-Requesting-Gestures-pone.0041197.s001.ogv|left|thumb|Chipse, an adult female, produces requesting gestures by extending an arm through the cage mesh toward an experimenter who holds a raisin in her hands. The experimenter displays five experimental conditions in succession in which her attentional state differs on the basis of gaze (Eyes Open, Eyes Distracted, and Eyes Closed) head (Head Away) and body (Body Away) orientation.]]
{{Clear}}
== Hanyoyin waje ==
* {{Commons-inline|Cercocebus torquatus}}
==Manazarta==
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Contras'city
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'''''Contras'city''''' fim ne na ƙasar [[Senegal]] ɗan gajeren fim ne na 1969.
== Takaitaccen bayani ==
Hotunan almara da ke nuna birnin [[Dakar]], Senegal, yayin da muke jin tattaunawa tsakanin wani mutumin Senegal (daraktan, Djibril Diop Mambéty) da wata Bafaranshiya, Inge Hirschnitz. Yayin da muke tafiya cikin birni a cikin wata babbar keken doki mai ban sha'awa, mun garzaya cikin ruɗani cikin wannan kuma sanannen unguwar da ke babban birnin, inda muka gano bambanci bayan haka: Wani ƙaramin jama'ar Afirka da ke jira a ƙofar Cocin, Musulmai suna addu'a a bakin titi, Rococo. gine-ginen gine-ginen Gwamnati, mafi kyawun shagunan masu sana'a a kusa da babbar kasuwa.
==`Yan wasa==
== Duba kuma ==
* [[Sinima a Senegal|Cinema na Senegal]]
== Magana ==
{{RefFCAT|204}}{{Dead link}}
*{{IMDb title|0201536}}
==Manazarta==
[[Category:Fina-finai]]
[[Category:Sinima a Afrika]]
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Cut and Paste (fim)
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'''''Cut kuma Manna''''' ({{Lang-ar|قص ولصق}}) fim ɗin Masar ne na 2006. Bayan ya cika shekaru talatin, burin Gmilla na yin hijira zuwa kasashen waje ya ruguje. Ta hadu da Youssef wanda shi ma yana tunanin tafiya ne kuma suka kulla yarjejeniyar cewa za su taimaki juna wajen yin hijira cikin sauƙi. Amma shirin yana tafiya ta hanyar da ba a zata ba.
== Yin wasan kwaikwayo ==
* Sherif Mounir a matsayin Youssef
* Hanan Tork a matsayin Gamila
* Fathy Abdel Wahab
* Sawsan Badar
* Marwa Mahran
* Hanan Metaweh
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [[imdbtitle:1050719|Farashin IMDB]]
==Manazarta==
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Cibiyar Tarihi ta Arequipa
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A watan Disamba shekarar 2000, UNESCO ta ayyana cibiyar '''tarihi ta Arequipa''' a matsayin Cibiyar Tarihi ta Duniya, tana mai cewa:
''"Cibiyar tarihi ta Arequipa misali ne na gine-ginen ado, yana wakiltar babban aikin haɗin gwiwa na haɗin gwiwar Turai da na asali. Garin mulkin mallaka wanda ya kalubalanci yanayin yanayi, tasirin 'yan asalin, tsarin cin nasara da bishara da kuma ga wani yanayin yanayi mai ban mamaki."''
[[File:Centro_Histórico_de_la_ciudad_de_Arequipa_(mapa).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Centro_Hist%C3%B3rico_de_la_ciudad_de_Arequipa_(mapa).png|none|thumb|Taswirar cibiyar tarihi]]
== Bayani ==
'''Cibiyar tarihi ta Arequipa''', wadda aka gina a cikin dutsen sillar dutsen mai aman wuta, tana wakiltar haɗin gwiwar fasahar gine-ginen Turai da na asali da kuma halaye, wanda aka bayyana a cikin kyakkyawan aiki na mashawartan mulkin mallaka da Criollo da mason Indiya. Wannan haɗin gwiwar tasirin ana kwatanta shi da ƙaƙƙarfan katangar birnin, manyan tituna da rumfuna, tsakar gida da buɗaɗɗen fili, da ƙayatattun kayan ado na Baroque na facade.
[[File:Arequipa-sta-catalina-c07.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arequipa-sta-catalina-c07.jpg|none|thumb|Monastery na Santa Catalina]]
==Manazarta==
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Crist
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'''Crist''' (Tsohon Turanci na ''Kristi'') shine taken kowane ɗayan tsoffin waƙoƙin addinan turanci guda uku a cikin Littafin Exeter. Sun kasance a ƙarshen ƙarni 19 da farkon na 20 waɗanda aka yi imani da cewa aikin kashi uku ne na marubuci ɗaya, amma ƙarin ƙwararrun malanta ya ƙaddara cewa ayyukan suna da asali daban-daban.
: ''Crist I'' (kuma ''Crist A'' ko ''Zuwan Lyrics'' ), waka a cikin sassa goma sha biyu akan zuwan Almasihu wanda marubucin da ba a san shi ba (ko marubuta) ya rubuta.
: ''Crist II'' (kuma ''Crist B'' ko ''Hawan Yesu zuwa sama'' ), waka akan hawan Kristi zuwa sama da mawaƙin Anglo-Saxon Cynewulf ya rubuta .
: ''Crist III'' (kuma ''Crist C'' ), waka a kan Hukuncin Ƙarshe wanda marubucin da ba a san shi ba ya rubuta.
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070419000915/http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth/library/oe/texts/a3.1.html Tsohon wakokin Ingilishi, ''Kristi I-III'']
* [http://www.yorku.ca/inpar/Christ_Kennedy.pdf Fassarar Turanci ta Zamani] ( PDF ), na Charles W. Kennedy. Daga " [http://www.yorku.ca/inpar/ A cikin Iyaye] ".
==Manazarta==
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Sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare haƙƙin yara a Iran
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[[Iran|Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ta]] sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (CRC) a shekara ta 1991, kuma ta amince da shi a shekara ta 1994. Bayan amincewa da ita, Iran ta yi tanadi kamar haka: "Idan nassin yarjejeniyar ya kasance ko ya saba wa dokokin gida da ma'auni na Musulunci a kowane lokaci ko kuma a kowane hali, gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ba za ta yi aiki da shi ba."
Ko da yake ƙasar Iran na da alaka da yarjejeniyar a karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na kasa da kasa da gwamnatocin kasashen waje sun sha suka a kai a kai kan gazawarta wajen kiyaye wajibcin da ke cikin yarjejeniyar.
== Tarihi ==
Babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda Iran ta kasance memba a cikinta, ta amince da ayyana 'yancin yara a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba shekarata 1924. A shekarata 1959 Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ayyana 'yancin yara ba tare da jefa kuri'a ba.
Iran ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara a ranar 5 ga Satumba shekarar 1991. Majalisar dokokin Iran ta amince da yarjejeniyar a ranar 13 ga Yulin shekarata 1994. Bugu da kari, Iran ta rattaba hannu tare da amincewa da Yarjejeniya ta Zabi kan Siyar da Yara, Karuwanci da Batsa na Yara sannan ta sanya hannu (amma ba ta amince da) Yarjejeniyar Zabin Kan Shiga Yara a Rikicin Makamai ba. Har yanzu Iran ba ta rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Hakkokin Yara kan Hanyar Sadarwar Zabi ba.
A cikin shekarata 2016, Iran ta gabatar da rahotonta na lokaci-lokaci na uku da na hudu game da aiwatar da tanade-tanaden da ake kira CRC.
=== Aiwatarwa ===
A ranar 3 ga Janairu, shekarar 2010, Iran ta kafa Hukumar Kula da 'Yancin Yara (NBCRC) a karkashin Ma'aikatar Shari'a . Hukumar ta NBCRC ita ce ke da alhakin sa ido, tsarawa, da daidaita duk wasu batutuwan da suka shafi yara a Iran, a matakin kasa ta hanyar ma'aikatu da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da kuma a matakin kananan hukumomi ta hanyar kafa ofisoshin kananan hukumomi da gwamnonin larduna ke gudanarwa. NBCRC ta kafa ƙungiyoyin aiki na musamman guda huɗu don taimaka mata wajen cika ayyukanta: Ƙungiyar Kulawa da Kulawa, Rukunin Ayyuka na Shari'a da Shari'a, Ƙungiyar Ayyuka na Horo da Bayani, da Ƙungiyoyin Ayyuka na Kariya da Daidaitawa.
Yayin da ake ɗaukar kafa ta a matsayin mataki mai kyau, ƙungiyoyin waje sun yi tambaya game da tasirin NBCRC. Musamman rashin samun ‘yancin kai da iyakantaccen ikon da yake da shi na yin tasiri ga manufofin gwamnati a wajen ba da shawara ya taso. A halin yanzu babu wata Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Bil Adama ta Kasa (NHRI) a Iran da ke da ikon yin la'akari da korafe-korafen daidaikun mutane da gudanar da bincike a madadin yara. <ref name="outrightinternational.org" />
== Matsayin yara na shari'a a Iran ==
Ko da yake Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ta amince da CRC, <ref>Access to Justice for Children: Islamic Republic of Iran, Child Rights International Network (CRIN), Feb 2015, 1</ref> doka a Iran tana aiki kuma tana samun halaccin kawai a cikin tsarin Musulunci, wanda ke nuna cewa kowace doka ta dace da wasu "ma'auni na Musulunci". <ref>Constitution, Islamic Republic of Iran, Article 4</ref> Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan hakkin yara ya bukaci Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran sau da yawa da ta janye ajiyarta ga yarjejeniyar, a cewar CRC, wanda ya bayyana cewa "Ajiyayyen da bai dace da abu da manufarsa ba. Ba za a yarda da Yarjejeniyar ta yanzu ba." <ref>Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Article 51, point 2</ref> A sakamakon haka, yara suna bin hanyar da ba ta dace ba inda ake fassara "ma'auni na Musulunci" daga Hukumomin Jihohi, wato Majalisar (Majalissar), Jagoran Jagora da Majalisar Kulawa. <ref>Birnbaum Lili, Cetinkaya Hasret, Harper Elizabeth, Legal Research Series. Legal Status of the Child: Iran’s International Human Rights Obligations, University of Essex, June 2014, 16-18</ref>
Mai yiyuwa ne kowane yara su gabatar da kararrakin cin zarafin da suka fuskanta a gaban kotu. Sai dai kuma hakan bai shafi shari'o'in aikata laifuka ba kuma yara 'yan kasa da shekaru goma sha biyar kan bukaci gabatar da kararsu a gaban kotu ta hannun mai kula da su. <ref>Access to Justice for Children: Islamic Republic of Iran, Child Rights International Network (CRIN), Feb 2015, 2</ref> Kamar yadda kundin tsarin mulkin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ya yi nuni da cewa: “Kare mutumin da ke karkashin kulawa da kuma wakilcinsa na shari’a a cikin dukkan al’amuran da suka shafi dukiyarsa da hakkokinsa na kudi, sun kasance ne ga waliyyi”. <ref>Iranian Civil Code (1928) amended 2006, Article 1235</ref> Wannan ya sa samar da adalci ga yara ba zai yi wuya ba yayin da mai yin ta'addanci shi ne waliyyai, yawanci uwa. Dokar Iran ba ta ɗaukar yaro a matsayin mahaluƙi mai haƙƙoƙin mutum ɗaya da sanin doka ba, <ref>Legal Research Series. Legal Status of the Child: Iran’s International Human Rights Obligations, 20</ref> don haka ya Zama ba ta mutunta Babban Magana No.12 (2009) a cikin CRC game da haƙƙin sauraron yaro.
A shekarar 2013, an kai rahoton sace yara fiye da kimanin 2,400 ga kungiyar kare hakkin yara a Iran. Kungiyar kare hakkin yara da ke kula da layin ba da shawarwari ta wayar tarho, (Sedayeh Yara) ta ce kashi 55 cikin 100 na yaran an fuskanci hukunci na tunani da tunani sannan kashi 45 cikin 100 na fuskantar horo na jiki. Bisa kididdigar da Shirin Sadr Nuri mamba na kungiyar kare hakkin yara ya yi, ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na ISNA cewa, kashi kusan 93% na wadanda suka tuntubi kungiyar a shekarar 2013, iyayen yaran ne kashi uku cikin dari. 'ya'yan da kansu, kuma kashi biyu na kiran waya daga ubanninsu ne.
== Yara a cikin tsarin adalci ==
=== Shekarun alhakin aikata laifuka ===
Dangane da ma'anar "yaro", dabi'un da ke cikin dokokin kasa da kasa shine na saita iyaka tsakanin yara da balaga da shekaru goma sha takwas. Misali, kwamitin kare hakkin yara ya yi iƙirarin cewa bai kamata mutane su kasance cikin ɗaurin kurkuku ba a ƙarƙashin shekara 18 <ref>Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Article 37 (a)</ref> kuma kada su kasance da ƙwazo a cikin rikice-rikice a ƙasa da shekaru 15. <ref>Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Article 38</ref> Shekarun alhakin aikata laifuka yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da shekarun girma. A ranar 10 ga Fabrairun shekarata 2012, Majalisar Dokokin Iran ta sauya dokar aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kan yara kanana. A cikin sabuwar dokar, za a yi la'akari da shekarun 18 (shekarar rana) a matsayin mafi ƙarancin shekarun girma kuma masu laifin da ke ƙarƙashin wannan shekarun za a yanke musu hukunci a ƙarƙashin wata doka ta daban.
=== Hukumcin jiki ===
Ba a ba da izinin azabtar da yara a wuraren kulawa da rana bisa ga labarin 8 (23) na Dokokin Gyara don Kafa, Gudanarwa da Rusa Duk nau'ikan Cibiyoyin Kula da Rana (2008). Haka dokar ta shafi cibiyoyin gyaran yara. A gaskiya ma, bisa ga Dokokin Gudanarwa na Kungiyar Kula da Gidajen Yari, Gyara da Matakan Tsaro a shekarata (2005), "Halayen zalunci, cin zarafi na wadanda ake tuhuma da masu laifi ko gudanar da tsauraran matakan ladabtarwa da cin mutunci an haramta ta kowace hanya a cibiyoyi da gidajen yari". <ref>Sharon Owen, Corporal punishment of children in Iran: Briefing for the Universal Periodic Review, Global Initiative, 2014, 3</ref>
A cewar Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Iran, "dukkan nau'ikan azabtarwa don manufar fitar da ikirari ko samun bayanai haramun ne", <ref>Iranian Constitution (1979) amended 1989, Article 38</ref> wanda ya dace da yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa . <ref>International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), Article 7</ref> Sai dai a baya-bayan nan an samu rahotannin azabtarwa da cin zarafi daga wasu matasa da suka aikata laifin, wadanda aka tilasta musu yin ikirari ta hanyar tilastawa. Daya daga cikin kararrakin na baya-bayan nan shi ne Alireza Tajiki, wanda aka kama yana da shekaru goma sha biyar, kuma aka yanke masa hukunci bayan ya amsa laifin azabtar da shi da laifin fyade da kuma kisan wani abokinsa, laifukan da ya saba janyewa a gaban kotu.
Yin bulala a matsayin hukumcin laifi, al'ada ce da har yanzu ake amfani da ita a cikin tsarin shari'a na Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran. A cewar dokar da ta bayyana shekarun da suka kai ga aikata laifuka, ‘yan mata da suka haura tara da maza sama da shekaru goma sha biyar, ana yanke musu hukunci tare da hukunta su kamar yadda kundin hukunta manyan laifuka na Iran ya tanada, wanda kuma ya shafi hukuncin daurin rai da rai kan laifukan da suka shafi jima’i, tuhumar karya, shan barasa, da shan barasa, da kuma shan barasa. ya haifar da rauni. <ref>Corporal Punishment of Children in Iran, Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children, last updated 2016, 3-4</ref> Don haka, ‘yan mata da suka haura shekara tara da kuma maza sama da shekara goma sha biyar ana iya yi musu bulala. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 26</ref> Duk da haka, idan an gane cewa masu laifin "ba su fahimci yanayin laifin da aka aikata ba ko haramcinsa ba, ko kuma idan akwai rashin tabbas game da ci gaban kwakwalwarsu", ba za a iya aiwatar da hukuncin jiki ba kuma za a tsare mai laifin ko kuma a tuhume shi da shi. tarar. <ref>Iranian Penal Code (1991) amended 2013, Article 91</ref> Koyaya, don yin la'akari da Mataki na kusan 91 kuma a yi aiki da shi, ana buƙatar waɗanda suka yi laifin da kansu su yi iƙirarin samun damar sake yin shari'ar da labarin ya ba da izini. Wadanda suka aikata laifin kasa da goma sha takwas 18 da iyalansu galibi ba su san da hakan ba kuma ba za su iya ba lauyan da zai sanar da su hakkokinsu ba, kadan ne daga cikinsu ke neman a sake shari’ar. <ref>Growing Up On Death Row: The Death Penalty and Juvenile Offenders in Iran, Amnesty International (2016), 53</ref>
==== Hukuncin jiki a cikin gida ====
A bisa ka'idar farar hula ta ƙasar Iran, "Yaro dole ne ya yi biyayya ga iyayensa kuma ya girmama su ba tare da la'akari da shekarunsa ba" <ref>Iranian Civil Code (1928) amended 2006, Article 1177</ref> kuma idan aka yi rashin biyayya ko don dalilai na ilimi, dokokin Iran sun ba da izinin azabtar da jiki a cikin gida matukar dai wanda ya aikata laifin ya kasance. waliyin yaron. A cewar dokar farar hula ta Iran, "Iyaye na da hakkin hukunta 'ya'yansu amma kada su yi amfani da wannan hakkin ta hanyar hukunta 'ya'yansu fiye da iyakokin gyara". <ref>Iranian Civil Code (1928) amended 2006, Article 1179</ref> Bayan haka kuma, dokar hukunta laifuka ta Musulunci ta bayyana cewa: Duk “Ayyukan da iyaye da masu kula da yara kanana da mahaukata suke aikatawa domin azabtar da su ko kare su matukar dai an aiwatar da irin wadannan ayyukan a cikin iyakokin al’ada da kuma iyakokin addini don azabtarwa da kariya”. <ref>Iranian Penal Code (1991) amended 2013, Article 158 (d)</ref>
=== Kisa kan yara masu laifi ===
A halin yanzu ana amfani da hukuncin kisa a Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran kuma adadin hukuncin kisa ya karu da kashi 300 daga shekarar 2008 zuwa Shekarar 2015. <ref>Iran Human Rights, Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran (2015), 6</ref> Ita ma Iran tana rike da kambun tarihi na kasa da kasa wajen aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kan kananan yara. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 39; Iran Human Rights, Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran (2015), 22</ref> Yawan kisa na kananan yara ya karu sosai kuma daga baya ya ragu a cikin shekarata 2015. Duk da haka, a farkon shekarar shekarata 2016, masu laifi 160 sun kasance a kan "layin kisa" (suna jiran a kashe su) a Iran saboda laifukan da suka aikata kafin su cika shekaru goma sha takwas.
A shekarar 2016, kwamitin kare hakkin yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya bukaci Iran da ta kawo karshen aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kan kananan yara da kuma mutanen da suka aikata wani laifi a lokacin da suke kasa da shekaru 18. A ranar 18 ga Oktoban shekarar 2017, kwararrun masana kare hakkin dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya iri-iri sun jaddada cewa "Iran na ci gaba da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kan yara kanana" <ref>[http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22258&LangID=E UN rights experts urge Iran to halt imminent execution of juvenile Amirhossein Pourjafar]</ref> Kwararrun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun nuna rashin jin dadin yadda ake ci gaba da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kan kananan yara a Iran. Kwararru na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ce, "Ya kamata Iran ta gaggauta soke hukuncin kisa kan kananan yara ba tare da wani sharadi ba, tare da aiwatar da wani tsari na sassauta duk wani hukuncin kisa da aka yanke kan kananan yara, daidai da ka'idojin shari'a na yara." <ref>[http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=57913#.WeesXFu0Ndg UN rights experts urge Iran to halt imminent execution of juvenile Amirhossein Pourjafar]</ref> An bayar da rahoton cewa Iran ta zartar da hukuncin kisa kan akalla yara kanana hudu daga watan Janairu zuwa Oktoban shekarata 2017, kuma an san akalla wasu 86 da ake yanke musu hukuncin kisa a lokacin, ko da yake adadin na iya karuwa.
Dalilan da aka yanke wa masu laifin kisa musamman kisan kai da fyade amma “kiyayya ga Allah” ( ''moharebeh'' ), sata da laifuffukan da ke da alaka da miyagun kwayoyi sun kasance cikin dalilan yanke hukuncin kisa ga kananan yara. <ref>Amnesty International, Growing up on Death Row: the Death Penalty and Juvenile Offenders in Iran, 2016, 30</ref> Wani hali na baya-bayan nan dangane da hukuncin kisa a Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran shi ne na tsare wadanda suka aikata laifin har sai sun cika shekara goma sha takwas sannan a kashe su kawai a lokacin. Sai dai kuma babu wani wajibci na shari'a da ya kamata a dage aiwatar da hukuncin har sai wanda ya aikata laifin ya kai shekara sha takwas. <ref>Amnesty International, Growing up on Death Row: the Death Penalty and Juvenile Offenders in Iran, 2016, 31</ref> Sabon fasalin Kundin Laifukan Musulunci na shekarar 2013 ya hada da cewa matasa daga tsakanin goma sha biyar zuwa goma sha takwas wadanda suka aikata laifukan da aka yankewa hukuncin ta'azir <ref>The list of crimes that fall into ''ta'zir'' category is included in the Article 18 and 19 of the Iranian Penal Code</ref> za a kebe su daga kisa. A maimakon haka za a ci gaba da tsare su na wasu lokuta daban-daban, ko kuma tarar ƙima daban-daban, ya danganta da girman laifukan. <ref>Iranian Penal Code (1991) amended 2013, Article 89</ref> Amma, idan aka kasafta laifin da aka aikata a karkashin hudud da qisas, wadanda suka aikata kasa da shekaru goma sha takwas ana daukarsu a matsayin halaltacce. Ko da a cikin ''hudud'' da ''qisa'', lokacin da masu laifin da ba su kai shekaru sha takwas ba ana tunanin ba su gane girman laifin ba, ana iya amfani da sashe na 91 na kundin hukunta laifuka na Iran kuma mai laifin yana iya zama keɓe daga hukuncin kisa.
Rataye shi ne mafi yawan nau'in hukuncin kisa a Iran kuma ana aiwatar da shi a gidajen yari ko kuma a bainar jama'a a kan Wasu filaye.
An iyakance aikin jifa a cikin sigar dokar hukunta manyan laifuka ta Iran shekarata (2013). Koyaya, sabon juzu'in Kundin Laifukan ya ci gaba da amfani da jifa a matsayin ''hukunci'' mai tsanani. Mataki na ashirin da 225 ya bayyana cewa " ''hukuncin haddi'' na zina da mace da namiji da suka cika sharuddan ''ihsan'' za a yi su ne da jifa har lahira". <ref>Iranian Penal Code (1991) amended 2013</ref>
Duk da cewa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi Allah wadai da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a matsayin hukunci na laifi a ƙasar Iran tare da jaddada girman aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a bainar jama'a, an bayar da rahoton aiwatar da wannan aiki a Iran.
A ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairun shekarata 2019 wasu gungun kwararrun [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|kare hakkin dan Adam]] na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] sun yi kira ga gwamnatin Iran da ta dakatar da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da ake yi wa Mohammad Kalhory mai shekaru 15 a lokacin da ya aikata laifin. <ref>[https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24188&LangID=E Iran must halt execution of child offender, say UN human rights experts]</ref>
== Hakkokin jama'a da na siyasa ==
=== Wariyar jinsi ===
Mataki na 20 na kundin tsarin mulkin kasar Iran ya tabbatar da kare doka daidai gwargwado ga maza da mata. <ref>Iranian Constitution (1979) amended 1989, Article 20</ref> Duk da haka, dokokin Iran sun ƙunshi ayyuka da yawa waɗanda ke ƙarfafa wariyar jinsi a cikin ƙasar. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, dokokin hukunta laifuka na Iran da na farar hula sun ayyana yaro yana da shekara 9 ga wata ga ’yan mata, da shekara 15 ga maza. <ref>Iranian Penal Code (1991) amended 2013, Article 146</ref> Wannan yana ba da ƙarancin kariyar yara ga 'yan mata fiye da maza, kuma ya hana su wasu kariyar Yarjejeniyar. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran: Joint Alternative Report by Civil Society Organizations on the Implementation of the Convention of the Rights of the Child by the Islamic Republic of Iran, March 2015, p. 14</ref>
Mataki na 907 na kundin dokokin farar hula, game da rabon gado, ya kuma nuna wariya dangane da jinsi ta hanyar bai wa maza magada ninki biyu na mata a cikin yara da yawa. Bugu da kari, sashi na 911 na dokar farar hula ya bayyana cewa, idan marigayin ba shi da ‘ya’ya masu rai, jikoki sun gaji gwargwadon nawa ne iyayensu za su samu. 'Ya'yan 'ya'ya maza don haka sun fi 'ya'yan 'ya'ya mata. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran: Joint Alternative Report by Civil Society Organizations on the Implementation of the Convention of the Rights of the Child by the Islamic Republic of Iran, March 2015, p. 15</ref>
=== Dan kasa da hakkin dan kasa ===
Dokar kabilanci ta Iran ta ƙunshi ka'idoji na ''jus sanguinis'' da ''jus soli'' . An ratsa kasa ta hannun uba, ma'ana 'ya'yan uwayen Iran da uban da ba na Iran ba suna fuskantar wahala wajen samun dan kasar Iran.
Sanin hakan, a cikin rahoton lokaci na uku kan CRC gwamnatin Iran ta yi ishara da dokar da aka kafa a shekarar 2006 a kan yanke hukunci kan 'ya'yan da aka haifa a sakamakon auren matan Iran da maza na kasashen waje, wanda ya bayyana cewa yaran da aka haifa a Iran ". sakamakon auren matan Iran da mazan kasashen waje, idan sun kai shekaru kusan 18, suna iya neman izinin zama dan kasar Iran. Za a ba da wannan damar idan yaron ba shi da wani bayanan laifi ko tsaro, kuma sun soke duk wata ƙasa da ba ta Iran ba. Majalisar dokokin Iran ta kiyasta cewa dokar za ta taimaka wa kusan yara kimanin 120,000 da suka rage a cikin "lalatawar 'yan kasa". <ref>Nikou, Semira N., "Iran: Discrimination Through Citizenship", p. 2</ref>
An dai soki wannan doka da rashin yin nisa don kare hakkin yara. A Yawancin iyaye Ko ubanni da ba na Iran ba ’yan gudun hijira ne ko kuma ‘yan gudun hijirar da ba su da takardun zama ‘yan Afghanistan ko Iraqi. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran: Joint Alternative Report by Civil Society Organizations on the Implementation of the Convention of the Rights of the Child by the Islamic Republic of Iran, p. 21</ref> Dokokin Iran sun bukaci mace 'yar kasar Iran ta samu izinin auren wata 'yar kasar waje, kuma da yake masu neman mafaka ba su da rajista a bisa ka'ida, ba za a iya yin rajistar aurensu ba, don haka 'ya'yansu ba za su iya samun takardar haihuwa ba.
=== Ilimi ===
Kundin tsarin mulkin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ya bayyana cewa, gwamnati ce ke da alhakin baiwa dukkan 'yan kasar ilimi kyauta har zuwa sakandare <ref>Iranian constitution (1979), article 30.</ref> Gwamnatin tsakiya ta hannun ma'aikatar ilimi ce ke da alhakin bayar da kudade da gudanar da ilimin K-12. Yana kula da jarrabawar kasa, kula da ma'auni, tsara manhajoji da horar da malamai, samar da kayayyakin ilimi, da kiyayewa da inganta ababen more rayuwa. Ana kula da ilimi ta hanyar hukumomin larduna da ofisoshin gundumomi a matakin kananan hukumomi.
Kudaden da Iran take kashewa a fannin ilimi ya zarce na duniya. A cewar UNESCO, kashi kusan 17% na kudaden gwamnati a Iran sun tafi ilimi, adadi mai yawa idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin duniya na 14.3%.
Auren wuri yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da yawan barin makaranta, saboda dokokin kasar Iran sun kayyade damar zuwa makaranta ga yaran da suka yi aure, saboda an ba su damar shiga jarrabawar karshe ne kawai, kuma ba su cancanci zuwa darasi ko makarantun dare. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 29.</ref>
== Aikin Yara ==
Dokar kwadago ta Iran ta haramta aikin yi wa yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 15 aiki. <ref>Iranian Labor Law (1991), sec. 79.</ref> Yara masu shekaru 15-18, da ake magana da su a matsayin "matasan ma'aikata", ana buƙatar Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta gudanar da gwaje-gwajen likita na yau da kullun don samun cancantar shiga cikin ma'aikata. Bugu da ƙari, an hana masu ɗaukar ma'aikata sanya matasa zuwa "ayyukan kari, aiki na canzawa, ko aiki mai wahala, cutarwa ko haɗari". <ref>Iranian Labor Law (1991), sec. 80, 81, 82, 83, 84.</ref> Koyaya, Dokar Ma'aikata ta ba da izinin keɓance kasuwancin da ke da ma'aikata ƙasa da Kashi 10 daga wasu tanade-tanaden doka, gami da matsakaicin buƙatun sa'o'in aiki, biyan kari, da fa'idodin nakasa. <ref>Iranian Labor Law (1991), amended 2003, sec. 119
</ref> <ref name="Iran 2015">Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 46.</ref> Iran ta amince da yarjejeniyar Ofishin Kwadago ta kasa da kasa (ILO) kan mafi munin nau'i na aikin yara .
Duk da wasu tsare-tsare na shari'a na hana cin zarafin kananan yara, Iran na shan suka saboda yawan masu yi wa kananan yara aikin yi, kuma kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama sun ba da rahoton cin zarafi da dama. <ref>Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 45-47.</ref> Alkaluma game da adadin yara da matasa ƴan kwadago sun bambanta. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2011, fiye da 900,000 ba sa cikin makarantu tsakanin shekaru 6 zuwa 14. Wasu daga cikin dalilan rashin zuwa makaranta sun hada da aurar da yara da kuma aikin yara, wanda ya sa ake barin makaranta. A halin yanzu babu wani bayani a hukumance kan adadin masu aikin yi wa kananan yara aiki, tare da alkaluman baya-bayan nan a hukumance daga kidayar al'ummar Iran ta shekarar 2011. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi a shekarar 2011, akwai ma'aikata kimanin 68,558 da ke aiki da yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 14, da 696,700 masu shekaru 15 zuwa 18. <ref name="Iran 2015">Rights of the Child in Iran, Joint alternative report, March 2015, 46.</ref> A cewar Majalisar Resistance na Iran (NCRI), kusan yara miliyan 3.1 na Iran ba sa makaranta, wanda rabinsu na cikin ma'aikata. <ref>National Council of Resistance of Iran. Available at: http://www.ncr-iran.org/en/news/human-rights/12893-a-fifth-of-children-in-iran-living-on-the-streets-or-forced-into-child-labor</ref>
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a na Iran a shekarata 1996, fiye da kashi 4% na yawan ma'aikata na Iran suna tsakanin shekaru 10 - 14. A cikin wannan kididdigar, yawan ma'aikata na Iran ya kasance mutane miliyan 14.5, don haka adadin yaran da ke aiki yana da shekaru 10-14, wanda ya kasance kashi 4%, ya kai kimanin dubu 600. A cikin shekarata 1996, akwai kimanin yara kusan guda 380,000 masu shekaru 10 zuwa 14 a Iran waɗanda ke da ƙayyadaddun ayyuka.
Yara da yawa a garuruwa daban-daban kuma suna shiga cikin masu sayar da tituna. Iyayen mafi yawansu sun sha shaye-shayen miyagun kwayoyi kuma wadannan yaran na fuskantar cin zarafi da lalata da yara.
== Fataucin yara ==
Ana amfani da Iran a matsayin tushe, hanyar wucewa, da kuma ƙasar da za a bi don safarar jima'i na yara. <ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2016/index.htm Trafficking in Persons Report report 2016], The United States State Department.</ref> Matasa 'yan mata na Iran sun fi fuskantar matsalar fataucin, wanda aka ce wani bangare na talauci da kuma dokokin gwamnati da suka kebanta da mata. Ma'aikata sun mamaye maza sosai, saboda kashi 15 cikin 100 na dukkan mata ne ke da aiki. <ref>A Human Rights Report on Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Protection Project, July 2011. Available at: http://www.protectionproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/Iran.pdf</ref>
Ana zargin 'yan matan da suka gudu sun fi fuskantar fataucin mutane da karuwanci. <ref name="Persons 2011">A Human Rights Report on Trafficking in Persons, July 2011.</ref> A wata hira da BBC a shekarata 2005, Dr. Hadi Motamedi, shugaban sashin rigakafin cututtuka na ma'aikatar lafiya, ya ce yawancin 'yan matan da suka gudu suna fuskantar fyade a cikin sa'o'i 24 na farko. A cewar Motamedi, akasarin wadanda aka yiwa fyaden ana watsi da su bayan sun koma ga iyalansu. <ref>“Most Runaway Girls in Iran Raped Within First 24 Hours” Iran Focus, London, 12 July 2005. available at: http://gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Iran.htm</ref> Matsugunan da aka kafa don gudun hijira kuma sun zama sananne a matsayin tushen samun karuwai da yara masu siyarwa. A cewar babbar hukumar shari'a ta lardin Teheran, masu fataucin kan yi fataucin 'yan mata ne masu shekaru tsakanin 13 zuwa 17, ko da yake an samu wasu rahotannin cewa ana fataucin 'yan matan masu shekaru 8 zuwa 10. Haka kuma an samu rahotannin fataucin jarirai da dama a Iran. <ref name="Persons 2011" />
== Auren wuri ==
A halin yanzu karancin shekarun auren ‘ya’ya mata a Iran shine shekara goma sha uku a wata yayin da maza ke cika shekaru goma sha biyar. Duk da haka, ga namiji har yanzu yana yiwuwa ya kai ƙarar kotu da nufin ya auri yaron da bai kai ƙaramar shekarun aure ba saboda hukuncin ko yaron ya yi aure ko a'a yana hannun wanda yake kula da shi. <ref>Iranian Civil Code (1928), Amended 2006, Article 1041.</ref> A bisa ka'idar farar hula ta Iran, bayan cika shekaru goma sha uku, 'yan matan budurwowi da suka yi aure a karon farko suna bukatar izinin uba ko kakan kaka kawai. <ref>Iranian Civil Code (1928), Amended 2006, Article 1043.</ref> A baya, mafi ƙarancin shekarun aure shine shekaru a ƙalla 15 ga 'yan mata da shekaru kimanin 18 ga maza kuma a cikin yanayi na musamman kuma tare da gabatar da takardar shaidar kotu, 'yan mata masu shekaru 13 da maza masu shekaru 15 zasu iya yin aure; Don haka an haramta auren ‘yan kasa da shekara 13 gaba daya.
Dokar Kariya ba tare da Dokar Yara ba, wacce Iran ta amince da ita a cikin shekarata 1975, ta sami canje-canje a cikin shekarar 2013. A cikin sabon sigar, labarin na ashirin da bakwai 27 ya ce “Idan shugaban iyali yana son ya auri yaron da aka goye, ya aika da bayananta zuwa kotu don amincewa. Idan an riga an yi auren, dole ne kungiyar jin dadin jama'a ta kai rahoto ga kotu, inda za a yanke shawarar ci gaba da kula da iyali daya ko kuma soke shi." <ref>Elham Namdari, “Legalizing Marriage with Stepchild in Iran and Human Rights”, Journal of Social Walfare and Human Rights (2015), Vol.3, No.1, 45</ref>
Bisa kididdigar da UNICEF ta bayar, tsakanin shekarar 2008 zuwa Shekarar 2014, kashi 3% na matasan Iran sun yi aure suna da shekaru goma sha biyar, kashi 17% kuma suna da shekaru sha takwas Alkaluman shekarar 2010 sun nuna cewa 43, 457 na yara a karkashin shekaru 15 an yi rajista bisa hukuma don aure. Kashi 90 cikin 100 na kididdigar sun shafi 'yan mata matasa. Amma bincike ya nuna cewa adadin auren yara bai takaitu ga kididdiga ba, tunda a karkara yara suna yin aure kuma suna rayuwa tsawon shekaru ba tare da yin aure ba.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2018}}Hakanan bisa cikin shekarata 2012, yara 37,000 masu shekaru 10 zuwa 18 sun sake su ko kuma sun mutu. A kowace shekara, 'yan mata 800 daga shekaru 10 zuwa 14 da kuma 'yan mata 15,000 masu shekaru 15 zuwa 19 ne ake saki a Iran. Talauci da akidar gargajiya ce ke haifar da wadannan auren wuri. <ref name="auto" /> A mafi yawan lokuta, dangin surukan suna biyan kuɗi ga dangin amarya, waɗanda galibi suna fama da talauci don yin aure da ’yarsu ta ƙasa da ƙasa. Abubuwan da ke tattare da auren wuri sun hada da karuwar jahilci da wulakanci a tsakanin mata, auren mace fiye da daya, firar gida, da al’amuran ma’aurata.
== Duba wasu abubuwan ==
* Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin Yara
* Bayyana Haƙƙin Yaran
* Hakkin dan Adam a Iran
* Hakkin dan Adam a Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran
== Bayanan kula ==
: 1. Shekarar wata, wacce ita ce ma’aunin da kalandar wata ta ginu a kai, bambamcin tsayi daga shekarar rana da kwana goma sha daya zuwa sha biyu. Don haka, shekarun wata tara sun yi daidai da kusan shekara takwas da wata 8 da watanni goma sha biyar kusan shekara goma sha hudu ne da wata bakwai.
: 2. <span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_b">'''^'''</span><span> </span>''Ihsan'' shine matsayin mijin aure wanda zai iya saduwa da matarsa "duk lokacin da ya ga dama". ''Ihsan'' kuma tana nufin matsayin macen da zata iya saduwa da mijinta. (Kodin hukunta manyan laifuka ta Iran, shafi na 226).
: 3. <span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_c">'''^'''</span><span> </span>Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ayyana ma'aikacin yara a matsayin ko dai a) yaro mai shekaru 5-11 wanda ko dai ya shiga akalla sa'a 1 na ayyukan tattalin arziki ko kuma akalla sa'o'i 28 na ayyukan gida a mako, ko b) yaro mai shekaru 12-14. wanda ke shiga aƙalla sa'o'i 14 na ayyukan tattalin arziki ko kuma aƙalla sa'o'i 28 na ayyukan gida a kowane mako. (UNICEF, Yanayin Yara na Duniya 2016). Wata ma’anar da Shirin Ƙididdiga da Kula da Ƙididdiga na ILO ya gabatar kan aikin yara (SIMPOC) ya bayyana yaro a matsayin ɗan aikin ɗan aiki idan yana da hannu a cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki, kuma yana ƙasa da shekaru 12 kuma yana aiki ɗaya ko fiye da sa'o'i a mako, ko yana da shekaru 14 ko ƙasa kuma yana aiki aƙalla sa'o'i 14 a kowane mako, ko kuma yana da shekaru 14 ko ƙasa kuma yana aiki aƙalla sa'a ɗaya a kowane mako a cikin ayyukan da ke da haɗari, ko yana da shekaru 17 ko ƙasa kuma yana aiki a cikin " mummunan nau'i mara kyau na mara kyau. sana’ar yara ” (karuwanci, ’ya’yan bauta ko aikin tilas, rikicin makami, fataucin yara, hotunan batsa, da sauran ayyukan haram).
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah
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'''Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah''' (an haife ta ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, 1967). 'yar siyasan Ghana ce kuma 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada.Ta yi aiki a matsayin Karamar Minista mai kula da cibiyoyi da zamantakewa.
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah an haife ta a Big Ada, [[Yankin Greater Accra|Greater Accra]] a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1967. Comfort ta sami Diploma a Stenographership daga Royal Academy of Accounting, Accra a 1983. Ta sami takardar shaida a Gidan Rediyo da Talabijin daga Cibiyar Aikin Jarida ta Ghana a 2011.
==Siyasa==
Cudjoe-Ghansah ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada, kuma tana zaune a kwamitocin kula da jinsi da yara, da kuma harkokin waje. Ita ce Karamar Ministar Gwamnatin Ghana kan Cibiyoyin Jama'a da Allied, wanda [[Shugaban kasar Ghana|Shugaban Ghana]] [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] ya nada ta a matsayin a cikin Janairu 2013. Ta musanta zargin da aka yi mata a shekarar 2014 na cewa ta baiwa ‘yan majalisar cin hancin kin amincewa da shugaban gundumar da shugaban kasa ya zaba. An share sunanta ne a wani taron gaggawa da aka yi a yankin.
===Takara===
Cudjoe-Ghansah ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki ta National Democratic Congress mai wakiltar mazabar Ada a yankin Greater Accra. Ta lashe wannan kujera a lokacin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku da suka hada da Kanor Saakey na New Patriotic Party, Asupah Manasseh na National Democratic Party da Daniel Katey Ossah na jam’iyyar Convention People’s Party su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Ada da aka gudanar a shekarar 2016. Cudjoe-Ghansah ta lashe zaben da samun kuri'u 18,954 daga cikin 23,570 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 80.42 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada. A cikin 2020, Cudjoe-Ghansah ta ci gaba da rike kujerarta, da kuri'u 27,591, inda ta samu kashi 82.14% na kuri'un da aka jefa wa kujerar Ada a Majalisar.
==Bayan Fage==
A karshen wannan shekarar ta gana da jakadan kasar Sin dake Ghana, inda suka tattauna aikin hadin gwiwa kan kiwon lafiya da kyautata rayuwar yara.
A cikin 2016, ta gabatar da kwamfutoci a madadin gwamnati ga shugaban ma'aikatan gwamnati na Ghana, da tebura sama da 500 ga makarantu a mazabarta. A wata karamar biki, ta jaddada mahimmancin ilimi ga 'yan kasar Ghana.
==Iyli==
Ita [[Kirista]] ce wadda ta yi aure da ‘ya’ya shida. Ta yi magana a wasu abubuwan da suka nemi kawo hadin kan addini a yankin, inda ta yaba da zaman lafiya a Ghana.
== Manazarta ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cudjoe Ghansa, Comfort Doyoe}}
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/* Iyli */
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{{databox}}
'''Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah''' (an haife ta ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, 1967). 'yar siyasan Ghana ce kuma 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada.Ta yi aiki a matsayin Karamar Minista mai kula da cibiyoyi da zamantakewa.
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah an haife ta a Big Ada, [[Yankin Greater Accra|Greater Accra]] a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1967. Comfort ta sami Diploma a Stenographership daga Royal Academy of Accounting, Accra a 1983. Ta sami takardar shaida a Gidan Rediyo da Talabijin daga Cibiyar Aikin Jarida ta Ghana a 2011.
==Siyasa==
Cudjoe-Ghansah ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada, kuma tana zaune a kwamitocin kula da jinsi da yara, da kuma harkokin waje. Ita ce Karamar Ministar Gwamnatin Ghana kan Cibiyoyin Jama'a da Allied, wanda [[Shugaban kasar Ghana|Shugaban Ghana]] [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] ya nada ta a matsayin a cikin Janairu 2013. Ta musanta zargin da aka yi mata a shekarar 2014 na cewa ta baiwa ‘yan majalisar cin hancin kin amincewa da shugaban gundumar da shugaban kasa ya zaba. An share sunanta ne a wani taron gaggawa da aka yi a yankin.
===Takara===
Cudjoe-Ghansah ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki ta National Democratic Congress mai wakiltar mazabar Ada a yankin Greater Accra. Ta lashe wannan kujera a lokacin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku da suka hada da Kanor Saakey na New Patriotic Party, Asupah Manasseh na National Democratic Party da Daniel Katey Ossah na jam’iyyar Convention People’s Party su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Ada da aka gudanar a shekarar 2016. Cudjoe-Ghansah ta lashe zaben da samun kuri'u 18,954 daga cikin 23,570 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 80.42 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada. A cikin 2020, Cudjoe-Ghansah ta ci gaba da rike kujerarta, da kuri'u 27,591, inda ta samu kashi 82.14% na kuri'un da aka jefa wa kujerar Ada a Majalisar.
==Bayan Fage==
A karshen wannan shekarar ta gana da jakadan kasar Sin dake Ghana, inda suka tattauna aikin hadin gwiwa kan kiwon lafiya da kyautata rayuwar yara.
A cikin 2016, ta gabatar da kwamfutoci a madadin gwamnati ga shugaban ma'aikatan gwamnati na Ghana, da tebura sama da 500 ga makarantu a mazabarta. A wata karamar biki, ta jaddada mahimmancin ilimi ga 'yan kasar Ghana.
==Iyali==
Ita [[Kirista]] ce wadda ta yi aure da ‘ya’ya shida. Ta yi magana a wasu abubuwan da suka nemi kawo hadin kan addini a yankin, inda ta yaba da zaman lafiya a Ghana.
== Manazarta ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cudjoe Ghansa, Comfort Doyoe}}
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{{databox}}{{Hujja}}
'''Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah''' (an haife ta ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, 1967). 'yar siyasan Ghana ce kuma 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada.Ta yi aiki a matsayin Karamar Minista mai kula da cibiyoyi da zamantakewa.
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah an haife ta a Big Ada, [[Yankin Greater Accra|Greater Accra]] a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1967. Comfort ta sami Diploma a Stenographership daga Royal Academy of Accounting, Accra a 1983. Ta sami takardar shaida a Gidan Rediyo da Talabijin daga Cibiyar Aikin Jarida ta Ghana a 2011.
==Siyasa==
Cudjoe-Ghansah ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada, kuma tana zaune a kwamitocin kula da jinsi da yara, da kuma harkokin waje. Ita ce Karamar Ministar Gwamnatin Ghana kan Cibiyoyin Jama'a da Allied, wanda [[Shugaban kasar Ghana|Shugaban Ghana]] [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] ya nada ta a matsayin a cikin Janairu 2013. Ta musanta zargin da aka yi mata a shekarar 2014 na cewa ta baiwa ‘yan majalisar cin hancin kin amincewa da shugaban gundumar da shugaban kasa ya zaba. An share sunanta ne a wani taron gaggawa da aka yi a yankin.
===Takara===
Cudjoe-Ghansah ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki ta National Democratic Congress mai wakiltar mazabar Ada a yankin Greater Accra. Ta lashe wannan kujera a lokacin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku da suka hada da Kanor Saakey na New Patriotic Party, Asupah Manasseh na National Democratic Party da Daniel Katey Ossah na jam’iyyar Convention People’s Party su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Ada da aka gudanar a shekarar 2016. Cudjoe-Ghansah ta lashe zaben da samun kuri'u 18,954 daga cikin 23,570 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 80.42 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada. A cikin 2020, Cudjoe-Ghansah ta ci gaba da rike kujerarta, da kuri'u 27,591, inda ta samu kashi 82.14% na kuri'un da aka jefa wa kujerar Ada a Majalisar.
==Bayan Fage==
A karshen wannan shekarar ta gana da jakadan kasar Sin dake Ghana, inda suka tattauna aikin hadin gwiwa kan kiwon lafiya da kyautata rayuwar yara.
A cikin 2016, ta gabatar da kwamfutoci a madadin gwamnati ga shugaban ma'aikatan gwamnati na Ghana, da tebura sama da 500 ga makarantu a mazabarta. A wata karamar biki, ta jaddada mahimmancin ilimi ga 'yan kasar Ghana.
==Iyali==
Ita [[Kirista]] ce wadda ta yi aure da ‘ya’ya shida. Ta yi magana a wasu abubuwan da suka nemi kawo hadin kan addini a yankin, inda ta yaba da zaman lafiya a Ghana.
== Manazarta ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cudjoe Ghansa, Comfort Doyoe}}
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QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User talk:Botu Yadav]] to [[User talk:Poli Hunt]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Botu Yadav|Botu Yadav]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Poli Hunt|Poli Hunt]]"
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Botu Yadav! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Botu Yadav|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 00:01, 22 ga Afirilu, 2022 (UTC)
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'''Frankie Chisenga Musonda''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai [[Mai buga baya|tsaron baya]] ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scottish Championship Raith Rovers. An haife shi a [[Ingila]], yana taka leda a tawagar kasar [[Zambia]].<ref>[[Frankie Musonda]]". 11v11.com AFS
Enterprises. Retrieved 9 February 2018.</ref>
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Luton Town ===
An haife shi a Bedford, Bedfordshire, Musonda ya shiga Luton Town a cikin shekarar 2006 yana da shekaru takwas kuma ya ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa na kulob din. A lokacin da ya ke makarantar horas da ‘yan wasan ya taka leda a wurare da dama, ciki har da dan wasan gaba, kafin ya zauna a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Yana cikin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 11 da ta doke [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] da ci 3-2 a lashe Aarau Masters a 2009. <ref name="Professional"/> Musonda ya samu daukaka zuwa tawagar Luton ta kasa da shekaru 18 a matsayin kwararre na farko a shekarar 2014 kuma an nada shi kyaftin. <ref name="Biography" /> Ya fara 2015–16 yana wasa a ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 da ƙungiyar ta haɓaka tare da manyan ƙwararru. <ref name="Professional" /> Bayan ya jagoranci 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 a wasanni 16 ba tare da an doke su ba, a lokacin da kungiyar ta ci kwallaye bakwai kawai, ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin kwararru na shekara daya da rabi da Luton a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2015. <ref name="Professional" /> Musonda ya ci gaba da zama kyaftin din tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 da ta ci gaba da lashe taken Youth Alliance South East and Youth Alliance Cup, sannan kuma ta kai matakin daf da na kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin matasa ta FA, a ciki. Blackburn Rovers ta sha kashi da ci 1-0. <ref name="Chance"/>
Musonda ya fara shiga cikin tawagar farko ta Luton lokacin da aka sanya shi a benci a ranar tunawa da haihuwarsa ta goma sha takwas a wasan League Two da Northampton Town, kodayake ya kasance mai maye gurbin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba. A ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2016, an gabatar da Musonda a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Pelly Ruddock Mpanzu na mintuna na 94 a wasan da suka ci Mansfield Town da ci 2–0 a yin wasansa na farko na ƙwararru. Ya yi bayyanarsa ta biyu a kakar wasa a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, ya shigo a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin minti na 85 don Dan Potts a cikin rashin nasara da ci 2-0 a gida zuwa Accrington Stanley. An gabatar da Musonda a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Jake Howells na mintuna na 89 a wasan karshe na Luton na kakar wasa, nasara da ci 4-1 a gida ga Exeter City.
Musonda ya zira kwallonsa na farko na ƙwararru akan bayyanarsa ta farko na 2016–17 a cikin nasara 2–1 zuwa Gillingham a gasar EFL a ranar 30 Agusta 2016. Ya kara buga wasanni hudu a gasar EFL, kafin ya shiga kungiyar Braintree Town ta kasa a ranar 3 ga Maris 2017 kan lamunin farko na wata daya. Bayan da ya fara buga wasansa na farko kwana guda a wasan da suka doke Wrexham da ci 2-1 a gida, Musonda ya kammala lamunin nasa a Braintree da bayyanuwa uku.<ref>Next season's youth team squad finalised".
Luton Town F.C. 1 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August
2017.</ref>
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan farkon kakar 2017-18, Musonda ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangila tare da Luton a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 2017 a cigaba da shiga kulob din har zuwa lokacin rani na 2019, tare da zabin karin shekara. Ya koma kulob din Kudancin Oxford a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2018 akan lamunin matasa na wata daya kuma ya fara halarta a karon bayan ya fara a gida da ci 4–1 akan Hemel Hempstead Town kwana daya bayan haka. An tsawaita lamunin a ranar 16 ga Maris har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. Musonda ya buga wasanni 13 kuma ya zura kwallo daya yayin da Oxford ta kare a mataki na 16 a gasar National League ta Kudu. An tsawaita kwantiraginsa da Luton da shekara guda a karshen kakar wasa bayan da aka yi magana game da ci gaban da aka samu sakamakon daukakar kulob din zuwa League One. Ya koma Oxford City a ranar 26 ga Oktoba 2018 a matsayin aro na wata guda. Aron na biyu Musonda da Oxford ya kare ne bayan ya zura kwallo daya a wasanni bakwai. An ba shi aro zuwa wani kulob na Kudancin Kudancin, Hemel Hempstead Town, a ranar 9 ga Janairu 2019 har zuwa ƙarshen 2018-19.<ref>European masters". Luton Today. Johnston Publishing. 24 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018.</ref>
Musonda ya koma St Albans City na National League ta Kudu a kan 18 Oktoba 2019 a kan aro har zuwa Janairu 2020. Wasan nasa na farko ya zo kwana guda bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-0 a hannun Bath City kuma ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 12, ya kammala rancen da wasanni 13 da kwallo daya kafin ya koma Luton. Ya koma St Albans a ranar 6 ga Maris 2020 a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. Luton ya saki Musonda lokacin da kwangilarsa ta kare a watan Yuni 2020.
=== Raith Rovers ===
Musonda ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kungiyar gasar Championship ta Scotland Raith Rovers a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2020 kan kwantiragin shekara daya.
== Ayyukan kasa da ==
An haifi Musonda a Ingila mahaifinsa ɗan Zambia kuma Mahaifiyarsa 'yar [[Ingila]]. An kira shi don wakiltar tawagar kasar [[Zambia]] a watan Maris 2022. Ya buga wa Zambia wasan sada zumunta da ci 3-1 a kan [[Kongo]] a ranar 25 ga Maris 2022, inda ya zura kwallo ta uku a wasansa na farko.
== Kididdigar sana'a ==
{{Updated|match played 4 December 2021}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan="2" |Club
! rowspan="2" |Season
! colspan="3" |League
! colspan="2" |National Cup
! colspan="2" |League Cup
! colspan="2" |Other
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan="6" |Luton Town
|2015–16
|League Two
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|-
|2016–17
|League Two
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|5{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}}
|1
|5
|1
|-
|2017–18
|League Two
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|4{{Efn|name=EFLT}}
|0
|4
|0
|-
|2018–19
|League One
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=EFLT}}
|0
|2
|0
|-
|2019–20
|Championship
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|0
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!3
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!11
!1
!14
!1
|-
|Braintree Town (loan)
|2016–17<ref name="Soccerway" />
|National League
|3
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|3
|0
|-
| rowspan="3" |Oxford City (loan)
|2017–18
|National League South
|12
|1
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Oxfordshire Senior Cup]]}}
|0
|13
|1
|-
|2018–19<ref name="Soccerway" />
|National League South
|5
|1
|2
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|7
|1
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!17
!2
!2
!0
! colspan="2" |—
!1
!0
!20
!2
|-
|Hemel Hempstead Town (loan)
|2018–19
|National League South
|11
|2
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|2{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Trophy]]}}
|0
|13
|2
|-
|St Albans City (loan)
|2019–20
|National League South
|13
|1
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|3{{Efn|One appearance in [[Herts Charity Cup]], one in FA Trophy, one in [[Herts Senior Cup]]}}
|0
|16
|1
|-
| rowspan="3" |Raith Rovers
|2020–21
|Scottish Championship
|22
|3
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|27
|3
|-
|2021–22
|Scottish Championship
|19
|0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|23
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!65
!3
!1
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!79
!3
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!85
!8
!3
!0
!2
!0
!17
!1
!113
!9
|}
== Girmamawa ==
'''Raith Rovers'''
* Kofin Kalubalen Scotland : 2021–22
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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'''Frankie Chisenga Musonda''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai [[Mai buga baya|tsaron baya]] ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scottish Championship Raith Rovers. An haife shi a [[Ingila]], yana taka leda a tawagar kasar [[Zambia]].<ref>[[Frankie Musonda]]". 11v11.com AFS
Enterprises. Retrieved 9 February 2018.</ref>
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Luton Town ===
An haife shi a Bedford, Bedfordshire, Musonda ya shiga Luton Town a cikin shekarar 2006 yana da shekaru takwas kuma ya ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa na kulob din. A lokacin da ya ke makarantar horas da ‘yan wasan ya taka leda a wurare da dama, ciki har da dan wasan gaba, kafin ya zauna a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Yana cikin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 11 da ta doke [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] da ci 3-2 a lashe Aarau Masters a 2009. <ref name="Professional"/> Musonda ya samu daukaka zuwa tawagar Luton ta kasa da shekaru 18 a matsayin kwararre na farko a shekarar 2014 kuma an nada shi kyaftin. <ref name="Biography" /> Ya fara 2015–16 yana wasa a ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 da ƙungiyar ta haɓaka tare da manyan ƙwararru. <ref name="Professional" /> Bayan ya jagoranci 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 a wasanni 16 ba tare da an doke su ba, a lokacin da kungiyar ta ci kwallaye bakwai kawai, ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin kwararru na shekara daya da rabi da Luton a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2015. <ref name="Professional" /> Musonda ya ci gaba da zama kyaftin din tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 da ta ci gaba da lashe taken Youth Alliance South East and Youth Alliance Cup, sannan kuma ta kai matakin daf da na kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin matasa ta FA, a ciki. Blackburn Rovers ta sha kashi da ci 1-0. <ref name="Chance"/>
Musonda ya fara shiga cikin tawagar farko ta Luton lokacin da aka sanya shi a benci a ranar tunawa da haihuwarsa ta goma sha takwas a wasan League Two da Northampton Town, kodayake ya kasance mai maye gurbin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba. A ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2016, an gabatar da Musonda a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Pelly Ruddock Mpanzu na mintuna na 94 a wasan da suka ci Mansfield Town da ci 2–0 a yin wasansa na farko na ƙwararru. Ya yi bayyanarsa ta biyu a kakar wasa a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, ya shigo a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin minti na 85 don Dan Potts a cikin rashin nasara da ci 2-0 a gida zuwa Accrington Stanley. An gabatar da Musonda a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Jake Howells na mintuna na 89 a wasan karshe na Luton na kakar wasa, nasara da ci 4-1 a gida ga Exeter City.
Musonda ya zira kwallonsa na farko na ƙwararru akan bayyanarsa ta farko na 2016–17 a cikin nasara 2–1 zuwa Gillingham a gasar EFL a ranar 30 Agusta 2016. Ya kara buga wasanni hudu a gasar EFL, kafin ya shiga kungiyar Braintree Town ta kasa a ranar 3 ga Maris 2017 kan lamunin farko na wata daya. Bayan da ya fara buga wasansa na farko kwana guda a wasan da suka doke Wrexham da ci 2-1 a gida, Musonda ya kammala lamunin nasa a Braintree da bayyanuwa uku.<ref>Next season's youth team squad finalised".
Luton Town F.C. 1 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August
2017.</ref>
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan farkon kakar 2017-18, Musonda ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangila tare da Luton a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 2017 a cigaba da shiga kulob din har zuwa lokacin rani na 2019, tare da zabin karin shekara. Ya koma kulob din Kudancin Oxford a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2018 akan lamunin matasa na wata daya kuma ya fara halarta a karon bayan ya fara a gida da ci 4–1 akan Hemel Hempstead Town kwana daya bayan haka. An tsawaita lamunin a ranar 16 ga Maris har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. Musonda ya buga wasanni 13 kuma ya zura kwallo daya yayin da Oxford ta kare a mataki na 16 a gasar National League ta Kudu. An tsawaita kwantiraginsa da Luton da shekara guda a karshen kakar wasa bayan da aka yi magana game da ci gaban da aka samu sakamakon daukakar kulob din zuwa League One. Ya koma Oxford City a ranar 26 ga Oktoba 2018 a matsayin aro na wata guda. Aron na biyu Musonda da Oxford ya kare ne bayan ya zura kwallo daya a wasanni bakwai. An ba shi aro zuwa wani kulob na Kudancin Kudancin, Hemel Hempstead Town, a ranar 9 ga Janairu 2019 har zuwa ƙarshen 2018-19.<ref>European masters". Luton Today. Johnston Publishing. 24 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018.</ref>
Musonda ya koma St Albans City na National League ta Kudu a kan 18 Oktoba 2019 a kan aro har zuwa Janairu 2020. Wasan nasa na farko ya zo kwana guda bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-0 a hannun Bath City kuma ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 12, ya kammala rancen da wasanni 13 da kwallo daya kafin ya koma Luton. Ya koma St Albans a ranar 6 ga Maris 2020 a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. Luton ya saki Musonda lokacin da kwangilarsa ta kare a watan Yuni 2020.
=== Raith Rovers ===
Musonda ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kungiyar gasar Championship ta Scotland Raith Rovers a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2020 kan kwantiragin shekara daya.
== Ayyukan kasa da ==
An haifi Musonda a kasar Ingila mahaifinsa ɗan kasar Zambia ne kuma Mahaifiyarsa 'yar [[Ingila]]. An kira shi don wakiltar tawagar kasar [[Zambia]] a watan Maris shekarar 2022. Ya buga wa Zambia wasan sada zumunta da ci 3-1 a kan [[Kongo]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris shekarar 2022, inda ya zura kwallo ta uku a wasansa na farko.
== Kididdigar sana'a ==
{{Updated|match played 4 December 2021}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan="2" |Club
! rowspan="2" |Season
! colspan="3" |League
! colspan="2" |National Cup
! colspan="2" |League Cup
! colspan="2" |Other
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan="6" |Luton Town
|2015–16
|League Two
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|-
|2016–17
|League Two
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|5{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}}
|1
|5
|1
|-
|2017–18
|League Two
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|4{{Efn|name=EFLT}}
|0
|4
|0
|-
|2018–19
|League One
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=EFLT}}
|0
|2
|0
|-
|2019–20
|Championship
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|0
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!3
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!11
!1
!14
!1
|-
|Braintree Town (loan)
|2016–17<ref name="Soccerway" />
|National League
|3
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|3
|0
|-
| rowspan="3" |Oxford City (loan)
|2017–18
|National League South
|12
|1
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Oxfordshire Senior Cup]]}}
|0
|13
|1
|-
|2018–19<ref name="Soccerway" />
|National League South
|5
|1
|2
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|7
|1
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!17
!2
!2
!0
! colspan="2" |—
!1
!0
!20
!2
|-
|Hemel Hempstead Town (loan)
|2018–19
|National League South
|11
|2
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|2{{Efn|Appearances in [[FA Trophy]]}}
|0
|13
|2
|-
|St Albans City (loan)
|2019–20
|National League South
|13
|1
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|3{{Efn|One appearance in [[Herts Charity Cup]], one in FA Trophy, one in [[Herts Senior Cup]]}}
|0
|16
|1
|-
| rowspan="3" |Raith Rovers
|2020–21
|Scottish Championship
|22
|3
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|27
|3
|-
|2021–22
|Scottish Championship
|19
|0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|23
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!65
!3
!1
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!79
!3
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!85
!8
!3
!0
!2
!0
!17
!1
!113
!9
|}
== Girmamawa ==
'''Raith Rovers'''
* Kofin Kalubalen Scotland : 2021–22
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
ppwavxejrtdrcmvcmlbtteu6euv27p2
Christopher Antwi-Adjei
0
32483
165710
158512
2022-08-13T06:58:28Z
BnHamid
12586
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'''Christopher Antwi-Adjei''' (an haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun, 1994). ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta VfL Bochum.<ref name=":0">Meister VfL Bochum holt Sprinter [[Christopher Antwi-Adjei]] aus Paderborn". kicker (in German). 26 May 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021</ref> An haife shi a Jamus, Antwi-Adjei ya wakilci tawagar ƙasar [[Ghana]].<ref>[[Christopher Antwi-Adjei]]". worldfootball.net .
HEIM:SPIEL. Retrieved 22 July 2017</ref>
== Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya ==
A cikin Mayu 2021, VfL Bochum, wanda aka inganta zuwa Bundesliga, ya sanar da sanya hannun a Antwi-Adjei na kakar 2021-22.<ref name=":0"/> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila har zuwa 2024 kuma ya shiga kan canja wuri kyauta daga SC Paderborn.<ref name=":0"/>
== Ayyukan kasa ==
Antwi-Adjei ya fara buga wa tawagar Ghana tamaula a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2019 a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar AFCON da São Tomé and Principe.<ref>[[São Tomé and Príncipe]] v [[Ghana]] game report". ESPN. 18 November 2019</ref>
== Kididdigar sana'a/Aiki ==
{{Updated|2 July 2021}}<ref name="wf"/>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Bayyanar da burin ta kulob, kakar da gasar
! rowspan="2" | Kulob
! rowspan="2" | Kaka
! colspan="3" | Kungiyar
! colspan="2" | Kofin kasa
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
|-
! Rarraba
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
|-
| SC Westfalia Herne
| 2013-14
| Oberliga Westfalen
| 31
| 4
| colspan="2" | -
| 31
| 4
|-
| rowspan="4" | Farashin TSG Sprockhövel
| 2014-15
| rowspan="2" | Oberliga Westfalen
| 27
| 4
| colspan="2" | -
| 27
| 4
|-
| 2015-16
| 33
| 12
| colspan="2" | -
| 33
| 12
|-
| 2016-17
| Regionalliga West
| 29
| 8
| colspan="2" | -
| 29
| 8
|-
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
! 89
! 24
! 0
! 0
! 89
! 24
|-
| rowspan="5" | SC Paderborn
| 2017-18
| 3. Laliga
| 36
| 8
| 4
| 1
| 40
| 9
|-
| 2018-19
| 2. Bundesliga
| 31
| 10
| 4
| 1
| 35
| 11
|-
| 2019-20
| Bundesliga
| 34
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 36
| 2
|-
| 2020-21
| 2. Bundesliga
| 31
| 4
| 3
| 0
| 34
| 4
|-
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
! 132
! 23
! 13
! 3
! 145
! 26
|-
! colspan="3" | Jimlar sana'a
! 252
! 52
! 13
! 3
! 265
! 55
|}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{NFT player|76251}}
[[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Jamus]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
ozyzvpz95tbwo75okfbrcpfzb2u33ek
165766
165710
2022-08-13T09:17:04Z
Muhammad Idriss Criteria
15878
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'''Christopher Antwi-Adjei''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun, 1994) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta VfL Bochum.<ref name=":0">Meister VfL Bochum holt Sprinter [[Christopher Antwi-Adjei]] aus Paderborn". kicker (in German). 26 May 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021</ref> An haife shi a Jamus, Antwi-Adjei ya wakilci tawagar ƙasar [[Ghana]].<ref>[[Christopher Antwi-Adjei]]". worldfootball.net .
HEIM:SPIEL. Retrieved 22 July 2017</ref>
== Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya ==
A cikin Mayu 2021, VfL Bochum, wanda aka inganta zuwa Bundesliga, ya sanar da sanya hannun a Antwi-Adjei na kakar 2021-22.<ref name=":0"/> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila har zuwa 2024 kuma ya shiga kan canja wuri kyauta daga SC Paderborn.<ref name=":0"/>
== Ayyukan kasa ==
Antwi-Adjei ya fara buga wa tawagar Ghana tamaula a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2019 a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar AFCON da São Tomé and Principe.<ref>[[São Tomé and Príncipe]] v [[Ghana]] game report". ESPN. 18 November 2019</ref>
== Kididdigar sana'a/Aiki ==
{{Updated|2 July 2021}}<ref name="wf"/>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Bayyanar da burin ta kulob, kakar da gasar
! rowspan="2" | Kulob
! rowspan="2" | Kaka
! colspan="3" | Kungiyar
! colspan="2" | Kofin kasa
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
|-
! Rarraba
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
|-
| SC Westfalia Herne
| 2013-14
| Oberliga Westfalen
| 31
| 4
| colspan="2" | -
| 31
| 4
|-
| rowspan="4" | Farashin TSG Sprockhövel
| 2014-15
| rowspan="2" | Oberliga Westfalen
| 27
| 4
| colspan="2" | -
| 27
| 4
|-
| 2015-16
| 33
| 12
| colspan="2" | -
| 33
| 12
|-
| 2016-17
| Regionalliga West
| 29
| 8
| colspan="2" | -
| 29
| 8
|-
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
! 89
! 24
! 0
! 0
! 89
! 24
|-
| rowspan="5" | SC Paderborn
| 2017-18
| 3. Laliga
| 36
| 8
| 4
| 1
| 40
| 9
|-
| 2018-19
| 2. Bundesliga
| 31
| 10
| 4
| 1
| 35
| 11
|-
| 2019-20
| Bundesliga
| 34
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 36
| 2
|-
| 2020-21
| 2. Bundesliga
| 31
| 4
| 3
| 0
| 34
| 4
|-
! colspan="2" | Jimlar
! 132
! 23
! 13
! 3
! 145
! 26
|-
! colspan="3" | Jimlar sana'a
! 252
! 52
! 13
! 3
! 265
! 55
|}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{NFT player|76251}}
[[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Jamus]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
bzatfduy92t6gapk1kb8724oxvcylgw
Cristian Ebea
0
32973
165749
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BnHamid
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'''Cristian San Francisco Ngua Ebea Metehe''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Cristian Ebea''' ko '''Cris Ebea''' (an haife shi ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu, 2001).<ref>[[Cristian Ebea]] at BDFutbol. Retrieved 30 March
2022.</ref> ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Equatoguine [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wanda]] ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|dama]] ga ƙungiyar Segunda División <ref>[[Cristian Ebea]] at Soccerway. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>RFEF ta Sipaniya ta UP Langreo da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea.<ref>[[Cristian Ebea]], otra perla del UP Langre convocada por Guinea Ecuatorial". Golsmedia (in
Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>
== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Ebea a [[Madrid]], Spain iyayensa'yan Equatoguinean Fang, amma ya koma Equatorial Guinea jim kadan bayan. <ref name="YT">{{YouTube|id=TsuUiuC8pbQ|title=ENTREVISTA AL JUGADOR DEL UP LANGREO CRISTIAN EBEA ⚽️⚽️🇬🇶🇬🇶}}</ref> Ya halarci kwalejin enfants na E'Waiso Ipola a Malabo. Ya tafi [[Valencia]] a 6 kuma ya koma Madrid a 8. <ref name="YT"/> Bayan haka, babban ɗan'uwansa ya sanya shi cikin CP Parla Escuela.<ref>Dorian ha sido seleccionado por Guinea Ecuatorialnpara jugar dos partidos de la fase de Clasificaciónnpara el Mundial de Catar, ante Túnez y [[Mauritaniya]]" (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.</ref> <ref name="YT"/>
== Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya ==
Ebea Parla Escuela ne, CD Móstoles URJC, CF Trival Valderas, Academia InterSoccer Madrid da samfurin Getafe CF. <ref name="G"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">[https://golsmedia.com/futuras-estrellas/2022/03/28/cristian-ebea-otra-perla-up-langreo-convocada-por-guinea-ecuatorial/ "Cristian Ebea, otra perla del UP Langreo convocada por Guinea Ecuatorial"]. </cite></ref> Ya buga wa Langreo da EI San Martín wasa a Spain.
== Ayyukan kasa ==
Ebea ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Equatorial Guinea a ranar 29 ga Maris 2022, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin na mintuna 74 a wasan sada zumunci da suka tashi 0-0 da Angola.<ref>0-0: El Nzalang empató ayer ante Angola" (in
Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>
== Kididdigar sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Ƙasashen Duniya ===
{{Updated|29 March 2022}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" |Equatorial Guinea
|-
! Shekara
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
|-
| 2022
| 1
| 0
|-
! Jimlar
! 1
! 0
|}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* Cristian Ebea on Instagram
==Manazarta==
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
p4jb72e78vgv1kdvng5zqbu92e53qe1
165767
165749
2022-08-13T09:20:19Z
Muhammad Idriss Criteria
15878
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'''Cristian San Francisco Ngua Ebea Metehe''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Cristian Ebea''' ko '''Cris Ebea''' (an haife shi ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu, 2001)<ref>[[Cristian Ebea]] at BDFutbol. Retrieved 30 March
2022.</ref> ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Equatoguine [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wanda]] ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|dama]] ga ƙungiyar Segunda División <ref>[[Cristian Ebea]] at Soccerway. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>RFEF ta Sipaniya ta UP Langreo da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea.<ref>[[Cristian Ebea]], otra perla del UP Langre convocada por Guinea Ecuatorial". Golsmedia (in
Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>
== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Ebea a [[Madrid]], Spain iyayensa'yan Equatoguinean Fang, amma ya koma Equatorial Guinea jim kadan bayan. <ref name="YT">{{YouTube|id=TsuUiuC8pbQ|title=ENTREVISTA AL JUGADOR DEL UP LANGREO CRISTIAN EBEA ⚽️⚽️🇬🇶🇬🇶}}</ref> Ya halarci kwalejin enfants na E'Waiso Ipola a Malabo. Ya tafi [[Valencia]] a 6 kuma ya koma Madrid a 8. <ref name="YT"/> Bayan haka, babban ɗan'uwansa ya sanya shi cikin CP Parla Escuela.<ref>Dorian ha sido seleccionado por Guinea Ecuatorialnpara jugar dos partidos de la fase de Clasificaciónnpara el Mundial de Catar, ante Túnez y [[Mauritaniya]]" (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.</ref> <ref name="YT"/>
== Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya ==
Ebea Parla Escuela ne, CD Móstoles URJC, CF Trival Valderas, Academia InterSoccer Madrid da samfurin Getafe CF. <ref name="G"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">[https://golsmedia.com/futuras-estrellas/2022/03/28/cristian-ebea-otra-perla-up-langreo-convocada-por-guinea-ecuatorial/ "Cristian Ebea, otra perla del UP Langreo convocada por Guinea Ecuatorial"]. </cite></ref> Ya buga wa Langreo da EI San Martín wasa a Spain.
== Ayyukan kasa ==
Ebea ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Equatorial Guinea a ranar 29 ga Maris 2022, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin na mintuna 74 a wasan sada zumunci da suka tashi 0-0 da Angola.<ref>0-0: El Nzalang empató ayer ante Angola" (in
Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref>
== Kididdigar sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Ƙasashen Duniya ===
{{Updated|29 March 2022}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" |Equatorial Guinea
|-
! Shekara
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
|-
| 2022
| 1
| 0
|-
! Jimlar
! 1
! 0
|}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* Cristian Ebea on Instagram
==Manazarta==
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
thmey4mygb0kfq2y6uk195rfz74m2h9
Chumburung
0
33002
165716
152501
2022-08-13T07:08:27Z
BnHamid
12586
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'''Chumburung''' masarauta ce da kuma yankin gargajiya a yammacin gundumar Kpandae a yankin Arewacin Ghana. Ita ce mahaifar Chumburu, amma Bassari, Gonjas, Kokombas da Nawuri (s) suma 'yan asalin yankin ne. Landasa, duk da haka, ana iya samun izini kawai tare da izinin shugaban ƙauyen da sarki, waɗanda ke zama 'yan ƙasa da kuma jami'an masarautar Chumburung. Chumburung kuma sunan yaren Chumburu ne.
==Bangarori==
Masarautar Chumburung ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka da yawa a ɓangarorin biyu na Kogin Dakar, daga Kojobonipe a Arewa zuwa Lonto a Kudu maso Yamma da Wiae a Gabas, duka a gabar tafkin Voltaire. Sauran garuruwa da ƙauyuka a cikin masarautar, kusan daga Arewa zuwa Kudu, sune Ekumdepe (Kumdi a takaice), Ba(n)kamba, Chakori, Nanjiro, Tori, Jamboae da Kachanka.<ref>http://www.northernghanapeoples.co.uk/ , section about Chumburung, must be corrected in a number of ways. Most important, the kingdom of Chumburung does not spread across Lake Volta toward [[Banda, Ghana|Banda]] and beyond. These parts of [[Volta Region]] belong to the kingdom and traditional area of [[Krachi (disambiguation)|Krachi]]. Furthermore, [[Kabesi]] is an exclave of the [[Nawuri]] kingdom around the town of [[Kpandae]].</ref>
==Kayan more rayuwa==
Chumburing ya yi nisa da duniyar zamani ta fuskoki da dama. ’Yan tsirarun hanyoyin da ake da su a yankin ba za a iya amfani da su ne da manyan motoci ba, kamar manyan motoci, motocin bas na Benz da ke da kyau, manyan motocin daukar kaya da kuma motocin 4WD. Tunda ƴan ƙalilan ne ke iya samun irin waɗannan hanyoyin sufuri don amfanin masu zaman kansu, abin hawa mafi shaharar babur. Harkokin sufurin jama'a ya ƙunshi Benz guda ɗaya kowace rana tsakanin Kpandae da Salaga (yana barin Kpandae da wayewar gari, yana isa Salaga da misalin karfe 10 na safe, kuma yana dawowa da rana) da motar bas guda ɗaya ta Benz kowace rana tsakanin Banda da Salaga, tana hidimar kusan dukkanin ƙauyukan Chumburung (ta bar Banda). da alfijir da kuma dawowa da yamma).
Har ya zuwa yanzu (Afrilu, 2014), Chumburung ba ta da alaka da kowace hanyar sadarwa ta wutar lantarki, kuma kadan daga cikin mazauna garin ne ke da nasu na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki, amma hukumar kogin Volta na ci gaba da hada wasu garuruwan zuwa mashin din ta. Kamfanin waya daya tilo da ke aiki a yankin shine MTN, amma mazaunan Wiae na iya samun labari daga tashar Airtel Africa da ke Banda.
==Makaranta==
Makarantun farko a Chumburing malaman Ashanti ne suka kafa a shekarun 1980; Daga baya wasu kuma suka fara koyarwa a cikin harsunan gida ciki har da Chumburung.
== Manazarta ==
9ivghb4pag6jeo1dp6quw1wlgqcvmnv
Christopher Missilou
0
33093
165711
159857
2022-08-13T07:01:06Z
BnHamid
12586
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'''Christopher Gaël Missilou''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Yulin, 1992). ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. Shi tsohon matashin Faransa ne na duniya kuma cikakken ɗan ƙasar Kongo. Missilou ya zo ta hanyar matasa a Auxerre, kafin ya buga wasa guda a Ligue 1. Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Stade Brestois, Montceau Bourgogne, L'Etente SSG, Le Puy Foot, Oldham Athletic, Northampton Town, Swindon Town da Newport County.<ref>"Notification of shirt numbers: Oldham Athletic" (PDF). English Football League. p. 50. Retrieved 24 October 2019.</ref>
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Oldham Athletic ===
A ranar 13 ga watan Yuli 2018, bayan gwaji mai nasara, Missilou ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar Oldham Athletic ta League Two.<ref>SIGNING: Latics Sign Midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]]".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> A kakar wasa ta farko shi ne na farko tawagar na yau da kullum kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a cikin tawagar ta Standout 2-1 nasara a Premier League Fulham, a gasar cin kofin FA.<ref>"Tactical analysis: Fulham 1 Oldham Athletic 2". The Coaches' Voice. 2019-01-08. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> Missilou ya zura kwallo daya a raga, a wasan farko na Paul Scholes da ya jagoranci Oldham, nasara da ci 4-1 a Yeovil Town<ref>"Oldham Athletic 4-1 Yeovil Town: Paul Scholes wins first game as manager". 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
A ƙarshen kakar 2018/19 an yi amfani da zaɓin tsawaita kwangila<ref>"UPDATE: Retained List".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk . Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
=== Northampton Town ===
A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2020, Missilou ya koma League One club Northampton Town kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>Casey, Jeremy (27 July 2020). "Boss Keith Curle
delighted as 'good fit' [[Christopher Missilou]] signs for the Cobblers". Northampton Chronicle & Echo</ref>
=== Swindon Town ===
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu 2021, Missilou ya shiga ƙungiyar Swindon Town na dindindin.<ref>Town bring in midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]] from
Northampton". Swindon Town FC. 1 February 2021.
Retrieved 2 February 2021.</ref> A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu 2021 aka sanar da cewa zai bar Swindon a karshen kakar wasa ta bana, bayan karewar kwantiraginsa.<ref>2021 Retained and Released List".</ref>
=== Newport Country ===
A ranar 2 ga watan Yulin 2021, Missilou ya koma ƙungiyar League Two Newport County kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>DONE DEAL [[Christopher Missilou]] joins Exiles on one-year deal". Newport County A.F.C. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Newport a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 2021 a farkon jerin wasannin zagayen farko na cin Kofin EFL da ci 1-0 da Ipswich Town. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58065887 Newport debut]</ref> A ranar 13 ga Disamba 2021, an soke kwantiraginsa na Newport ta hanyar yardar juna.<ref>Club Statement: [[Christopher Missilou]]". Newport County AFC. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 14
December 2021.</ref>
=== Komawa Oldham Athletic ===
Missilou ya koma Oldham a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 2022 na sauran kakar 2021-22. <ref>[https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2022/january/12012022-missilou-returns-to-latics/ Missilou rejoins Oldham]</ref> An saki Missilou ne bayan faduwa a karshen kakar wasa ta bana.<ref>"2022 Retained & Released List". www.oldhamathletic.co.uk 23 May 2022.</ref>
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Soccerway|christopher-missilou/148550}}
* Christopher Missilou at Soccerbase
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120722032528/http://www.fff.fr/individus/selections/visu_fiche.php?id_cat=8&in_no=2308126212 France profile] at FFF
* Christopher Missilou at L'Équipe Football (in French)
* {{NFT player}}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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'''Christopher Gaël Missilou''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Yulin, 1992). ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. Shi tsohon matashin Faransa ne na duniya kuma cikakken ɗan ƙasar Kongo. Missilou ya zo ta hanyar matasa a Auxerre, kafin ya buga wasa guda a Ligue 1. Yayi wasan kwaikwayo a Stade Brestois, Montceau Bourgogne, L'Etente SSG, Le Puy Foot, Oldham Athletic, Northampton Town, Swindon Town da Newport County.<ref>"Notification of shirt numbers: Oldham Athletic" (PDF). English Football League. p. 50. Retrieved 24 October 2019.</ref>
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Oldham Athletic ===
A ranar 13 ga watan Yuli 2018, bayan gwaji mai nasara, Missilou ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar Oldham Athletic ta League Two.<ref>SIGNING: Latics Sign Midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]]".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> A kakar wasa ta farko shi ne na farko tawagar na yau da kullum kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a cikin tawagar ta Standout 2-1 nasara a Premier League Fulham, a gasar cin kofin FA.<ref>"Tactical analysis: Fulham 1 Oldham Athletic 2". The Coaches' Voice. 2019-01-08. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> Missilou ya zura kwallo daya a raga, a wasan farko na Paul Scholes da ya jagoranci Oldham, nasara da ci 4-1 a Yeovil Town<ref>"Oldham Athletic 4-1 Yeovil Town: Paul Scholes wins first game as manager". 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
A ƙarshen kakar 2018/19 an yi amfani da zaɓin tsawaita kwangila<ref>"UPDATE: Retained List".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk . Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
=== Northampton Town ===
A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2020, Missilou ya koma League One club Northampton Town kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>Casey, Jeremy (27 July 2020). "Boss Keith Curle
delighted as 'good fit' [[Christopher Missilou]] signs for the Cobblers". Northampton Chronicle & Echo</ref>
=== Swindon Town ===
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu 2021, Missilou ya shiga ƙungiyar Swindon Town na dindindin.<ref>Town bring in midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]] from
Northampton". Swindon Town FC. 1 February 2021.
Retrieved 2 February 2021.</ref> A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu 2021 aka sanar da cewa zai bar Swindon a karshen kakar wasa ta bana, bayan karewar kwantiraginsa.<ref>2021 Retained and Released List".</ref>
=== Newport Country ===
A ranar 2 ga watan Yulin 2021, Missilou ya koma ƙungiyar League Two Newport County kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>DONE DEAL [[Christopher Missilou]] joins Exiles on one-year deal". Newport County A.F.C. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Newport a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 2021 a farkon jerin wasannin zagayen farko na cin Kofin EFL da ci 1-0 da Ipswich Town. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58065887 Newport debut]</ref> A ranar 13 ga Disamba 2021, an soke kwantiraginsa na Newport ta hanyar yardar juna.<ref>Club Statement: [[Christopher Missilou]]". Newport County AFC. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 14
December 2021.</ref>
=== Komawa Oldham Athletic ===
Missilou ya koma Oldham a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 2022 na sauran kakar 2021-22. <ref>[https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2022/january/12012022-missilou-returns-to-latics/ Missilou rejoins Oldham]</ref> An saki Missilou ne bayan faduwa a karshen kakar wasa ta bana.<ref>"2022 Retained & Released List". www.oldhamathletic.co.uk 23 May 2022.</ref>
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Soccerway|christopher-missilou/148550}}
* Christopher Missilou at Soccerbase
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120722032528/http://www.fff.fr/individus/selections/visu_fiche.php?id_cat=8&in_no=2308126212 France profile] at FFF
* Christopher Missilou at L'Équipe Football (in French)
* {{NFT player}}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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'''Christopher Gaël Missilou''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Yulin, 1992) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. Shi tsohon matashin Faransa ne na duniya kuma cikakken ɗan ƙasar Kongo. Missilou ya zo ta hanyar matasa a Auxerre, kafin ya buga wasa guda a Ligue 1. Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Stade Brestois, Montceau Bourgogne, L'Etente SSG, Le Puy Foot, Oldham Athletic, Northampton Town, Swindon Town da Newport County.<ref>"Notification of shirt numbers: Oldham Athletic" (PDF). English Football League. p. 50. Retrieved 24 October 2019.</ref>
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
=== Oldham Athletic ===
A ranar 13 ga watan Yuli 2018, bayan gwaji mai nasara, Missilou ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar Oldham Athletic ta League Two.<ref>SIGNING: Latics Sign Midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]]".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> A kakar wasa ta farko shi ne na farko tawagar na yau da kullum kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a cikin tawagar ta Standout 2-1 nasara a Premier League Fulham, a gasar cin kofin FA.<ref>"Tactical analysis: Fulham 1 Oldham Athletic 2". The Coaches' Voice. 2019-01-08. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref> Missilou ya zura kwallo daya a raga, a wasan farko na Paul Scholes da ya jagoranci Oldham, nasara da ci 4-1 a Yeovil Town<ref>"Oldham Athletic 4-1 Yeovil Town: Paul Scholes wins first game as manager". 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
A ƙarshen kakar 2018/19 an yi amfani da zaɓin tsawaita kwangila<ref>"UPDATE: Retained List".
www.oldhamathletic.co.uk . Retrieved 2019-07-23.</ref>
=== Northampton Town ===
A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2020, Missilou ya koma League One club Northampton Town kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>Casey, Jeremy (27 July 2020). "Boss Keith Curle
delighted as 'good fit' [[Christopher Missilou]] signs for the Cobblers". Northampton Chronicle & Echo</ref>
=== Swindon Town ===
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu 2021, Missilou ya shiga ƙungiyar Swindon Town na dindindin.<ref>Town bring in midfielder [[Christopher Missilou]] from
Northampton". Swindon Town FC. 1 February 2021.
Retrieved 2 February 2021.</ref> A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu 2021 aka sanar da cewa zai bar Swindon a karshen kakar wasa ta bana, bayan karewar kwantiraginsa.<ref>2021 Retained and Released List".</ref>
=== Newport Country ===
A ranar 2 ga watan Yulin 2021, Missilou ya koma ƙungiyar League Two Newport County kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.<ref>DONE DEAL [[Christopher Missilou]] joins Exiles on one-year deal". Newport County A.F.C. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Newport a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 2021 a farkon jerin wasannin zagayen farko na cin Kofin EFL da ci 1-0 da Ipswich Town. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58065887 Newport debut]</ref> A ranar 13 ga Disamba 2021, an soke kwantiraginsa na Newport ta hanyar yardar juna.<ref>Club Statement: [[Christopher Missilou]]". Newport County AFC. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 14
December 2021.</ref>
=== Komawa Oldham Athletic ===
Missilou ya koma Oldham a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 2022 na sauran kakar 2021-22. <ref>[https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2022/january/12012022-missilou-returns-to-latics/ Missilou rejoins Oldham]</ref> An saki Missilou ne bayan faduwa a karshen kakar wasa ta bana.<ref>"2022 Retained & Released List". www.oldhamathletic.co.uk 23 May 2022.</ref>
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Soccerway|christopher-missilou/148550}}
* Christopher Missilou at Soccerbase
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120722032528/http://www.fff.fr/individus/selections/visu_fiche.php?id_cat=8&in_no=2308126212 France profile] at FFF
* Christopher Missilou at L'Équipe Football (in French)
* {{NFT player}}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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[[Category:Articles with hCards]]
'''Cyril Ikechukwu Nri''' (an haife shi 25 ga Afrilu 1961) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne ɗan ƙasar Biritaniya, [[marubuci]] kuma [[darakta]] wanda ya shahara da buga Sufeto Adam Okaro a cikin jerin talabijin na [[Ɗan sanda|'yan sanda]] ''The Bill.''
== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Nri a ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1961 a [[Najeriya]]. Iyalin Nri [[Inyamurai|Igbo]]; sun gudu ne a shekarar 1968 kafin karshen yakin basasar [[Najeriya]]. <ref>Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 26 September 2010.</ref> Ya koma [[Portugal]] yana ɗan shekara bakwai, daga baya kuma ya tafi [[Landan]].
Nri ya halarci Makarantar Holland Park a Yammacin London kuma ya fito a cikin samar da makarantar ''Penny Opera ta Uku''. Ya halarci Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matasa Vic a Waterloo, London. Ya yi horo a Makarantar Tsohon Vic Theatre School. Nri ya zauna a kudancin London tun a shekarun 1980.
== Sana'a/Aiki ==
Ya shahara da taka rawar Sufeto Adam Okaro, daga baya babban Sufeto, a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 'yan sanda na ITV mai suna ''The Bill''. Hakanan yana da rawar gani a matsayin Graham, abokin aikin lauya na Miles da Anna, a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na BBC TV na ''wannan Rayuwa''.
Bayan makarantar wasan kwaikwayo a Bristol Old Vic Nri ya fara rayuwa a Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare inda aikinsa na farko shine Lucius a cikin samar da ''Julius Kaisar'' na Ron Daniel 1982. Ya buga Ariel zuwa Max Von Sydow 's Prospero a cikin samar da Jonathan Miller na 1988 na ''The Tempest''.<ref>Brantley, Ben (28 April 2013). "This Caesar Wears an African Cloak". The New York Times</ref>
A cikin shekarar 2008, ya zama tauraro tare da wasu tsoffin masu son ''Bill'' Philip Whitchurch da Russell Boulter a cikin wani shiri na ''Waking the Dead'' na BBC1.
A 2009 ya bayyana a cikin ''The Observer'' a Royal National Theater.<ref>Crims Episode Three". BBC. Retrieved 25 January
2015.</ref>
A cikin shekarar 2009 da 2010 ya fito a cikin ''Law &amp; Order UK'' a matsayin Alkalin Demarco kuma ya sake maimaita wannan rawar a cikin jerin 2012 da 2013 na wasan kwaikwayon.<ref>Gordon and French: [[Cyril Nri]]. Archived from the original on 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August
2016.</ref>
A cikin watan Fabrairu 2010 ya zama tauraro a cikin ''Doctors''.
A cikin watan Nuwamba 2010, ya bayyana a cikin Series 4 na ''The Sarah Jane Adventures'', a cikin "Lost in Time" aukuwa. Daga baya ya sake bayyana a watan Oktoban 2011, a cikin shirin farko na Series 5, "Sky".
A cikin shekarun 2012-13 ya buga Cassius a cikin samar da Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare na Greg Doran na Kamfanin <nowiki><i id="mwSA">Julius Caesar</i></nowiki> a Stratford akan Avon, London da New York, inda a cikin bita na ''New York Times'' Ben Brantley ya ce game da Nri, "Maganar Mista Nri yayin da yake yin rajista. Kalaman Kaisar na wani mutum ne da ya ji an matse wuyansa. Mai hankali da wayo, mai firgita da rikon sakainar kashi, Mista Nri kyakkyawan Cassius ne, yana kama yanayi na rudani da siyasa da ke kara kaurin iska."
A cikin shekarar 2016, ya sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Gidan Talabijin ta Burtaniya saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin Lance a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV na Russell T. Davies <nowiki><i id="mwUQ">Cucumber</i></nowiki>. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin wani shiri na <nowiki><i id="mwUw">Goodnight Sweetheart</i></nowiki> yana wasa da likita a asibiti inda Yvonne Sparrow ta rasa ɗanta na ciki (jeri na 4).
A cikin shekarar 2016 ya buga Polonius a cikin samar da Simon Godwin na ''Hamlet'' na Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare.
A ƙarshen Oktoba 2016 ya fara fitowa a matsayin mai maimaita hali a cikin ''Doctor Who'' spin-off ''Class''.
A cikin shekarar 2017, shi ma yana da ƙaramin rawa a cikin wani shiri na dogon lokaci na shirin binciken BBC ''Mutuwa a Aljanna'', yana wasa da magajin gari mai cin hanci da rashawa.
A cikin shekarar 2020, ya fito barista a wasan kwaikwayo na BBC ''Noughts and Crosses''.
A cikin shekarar 2021, ya buga Sheldon a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National Theatre na samar da matsala a hankali ta Alice Childress.
==Iyali==
Nri ya yi aure, kuma yanzu ya bayyana a matsayin ɗan luwaɗi. Yana da yara biyu manya.<ref>100 Great Black Britons".
100greatblackbritons.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2015.</ref><ref>Positive Nation: Search Results". positivenation.co.uk Archived from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2015.</ref>
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{IMDb name|id=0637666}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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{{databox}}
Tawagar '''kwallon kwando ta Gambia na''' wakiltar [[Gambiya|Gambia]] a gasar kasa da kasa. Ƙungiyar Kwando ta Gambia (GBA) ce ke gudanar da ita. <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/nfProf.asp?nationalFederationNumber=285 FIBA National Federations–The Gambia], fiba.com, accessed 5 July 2013.</ref>
Mafi kyawun wasan da ƙungiyar ta yi a duniya har zuwa yau shine matsayi na 9 a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Afirka ta 1978.<ref>[[FIBA]] Ranking Presented by Nike". [[FIBA]]. 1 March
2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.</ref>
'Yan wasan kwando na Gambia da dama suna buga wa ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyi a duk faɗin Turai.<ref>[[Jamus|Germany]], SPIEGEL ONLINE, [[Hamburg]]. "Basketball-
Talent Schröder: Aus der Halfpipe in die Bundesliga -SPIEGEL ONLINE - Sport"</ref> Amma duk da haka, karo na karshe da 'yan wasan kasar suka yi yunkurin tsallakewa zuwa gasar kwallon kwando ta Afirka a hukumance tun shekara ta 2005.
Shahararren dan wasan kwallon kwando da tushen Gambia shine dan wasan NBA Dennis Schröder, wanda mahaifiyarsa ta girma a Gambia.<ref>[[Gambiya|Gambia]]-2005 [[FIBA]] Africa Championship for Men: Qualifying Round, ARCHIVE.FIBA.COM. Retrieved 6 April 2016.</ref>
=== Gasar Cin Kofin Afrika FIBA ===
{| class="wikitable" width="70%"
!Shekara
! Matsayi
! Gasar
! Mai watsa shiri
|- bgcolor="#CEDAB0" valign="top"
| 1978
| 9
| FIBA Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka 1978
| [[Dakar]], Senegal
|- bgcolor="" valign="top"
| 2020
| Don a Ƙaddara
| Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta FIBA 2020
| Don a Ƙaddara
|}
{{FIBA roster header|nat=n|team=Gambia|color1=white|bg1=blue|color2=white|bg2=green}}
<!-- list of players -->
{{FIBA player|df=y|num=|name=Mawdo Sallah|pos=F/C|m=2.03|kgs=|year=1994|month=1|date=13|compyear=2020|compmonth=1|compdate=1|club=Radford Highlanders men's basketball|nat=USA}}
<!-- end list of players -->
{{FIBA roster footer|otherlegend=*'''Club''' – describes current club
*'''Age''' – describes age on 1 January 2020}}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [https://www.facebook.com/GambiaBasketballAssociation Gabatarwa a Facebook]
* [http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//tid/285/_//teams.html An adana bayanan] shiga tawagar Gambia
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/* Manazartai */
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{{Infobox website|name=African Food Network|logo=Afri Food Network.jpg|logocaption=|screenshot=|caption=|url={{URL|www.afrifoodnetwork.com}}|commercial=Yes|type=Food website|registration=|language=English|num_users=|content_license=|owner=Kevin Eze|author=|editor=|launch_date={{Start date and age|2017|01||df=yes/no}}|alexa=|revenue=|current_status=Online|footnotes=}}
'''Cibiyar Abinci ta Afri wacce''' aka fi sani da '''Cibiyar Abinci ta Afirka''', wato gidan yanar gizon da aka sadaukar don abinci da salon rayuwar Afirka. Kevin Eze ne ya kaddamar da shafin a cikin Janairu 2017 a [[Abuja]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] .
== Tarihi ==
Cibiyar Abinci ta Afirka ta fara ne a matsayin gidan yanar gizo kawai wanda ke aiwatar da girke-girke 50 a cikin 2017 kuma yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kundin girke-girke na abinci na Afirka akan layi tare da girke-girke sama da 500 waɗanda aka samo daga marubuta daban-daban. An ƙirƙiri cibiyar sadarwar abinci ta Afirka don sake fayyace ra'ayin duniya game da Abincin Afirka, masu dafa abinci na gargajiya” wanda ya kafa ya ambata.
== Abubuwan da Aka Gudanar ==
* Bikin Abinci da Abin sha na Afirka
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin gidajen yanar gizo game da abinci da abin sha
== Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
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Clive Needle
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'''Clive Needle''' (an haife shi ranar 22 ga watan Satumban, 1956) a Romford, Essex. tsohon ɗan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]]. Ya kasance ɗan Majalisa a Tarayyar Turai (MEP) na mazaɓar Norfolk daga shekarar 1994 zuwa 1999.
==Farkon rayuwa da Karatu==
An haife shi a Romford, Needled yayi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Southend sannan a Jami'ar Aston. Ya zama mai shirya jam'iyyar Labour a Norfolk, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba al'umma shawara.<ref>''BBC-Vacher's Biographical Guide 1996''. London: BBC Political Research Unit and Vacher's Publications. 1996. pp. 6–28. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0951520857|<bdi>0951520857</bdi>]].</ref>
==Fagen Siyasa==
===Takara===
Bayan tsayawa takara da yin amfani da taken yakin neman zabe, "Be sharp - ku zabi Needel!",<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 November 2007. Retrieved 18 January 2008.</ref> An zaɓi Needle a matsayin MEP don Norfolk a cikin 1994, ta doke ɗan takarar Conservative Paul Howell na wa'adi uku, ɗa ga Ralph Howell ɗan majalisar Conservative na Arewacin Norfolk wanda ke cikin mazabar Norfolk Turai. Ya sake tsayawa takara a zaben 1999 sannan a shekara ta 2004 inda bai samu nasara ba, ya tsaya takara a mazabar Gabashin Ingila.<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 September 2005. Retrieved 18 January 2008.</ref>
===Mulki===
A lokacin mulki sa a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, Needle ya kasance memba na kwamitin raya kasa da hadin gwiwa sannan kuma daga baya kwamitin kula da muhalli, lafiyar jama'a, da kare lafiyar masu amfani. Ya kuma zama mataimakin shugaban tawagar kan hulda da Transcaucasus.<ref>"Clive John Needle". ''European Parliament MEPs''. Retrieved 4 August 2015.</ref>
== Rayuwa bayan Majalisar Turai ==
Needle ya zamo Babban Mashawarcin Siyasa ga EuroHealthNet, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke inganta daidaiton lafiya a Turai.<ref>"Clive Needle". ''www.eurohealthnet.eu''. Retrieved 4 August 2015.</ref> Yana zaune a na dan wasu lokuta a Brussels da kuma wani bangare a Ingila tare da iyalinsa.
==Iyali==
== Manzarta ==
<references />
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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{{Databox}}
'''Clive Needle''' (an haife shi ranar 22 ga watan Satumban, 1956) a Romford, Essex. tsohon ɗan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]]. Ya kasance ɗan Majalisa a Tarayyar Turai (MEP) na mazaɓar Norfolk daga shekarar 1994 zuwa 1999.
==Farkon rayuwa da Karatu==
An haife shi a Romford, Needled yayi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Southend sannan a Jami'ar Aston. Ya zama mai shirya jam'iyyar Labour a Norfolk, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba al'umma shawara.<ref>''BBC-Vacher's Biographical Guide 1996''. London: BBC Political Research Unit and Vacher's Publications. 1996. pp. 6–28. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0951520857|<bdi>0951520857</bdi>]].</ref>
==Fagen Siyasa==
===Takara===
Bayan tsayawa takara da yin amfani da taken yakin neman zabe, "Be sharp - ku zabi Needel!",<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 November 2007. Retrieved 18 January 2008.</ref> An zaɓi Needle a matsayin MEP don Norfolk a cikin 1994, ta doke ɗan takarar Conservative Paul Howell na wa'adi uku, ɗa ga Ralph Howell ɗan majalisar Conservative na Arewacin Norfolk wanda ke cikin mazabar Norfolk Turai. Ya sake tsayawa takara a zaben 1999 sannan a shekara ta 2004 inda bai samu nasara ba, ya tsaya takara a mazabar Gabashin Ingila.<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 September 2005. Retrieved 18 January 2008.</ref>
===Mulki===
A lokacin mulki sa a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, Needle ya kasance memba na kwamitin raya kasa da hadin gwiwa sannan kuma daga baya kwamitin kula da muhalli, lafiyar jama'a, da kare lafiyar masu amfani. Ya kuma zama mataimakin shugaban tawagar kan hulda da Transcaucasus.<ref>"Clive John Needle". ''European Parliament MEPs''. Retrieved 4 August 2015.</ref>
== Rayuwa bayan Majalisar Turai ==
Needle ya zamo Babban Mashawarcin Siyasa ga EuroHealthNet, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke inganta daidaiton lafiya a Turai.<ref>"Clive Needle". ''www.eurohealthnet.eu''. Retrieved 4 August 2015.</ref>
==Iyali==
Yana zaune na dan wasu lokuta a Brussels da kuma wani bangare a Ingila tare da iyalinsa.
== Manzarta ==
<references />
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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Chuck Amato
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'''Charles Michael Amato''' (an haife shi a watan Yuni 26, 1946) tsohon kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ya kasance kwanan nan mai kula da tsaro na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Akron Zips . Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina daga 2000 zuwa 2006, yana tattara rikodin 49 – 37. A ranar 17 ga Janairu, 2007, Amato ya koma Jihar Florida, inda ya horar da shi a matsayin mataimaki na kusan shekaru ashirin kafin ya koma Jihar NC, a matsayin babban kocin babban kocin da kuma kocin linebackers, matsayin da ya rike har tsawon shekaru uku.
== Rayuwar farko da aikin wasa ==
An haifi Amato a Easton, a yankin Lehigh Valley na [[Pennsylvania]], kuma ya kammala makarantar sakandare ta yankin Easton . Dan dambe Larry Holmes abokin karatunsu ne na Amato a Easton. Amato ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina a 1969 kuma ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi a 1973.
A Jihar North Carolina, Amato ya kasance mai nasara na wasiƙa na shekaru uku a duka ƙwallon ƙafa da kokawa . Ya taka leda a kan tawagar 1965 wanda ya ci gasar cin kofin tekun Atlantika kuma ya buga wasanni biyu da ba a ci nasara ba a matsayin dan kokawa, yana samun taken ACC guda biyu, a nauyi a cikin 1966 da a cikin {{Convert|191|lb}} a 1968.
== Aikin koyarwa ==
=== Easton High School ===
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Jihar North Carolina, Amato ya shafe shekaru biyu a matsayin mataimakin koci a makarantar sakandarensa, Easton High School .
=== Mataimakin a Jihar NC ===
A cikin 1971, Amato ya fara aiki na shekaru tara a matsayin mataimakin kocin tare da Jihar North Carolina, yana aiki a karkashin Al Michaels, Lou Holtz, da Bo Rein .
=== Arizona da Jihar Florida ===
Sannan ya shafe lokuta biyu a Jami'ar Arizona (1980 da 1981), inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan. Daga nan ya shiga Jami'ar Jihar Florida, inda ya shafe shekaru 18 a fagen horar da kwallon kafa daban-daban, gami da na mataimakin koci na tsawon shekaru 14. A Jihar Florida, ya kasance mai horar da layin tsaro na tsawon shekaru 14 kuma ya shafe shekaru hudu a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan.
=== Gasar ACC ===
Amato ya kasance wani ɓangare na gasar zakarun ACC 11, ɗaya a matsayin ɗan wasa a Jihar North Carolina (1965), biyu a matsayin mataimakin koci na Jihar North Carolina (1973 da 1979), da yanayi takwas a jere a Jihar Florida (1992 zuwa 1999).
=== Babban koci a NC State ===
A cikin 2002, an zaɓi Amato a cikin Kwamitin Amintattu na Ƙungiyar Kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka.
Amato ya tara rikodin gabaɗaya na 49 – 37, gami da rikodin 34 – 17 a cikin shekaru huɗu daga 2000 zuwa 2003 yayin da Philip Rivers ya kasance farkon kwata-kwata. Lokacin mafi nasara Amato shine a cikin 2002 lokacin da Wolfpack ya doke Notre Dame a Gator Bowl don lashe gasar 11– nasara wanda ƙungiyarsa ta kare lamba 12 a cikin AP Poll.
Bayan kammala karatun Ribas, ƙungiyoyin Jihar NC na Amato sun ƙare da ci 5–6 a 2004, 7–5 a 2005, da 3–9 a 2006.
A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2006, darektan wasannin motsa jiki na jihar NC Lee Fowler ya kori Amato bayan rashin nasarar wasanni bakwai da ya yi rashin nasara a kakar wasa ta 2006. Asarar da aka sani sun haɗa da fushi ta Akron Zips (5-7), asara ta uku kai tsaye zuwa Arewacin Carolina Tar Heels (3-9), da kuma asarar gida ga Pirates na Gabashin Carolina (7-5). Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa a kakar 2006 sun haɗa da nasara a kan Kwalejin Eagles ta Boston da Seminoles na Jihar Florida . A cikin wata sanarwa, Fowler ya amince da "jin dadi da sha'awar Amato." Wannan sha'awar ta haifar da gyara dala miliyan 87 zuwa filin wasa na Carter–Finley . Duk da haka, mediocre 2005 da 2006 yanayi sun kai ga yanke shawarar cire Amato kuma "don ɗaukar shirin a cikin sabon shugabanci."
=== Komawa Jihar Florida ===
A cikin 2007, Amato ya koma Jami'ar Jihar Florida a matsayin babban kocin babban kocin kuma kocin layin baya. A cikin Disamba 2009 tare da ritaya na Bobby Bowden, sabon Shugaban Kocin Jihar Florida Jimbo Fisher ya sanar da Amato cewa ba za a ci gaba da rike shi a ma'aikata ba. Amato ya horar da wasan Gator Bowl na 2010 kuma daga baya aka sake shi daga shirin Jihar Florida. A cikin Disamba 2009, Amato ya kamu da ciwon daji a wuyansa da makogwaro. Bayan nasarar jinyar makonni shida, ya sha alwashin komawa aikin horarwa a 2011. <ref name="fanhouseCancer" />
=== Mataimaki a Akron ===
Amato ya koma koyawa don kakar 2012 a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Kocin da Mai Gudanar da Tsaro a ƙarƙashin Terry Bowden . Amato ya yi ritaya daga Akron a watan Fabrairun 2018.
== Rikodin koyawa shugaban ==
{{CFB Yearly Record Start|type=coach|team=|conf=|bowl=|poll=both}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Subhead|name=[[NC State Wolfpack football|NC State Wolfpack]]|conf=[[Atlantic Coast Conference]]|startyear=2000|endyear=2006}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2000 NCAA Division I-A football season|2000]]|name=[[2000 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=8–4|conference=4–4|confstanding=5th|bowlname=[[2000 MicronPC.com Bowl|MicronPC.com]]|bowloutcome=W|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2001 NCAA Division I-A football season|2001]]|name=[[2001 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=7–5|conference=4–4|confstanding=T–4th|bowlname=[[2001 Tangerine Bowl|Tangerine]]|bowloutcome=L|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2002 NCAA Division I-A football season|2002]]|name=[[2002 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=11–3|conference=5–3|confstanding=4th|bowlname=[[2003 Gator Bowl|Gator]]|bowloutcome=W|bcsbowl=|ranking=11|ranking2=12}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2003 NCAA Division I-A football season|2003]]|name=[[2003 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=8–5|conference=4–4|confstanding=T–4th|bowlname=[[2003 Tangerine Bowl|Tangerine]]|bowloutcome=W|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2004 NCAA Division I-A football season|2004]]|name=[[2004 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=5–6|conference=3–5|confstanding=T–8th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2005 NCAA Division I-A football season|2005]]|name=[[2005 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=7–5|conference=3–5|confstanding=T–4th <small>(Atlantic)</small>|bowlname=[[2005 Meineke Car Care Bowl|Meineke Car Care]]|bowloutcome=W|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season|2006]]|name=[[2006 NC State Wolfpack football team|NC State]]|overall=3–9|conference=2–6|confstanding=6th <small>(Atlantic)</small>|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=|ranking2=}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Subtotal|name=NC State|overall=49–37|confrecord=25–31}}
{{CFB Yearly Record End|overall=49–37|bowls=no|poll=two|polltype=|legend=no}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141108162150/http://www.gozips.com/sports/fball/2014-15/coaches/amato_chuck Akron profile]
{{NC State Wolfpack football coach navbox}}{{1993 Florida State Seminoles football navbox}}{{1999 Florida State Seminoles football navbox}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1946]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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Cornell Armstrong
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{{Infobox NFL biography|name=Cornell Armstrong|image=2017-0719-CUSA-CornellArmstrong.jpg|image_size=|alt=|caption=Armstrong in 2017.|current_team=Atlanta Falcons|number=25|position=[[Cornerback]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|9|22}}|birth_place=[[Inglewood, California]]|death_date=|death_place=|height_ft=6|height_in=0|weight_lb=185|high_school=Bassfield High School|college=[[Southern Miss Golden Eagles football|Southern Miss]]|draftyear=2018|draftround=6|draftpick=209|pastteams=* [[Miami Dolphins]] ({{NFL Year|2018}})
* [[Houston Texans]] ({{NFL Year|2019}}–{{NFL Year|2020}})
* [[Atlanta Falcons]] ({{NFL Year|2021}}–present)*|status=Active|highlights=|statleague=NFL|statseason=2020|statweek=17|statlabel1=[[Tackle (football move)|Total tackles]]|statvalue1=12|statlabel2=[[Quarterback sack|Sacks]]|statvalue2=|statlabel3=[[Fumble|Forced fumbles]]|statvalue3=0|statlabel4=[[Fumble|Fumble recoveries]]|statvalue4=0|statlabel5=[[Interceptions]]|statvalue5=0|nflnew=Cornell-Armstrong|pfr=}}
'''Cornell Orlando Armstrong''' (an haife shi ranar 22 ga watan Satumba, 1995). ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka don Atlanta Falcons na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kudancin Miss.
==Karatu==
Armstrong ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Bassfield a Bassfield, Mississippi.
== Aikin koleji ==
Armstrong ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Southern Miss . <ref>[http://www.southernmiss.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/cornell_armstrong_884624.html Cornell Armstrong college profile]</ref>
== Sana'ar sana'a ==
=== Miami Dolphins ===
Miami Dolphins ne ya tsara Armstrong a zagaye na shida (209th gabaɗaya) na 2018 NFL Draft . An sake shi yayin yanke jerin sunayen na ƙarshe a kan Agusta 31, 2019.
=== Houston Texas ===
A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2019, Armstrong ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Houston Texans . An yi watsi da shi a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 2019 kuma ya sake sanya hannu a cikin tawagar horarwa. An daukaka shi zuwa ga mai aiki a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2019. Armstrong ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwangila tare da Texans a kan Maris 1, 2021. An yafe shi/rauni a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2021 kuma an sanya shi a wurin ajiyar da ya ji rauni. An sake shi a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2021.
=== Atlanta Falcons ===
A ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2021, an rattaba hannu kan Armstrong zuwa ƙungiyar motsa jiki ta Atlanta Falcons. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ajiya / nan gaba tare da Falcons a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2022.
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}{{Dolphins2018DraftPicks}}{{Atlanta Falcons roster navbox}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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Corey Washington
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{{Infobox NFL player|name=Corey Washington|image=Corey Washington 2016.jpg|image_size=|alt=|caption=Washington with Atlanta|number=80, 88|position=[[Wide receiver]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1991|12|29|mf=y}}|birth_place=[[North Charleston, South Carolina]]|death_date=|death_place=|high_school=[[North Charleston High School|North Charleston (SC)]]|height_ft=6|height_in=4|weight_lbs=200|college=[[Newberry College]]|undraftedyear=2014|pastteams=* [[Arizona Cardinals]] ({{NFL Year|2014}})*
* [[New York Giants]] ({{NFL Year|2014}})
* [[Washington Redskins]] ({{NFL Year|2015}})*
* [[Detroit Lions]] ({{NFL Year|2015}})*
* [[Atlanta Falcons]] ({{NFL Year|2016}})*
* [[Buffalo Bills]] ({{NFL Year|2016}})*
* [[Kansas City Chiefs]] ({{NFL Year|2017}})*
* [[Dallas Cowboys]] ({{NFL Year|2017}})*
* [[Winnipeg Blue Bombers]] ({{CFL Year|2018}})*|pastteamsnote=yes|status=|cflstatus=International|statlabel1=[[Reception (American football)|Receptions]]|statvalue1=5|statlabel2=[[Receiving yards]]|statvalue2=52|statlabel3=[[Touchdown|Receiving touchdowns]]|statvalue3=1|nflnew=coreywashington/2550413}}
'''Corey Washington''' (an haife shi ranar 29 ga watan Disamba, 1991). tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Newberry kuma Cardinal na Arizona ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakili na kyauta wanda ba a zayyana ba a cikin 2014 .
== Aikin koleji ==
Washington ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Soja ta Georgia don sabbin shekarun sa da na biyu kuma a Kwalejin Newberry na karamarsa da manyan lokutansa.<ref>[http://espn.go.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/135364/corey-washington-small-school-big-man Corey Washington, small-school big man]</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na kwaleji, ya sami liyafar 146 don yadi 2,396 da 34 touchdowns .
== Sana'ar sana'a ==
=== Cardinals Arizona ===
Washington ta rattaba hannu tare da Cardinals na Arizona a matsayin wakili na kyauta a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2014 kuma an yi watsi da shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu.
=== New York Giants ===
New York Giants sun yi iƙirarin kashe Washington a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2014. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2014/05/giants_claim_corey_washington_waive_ol_stephen_goodin.html Giants claim WR Corey Washington, waive OL Stephen Goodin]</ref> A lokacin atisayen ya burge kociyoyin Giants kuma an yi la'akari da cewa zai iya sanya kungiyoyin 'yan wasa 53. <ref>[http://www.newsday.com/sports/columnists/bob-glauber/corey-washington-making-a-sizable-impression-1.9064244 Corey Washington making a sizable impression]</ref> <ref>[http://www.newsday.com/sports/football/giants/low-on-giants-depth-chart-corey-washington-stands-tall-1.8502633 Low on Giants' depth chart, Corey Washington stands tall]</ref> <ref>[http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20140821/PC20/140829836/1177 North Charleston's Corey Washington catching New York Giants' attention]</ref> Washington ta yi jerin sunayen mutane 53 bayan kammala preseason a matsayin Kattai na jagorantar mai karɓar. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2014/08/corey_washington_makes_giants_53-man_roster.html Corey Washington makes Giants 53-man roster]</ref> Ya kama wasan sa na farko na yau da kullun na aikinsa a kan Nuwamba 3, 2014 a kan Indianapolis Colts . Kattai sun yi watsi da Washington / sun ji rauni a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2015. Kungiyar ta sake shi da raunin da ya ji washegari. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2015/09/wr_corey_washington_to_take_injury_settlement_from.html WR Corey Washington to take injury settlement from Giants, become free agent]</ref>
=== Washington Redskins ===
A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2015, Washington ta rattaba hannu kan kungiyar ta Washington Redskins . Kungiyar ta sake shi a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba.
=== Detroit Lions ===
A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2015, an rattaba hannu kan Washington a cikin tawagar Lions. A ranar 4 ga Janairu, 2016, Washington ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar makoma tare da Detroit Lions . Lions sun yi watsi da shi a watan Yuni 2016 kuma ya koma cikin jerin ajiyar bayan share fage.
=== Atlanta Falcons ===
A ranar 27 ga Yuli, 2016, Falcons ya rattaba hannu kan Washington. A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2016, Falcons sun yi watsi da shi saboda yanke jerin sunayen na ƙarshe.
=== Kuɗin Buffalo ===
A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2016, an rattaba hannu kan Washington a cikin ƙungiyar masu yin lissafin kuɗi. Kudi ya sake shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 2016.
A ranar 17 ga Maris, 2017, Washington ta sake rattaba hannu kan takardar kudirin. A ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2017, an soke shi ta Kudi.
=== Shugabannin Kansas City ===
A ranar 31 ga Yuli, 2017, Washington ta rattaba hannu tare da Shugabannin Birnin Kansas . An yi watsi da shi a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 2017.
=== Dallas Cowboys ===
A kan Agusta 15, 2017, Washington ta sanya hannu tare da Dallas Cowboys . An yafe shi/rauni a ranar 25 ga Agusta, 2017 kuma an sanya shi a ajiyar da ya ji rauni. An sake shi a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2017.
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114734/http://www.giants.com/team/roster/Corey-Washington/85c16c81-9402-4dc3-b78f-e1ace1cb11c6 New York Giants bio]
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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Curtis Bolton
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{{Infobox NFL biography|name=Curtis Bolton|image=|current_team=|number=|position=[[Linebacker]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|12|18}}|birth_place=[[Honolulu, Hawaii]]|height_ft=6|height_in=0|weight_lbs=228|high_school=[[Vista Murrieta High School|Vista Murrieta]]<br>([[Murrieta, California]])|college=[[Oklahoma Sooners football|Oklahoma]]|undraftedyear=2019|pastteams=* [[Green Bay Packers]] ({{NFL Year|2019}}–{{NFL Year|2020}})*
* [[Houston Texans]] ({{NFL Year|2020}})*
* [[Indianapolis Colts]] ({{NFL Year|2021}})*
* [[San Francisco 49ers]] ({{NFL Year|2021}})*
* [[Detroit Lions]] ({{NFL Year|2021}})|status=|statleague=|statseason=2021|statweek=|statlabel1=[[Tackle (football move)|Total tackles]]|statvalue1=3|statlabel2=|statvalue2=|statlabel3=|statvalue3=|nfl=curtis-bolton|pfr=BoltCu00}}
'''Curtis Giles Charles Bolton III''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda wakili ne na kyauta. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Oklahoma .
==Aikin wallo==
===Shekarun farko===
Bolton ya kammala babban kakarsa da ci 109 da suka hada da 29 da aka yi rashin nasara da buhu 13 yayin da aka nada shi MVP mai tsaron baya na gasar ta Kudu maso Yamma. Bolton ya himmatu ga Oklahoma kan tayin Arizona, Fresno State da sauransu.
== Aikin koleji ==
Bolton ya fara kakar wasa daya a Oklahoma, babban kakarsa. Bolton ya yi rikodi 138, bugun asara 12, buhu 4.5 da fas 2 da aka karkare.
== Sana'ar sana'a ==
=== Green Bay Packers ===
Bayan tafiya ba tare da izini ba Bolton ya sanya hannu tare da Green Bay Packers . Ya fara preseason jimlar tackles 8, tsallake-tsallake biyu da tsangwama a cikin wasannin preseason biyu na farko. Bolton ya yage ligament na gabansa a wasan preseason kuma an sanya shi a wurin ajiyar raunin da ya ƙare. An sanya shi a kan mai aiki / jiki ya kasa yin jerin (PUP) a farkon sansanin horo a kan Yuli 31, 2020. An koma shi zuwa lissafin ajiyar/PUP a farkon lokacin yau da kullun akan Satumba 5, 2020. A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 'yan Packers sun yi watsi da Bolton.
=== Houston Texas ===
A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2020, an rattaba hannu kan Bolton zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Houston Texans . Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ajiya / nan gaba a ranar 4 ga Janairu, 2021. An yi watsi da shi a ranar 16 ga Maris, 2021.
=== Indianapolis Colts ===
A ranar 10 ga Agusta, 2021, Bolton ya rattaba hannu tare da Indianapolis Colts. An yi watsi da shi a ranar 31 ga Agusta, 2021 kuma ya sake sanya hannu a cikin tawagar horarwa washegari, amma bayan kwana biyu aka sake shi.
=== San Francisco 49ers ===
A ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2021, an rattaba hannu kan Bolton zuwa tawagar horarwa ta San Francisco 49ers . An sake shi a ranar 5 ga Oktoba.
=== Detroit Lions ===
A ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2021, an rattaba hannu kan Bolton zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Detroit Lions. Bolton ya fara buga wasansa na NFL a wasa da Denver Broncos a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 2021. An daukaka shi zuwa ga mai aiki a ranar 28 ga Disamba.
A ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 2022, Lions sun yi watsi da Bolton.
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [https://247sports.com/Player/Curtis-Bolton-29311/view=bio 247 Labarin Wasanni]
* [https://soonersports.com/sports/football/roster/curtis-bolton/3405view=bio Oklahoma Sooners Football bio]
* [https://www.packers.com/team/players-roster/curtis-bolton/view=bio Green Bay Packers bio]
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
i2lfyl8e3uy2ts2x8ppnq2dbvzwyds9
Clavet, Saskatchewan
0
34597
165725
161750
2022-08-13T07:26:49Z
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{databox}}
'''Clavet''' / / klə ˈ vɛt / klə- klə- ) ( yawan 2016 : 410 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Blucher Lamba 343 da Rural Division na 11 . Kauyen yana kan wani tsohon sashe na babbar hanyar Yellowhead, kimanin kilomita 15 kudu maso gabas da birnin Saskatoon .
== Tarihi ==
A shekarar 1908, an kafa ƙauyen Faransanci wanda ke rufe rabin kudu na sashe na 16 da kudu maso yamma na sashe na 15. JT Dawson shi ne mai kula da Alfred Rogers da CH Goodrich an zaɓe kansila a watan Fabrairun 1909. An nada Carl H. Phillips a matsayin sakatare-ma'aji.
===Canjin suna===
Ranar 9 ga Maris, 1909, an canza sunan Faransanci zuwa Clavet. Ƙauyen Clavet bai sami nasara a harkokin jama'a ba. A cikin Oktoba 1909, WC Sutherland, Mataimakin Kwamishinan, ya ba da shawarar rashin tsari na ƙauyen saboda mambobin majalisa biyu sun ƙaura, sakatare-ma'aji ya yi murabus, kuma yawan jama'a ba su isa su tabbatar da matsayin ƙauyen ba. Koyaya, duk da shekaru masu fama da al'amuran ƙauye da tsangwama daga Al'amuran Municipal, ƙauyen Clavet har yanzu ya wanzu a cikin 1925 mai yawan maza 9, mata 5, da yara 12. Hakanan yana da lif guda biyu, babban kantin sayar da kaya ɗaya, kantin kayan aiki ɗaya, filin katako, ofishi, gidan zama, da coci. Wannan ya ba da ƙima na $27,850, adadin niƙa na 17, da jimlar kuɗin haraji na $473.45.
A ranar 1 ga Maris, 1927, JJ Smith, Mataimakin Ministan Harkokin Gundumomi, ya ɓata ƙauyen Clavet saboda ƙarancin yawan jama'a da rashin isassun ƙima don ba da kuɗin al'amuran ƙauyen. Bayan rashin tsari, an canza iyakokin Clavet. Bayan, daga 1927 zuwa 1978, al'amuran Clavet suna sarrafawa da sarrafa su ta RM na Blucher No. 343 . Dukkan bayanan da bayanan da suka danganci an adana su a ofishin RM, wanda ya kone a cikin 1982. Bayanai game da waɗannan shekarun, saboda haka, iyakance ne ga abin da mazauna gida za su iya tunawa.
A cikin 1964, Clavet ya zama yanki mai tsari na iyalai goma sha ɗaya tare da yawan jama'a 39. Hamlet na Clavet ya zaɓi mambobin kwamitin uku waɗanda suka ba da shawarwari ga RM na Blucher Lamba 343 a madadin hamlet. An binciki ƙauyen ne bayan ƙungiyar ta, kuma an shigar da ayyukan ruwa da magudanar ruwa a cikin 1972–1973 ta hanyar Shirin Inganta Gona na Iyali akan farashi na $14,689. Akwai haɗin asali guda 17 zuwa tsarin, da makarantar. Ed Holobetz, ɗan kwangilar, ya shigar da ainihin layukan filastik inci biyu don ɗaukar ruwa daga Tsarin Kula da Ruwa na Saskatchewan ga duk mazauna. Tankunan tankuna guda ɗaya sun yi hidima ga kowane gida kuma tafkin yana kusa da tashar daga yanzu. Babban Titin Saskatchewan, titin Queen da Titin Biyu a cikin 1972.
Motoci biyu da ke aiki a farkon shekarun sun kone a 1967 kuma ba a maye gurbinsu ba. An tsage lif na uku kuma an ceto shi a shekarar 1968. Jean Campbell ne ke sarrafa gidan waya daga gidanta a titin Queen Street da Second Avenue har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 1978. Lokacin da IE S. Confectioners ya buɗe a cikin 1978, mallakar Irma Weisner da 'yarta, Sandra Baumgartner kuma suna sarrafa su, an sake komawa gidan waya a cikin kantin sayar da kuma Sandra ta sarrafa. Susan Yuzik ta zama uwargida a 1981.
Bayan shigar da ruwa da magudanar ruwa, an haɓaka sabbin kuri'a akan Campbell Place, mai suna don girmama Jean Campbell. Sabbin gidajen da aka gina tsakanin 1975 zuwa 1979 sun kawo karuwar yawan jama'a, kudaden shiga na haraji, da damuwa kan tsarin lagon na yanzu. A farkon 1978, mazauna Clavet sun koka game da matsayin ƙauye. Clavet an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1978. Majalisar farko ta ƙunshi magajin gari Bill Martin da mashawarta Rudy Weisner da John Baumgartner. Ros Curnow ya tsunduma a matsayin sakatare-ma'aji.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Clavet yana da yawan jama'a 450 da ke zaune a cikin 147 daga cikin 150 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 9.8% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 410 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.86|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 523.3/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, ƙauyen Clavet ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a na 410 da ke zaune a cikin 137 daga cikin 144 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 5.9% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 386 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.84|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 488.1/km a cikin 2016.
== Kayan aiki ==
; Sufuri
Clavet yana kusa da wani tsohon sashe na babbar hanyar Saskatchewan 16, kudu da inda ya haɗu da babbar hanyar Saskatchewan 316 . Yanzu an keɓe shi ta hanyar sigar hanya biyu ta Babbar Hanya 16 kuma ana samun dama daga Babbar Hanya 316.
Filin Jirgin Sama na Saskatoon/Corman yana yamma da Clavet.
Titin jirgin ƙasa na Kanada ya ratsa ƙauyen Clavet.
== Ilimi ==
Makarantar Clavet Composite tana ba da makaranta daga Kindergarten zuwa Grade 12.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website|http://villageofclavet.com}}
{{Geographic location|Northwest=[[Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Saskatoon]]|North=[[Aberdeen, Saskatchewan|Aberdeen]]|Northeast=[[St. Denis, Saskatchewan|St. Denis]]|West=[[Casa Rio, Saskatchewan|Casa Rio]]|Centre=Clavet|East=[[Colonsay, Saskatchewan|Colonsay]]|Southwest=[[Dundurn, Saskatchewan|Dundurn]]|South=[[Shields, Saskatchewan|Shields]]|Southeast=[[Bradwell, Saskatchewan|Bradwell]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision11}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
g7z0ydix66d5kio7qq7uowof6av8xo4
Crossfield, Alberta
0
34620
165751
161602
2022-08-13T08:25:10Z
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Crossfield|official_name=Town of Crossfield|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|other_name=|settlement_type=Town|image_skyline=The Aurora Named STEVE (26938621998).jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=[[Steve (atmospheric phenomenon)|Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement]] over Crossfield|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|nickname=|motto=Progress Through Friendship|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=Canada Alberta<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=Location of Crossfield in [[Alberta]]|coordinates={{coord|51|25|52|N|114|01|34|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline}}|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Alberta|Region]]|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Alberta|Census division]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_name2=[[Calgary Region]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 6, Alberta|6]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rocky View County]]|established_title=Founded|established_date=|established_title1=Incorporated<ref name=AMATownProfiles>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/TOWN.PDF | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | title=Location and History Profile: Town of Crossfield | page=176 | date=October 7, 2016 | access-date=October 13, 2016}}</ref>|established_date1= |established_title2= • [[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|established_date2=June 3, 1907|established_title3= • [[List of towns in Alberta|Town]]|established_date3=August 1, 1980|government_footnotes=<ref>{{AMOS}}</ref>|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Jo Tennant|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Crossfield Town Council|elevation_footnotes=<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.safetycodes.ab.ca/Public/Documents/PSSSOP_Handbook_Version_12_Online_Feb_21_2012b.pdf | title=Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town) | publisher=Safety Codes Council | type=PDF | pages=212–215 (PDF pages 226–229) | date=January 2012 | access-date=October 8, 2013}}</ref>|elevation_m=1113|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=11.89|area_urban_km2=|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/><ref name=2021censusPC>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810001101 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada and population centres | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 13, 2022}}</ref>|population_total=3599 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=302.7|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|population_note=|postal_code_type=Postal code span|postal_code=[[List of T Postal Codes of Canada|T0M 0S0]]|area_code=[[Area code 403|403]], [[Area codes 587, 825, and 368|587, 825, 368]]|website={{official website|www.crossfieldalberta.com}}|footnotes=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|leader_title2=[[Current members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]]|leader_name2=[[Blake Richards|Blake Richards, Wild Rose]]|leader_title3=[[Legislative Assembly of Alberta|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|timezone=[[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|blank_name=[[List of Alberta provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info=[[Alberta Highway 2A|Highway 2A]]<br>[[Alberta Highway 574|Highway 574]]|blank1_name=|blank1_info=}}
'''Crossfield''' birni ne, da ke cikin Yankin Calgary Metropolitan na Alberta, Kanada wanda ke kewaye da Rocky View County . Yana kan Highway 2A {{Convert|43|km|mi}} arewa da birnin [[Calgary]] .
==Tarihi==
A matsayin tashar jirgin ƙasa akan layin Calgary zuwa [[Edmonton]] (C&E) na layin dogo na Kanada Pacific, Crossfield an kafa shi a cikin 1892. An yi wa Crossfield sunan wani injiniya tare da ma'aikatan binciken jirgin ƙasa na Kanada Pacific. A shekara ta 1904, al'umma suna da gidan waya, kantin sayar da kayayyaki, otal da makaranta. A cikin 1906, an buɗe lif na hatsi na farko kuma an haɗa Crossfield a matsayin ƙauye a shekara ta 1907. A cikin 1980, Crossfield an haɗa shi azaman gari.
Garin Crossfield memba ne na Hukumar Yankin Calgary Metropolitan. Crossfield yana cikin hanyar Calgary-Edmonton kuma yana girma a sakamakon haka. Crossfield yana arewa da Birnin Airdrie kuma kudu da garin Olds. Crossfield yana kewaye da gundumar Rocky View County.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, Garin Crossfield yana da yawan jama'a 3,599 da ke zaune a cikin 1,326 na jimlar 1,381 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na 20.7% daga yawanta na 2016 na 2,983. Tare da filin ƙasa na 11.89 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 302.7/km a cikin 2021.
Yawan jama'ar Garin Crossfield bisa ga ƙidayar ƙaramar hukuma ta 2019 shine 3,377, canji na 2.1% daga ƙidayar jama'arta na 2018 na 3,308.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, Garin Crossfield ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 2,983 da ke zaune a cikin 1,101 na jimlar 1,168 masu zaman kansu. 4.6% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 2,853. Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|11.96|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 249.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
Tushen tattalin arziki na farko na yankin Crossfield shine noma, ayyukan noma da sarrafa iskar gas. Kamfanin iskar gas na Crossfield dake kudu da garin, mallakar TAQA Arewa a halin yanzu, yana aiki tun 1965.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2011}}
== Ilimi ==
Crossfield tana da makarantu biyu: Makarantar Elementary Crossfield, wacce ke koyar da yara tun daga kindergarten zuwa aji biyar, da WG Murdoch, wacce ke koyar da yara daga aji shida zuwa 12.
Garin kuma yana da makarantar firamare da ke kusa da Makarantar Elementary ta Crossfield.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin garuruwa a Alberta
* Karamitsanis, Aphrodite (1992). ''Sunan Wuri na Alberta - Volume II, Kudancin Alberta'', Jami'ar Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta.
* Karatu, Tracey (1983). ''Acres da Dauloli - Tarihin Gundumar Municipal na Rocky View'', Calgary, Alberta.
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
{{Geographic location|Centre=Crossfield|North=[[Carstairs, Alberta|Carstairs]]|Northeast=[[Linden, Alberta|Linden]]|East=[[Beiseker, Alberta|Beiseker]]|Southeast=[[Irricana, Alberta|Irricana]]|South=[[Airdrie, Alberta|Airdrie]]|Southwest=[[Cochrane, Alberta|Cochrane]]|West=[[Madden, Alberta|Madden]]|Northwest=[[Sundre, Alberta|Sundre]]}}{{Subdivisions of Alberta|towns=yes}}{{Coord|51|26|N|114|02|W|region:CA-AB_type:city_scale:60000}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|51|26|N|114|02|W|region:CA-AB_type:city_scale:60000}}
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165752
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wikitext
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Crossfield|official_name=Town of Crossfield|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|other_name=|settlement_type=Town|image_skyline=The Aurora Named STEVE (26938621998).jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=[[Steve (atmospheric phenomenon)|Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement]] over Crossfield|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|nickname=|motto=Progress Through Friendship|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=Canada Alberta<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=Location of Crossfield in [[Alberta]]|coordinates={{coord|51|25|52|N|114|01|34|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline}}|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Alberta|Region]]|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Alberta|Census division]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_name2=[[Calgary Region]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 6, Alberta|6]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rocky View County]]|established_title=Founded|established_date=|established_title1=Incorporated<ref name=AMATownProfiles>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/TOWN.PDF | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | title=Location and History Profile: Town of Crossfield | page=176 | date=October 7, 2016 | access-date=October 13, 2016}}</ref>|established_date1= |established_title2= • [[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|established_date2=June 3, 1907|established_title3= • [[List of towns in Alberta|Town]]|established_date3=August 1, 1980|government_footnotes=<ref>{{AMOS}}</ref>|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Jo Tennant|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Crossfield Town Council|elevation_footnotes=<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.safetycodes.ab.ca/Public/Documents/PSSSOP_Handbook_Version_12_Online_Feb_21_2012b.pdf | title=Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town) | publisher=Safety Codes Council | type=PDF | pages=212–215 (PDF pages 226–229) | date=January 2012 | access-date=October 8, 2013}}</ref>|elevation_m=1113|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=11.89|area_urban_km2=|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/><ref name=2021censusPC>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810001101 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada and population centres | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 13, 2022}}</ref>|population_total=3599 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=302.7|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|population_note=|postal_code_type=Postal code span|postal_code=[[List of T Postal Codes of Canada|T0M 0S0]]|area_code=[[Area code 403|403]], [[Area codes 587, 825, and 368|587, 825, 368]]|website={{official website|www.crossfieldalberta.com}}|footnotes=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|leader_title2=[[Current members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]]|leader_name2=[[Blake Richards|Blake Richards, Wild Rose]]|leader_title3=[[Legislative Assembly of Alberta|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|timezone=[[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|blank_name=[[List of Alberta provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info=[[Alberta Highway 2A|Highway 2A]]<br>[[Alberta Highway 574|Highway 574]]|blank1_name=|blank1_info=}}
'''Crossfield''' birni ne, da ke cikin Yankin Calgary Metropolitan na Alberta, Kanada wanda ke kewaye da Rocky View County. Yana kan Highway 2A {{Convert|43|km|mi}} arewa da birnin [[Calgary]].
==Tarihi==
A matsayin tashar jirgin ƙasa akan layin Calgary zuwa [[Edmonton]] (C&E) na layin dogo na Kanada Pacific, Crossfield an kafa shi a cikin 1892. An yi wa Crossfield sunan wani injiniya tare da ma'aikatan binciken jirgin ƙasa na Kanada Pacific. A shekara ta 1904, al'umma suna da gidan waya, kantin sayar da kayayyaki, otal da makaranta. A cikin 1906, an buɗe lif na hatsi na farko kuma an haɗa Crossfield a matsayin ƙauye a shekara ta 1907. A cikin 1980, Crossfield an haɗa shi azaman gari.<ref> Karatu, Tracey (1983). ''Acres da Dauloli - Tarihin Gundumar Municipal na Rocky View'', Calgary, Alberta.</ref>
Garin Crossfield memba ne na Hukumar Yankin Calgary Metropolitan. Crossfield yana cikin hanyar Calgary-Edmonton kuma yana girma a sakamakon haka. Crossfield yana arewa da Birnin Airdrie kuma kudu da garin Olds. Crossfield yana kewaye da gundumar Rocky View County.<ref> Karamitsanis, Aphrodite (1992). ''Sunan Wuri na Alberta - Volume II, Kudancin Alberta'', Jami'ar Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta.</ref>
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, Garin Crossfield yana da yawan jama'a 3,599 da ke zaune a cikin 1,326 na jimlar 1,381 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na 20.7% daga yawanta na 2016 na 2,983. Tare da filin ƙasa na 11.89 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 302.7/km a cikin 2021.
Yawan jama'ar Garin Crossfield bisa ga ƙidayar ƙaramar hukuma ta 2019 shine 3,377, canji na 2.1% daga ƙidayar jama'arta na 2018 na 3,308.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, Garin Crossfield ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 2,983 da ke zaune a cikin 1,101 na jimlar 1,168 masu zaman kansu. 4.6% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 2,853. Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|11.96|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 249.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
Tushen tattalin arziki na farko na yankin Crossfield shine noma, ayyukan noma da sarrafa iskar gas. Kamfanin iskar gas na Crossfield dake kudu da garin, mallakar TAQA Arewa a halin yanzu, yana aiki tun 1965.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2011}}
== Ilimi ==
Crossfield tana da makarantu biyu: Makarantar Elementary Crossfield, wacce ke koyar da yara tun daga kindergarten zuwa aji biyar, da WG Murdoch, wacce ke koyar da yara daga aji shida zuwa 12.
Garin kuma yana da makarantar firamare da ke kusa da Makarantar Elementary ta Crossfield.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin garuruwa a Alberta
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
{{Geographic location|Centre=Crossfield|North=[[Carstairs, Alberta|Carstairs]]|Northeast=[[Linden, Alberta|Linden]]|East=[[Beiseker, Alberta|Beiseker]]|Southeast=[[Irricana, Alberta|Irricana]]|South=[[Airdrie, Alberta|Airdrie]]|Southwest=[[Cochrane, Alberta|Cochrane]]|West=[[Madden, Alberta|Madden]]|Northwest=[[Sundre, Alberta|Sundre]]}}{{Subdivisions of Alberta|towns=yes}}{{Coord|51|26|N|114|02|W|region:CA-AB_type:city_scale:60000}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|51|26|N|114|02|W|region:CA-AB_type:city_scale:60000}}
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Cristian Ramírez ( Dan wasan Ecuadorian
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BnHamid
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/* Krasnodar */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''Cristian Leonel Ramírez Zambrano''' ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈKɾistjan raˈmiɾes] ; {{Lang-ru|Кристиан Леонель Рамирес Самбрано}} ; an haifi 12 Agusta 1994) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Ecuador-Rasha wanda ke taka leda a [[Mai buga baya|hannun]] Krasnodar na Firimiyar Rasha . Mai sauri, mai hankali, ambidextrous da babban dribbler shine halayen Ramirez wanda ya haifar da manema labarai na ƙasashen waje suna kwatanta shi da [[Roberto Carlos]] . <ref>{{Soccerway|cristian-leonel-ramirez-zambrano/180799}}</ref>
== Aikin kulob ==
=== Independiente Jose Teran ===
Tun da farko ya fara tare da CSCyD Brasilia, Independiente Jose Teran ne ya sanya hannu a 2009. Matashin dan wasan baya mai ban sha'awa, har ma idan aka kwatanta shi da almara Roberto Carlos, fitowar sa ta farko a ranar 28 ga Agusta 2011, a kan El Nacional, yana kammala cikakkiyar tsammanin kowa akan iyawarsa a filin wasa, kuma ya fara yawancin 2011 Serie A wasanni. A duk lokacin kakar, ya kasance mai tsaron gida mai ban mamaki kuma mai kai hari kan manyan kungiyoyin gasar, kamar LDU Quito, Deportivo Quito, da Barcelona SC . Har ila yau, ya sami suna mai ban tsoro, bayan da ya tsaya kan waƙoƙinsa yana yiwa matasa ƙwararrun Ecuador irin su Fidel Martinez da Renato Ibarra ; karshen shine yayin wasan farko na Ramirez.
Ramírez ya ci gaba da wasa tare da farawa goma sha ɗaya don kakar 2012. Bayan ya sami kulawar duniya da yawa, ya yi gwaji tare da Borussia Dortmund, duk da cewa kulob din ba zai iya rattaba hannun sa ba saboda dokokin UEFA na takaita sanya hannun 'yan wasan kasashen waje a karkashin 18, da kuma gwajin kwanaki 10 tare da Harry Redknapp na Tottenham Hotspur., wanda ya fara ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2012.
=== Fortuna Düsseldorf ===
A 25 Janairu 2013, ya sanya hannu ga Jamus Bundesliga kulob Fortuna Frankfurt .
=== 1. FC Nürnberg ===
A ranar 17 ga Yuni 2014, an tabbatar da cewa za a ba Cristian aro zuwa Nürnberg don kakar 2014 - 2015. <ref>http://www.ecuagol.com/ecuagol/index.php?n=53922</ref>
=== Ferencváros ===
A ranar 2 watan ga Afrilu 2016, Ramírez ya zama zakaran League na Hungary tare da Ferencvárosi TC bayan ya sha kashi a hannun Debreceni VSC 2 - 1 a Nagyerdei Stadion a cikin 2015 - 16 Nemzeti Bajnokság I.
=== Krasnodar ===
[[File:CSKA-KRAsN_(2).jpg|Right|thumb|248x248px| Ramírez yana buga wa Krasnodar wasa a 2018]]
A ranar 9 ga watan Janairu shekarar 2017, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru 4.5 tare da kulob din Krasnodar na Firimiyar Rasha. A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2021, Krasnodar ya cire shi daga cikin tawagar da aka yi wa rajista da RPL na sauran kakar 2020 - 21 saboda rauni. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu 2021, ya tsawaita kwangilar da Krasnodar zuwa 30 ga Yuni 2025.
== Ƙididdigar sana'a ==
=== Kulob ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! rowspan="2" |Club
! rowspan="2" |Season
! colspan="3" |League
! colspan="2" |Cup
! colspan="2" |Continental
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan="3" |Independiente del Valle
|2011
| rowspan="2" |Ecuadorian Serie A
|20
|0
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |–
|20
|0
|-
|2012
|32
|0
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |–
|32
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!52
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!52
!0
|-
| rowspan="3" |Fortuna Düsseldorf
|2012–13
|Bundesliga
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |–
| colspan="2" |–
|0
|0
|-
|2013–14
|2. Bundesliga
|16
|0
|1
|0
| colspan="2" |–
|17
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!16
!0
!1
!0
!0
!0
!17
!0
|-
|Nürnberg
|2014–15
|2. Bundesliga
|7
|0
|1
|0
| colspan="2" |–
|8
|0
|-
| rowspan="4" |Ferencváros
|2014–15
| rowspan="3" |Nemzeti Bajnokság I
|13
|0
|3
|1
| colspan="2" |–
|16
|1
|-
|2015–16
|28
|4
|7
|0
|3
|0
|38
|4
|-
|2016–17
|14
|0
|1
|0
|2
|0
|17
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!55
!4
!11
!1
!5
!0
!71
!5
|-
| rowspan="6" |Krasnodar
|2016–17
| rowspan="5" |Russian Premier League
|11
|0
|1
|0
|3
|0
|15
|0
|-
|2017–18
|20
|0
|1
|0
|4
|0
|25
|0
|-
|2018–19
|23
|0
|4
|0
|8
|0
|35
|0
|-
|2019–20
|26
|0
|1
|0
|9
|0
|36
|0
|-
|2020–21
|7
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|8
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!87
!0
!7
!0
!24
!0
!119
!0
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!210
!4
!19
!1
!29
!0
!267
!5
|-
|}
== Aikin duniya ==
Ramírez ya fara buga wa Ecuador wasa a cikin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara ta 2011, waɗanda suka halarci Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta U-17 ta Kudancin Amurka ta 2011, kuma da kyar ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U-17 ta 2011 . Ramírez ya nuna kwarewar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙarfin tunani a gasar cin kofin duniya ta U-17 ta 2011 don samun nasarar kare irin su Jamus, Panama da Burkina Faso. Ya kasance a cikin wannan gasa inda nan take ya burge yanayin kulob na duniya. Tun daga watan Afrilu na shekarar 2012, an kira shi zuwa ƙungiyar U-20, don samun damar shiga gasar ta U-20 ta 2013.
An kira Ramírez don wasannin sada zumunci da Argentina da Honduras a ranar 15 da 20 ga watan Nuwamba 2013. Ya fara wasansa na farko a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa da Honduras.
=== Manufofin duniya ===
: ''Sakamakon da sakamakon sun lissafa burin Ecuador da farko.''
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;"
!A'a
! Kwanan wata
! Wuri
! Abokin adawa
! Ci
! Sakamakon
! Gasa
|-
| 1.
| 6 Oktoba 2016
| Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito, [[Ecuador]]
|</img> Chile
| align="center" | '''2''' -0
| align="center" | 3–0
| Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 2018 FIFA
|}
== Daraja ==
; Ferencváros
* Hungarian League : 2015–16
* Kofin Hungary (2): 2014–15, 2015–16
* Kofin Gasar Hungarian : 2014–15
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
A ranar 3 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 2021, ya sami zama ɗan ƙasa na [[Rasha]] bayan ya buga wasa a cikin ƙasar tsawon shekaru 4.5.
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{FC Krasnodar squad}}{{Ecuador squad Copa América Centenario}}{{Ecuador squad 2019 Copa América}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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Coutts, Alberta
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34928
165744
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2022-08-13T08:00:47Z
BnHamid
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gyara
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox settlement|name=Coutts|official_name=Village of Coutts|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|motto=The Gateway to Alberta|image_skyline=Coutts, Alberta border crossing into the USA.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Coutts border crossing, into the US|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=0076 Village Coutts, Alberta Locator.svg|map_caption=Location within County of Warner|pushpin_map=Canada Alberta|pushpin_label_position=none|pushpin_map_caption=Location in [[Alberta]]|pushpin_mapsize=200|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=[[Southern Alberta]]|subdivision_type3=[[Land-use framework regions of Alberta|Planning region]]|subdivision_name3=[[South Saskatchewan Region|South Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|subdivision_name4=[[County of Warner No. 5|Warner]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Jim Willett|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Coutts Village Council|leader_title2=<!-- [[Members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]] -->|leader_name2=|leader_title3=[[Legislative Assembly of Alberta|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Founded|established_date=|established_title1=Incorporated<ref name=AMAVillageProfiles>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/VILG.PDF | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | title=Location and History Profile: Village of Coutts | page=190 | date=October 14, 2016 | access-date=October 17, 2016}}</ref>|established_date1= |established_title2= • [[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|established_date2=January 1, 1960|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=1.18|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/>|population_note=|population_total=224 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=190.4|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|coordinates={{coord|49|00|23|N|111|57|51|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=1070|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=[[Area code 403|403]] / [[Area code 587|587]]|blank_name=Highways|blank_info={{Jct|state=AB|Hwy|4}}<br>{{Jct|state=AB|Hwy|500}}<br>{{jct|country=USA|I|15}}|blank1_name=Waterway|blank1_info=[[Milk River (Montana-Alberta)|Milk River]]|website={{official website}}|footnotes=}}
'''Coutts''' (/ KOOTS ) ƙauye ne a kudancin Alberta, Kanada wanda tashar jiragen ruwa ce ta shiga cikin [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Amurika|jihar]] [[Montana]] ta Amurka. Yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan tashar shiga ta kan iyakar Kanada-Amurka a yammacin Kanada. Yana haɗa Highway 4 zuwa Interstate 15, muhimmiyar hanyar kasuwanci ( CANAMEX Corridor ) tsakanin Alberta, jihohin Amurka tare da I-15, da [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]].
==Tarihi==
Al'ummar tana da sunan William Burdett-Coutts, jami'in layin dogo. A shekarar 2004, an buɗe wurin haɗin gwiwa na kan iyaka a Coutts- Sweet Grass, Montana, gidaje duka hukumomin tarayya na Kanada da Amurka. <ref>[http://www.gsa.gov/gsa/cm_attachments/GSA_DOCUMENT/Sweet_Grass_Release_R2-uP9X_0Z5RDZ-i34K-pR.doc Coutts-Sweetgrass border facility]</ref>
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Coutts yana da yawan jama'a 224 da ke zaune a cikin 112 daga cikin 152 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -8.6% daga yawanta na 2016 na 245. Tare da yankin ƙasa na 1.18 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 189.8/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Coutts ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 245 da ke zaune a cikin 122 daga cikin 159 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -11.6% daga yawan jama'arta na 2011 na 277. Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.24|km2|sqmi}}, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 197.6/km a shekarar 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin ƙauyuka a Alberta
* Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Ketare
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
{{Geographic Location|Centre=Coutts|North=[[Milk River, Alberta|Milk River]]|Northeast=[[Allerston, Alberta|Allerston]]|East=[[Aden, Alberta|Aden]]|Southeast=[[Chester, Montana|Chester (USA)]]|South=[[Sunburst, Montana|Sunburst (USA)]]|Southwest=[[Cut Bank, Montana|Cut Bank (USA)]]|West=[[Del Bonita, Alberta|Del Bonita]]|Northwest=[[Magrath, Alberta|Magrath]]}}{{Subdivisions of Alberta|villages=yes}}{{Alberta Regions South Saskatchewan}}{{Authority control}}{{Coord|49|00|N|111|57|W|region:CA_type:city}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|49|00|N|111|57|W|region:CA_type:city}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
a6uq3c57o7bv5e92yzblh4r7bry95hm
165745
165744
2022-08-13T08:01:32Z
BnHamid
12586
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox settlement|name=Coutts|official_name=Village of Coutts|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|motto=The Gateway to Alberta|image_skyline=Coutts, Alberta border crossing into the USA.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Coutts border crossing, into the US|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=0076 Village Coutts, Alberta Locator.svg|map_caption=Location within County of Warner|pushpin_map=Canada Alberta|pushpin_label_position=none|pushpin_map_caption=Location in [[Alberta]]|pushpin_mapsize=200|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=[[Southern Alberta]]|subdivision_type3=[[Land-use framework regions of Alberta|Planning region]]|subdivision_name3=[[South Saskatchewan Region|South Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|subdivision_name4=[[County of Warner No. 5|Warner]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Jim Willett|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Coutts Village Council|leader_title2=<!-- [[Members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]] -->|leader_name2=|leader_title3=[[Legislative Assembly of Alberta|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Founded|established_date=|established_title1=Incorporated<ref name=AMAVillageProfiles>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/VILG.PDF | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | title=Location and History Profile: Village of Coutts | page=190 | date=October 14, 2016 | access-date=October 17, 2016}}</ref>|established_date1= |established_title2= • [[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|established_date2=January 1, 1960|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=1.18|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/>|population_note=|population_total=224 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=190.4|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|coordinates={{coord|49|00|23|N|111|57|51|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=1070|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=[[Area code 403|403]] / [[Area code 587|587]]|blank_name=Highways|blank_info={{Jct|state=AB|Hwy|4}}<br>{{Jct|state=AB|Hwy|500}}<br>{{jct|country=USA|I|15}}|blank1_name=Waterway|blank1_info=[[Milk River (Montana-Alberta)|Milk River]]|website={{official website}}|footnotes=}}
'''Coutts''' (/ KOOTS ) ƙauye ne a kudancin Alberta, Kanada wanda tashar jiragen ruwa ce ta shiga cikin [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Amurika|jihar]] [[Montana]] ta Amurka. Yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan tashar shiga ta kan iyakar Kanada-Amurka a yammacin Kanada. Yana haɗa Highway 4 zuwa Interstate 15, muhimmiyar hanyar kasuwanci ( CANAMEX Corridor ) tsakanin Alberta, jihohin Amurka tare da I-15, da [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]].
==Tarihi==
Al'ummar tana da sunan William Burdett-Coutts, jami'in layin dogo. A shekarar 2004, an buɗe wurin haɗin gwiwa na kan iyaka a Coutts- Sweet Grass, Montana, gidaje duka hukumomin tarayya na Kanada da Amurka. <ref>[http://www.gsa.gov/gsa/cm_attachments/GSA_DOCUMENT/Sweet_Grass_Release_R2-uP9X_0Z5RDZ-i34K-pR.doc Coutts-Sweetgrass border facility]</ref>
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Coutts yana da yawan jama'a 224 da ke zaune a cikin 112 daga cikin 152 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -8.6% daga yawanta na 2016 na 245. Tare da yankin ƙasa na 1.18 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 189.8/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Coutts ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 245 da ke zaune a cikin 122 daga cikin 159 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -11.6% daga yawan jama'arta na 2011 na 277. Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.24|km2|sqmi}}, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 197.6/km a shekarar 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin ƙauyuka a Alberta
* Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Ketare
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
{{Geographic Location|Centre=Coutts|North=[[Milk River, Alberta|Milk River]]|Northeast=[[Allerston, Alberta|Allerston]]|East=[[Aden, Alberta|Aden]]|Southeast=[[Chester, Montana|Chester (USA)]]|South=[[Sunburst, Montana|Sunburst (USA)]]|Southwest=[[Cut Bank, Montana|Cut Bank (USA)]]|West=[[Del Bonita, Alberta|Del Bonita]]|Northwest=[[Magrath, Alberta|Magrath]]}}{{Subdivisions of Alberta|villages=yes}}{{Alberta Regions South Saskatchewan}}{{Authority control}}{{Coord|49|00|N|111|57|W|region:CA_type:city}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|49|00|N|111|57|W|region:CA_type:city}}
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Crystal Springs, Alberta
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34930
165753
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2022-08-13T08:29:07Z
BnHamid
12586
/* Nassoshi */
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox settlement|name=Crystal Springs|official_name=Summer Village of Crystal Springs|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of summer villages in Alberta|Summer village]]|motto=<!-- images and maps ----------->|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|pushpin_map=Alberta|pushpin_label_position=none<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_map_caption=Location of Crystal Springs in [[Alberta]]|pushpin_mapsize=220|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Alberta|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 11, Alberta|No. 11]]|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=|government_footnotes=<ref>{{AMOS}}</ref>|government_type=[[Municipal incorporation]]|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Ian Rawlinson|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Crystal Springs Summer Village Council|leader_title2=|leader_name2=|leader_title3=|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Incorporated|established_date=January 1, 1957|established_title2=|established_date2=|established_title3=|established_date3=|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=0.45|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/>|population_note=|population_total=74 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=163.4|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|coordinates={{coord|52.98110|-114.04628|region:CA-AB|display=inline,title}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|blank1_name=|blank1_info=|website={{official URL}}|footnotes=}}
'''Crystal Springs''' ƙauyen bazara ne a cikin Alberta, Kanada. Tana kan gabar kudu maso gabas na tafkin Pigeon, {{Convert|1.2|km|mi}} arewa da Highway 13 . Al'ummar ta yi iyaka da ƙauyen bazara na Grandview zuwa arewa maso yamma da ƙauyen da ke tafkin Pigeon zuwa kudu.
== Tarihi ==
Crystal Springs ya janye daga Gundumar Municipal na Wetaskiwin No. 74 kuma an haɗa shi a matsayin ƙauyen bazara a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1957.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen bazara na Crystal Springs yana da yawan jama'a 74 da ke zaune a cikin 40 daga cikin 130 na jimlar gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 45.1% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 51. Tare da filin ƙasa na 0.45 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 164.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen bazara na Crystal Springs yana da yawan jama'a 51 da ke zaune a cikin 26 daga cikin 108 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -43.3% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 90. Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.57|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 89.5/km a cikin 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin ƙauyukan bazara a Alberta
* Jerin ƙauyukan shakatawa a cikin Saskatchewan
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
{{Subdivisions of Alberta|SV=yes}}
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County of St. Paul No. 19
0
34979
165743
164284
2022-08-13T07:56:56Z
BnHamid
12586
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{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->|official_name=County of St. Paul No. 19|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|motto=<!-- images and maps ----------->|image_skyline=County of St. Paul AB sign.jpg|image_caption=Welcome sign|image_map={{Location map+ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|caption =
|float = center
|places =
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[St. Paul, Alberta|'''St. Paul''']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Town.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = bottom
|lat_deg = 53.992778
|lon_deg = -111.297222}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Elk Point, Alberta|'''Elk Point''']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Town.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = bottom
|lat_deg = 53.896667
|lon_deg = -110.897222}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Mallaig, Alberta|Mallaig]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = left
|lat_deg = 54.210278
|lon_deg = -111.360833}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Heinsburg, Alberta|Heinsburg]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = left
|lat_deg = 53.7675
|lon_deg = -110.521667}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Ashmont, Alberta|Ashmont]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = left
|lat_deg = 54.129167
|lon_deg = -111.568056}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Lindbergh, Alberta|Lindbergh]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = right
|lat_deg = 53.8875
|lon_deg = -110.672778}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[Lafond, Alberta|Lafond]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = right
|lat_deg = 53.889444
|lon_deg = -111.466111}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[St. Edouard, Alberta|St. Edouard]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = right
|lat_deg = 53.991111
|lon_deg = -111.118611}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[St. Lina, Alberta|St. Lina]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = left
|lat_deg = 54.296111
|lon_deg = -111.453611}}
{{Location map~ |CAN AB Saint Paul
|label = [[St. Vincent, Alberta|St. Vincent]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = right
|lat_deg = 54.153611
|lon_deg = -111.278056}}
}}|image_map1=AB locator COUNTY OF ST PAUL NO 19.svg|mapsize1=200|map_caption1=Location within [[Alberta]]
<!-- Location ------------------>|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_type2=[[Regions of Canada#Alberta|Region]]|subdivision_name2=[[Northern Alberta]]|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Alberta|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 12, Alberta|12]]|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=<!-- Politics ----------------->|government_footnotes=<ref name=council>[http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/mc_municipal_officials_search.cfm Alberta Municipal Affairs: Municipal Officials Search]</ref>|government_type=|leader_title=[[Reeve (Canada)|Reeve]]|leader_name=Glen Ockerman|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=County of St. Paul Council|leader_title2=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta#Administrative office locations|Administrative office]]|leader_name2=[[St. Paul, Alberta|St. Paul]]|established_title=Established|established_date=1942|established_title2=Incorporated|established_date2=1962 (County)|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=3280.4|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/>|population_note=|population_total=6306 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=1.9|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_blank2_title=|population_blank2=|timezone=[[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|website={{URL|www.county.stpaul.ab.ca|county.stpaul.ab.ca}}|footnotes=}}
Gundumar '''St. Paul Lamba 19''' gundumar birni ce a gabashin tsakiyar Alberta, Kanada. Tana cikin Sashen ƙidayar jama'a mai lamba 12, ofishinta na birni yana cikin Garin St. Paul .
== Tarihi ==
A baya an san ta da ''Gundumar Municipal na St. Paul No. 86'' har zuwa Janairu 1, 1962 lokacin da ta zama gundumar St. Paul No. 19.
== Geography ==
=== Al'ummomi da yankuna ===
<div style="width:70%">
Waɗannan yankuna suna cikin gundumar St. Paul No. 19.
; Yankuna
</div>
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, gundumar St. Paul mai lamba 19 tana da yawan jama'a 6,306 da ke zaune a cikin 2,491 daga cikin 3,764 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 4.5% daga yawanta na 2016 na 6,036. Tare da fadin 3,280.4 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 1.9/km a cikin 2021.
Yawan jama'ar gundumar St. Paul mai lamba 19 bisa ga ƙidayar jama'arta ta 2017 6,468 ne, canjin 4.9% daga ƙidayar jama'arta na birni na 2012 na 6,168.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, gundumar St. Paul Lamba 19 tana da yawan jama'a 6,036 da ke zaune a cikin 2,334 daga cikin 3,562 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 3.6% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 5,826. Tare da fadin {{Convert|3309.44|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 1.8/km a cikin 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin gundumomin gundumomi a Alberta
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* I {{Official website}}
{{Geographic location|Centre=County of St. Paul No. 19|Northwest=[[Lac La Biche County]]|North=[[Lac La Biche County]]|Northeast=[[Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87]]|East=[[Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87]]|Southeast=[[County of Vermilion River]]|South=[[County of Two Hills No. 21]]|Southwest=[[County of Two Hills No. 21]]|West=[[Smoky Lake County]]}}{{Alberta|RM=yes}}
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Consul, Saskatchewan
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35035
165738
164474
2022-08-13T07:51:04Z
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Consul|official_name=Village of Consul|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=Consul Saskatchewan Wheat Pool.JPG|imagesize=|image_caption=The Former [[Saskatchewan Wheat Pool]] [[Grain elevator|elevators]] in Consul|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=CAN SK Reno#Saskatchewan|pushpin_map_caption=|coordinates={{coord|49.2954|-109.5198|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|pushpin_label_position=top|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Southwest|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 4, Saskatchewan|4]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51|Reno]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1911 Consul Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Linda Brown|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Yvonne Leismeister|leader_title3=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name3=[[Jeremy Patzer]]|leader_title4=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name4=[[Doug Steele]]|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=|area_land_km2=0.65|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=50|population_density_km2=130.1|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0N 0P0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|13}}<br>{{jct|state=SK|Hwy|21}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Great Western Railway (Saskatchewan)|Great Western Railway]]|website=|footnotes=}}
'''Consul''' ( yawan jama'a na 2021 : 50 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Reno No. 51 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 4 . Hanyar Red Coat Trail mai tarihi da Babbar Hanya 21 ta wuce ƙauyen. Ƙauyen yana da ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin haɓaka hatsi na ƙarshe a yankin. Yana da 211 km kudu maso yammacin birnin Swift na yanzu .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa Consul a matsayin ƙauye ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1917.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Consul yana da yawan jama'a 50 da ke zaune a cikin 30 daga cikin 36 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na -31.5% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 73 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.7|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 71.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Consul ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 73 da ke zaune a cikin 39 daga cikin jimlar 40 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -15.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 84 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.65|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 112.3/km a cikin 2016.
== Ilimi ==
Makaranta Consul wurin zama na Kindergarten zuwa Grade 12 da ke hidima ga ɗalibai kusan 70 a cikin matsananciyar kusurwar kudu maso yamma na Saskatchewan. Makarantar Consul wani yanki ne na Makarantar Makarantar Chinook wanda ya haɗa da galibin kudu maso yammacin Saskatchewan.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
==Manzarta==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=|North=[[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]<br>[[Maple Creek, Saskatchewan|Maple Creek]]|Northeast=[[Robsart, Saskatchewan|Robsart]]|West=[[Senate, Saskatchewan|Senate]]<br>[[Govenlock, Saskatchewan|Govenlock]]|Centre=Consul|East=[[Vidora, Saskatchewan|Vidora]]|Southwest=|South=[[Havre, Montana|Havre]]|Southeast=[[Divide, Saskatchewan|Divide]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision4}}{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Consul|official_name=Village of Consul|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=Consul Saskatchewan Wheat Pool.JPG|imagesize=|image_caption=The Former [[Saskatchewan Wheat Pool]] [[Grain elevator|elevators]] in Consul|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=CAN SK Reno#Saskatchewan|pushpin_map_caption=|coordinates={{coord|49.2954|-109.5198|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|pushpin_label_position=top|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Southwest|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 4, Saskatchewan|4]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51|Reno]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1911 Consul Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Linda Brown|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Yvonne Leismeister|leader_title3=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name3=[[Jeremy Patzer]]|leader_title4=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name4=[[Doug Steele]]|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=|area_land_km2=0.65|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=50|population_density_km2=130.1|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0N 0P0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|13}}<br>{{jct|state=SK|Hwy|21}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Great Western Railway (Saskatchewan)|Great Western Railway]]|website=|footnotes=}}
'''Consul''' ( yawan jama'a na 2021 : 50 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Reno No. 51 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 4 . Hanyar Red Coat Trail mai tarihi da Babbar Hanya 21 ta wuce ƙauyen. Ƙauyen yana da ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin haɓaka hatsi na ƙarshe a yankin. Yana da 211 km kudu maso yammacin birnin Swift na yanzu .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa Consul a matsayin ƙauye ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1917.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Consul yana da yawan jama'a 50 da ke zaune a cikin 30 daga cikin 36 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na -31.5% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 73 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.7|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 71.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Consul ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 73 da ke zaune a cikin 39 daga cikin jimlar 40 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -15.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 84 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.65|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 112.3/km a cikin 2016.
== Ilimi ==
Makaranta Consul wurin zama na Kindergarten zuwa Grade 12 da ke hidima ga ɗalibai kusan 70 a cikin matsananciyar kusurwar kudu maso yamma na Saskatchewan. Makarantar Consul wani yanki ne na Makarantar Makarantar Chinook wanda ya haɗa da galibin kudu maso yammacin Saskatchewan.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
==Manzarta==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=|North=[[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]<br>[[Maple Creek, Saskatchewan|Maple Creek]]|Northeast=[[Robsart, Saskatchewan|Robsart]]|West=[[Senate, Saskatchewan|Senate]]<br>[[Govenlock, Saskatchewan|Govenlock]]|Centre=Consul|East=[[Vidora, Saskatchewan|Vidora]]|Southwest=|South=[[Havre, Montana|Havre]]|Southeast=[[Divide, Saskatchewan|Divide]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision4}}{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
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165768
165739
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DonCamillo
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{{databox}}
'''Consul''' ( yawan jama'a na 2021 : 50 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Reno No. 51 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 4 . Hanyar Red Coat Trail mai tarihi da Babbar Hanya 21 ta wuce ƙauyen. Ƙauyen yana da ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin haɓaka hatsi na ƙarshe a yankin. Yana da 211 km kudu maso yammacin birnin Swift na yanzu .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa Consul a matsayin ƙauye ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1917.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Consul yana da yawan jama'a 50 da ke zaune a cikin 30 daga cikin 36 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na -31.5% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 73 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.7|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 71.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Consul ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 73 da ke zaune a cikin 39 daga cikin jimlar 40 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -15.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 84 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.65|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 112.3/km a cikin 2016.
== Ilimi ==
Makaranta Consul wurin zama na Kindergarten zuwa Grade 12 da ke hidima ga ɗalibai kusan 70 a cikin matsananciyar kusurwar kudu maso yamma na Saskatchewan. Makarantar Consul wani yanki ne na Makarantar Makarantar Chinook wanda ya haɗa da galibin kudu maso yammacin Saskatchewan.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
==Manzarta==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=|North=[[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]<br>[[Maple Creek, Saskatchewan|Maple Creek]]|Northeast=[[Robsart, Saskatchewan|Robsart]]|West=[[Senate, Saskatchewan|Senate]]<br>[[Govenlock, Saskatchewan|Govenlock]]|Centre=Consul|East=[[Vidora, Saskatchewan|Vidora]]|Southwest=|South=[[Havre, Montana|Havre]]|Southeast=[[Divide, Saskatchewan|Divide]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision4}}{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|49.2954|N|109.5198|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
ipq5cu8ay6sqf9kd1c2frkfxf6g73kz
Yakin Kousséri
0
35193
165579
2022-08-12T13:27:26Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1021722202|Battle of Kousséri]]"
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text/x-wiki
'''Yakin Kousséri''' ta samo asali ne daga shirin Faransa na mamaye yankin Chari-Baguirmi. A tsakanin shekarun 1899-1900 – Faransa ta shirya rundunoni uku masu dauke da makamai, ɗaya ta taso daga arewa ta kasar [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Kongo]], ɗaya daga gabas ta [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] da wani kudu daga [[Aljeriya]]. Manufar ita ce a haɗe dukan garuruwan da Faransa ta mallaka a Yammacin Afirka, kuma an cim ma hakan a ranar 21 ga Afrilun 1900 a gefen dama ga Chari da ke ƙasar Chadi a yanzu da ke daura da Kousséri, a yankin arewacin [[Kamaru]] na yau.
== Gabatarwa ==
A shekara ta 1899, masharin mayaki na kasar [[Sudan]] Rabih az-Zubayr zai iya fitar da sojoji da dawaki sama da kimanin 10,000, dukkansu an tanadar musu da bindigogi (sai dai bindigogi 400, wadanda akasarinsu sun tsufa), da kuma adadi mai yawa na dakarun taimako dauke da ababen hangen nesa ko baka. Sojojinsa sun rike kagara a [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]] da Karnak Logone.
A shekarar 1899, Rabih ya karɓi bakoncin wakilin Faransa Ferdinand de Béhagle a Dikoa. Tattaunawar tsakanin su ta lalace, kuma yasa an kama Béhagle. A ranar 17 ga Yuli, 1899, an kashe Lieutenant Bretonnet tare da yawancin mutanensa a Togbao, wanda Faransa ta aika da sojoji zuwa ga Rabih, a gefen kogin [[Kogin Chari|Chari]], [[Sarh]] ta yau. Rabih ya sami igwa guda uku daga wannan nasara (wanda Faransawa suka sake kwacewa a Kousséri) kuma ya umarci dansa Fadlallah, wanda ya bari a Dikoa, ya rataye Béhagle.
Dangane da martani, wata rundunar Faransa da ta fito daga [[Gabon]] kuma Emile Gentil ya jagorance ta, wanda jirgin ruwan Leon Blot ke goyan bayan, ta fuskanci Rabih a Kouno a ƙarshen shekara. An fara cin galabar Faransawa, yayin da suke fama da asara, amma suka sake haduwa suka ci gaba da zuwa garin Kousséri. Anan, sun haɗu da rundunar Lamy (daga [[Aljeriya]] ) da tsohuwar Ofishin Jakadancin Voulet-Chanoine, wanda ta taso daga [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]]. A wannan runduna, Joalland-Meynier ne ya ba da umarnin wannan shafi, bayan Voulet da Chanoine sun kashe jami'in Faransa da aka aika don ya rage musu, lokacin da labari ya isa ga manema labarai na Turai game da zaluncin da manufa ta yi wa mutanen yankin. Lamy ya dauki kwamandan rundunar hadin gwiwa.
== Yaƙi ==
An yi zaman karshe tsakanin Rabih da Faransa a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1900. Sojojin Faransa sun ƙunshi dakaru 700, da kuma ƴan bindiga 600 da kuma dawakai 200 waɗanda abokansu na Baguirmia suka bayar. Inda Kousséri na Faransa da ginshiƙai uku suka kai hari sansanin Rabih, kuma a cikin yakin, an kashe kwamandan Faransa Major Amédée-François Lamy. Duk da haka, an mamaye sojojin Rabih, yayin da suke yunkurin tserewa daga kogin Chari, wani dan tada kayar baya na tawagar Afirka ta Tsakiya ya harbi Rabih a kai sakamakon. A dalilin cewa yaji ance akwai kyauta ga duk wanda ya kawo gawar Rabih, sai maharin ya dawo filin kan Rabih da hannunsa na dama.
Mutanen da suka mutu sun kai 28 an jikkata 75 a bangaren Faransa; 1,000 zuwa 1,500 sun mutu sannan fiye da 3,000 sun ji rauni a bangaren Rabah, ciki har da mata da yara da ke tare da sojoji.
== Muhimmanci ==
Bayan anci galabar sojojin Rabih, Faransawa sun tabbatar da iko da galibin kasar Chadi, wadda ta zama wani bangare na daular Faransa ta mulkin mallaka. Tafiyar da <a href="./Voulet-Chanoine%20Mission" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Voulet-Chanoine Mission" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="128">Voulet-Chanoine Mission</a> a [[Burkina Faso]] da [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] na zamani ya janyo mallakar waɗannan yankuna, kuma sojojin Aljeriya sun nuna cewa za a iya yin galaba a kan hamadar sahara. Wani kudurin al'ummai daga Gabon, ya kara taimakawa wajen ayyana iyakoki na ikon mulkin mallaka na Faransa da Burtaniya, kuma ya danganta mallakar Faransawa guda uku mafi kwanciyar hankali a Afirka ( [[Senegal]] da [[Neja (kogi)|Kogin Neja]] Upper, Gabon da [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Kongo-Brazzaville]], da Aljeriya). . A cikin tarihin mulkin mallaka na Faransa, ana ganin Yaƙin Kousséri a matsayin ƙarshen ƙarshen Scramble don Afirka da farkon lokacin "kwantar da hankali" na Yammacin Faransa da Afirka Equatorial .
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Rabih az-Zubayr, decapitated head.jpg|Kan Rabih, kofin fagen fama bayan yaqin.
File:Drapeau de Rabeh.jpg|Tutocin yaƙin Rabih, waɗanda Faransawa suka kama bayan yaƙin.
File:Canon Rabah 1b.jpg|Daya daga cikin igwan Rabih da Faransawa suka kama.
</gallery>
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
* Byron Farwell . Encyclopedia na Yaƙin Ƙasa na ƙarni na sha tara. WW Norton & Kamfanin (2001) shafi. 466-467
* Robin Hallett. Afirka Tun 1875: Tarihin Zamani. Jami'ar Michigan (1974) shafi na 444
* Victor T. Le Vine, Roger P. Nye. Kamus na Tarihi na Kamaru. Mai Jarida Scarecrow (1974)
* James Stuart Olson, Robert Shadle, Ross Marlay, William Ratliff, Joseph M. Rowe. Kamus na Tarihi na Imperialism na Turai. Buga Greenwood (1991) shafi. 123-124
{{Coord|12.0667|N|15.0333|E|source:wikidata}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|12.0667|N|15.0333|E|source:wikidata}}
[[Category:Tarihin kasar Kamaru]]
3ecvbedpna9ofexlokvgb6x95bx55yc
165580
165579
2022-08-12T13:27:44Z
Uncle Bash007
9891
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Databox}}
'''Yakin Kousséri''' ta samo asali ne daga shirin Faransa na mamaye yankin Chari-Baguirmi. A tsakanin shekarun 1899-1900 – Faransa ta shirya rundunoni uku masu dauke da makamai, ɗaya ta taso daga arewa ta kasar [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Kongo]], ɗaya daga gabas ta [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] da wani kudu daga [[Aljeriya]]. Manufar ita ce a haɗe dukan garuruwan da Faransa ta mallaka a Yammacin Afirka, kuma an cim ma hakan a ranar 21 ga Afrilun 1900 a gefen dama ga Chari da ke ƙasar Chadi a yanzu da ke daura da Kousséri, a yankin arewacin [[Kamaru]] na yau.
== Gabatarwa ==
A shekara ta 1899, masharin mayaki na kasar [[Sudan]] Rabih az-Zubayr zai iya fitar da sojoji da dawaki sama da kimanin 10,000, dukkansu an tanadar musu da bindigogi (sai dai bindigogi 400, wadanda akasarinsu sun tsufa), da kuma adadi mai yawa na dakarun taimako dauke da ababen hangen nesa ko baka. Sojojinsa sun rike kagara a [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]] da Karnak Logone.
A shekarar 1899, Rabih ya karɓi bakoncin wakilin Faransa Ferdinand de Béhagle a Dikoa. Tattaunawar tsakanin su ta lalace, kuma yasa an kama Béhagle. A ranar 17 ga Yuli, 1899, an kashe Lieutenant Bretonnet tare da yawancin mutanensa a Togbao, wanda Faransa ta aika da sojoji zuwa ga Rabih, a gefen kogin [[Kogin Chari|Chari]], [[Sarh]] ta yau. Rabih ya sami igwa guda uku daga wannan nasara (wanda Faransawa suka sake kwacewa a Kousséri) kuma ya umarci dansa Fadlallah, wanda ya bari a Dikoa, ya rataye Béhagle.
Dangane da martani, wata rundunar Faransa da ta fito daga [[Gabon]] kuma Emile Gentil ya jagorance ta, wanda jirgin ruwan Leon Blot ke goyan bayan, ta fuskanci Rabih a Kouno a ƙarshen shekara. An fara cin galabar Faransawa, yayin da suke fama da asara, amma suka sake haduwa suka ci gaba da zuwa garin Kousséri. Anan, sun haɗu da rundunar Lamy (daga [[Aljeriya]] ) da tsohuwar Ofishin Jakadancin Voulet-Chanoine, wanda ta taso daga [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]]. A wannan runduna, Joalland-Meynier ne ya ba da umarnin wannan shafi, bayan Voulet da Chanoine sun kashe jami'in Faransa da aka aika don ya rage musu, lokacin da labari ya isa ga manema labarai na Turai game da zaluncin da manufa ta yi wa mutanen yankin. Lamy ya dauki kwamandan rundunar hadin gwiwa.
== Yaƙi ==
An yi zaman karshe tsakanin Rabih da Faransa a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1900. Sojojin Faransa sun ƙunshi dakaru 700, da kuma ƴan bindiga 600 da kuma dawakai 200 waɗanda abokansu na Baguirmia suka bayar. Inda Kousséri na Faransa da ginshiƙai uku suka kai hari sansanin Rabih, kuma a cikin yakin, an kashe kwamandan Faransa Major Amédée-François Lamy. Duk da haka, an mamaye sojojin Rabih, yayin da suke yunkurin tserewa daga kogin Chari, wani dan tada kayar baya na tawagar Afirka ta Tsakiya ya harbi Rabih a kai sakamakon. A dalilin cewa yaji ance akwai kyauta ga duk wanda ya kawo gawar Rabih, sai maharin ya dawo filin kan Rabih da hannunsa na dama.
Mutanen da suka mutu sun kai 28 an jikkata 75 a bangaren Faransa; 1,000 zuwa 1,500 sun mutu sannan fiye da 3,000 sun ji rauni a bangaren Rabah, ciki har da mata da yara da ke tare da sojoji.
== Muhimmanci ==
Bayan anci galabar sojojin Rabih, Faransawa sun tabbatar da iko da galibin kasar Chadi, wadda ta zama wani bangare na daular Faransa ta mulkin mallaka. Tafiyar da <a href="./Voulet-Chanoine%20Mission" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Voulet-Chanoine Mission" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="128">Voulet-Chanoine Mission</a> a [[Burkina Faso]] da [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] na zamani ya janyo mallakar waɗannan yankuna, kuma sojojin Aljeriya sun nuna cewa za a iya yin galaba a kan hamadar sahara. Wani kudurin al'ummai daga Gabon, ya kara taimakawa wajen ayyana iyakoki na ikon mulkin mallaka na Faransa da Burtaniya, kuma ya danganta mallakar Faransawa guda uku mafi kwanciyar hankali a Afirka ( [[Senegal]] da [[Neja (kogi)|Kogin Neja]] Upper, Gabon da [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Kongo-Brazzaville]], da Aljeriya). . A cikin tarihin mulkin mallaka na Faransa, ana ganin Yaƙin Kousséri a matsayin ƙarshen ƙarshen Scramble don Afirka da farkon lokacin "kwantar da hankali" na Yammacin Faransa da Afirka Equatorial .
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Rabih az-Zubayr, decapitated head.jpg|Kan Rabih, kofin fagen fama bayan yaqin.
File:Drapeau de Rabeh.jpg|Tutocin yaƙin Rabih, waɗanda Faransawa suka kama bayan yaƙin.
File:Canon Rabah 1b.jpg|Daya daga cikin igwan Rabih da Faransawa suka kama.
</gallery>
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
* Byron Farwell . Encyclopedia na Yaƙin Ƙasa na ƙarni na sha tara. WW Norton & Kamfanin (2001) shafi. 466-467
* Robin Hallett. Afirka Tun 1875: Tarihin Zamani. Jami'ar Michigan (1974) shafi na 444
* Victor T. Le Vine, Roger P. Nye. Kamus na Tarihi na Kamaru. Mai Jarida Scarecrow (1974)
* James Stuart Olson, Robert Shadle, Ross Marlay, William Ratliff, Joseph M. Rowe. Kamus na Tarihi na Imperialism na Turai. Buga Greenwood (1991) shafi. 123-124
{{Coord|12.0667|N|15.0333|E|source:wikidata}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|12.0667|N|15.0333|E|source:wikidata}}
[[Category:Tarihin kasar Kamaru]]
f8ycyws10s3hc4gbci2o8moqni2uc42
Meacham, Saskatchewan
0
35194
165597
2022-08-12T15:04:09Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082054004|Meacham, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||official_name=Meacham|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=Village|motto=|image_skyline=Meacham Saskatchewan 2014.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Railway Avenue|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada|pushpin_map_caption=Location of '''Meacham''' in [[Saskatchewan]]|coordinates={{coord|52.106|-105.768|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 11, Saskatchewan|11]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Colonsay No. 342, Saskatchewan|Colonsay]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=Mayor/Council|leader_title=[[Mayor]]|leader_name=Travis Harriman|leader_title1=Administrator|leader_name1=Juanita Bendig|leader_title2=Governing body|leader_name2=Meacham Village Council|leader_title3=|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=1912-08-01|established_title2=Incorporated (Village)|established_date2=|established_title3=Incorporated (Town)|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=1.27|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name="census2011pop" >{{cite web
| title = 2011 Community Profiles
| work = Statistics Canada
| publisher =Government of Canada
| url =http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
| access-date = 2014-08-21}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=99|population_density_km2=66.1|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=National Population Rank (Out of 5,008)|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=CST|utc_offset=|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0K 2V0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info=[[Saskatchewan Highway 2|Highway 2]]|blank1_name=Waterways|blank1_info=|website=|footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|access-date=2014-08-21
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|last=Government of Saskatchewan
|first=MRD Home
|title=Municipal Directory System
|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|access-date=2014-08-21
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115125115/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|archive-date=2016-01-15
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>|name=}}
'''Meacham''' ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 99 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Mulki ta Colonsay No. 342 da Sashen ƙidayar jama'a mai lamba 11 . Tana da nisan kilomita 69 gabas da Birnin Saskatoon akan Babbar Hanya 2 .
== Tarihi ==
Meacham an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1912.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Meacham yana da yawan jama'a 96 da ke zaune a cikin 46 daga cikin 51 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -3% daga yawan 2016 na 99 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.26|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 76.2/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Meacham ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 99 da ke zaune a cikin 43 daga cikin 55 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 15.2% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 84 . Tare da yankin ƙasa na {{Convert|1.27|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 78.0/km a cikin 2016.
== Arts da al'adu ==
Ƙauyen gida ne ga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dancing Sky, wanda ya samar da wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada a Meacham tun 1997. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye na asali da yawa, kuma ya sanya yawon shakatawa don 10 na nunin. <ref>[http://www.dancingskytheatre.com Theatre Company Description]</ref>
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=[[Prud'homme, Saskatchewan|Prud'homme]]|North=[[Cudworth, Saskatchewan|Cudworth]]|Northeast=[[Bruno, Saskatchewan|Bruno]]|West=[[St. Denis, Saskatchewan|St. Denis]]|Centre=Meacham|East=[[Burr, Saskatchewan|Burr]]|Southwest=[[Colonsay, Saskatchewan|Colonsay]]|South=[[Young, Saskatchewan|Young]]|Southeast=[[Viscount, Saskatchewan|Viscount]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision11}}{{Authority control}}{{Coord|52.106|N|105.768|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|52.106|N|105.768|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
spnubt4eiilpeg5m9kplph0jfesvuvr
Irma, Alberta
0
35195
165598
2022-08-12T15:06:58Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1085918699|Irma, Alberta]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Irma|official_name=Village of Irma|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=Irma - Village.JPG|imagesize=|image_caption=Main Street|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|pushpin_map=Canada Alberta <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_map_caption=|pushpin_mapsize=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Alberta]]|subdivision_type2=[[Regions of Canada#Alberta|Region]]|subdivision_name2=[[Central Alberta]]|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Alberta|Census Division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 7, Alberta|No. 7]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of municipal districts in Alberta|Municipal district]]|subdivision_name4=[[Municipal District of Wainwright No. 61]]|government_footnotes=<ref>{{AMOS}}</ref>|government_type=|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Dennis Fuder|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=Irma Village Council|leader_title2=|leader_name2=|leader_title3=|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Founded|established_date=1908|established_title1=Incorporated<ref name=AMAVillageProfiles>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/VILG.PDF | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | title=Location and History Profile: Village of Irma | page=407 | date=October 21, 2016 | access-date=October 23, 2016}}</ref>|established_date1= |established_title2= • [[List of villages in Alberta|Village]]|established_date2=May 30, 1912|area_footnotes= (2021)<ref name=2021census/>|area_land_km2=1.32|population_as_of=2021|population_footnotes=<ref name=2021census/>|population_note=|population_total=477 <!-- 2021 StatCan census population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2021 StatCan census population in the body). -->|population_density_km2=361.7|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]|utc_offset=−7|timezone_DST=MDT|utc_offset_DST=−6|coordinates={{coord|52|54|44|N|111|14|1|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline,title}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=690|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=[[List of Alberta provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info=[[Alberta Highway 14|14]]<br>[[Alberta Highway 881|881]]|blank1_name=|blank1_info=|website={{official website|www.irma.ca}}|footnotes=}}
'''Irma''' ƙauye ne a tsakiyar Alberta, Kanada. Tana da nisan {{Convert|29|km|mi}} arewa maso yamma na Wainwright da 178 km kudu maso gabashin [[Edmonton]] tare da Babbar Hanya 14 da Babbar Hanya 881 .
== Tarihi ==
Ƙauyen Irma ya kasance a cikin 1908 lokacin da Grand Trunk Pacific Railway ya zo. Daga baya an haɗa Irma a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1912. An yi zaton an sanya wa kauyen sunan diyar mataimakin shugaban GTPR na biyu Janar William Wainwright. Bayanai sun nuna gobara uku da ta tashi a cikin garin. Wadannan sun faru a cikin 1911, 1931 da 1963. Yawancin gine-ginen da ke kan babban titi (yanzu 50 Street) an sake gina su bayan gobarar 1931. Makarantar sakandare ta farko ta Alberta tana cikin Irma; daga ƙarshe aka maye gurbinsa kuma an buɗe sabuwar makarantar a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2019.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Irma yana da yawan jama'a 477 da ke zaune a cikin 207 daga cikin 240 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -8.4% daga yawanta na 2016 na 521. Tare da yankin ƙasa na 1.32 km2 , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 361.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙididdigar yawan jama'a na 2016 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, ƙauyen Irma ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 521 da ke zaune a cikin 221 daga cikin 242 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 14% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 457. Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.34|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 388.8/km a cikin 2016.
== Fitattun mutane ==
* Jean Paré – marubucin littafin dafa abinci kuma mawallafi
* Gord Mark - ɗan wasan NHL, wanda New Jersey Devils ya tsara, zagaye 6 #105 gabaɗaya, 1983 NHL Shiga Draft. Yi wasa tare da Aljannu (1986-1988) da Edmonton Oilers (1993-1995)
* Carson Soucy - Dan wasan NHL, wanda Minnesota Wild ya tsara, zagaye 5 #137 gabaɗaya, 2013 NHL Shiga Draft. An buga shi da daji (2017-2018)
* Parker MacKay - Jami'ar Minnesota-Duluth (2015-2019), kyaftin na 2018-2019
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a Alberta
* Jerin ƙauyuka a Alberta
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website}}
{{Subdivisions of Alberta|villages=yes}}
k8t5od3ajbeabt3rinl5ss3bgvppajr
Conquest, Saskatchewan
0
35196
165599
2022-08-12T19:53:18Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082044238|Conquest, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Conquest<!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->|official_name=Village of Conquest|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=File:Conquest, Saskatchewan 2016.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=[[Grain elevators]] in ''Conquest''|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|Canada}}|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Saskatchewan}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Central|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 12, Saskatchewan|12]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Fertile Valley No. 285, Saskatchewan|Fertile Valley No. 285]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1910 Conquest Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Douglas Lemon|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Bobbi Jones|leader_title3=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=2011|established_title3=|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=|area_land_km2=1.00|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=[[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=160|population_density_km2=160.5|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|51.310|-107.220|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0L 0L0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|15}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Canadian Pacific Railway]]|website=|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Canadian Textiles Institute.|title=CTI Determine your provincial constituency|year=2005|url=http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911025012/http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|archive-date=2007-09-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|last=Government of Saskatchewan
|first=MRD Home
|title=Municipal Directory System
|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|access-date=2014-12-16
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115125115/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|archive-date=2016-01-15
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>}}
'''Nasara''' ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 160 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Ƙauyen Kwarin No. 285 da Ƙungiyar Ƙididdiga ta 12 .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa cin nasara a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1911.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Kanada ta gudanar, Conquest yana da yawan jama'a 167 da ke zaune a cikin 75 daga cikin 76 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin 4.4% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 160 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa {{Convert|1|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 167.0/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Nasara ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a na 160 da ke zaune a cikin 70 daga cikin 78 duka gidajen masu zaman kansu, a -10% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 176 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa {{Convert|1|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 160.0/km a cikin 2016.
== Arts da al'adu ==
Cin nasara shine saitin fim ɗin <nowiki><i id="mwPA">Nasara</i></nowiki> na 1998.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=[[Harris, Saskatchewan|Harris]]|North=[[Ardath, Saskatchewan|Ardath]]|Northeast=[[Swanson, Saskatchewan|Swanson]]|West=[[Bounty, Saskatchewan|Bounty]]|Centre=Conquest|East=[[Outlook, Saskatchewan|Outlook]]|Southwest=[[Anerley, Saskatchewan|Anerley]]|South=[[Surbiton, Saskatchewan|Surbiton]]|Southeast=[[Bratton, Saskatchewan|Bratton]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision12}}{{Coord|51.310|N|107.220|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|51.310|N|107.220|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
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Simpson, Saskatchewan
0
35197
165600
2022-08-12T19:55:03Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1092543761|Simpson, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|official_name=Simpson|settlement_type=<!--For Town, hamlet or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->|image_skyline=Simpson Saskatchewan.jpg|image_caption=Railway Avenue|image_flag=|image_seal=|nickname=|motto=|image_map=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan
<!--
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Moose Jaw - Lake Centre [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]]|leader_name1=|leader_title2=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial Constituency]] [[Member of the Legislative Assembly|M.L.A.]]|leader_name2=|area_total_km2=1.41|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|elevation_m=|population_total=127<ref>{{cite web |url=http://census.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4711041&Geo2=PR&Code2=47&Data=Count&SearchText=Simpson&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&TABID=1&B1=All |title=Census Profile |work=[[Canada 2016 Census|2016 Census]] |publisher=Statistics Canada}}</ref>|population_as_of=2016|population_density_km2=89.8|population_urban=|population_metro=|population_note=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|website=[http://www.simpsonsask.ca/ Simpson]|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
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|last = Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first = Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title = Elections Canada On-line
|year = 2005
|url = http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status = dead
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}}</ref>}}
'''Simpson''' ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 127 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Wood Creek Lamba 281 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 11 . Yana tsakanin garuruwan Regina da Saskatoon akan Babbar Hanya 2 . Ofishin gudanarwa na karamar hukumar Wood Creek No. 281 yana cikin ƙauyen. Herman Bergren da Joseph Newman ne suka kafa gidan waya a cikin 1911 a lokacin gina layin dogo na Kanada na Pacific. An ba shi suna bayan George Simpson, gwamnan Hudson's Bay Company .
== Tarihi ==
Majagaba na farko na 1904 su ne George, John da Robert Simpson, Bill Grieve, William Cole, da EC Howie. An haɗa Simpson azaman ƙauye a ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1911.
== Geography ==
* Dutsen Dutsen Dutsen Ƙarshe, mafi dadewa mafi tsufa ga tsuntsaye na Arewacin Amirka, shine wurin yawon buɗe ido kusa. Yankin Namun daji na Ƙasa na Ƙarshe na Ƙarshe, Ƙungiyar Gudanar da namun daji na Ƙarshe na Ƙarshe, da Wurin Yanki na Ƙarshe na Ƙarshe duk wuraren kiyayewa ne kusa da Simpson akan ''Long Lake'' ko Last Mountain Lake.
* Tekun Manitou, wanda ke kan tafkin ruwan gishiri - ƙasar ruwan warkarwa - da gidan rawa mai tarihi na Danceland suna kusa da Simpson a Watrous . Wannan kuma wani babban abin jan hankali ne ga yankin.
== Shafukan sha'awa ==
An sanya ofishin gundumar Wood Creek na baya 281 a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1982, a matsayin wurin tarihi na birni kuma yanzu yana da gidan kayan gargajiya na gundumar Simpson.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Simpson yana da yawan jama'a 131 da ke zaune a cikin 64 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 83 masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 3.1% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 127 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.57|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 83.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, ƙauyen Simpson ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 127 da ke zaune a cikin 66 daga cikin 87 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -3.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 131 . Tare da yankin ƙasa na {{Convert|1.41|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 90.1/km a cikin 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin kananan hukumomin karkara a cikin Saskatchewan
* Simpson Flyers
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Kara karantawa ==
* Littafin Simpson da Imperial 1980.
{{Canadian City Geographic Location|North=[[Watrous, Saskatchewan|Watrous]] - [[Amazon, Saskatchewan|Amazon]]|West=[[Kenaston, Saskatchewan|Kenaston]]|Center=Simpson|East=[[Nokomis, Saskatchewan|Nokomis]]|South=[[Imperial, Saskatchewan|Imperial]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision11}}
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Rural Municipality of Viscount No. 341
0
35198
165601
2022-08-12T19:56:46Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082607335|Rural Municipality of Viscount No. 341]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Viscount No. 341|official_name=Rural Municipality of Viscount No. 341|settlement_type=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|other_name=|motto=|image_skyline=Viscount No. 341, SK S0K, Canada - panoramio (1).jpg|image_caption=Prairie landscape in the RM|imagesize=200|image_map=SK RM 341 Viscount.svg|mapsize=200|map_caption=Location of the RM of Viscount No. 341 in [[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Saskatchewan|Region]]|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 11, Saskatchewan|11]]|subdivision_type4=[[Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities|{{abbr|SARM|Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities}} division]]|subdivision_name4=[[SARM Division No. 5|5]]|subdivision_type5=[[Electoral district (Canada)|Federal riding]]|subdivision_name5=|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial riding]]|subdivision_name6=|government_footnotes=<ref name=MDSprofile>{{cite web | url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=10&mun=2579 | title=Municipality Details: RM of Viscount No. 341 | publisher=Government of Saskatchewan | access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref>|leader_title=[[Reeve (Canada)|Reeve]]|leader_name=Gordon Gusikoski|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=RM of Viscount No. 341 Council|leader_title2=Administrator|leader_name2=Joni Mack|leader_title3=Office location|leader_name3=[[Viscount, Saskatchewan|Viscount]]|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]] ({{abbr|LID|Local improvement district}})|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]]<ref name=ruralincorp/>|established_date2=December 13, 1909|established_title3=Name change|established_date3=|established_title4=Name change|established_date4=|established_title5=Amalgamated|established_date5=|area_footnotes= (2016)<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|area_land_km2=831.23 <!-- Use 2016 StatCan land area to accompany 2016 population -->|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|population_total=338 <!-- 2016 StatCan population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest estimate; this estimate can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2016 StatCan population in the body) -->|population_density_km2=0.4|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|timezone_DST=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|coordinates={{coord|51.809|N|105.513|W|region:CA-SK_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}<ref name=CGNDB>{{cite web | url=http://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/vector/geobase_cgn_toponyme/prov_csv_eng/ | title=Pre-packaged CSV files - CGN, Canada/Province/Territory (cgn_sk_csv_eng.zip) | publisher=Government of Canada | date=July 24, 2019 | access-date=May 23, 2020}}</ref>|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=|area_code=[[Area codes 306 and 639|306 and 639]]|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highway(s)]]|blank_info=|blank1_name=Railway(s)|blank1_info=|blank2_name=Waterway(s)|blank2_info=|website=|footnotes=}}
Karamar Hukumar '''Viscount No. 341''' ( yawan 2016 : 338 ) birni ne na karkara (RM) a cikin lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin Sashin ƙidayar jama'a na 11 da Sashen <nowiki><abbr about="#mwt42" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Abbr&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Template:Abbr&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;SARM&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwHA" title="Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">SARM</abbr></nowiki> No. 5 . Yana cikin tsakiyar yankin lardin.
== Tarihi ==
RM na Viscount No. 341 an haɗa shi azaman gundumar karkara a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1909.
== Geography ==
=== Al'ummomi da yankuna ===
Gundumomin birni masu zuwa suna kewaye da RM.
; Kauyuka
* Plunkett
* Visacount
Al'ummomin da ba a haɗa su ba suna cikin RM.
; Yankuna
* Masu zagi
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, RM na Viscount No. 341 yana da yawan jama'a 320 da ke zaune a cikin 135 daga cikin jimlar 145 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na -5.3% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 338 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|828.55|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, RM na Viscount No. 341 ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a na 338 da ke zaune a cikin 143 na jimlar 147 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -8.9% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 371 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|831.23|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Gwamnati ==
RM na Viscount No. 341 ana gudanar da shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun majalissar ƙaramar hukuma da naɗaɗɗen gudanarwa wanda ke haɗuwa a ranar Talata ta biyu na kowane wata. Babban RM shine Gordon Gusikoski yayin da mai kula da shi shine Joni Mack. Ofishin RM yana cikin Viscount.
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Commonscat}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|rural=yes}}{{SKDivision11}}
lh7zel9o4nqnnlysnlmaoqqix6irlwr
Lucky Lake
0
35199
165602
2022-08-12T19:58:37Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1097031749|Lucky Lake]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Lucky Lake|official_name=Village of Lucky Lake|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=J27839 LuckyLakeSK 20110926-150231.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Aerial view of ''Lucky Lake''|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada|pushpin_map_caption=Location of '''Lucky Lake''' in [[Saskatchewan]]|coordinates={{coord|50.998|-107.150|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|Canada}}|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Saskatchewan}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Southwest|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 7, Saskatchewan|7]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Canaan No. 225, Saskatchewan|Canaan No. 225]]|subdivision_name5=|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial Constituency]]|subdivision_name6=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=2074 Lucky Lake Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Blaine Trumbley|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Melanie Dyck|leader_title3=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=March 28, 1908|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=November 23, 1920|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=<ref name="census2016">{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4707059&Geo2=CD&Code2=4707&Data=Count&SearchText=lucky%20lake&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |title=Census Profile |work=[[Canada 2016 Census|2016 Census]] |publisher=Statistics Canada}}</ref>|area_total_km2=|area_land_km2=0.66|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=289|population_density_km2=438.7|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=National Population Rank|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0L 1Z0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|42}}<br>{{jct|state=SK|Hwy|45}}<br>{{jct|state=SK|Mun|646}}|blank1_name=Railway|blank1_info=[[Canadian National Railway]]|website=|footnotes=<ref name="census2011pop" >{{cite web
| title = 2011 Community Profiles
| work = Statistics Canada
| publisher =Government of Canada
| url =http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
| access-date =2014-04-09}}</ref><ref name="post office">{{Cite web
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|access-date=2014-07-15
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|last=Government of Saskatchewan
|first=MRD Home
|title=Municipal Directory System
|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|access-date=2014-07-15
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115125115/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|archive-date=2016-01-15
}}</ref><ref name="federal">{{Cite web
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|access-date=2014-07-15
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>}}
'''Lucky Lake''' ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 289 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Kan'ana mai lamba 225 da Sashen ƙidayar jama'a mai lamba 7 . Kauyen yana a mahadar Highway 42, Highway 45 da Highway 646 kamar 90 km arewa maso gabas na Swift Current, Saskatchewan .
== Tarihi ==
Lucky Lake an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 1920.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Lucky Lake yana da yawan jama'a 270 da ke zaune a cikin 127 daga cikin 145 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -6.6% daga yawanta na 2016 na 289 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|0.82|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 329.3/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, ƙauyen Lucky Lake ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 289 da ke zaune a cikin 134 daga cikin 154 jimlar gidaje masu zaman kansu, a 0.7% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 287 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.66|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 437.9/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
Ayyukan noma da noma sune mafi girma na tattalin arzikin garin. Abubuwan amfanin gona na yau da kullun da ake nomawa a yankin sun haɗa da alkama durum, alkama bazara, wake, lentil, da canola. Flax, wake da mustard suma ana shuka su da yawa. Tafkin Diefenbaker na kusa yana ba da ruwa don ban ruwa ta yadda za a iya shuka ƙarin amfanin gona kamar dankali. Wild West Steelhead, gonakin kiwo ne wanda ke kiwon Steelhead Trout a cikin tafkin. Kamfanin yana ɗaukar mutane da yawa aiki a cikin ayyukansa waɗanda suka ƙunshi matakan ƙwai don samar da ciyawa da aka gama. <ref>Wild West Steelhead homepage url=http://www.wildweststeelhead.com/</ref>
A baya, kokarin da gwamnatin lardin (ta hanyar hadin gwiwar da aka fi sani da SPUDCO ) na samar da masana'antar noman dankalin turawa a lardin ya haifar da samar da guraben ayyukan yi na cikin gida don noma da tattara dankali. A ƙarshe SPUDCO ta gaza kuma masana'antar noman dankalin turawa ta yi jinkirin farfadowa.
== Abubuwan jan hankali ==
* Palliser Regional Park
* Jirgin ruwa na Riverhurst
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
* Lucky Lake Airport
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=[[Dinsmore, Saskatchewan|Dinsmore]]|North=[[Anerley, Saskatchewan|Anerley]]|Northeast=[[Birsay, Saskatchewan|Birsay]]|West=[[Sanctuary, Saskatchewan|Sanctuary]]|Centre=Lucky Lake|East=[[Lake Diefenbaker]], [[Riverhurst, Saskatchewan|Riverhurst]]|Southwest=[[Beechy, Saskatchewan|Beechy]]|South=[[Demaine, Saskatchewan|Demaine]]|Southeast=[[Greenbrier, Saskatchewan|Greenbrier]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision7}}{{Coord|50.998|N|107.150|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|50.998|N|107.150|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
hvthbplomyi0938z5sc1vpf1rjp71zo
Spy Hill
0
35200
165603
2022-08-12T20:00:12Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082058112|Spy Hill]]"
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{{Location map|Canada Saskatchewan}}<div class="locmap noviewer thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"><div style="position:relative;width:200px;border:1px solid lightgray">[[File:Canada_Saskatchewan_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage|246x246px|Spy Hill is located in Saskatchewan]]</img><div class="od" style="top:85.597%;left:78.679%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px">[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage|8x8px|Spy Hill]]</img></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"> Spy Hill</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"> [[:File:Canada Saskatchewan location map.svg|class=notpageimage|]]</div> Wurin Spy Hill a cikin [[Saskatchewan]]</div></div></div>'''Spy Hill''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 168 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin gundumar Rural na Spy Hill No. 152 da Ƙungiyar Ƙididdiga ta 5 . Yana a mahadar Highway 8 da Highway 600 . Makarantar al’ummar ta rufe saboda karancin dalibai, wadanda a yanzu haka suna bas kusan {{Convert|27|km|mi}} zuwa Langenburg ). Wutar wutar lantarki ta Northland - Spy Hill Power Plant tana cikin al'umma.
== Tarihi ==
Spy Hill an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1910.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Spy Hill yana da yawan jama'a 173 da ke zaune a cikin 90 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 116 masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 3% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 168 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|1.15|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 150.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, ƙauyen Spy Hill ya rubuta yawan jama'a 168 da ke zaune a cikin 87 daga cikin 116 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -21.4% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 204 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.19|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 141.2/km a cikin 2016.
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision5}}{{Coord|50|37|07|N|101|41|14|W|region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|50|37|07|N|101|41|14|W|region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
gvglk59p375jac7t5ccp8ro7pgc08nw
Rural Municipality of Coalfields No. 4
0
35201
165604
2022-08-12T20:07:30Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1093669576|Rural Municipality of Coalfields No. 4]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Coalfields No. 4|official_name=Rural Municipality of Coalfields No. 4|settlement_type=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|other_name=|motto=|image_skyline=Luscar Mining Maintenance Shop (625171768).jpg|image_caption=|imagesize=|image_map={{Location map+ |CAN SK Coalfields
|caption =
|float = center
|places =
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Coalfields
|label = [[Bienfait, Saskatchewan|'''Bienfait''']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Town.svg
|marksize = 8
|label_size = 110
|position = right
|lat_deg = 49.1431
|lon_deg = -102.8077}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Coalfields
|label = [[Roche Percee, Saskatchewan|Roche Percee]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Village.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = right
|lat_deg = 49.0684
|lon_deg = -102.8014}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Coalfields
|label = [[Frobisher, Saskatchewan|Frobisher]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Village.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = left
|lat_deg = 49.2090
|lon_deg = -102.4282}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Coalfields
|label = [[North Portal|North<br/>Portal]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Village.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = top
|lat_deg = 49.0015
|lon_deg = -102.5539}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Coalfields
|label = [[Hirsch, Saskatchewan|''Hirsch'']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = bottom
|lat_deg = 49.1784
|lon_deg = -102.5948}}
}}|image_map1=SK RM 4 Coalfields.svg|mapsize1=200|map_caption1=Location of the RM of Coalfields No. 4 in [[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Saskatchewan|Region]]|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 1, Saskatchewan|1]]|subdivision_type4=[[Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities|{{abbr|SARM|Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities}} division]]|subdivision_name4=[[SARM Division No. 1|1]]|subdivision_type5=[[Electoral district (Canada)|Federal riding]]|subdivision_name5=[[Souris--Moose Mountain]]|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial riding]]|subdivision_name6=[[Estevan (electoral district)|Estevan]]|government_footnotes=<ref name=MDSprofile>{{cite web | url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=10&mun=2353 | title=Municipality Details: RM of Coalfields No. 4 | publisher=Government of Saskatchewan | access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref>|leader_title=[[Reeve (Canada)|Reeve]]|leader_name=Richard Tessier|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=RM of Coalfields No. 4 Council|leader_title2=Administrator|leader_name2=Terry Sernick|leader_title3=Office location|leader_name3=[[Bienfait, Saskatchewan|Bienfait]]|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]] ({{abbr|LID|Local improvement district}})|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]]<ref name=ruralincorp/>|established_date2=January 1, 1913|established_title3=Name change|established_date3=|established_title4=Name change|established_date4=|established_title5=Amalgamated|established_date5=|area_footnotes= (2016)<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|area_land_km2=819.52 <!-- Use 2016 StatCan land area to accompany 2016 population -->|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|population_total=368 <!-- 2016 StatCan population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest estimate; this estimate can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2016 StatCan population in the body) -->|population_density_km2=0.4|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|timezone_DST=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|coordinates={{coord|49.150|N|102.657|W|region:CA-SK_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}<ref name=CGNDB>{{cite web | url=http://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/vector/geobase_cgn_toponyme/prov_csv_eng/ | title=Pre-packaged CSV files - CGN, Canada/Province/Territory (cgn_sk_csv_eng.zip) | publisher=Government of Canada | date=July 24, 2019 | access-date=May 23, 2020}}</ref>|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0C 0M0|area_code=[[Area codes 306 and 639|306 and 639]]|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highway(s)]]|blank_info=|blank1_name=Railway(s)|blank1_info=|blank2_name=Waterway(s)|blank2_info=|website={{official URL}}|footnotes=}}
Gundumar '''Rural Municipality na Coalfields No. 4''' ( 2016 yawan : 368 ) birni ne na karkara (RM) a cikin lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin Sashin Ƙididdiga na 1 da <nowiki><abbr about="#mwt44" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Abbr&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Template:Abbr&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;SARM&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwHA" title="Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">SARM</abbr></nowiki> Division No. 1 . Tana cikin yankin kudu maso gabas na lardin, yana kusa da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], makwabciyar Burke County, [[North Dakota]] .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa RM na Coalfields No. 4 a matsayin gundumar karkara a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1913.
== Geography ==
Kogin Souris shine kawai babban kogin a cikin RM. Yana tafiya daga Roche Percee a yamma kai tsaye zuwa gabas zuwa makwabciyar RM na Enniskillen No. 3 . Babu manyan tafkuna a cikin RM na Coalfields.
=== Al'ummomi da yankuna ===
Gundumomin birni masu zuwa suna kewaye da RM.
Garuruwa :
* Bienfait
Ƙauye :
* [[Frobisher, Saskatchewan|Frobisher]]
* [[North Portal|Arewa Portal]]
* [[Roche Percée|Roche Perce]]
Al'ummomin da ba a haɗa su ba suna cikin RM:
* Deborah
* Hirsch
* Pinto
* Taylorton
== Sufuri ==
Manyan manyan hanyoyi guda biyu don ratsa RM na Coalfields No. 4 sune Babbar Hanya 18 da Babbar Hanya 39 . Manyan hanyoyi na biyu sun haɗa da Babbar Hanya 604, Babbar Hanya 605, Babbar Hanya 703, da Babbar Hanya 704 .
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, RM na Coalfields No. 4 yana da yawan jama'a 330 da ke zaune a cikin 133 daga cikin jimlar 157 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canji na -10.3% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 368 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|818.16|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, RM na Coalfields No. 4 ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a na 368 da ke zaune a cikin 148 na jimlar 183 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -3.7% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 382 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|819.52|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Gwamnati ==
RM na Coalfields No. 4 ana gudanar da shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun majalissar ƙaramar hukuma da naɗaɗɗen gudanarwa wanda ke yin taro a ranar Alhamis na uku na kowane wata. Reve na RM shine Richard Tessier yayin da mai kula da shi shine Terry Sernick. Ofishin RM yana cikin Bienfait.
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Old cars RM coalfields Sk.jpg|Tsofaffin motoci sun yi layi a kusa da Hirsch
File:Pumpjacks 01 RM of Coalfields.jpg|Pumpjacks a yammacin ranar Sabuwar Shekara 2022
File:Pumpjacks 02 RM of Coalfields.jpg|Babban yatsan yatsa | Silhouettes na pumpjacks da yamma a ranar Sabuwar Shekara 2022
File:Highway 18 at dawn 02.jpg|thumb | Babbar Hanya 18 da wayewar gari a cikin hunturu
File:N Portal Cemetery.jpg|babban yatsa | Makabartar Portal ta Arewa
File:Highway 703 intersecting 604.jpg|babban yatsa
</gallery>
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin kananan hukumomin karkara a cikin Saskatchewan
* Aikin hakar kwal a Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
{{Commons category-inline|Coalfields No. 4}}{{Geographic location|Centre=Rural Municipality of Coalfields No. 4|Northeast=[[Rural Municipality of Moose Creek No. 33]]|North=[[Rural Municipality of Browning No. 34]]|Northwest=[[Rural Municipality of Benson No. 35]]|West=[[Rural Municipality of Estevan No. 5]]|East=[[Rural Municipality of Enniskillen No. 3]]|South=[[Burke County, North Dakota]], [[United States]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|rural=yes}}{{SKDivision1}}
1iuemxb754cmt2onteinev226thqyb3
Loon Lake, Saskatchewan
0
35202
165605
2022-08-12T20:09:42Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082053911|Loon Lake, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Loon Lake|official_name=Village of Loon Lake|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=File:Picking cranberries - Cree - Loon Lake Sask 1947.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=[[Cree]] women picking cranberries, 1947|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada|pushpin_map_caption=Loon Lake in Saskatchewan|coordinates={{coord|54.013|-109.094|region:CA-SK|format=dms|display=inline}}|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|Canada}}|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Saskatchewan}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=West-central|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 17, Saskatchewan|17]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Loon Lake No. 561|Loon Lake]]|subdivision_type5=[[List of Canadian federal electoral districts|Federal Electoral District]]|subdivision_name5=|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial Constituency]]|subdivision_name6=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=2070 Loon Lake Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Judy Valuck|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Erin Simpson|leader_title3=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=0.66|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=288|population_density_km2=435.8|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=National Population Rank|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0M 1L0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|26}}<br/>{{jct|state=SK|Mun|699}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=|website=[http://loonlakesask.com/ Village of Loon Lake]|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=October 6, 2006
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Government of Saskatchewan |first=MRD Home |title=Municipal Directory System |url=http://www.municipal.gov.sk.ca/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121083646/http://www.municipal.gov.sk.ca/index.html |archive-date=November 21, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Canadian Textiles Institute.
|title=CTI Determine your provincial constituency
|year=2005
|url=http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911025012/http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm
|archive-date=2007-09-11
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=April 21, 2007
}}</ref>}}
'''Loon Lake''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 288 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Loon Lake Lamba 561 da Sashen Ƙididdiga na Lamba 17 . Yankin Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation yana gabas da ƙauyen. Kauyen yana kan babbar hanya 26 arewa maso gabas da birnin Lloydminster .
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Loon Lake yana da yawan jama'a 281 da ke zaune a cikin 126 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 166 masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -2.4% daga yawanta na 2016 na 288 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.74|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 379.7/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Loon Lake ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 288 da ke zaune a cikin 117 daga cikin 158 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -9% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 314 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.66|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 436.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Tarihi ==
Loon Lake an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1950.
Karfe Narrows, kusan {{Convert|15|km|mi}} shine wurin yakin karshe na Tawayen Arewa maso Yamma .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2020}} ne a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1885 kuma ya haifar da shan kashi na gwamnatin rukunin farko na Cree First Nations wanda ya kawo karshen tawaye.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2020}}
== Abubuwan jan hankali ==
Lake Loon yana da filin wasan golf mai ramuka 9 tare da yankin cin abinci mai lasisi. da tafkunan ruwa guda bakwai tsakanin mil 5 (8 km) na garin. Garin yana ba da gidan waya, abinci, gas, sabis na banki. Hakanan akwai wuraren shakatawa guda biyu, Pine Cove da tafkin Makwa, waɗanda ke ba da ɗakunan haya.
Akwai babban farauta a kowace faɗuwa tsakanin mil 10 (16 km) tare da masu kaya iri-iri. Hakanan yana da sansanin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na wasan kwaikwayo kusa da ake kira Silver Birch Bible Camp. Akwai kuma Makwa Lake Provincial Park 5 km Yamma. Ana samun shiga ta hanyar Highway 26
== Yanayi ==
Tafkin Loon yana da yanayi mai nisa ( Dfc ) mai tsayi, damina mai tsananin sanyi da ke daɗe fiye da rabin shekara kuma gajere amma dumi, da lokacin bazara tare da sanyin dare.{{Weather box}}
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin ƙauyuka a cikin Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* Canada portal
* {{Official website|http://loonlakesask.com/}}
{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision17}}{{Authority control}}{{Coord|54|02|N|109|10|W|region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|54|02|N|109|10|W|region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
gkwq9wyuiuqsmq487zpme6pow61gtn6
Englefeld, Saskatchewan
0
35203
165606
2022-08-12T20:12:19Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082048117|Englefeld, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Englefeld|official_name=Village of Englefeld|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=Englefeld Saskatchewan Main Street.jpg|image_caption=Main Street, ''Englefeld''|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada|pushpin_map_caption=Location of Englefeld in Saskatchewan|coordinates={{coord|52|09|40|N|104|39|13|W|display=title,inline}}|pushpin_label_position=none|pushpin_mapsize=200|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|Canada}}|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Saskatchewan}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Central|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 15, Saskatchewan|15]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[St. Peter No. 369, Saskatchewan|St. Peter No. 369]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1953 Englefeld Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Darrell Athmer|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Lani Rae Best|leader_title3=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=February 1, 1907|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=June 13, 1916|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=0.65|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_water_percent=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=285|population_density_km2=439.3|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0K 1N0|area_code=[[Area codes 306 and 639|306 / 639]]|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|5}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Canadian National Railway]]|website=[http://www.englefeld.ca Village of Englefeld]|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Canadian Textiles Institute.|title=CTI Determine your provincial constituency|year=2005|url=http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911025012/http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|archive-date=2007-09-11}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>}}
'''Englefeld''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 285 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar St. Peter No. 369 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 15 . Kauyen yana da nisan kilomita 32 gabas da birnin Humboldt akan Babbar Hanya 5 .
== Tarihi ==
An ba wa al'ummar sunan Peter Engel, abbot na Saint John's Abbey, wanda ke Collegeville, Minnesota . Ba a san dalilin da ya sa aka rubuta sunan Engel daban da sunan kauyen ba.
Baƙi na Katolika na Jamus sun zauna a yankin da ke kewaye a cikin 1902-1903 waɗanda suka isa ta jirgin ƙasa a Rosthern . Daga can ya yi tafiyar mil 125 da doki zuwa yankin da ke kusa da Englefeld. Englefeld yana ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomi da yawa a cikin filin da aka sani da St. Peter's Colony . A shekara ta 1904, layin dogo na Arewacin Kanada ya bi ta cikin yankin, kamar yadda tashoshi tare da tarho ya isa a 1916. A cikin 1905, an gina coci na farko, sannan babban kantin sayar da katako da katako a 1906 da gidan waya a cikin Fabrairu 1907. An gina otal a cikin 1909 kuma an kafa gundumar makarantar Englefeld. Na'urar hawan hatsi ta farko a cikin al'umma ta haura a cikin 1910 tare da tashar jirgin ƙasa a cikin 1912. A cikin 1910 an gina manyan tituna na farko a cikin al'umma kuma a wannan shekarar an gina sito mai haƙori. An gina zauren al'umma a cikin 1912 kuma hasken lantarki ya fara farawa a cikin al'umma a cikin 1915.
An haɗa Englefeld azaman ƙauye ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1916.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Englefeld yana da yawan jama'a 259 da ke zaune a cikin 105 daga cikin 114 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -9.1% daga yawanta na 2016 na 285 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.66|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 392.4/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Englefeld ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 285 da ke zaune a cikin 107 daga cikin 117 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 13.3% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 247 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.65|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 438.5/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
* [http://koendersmfg.com/index.html Koenders Mfg]
* [http://www.schulte.ca/ Schulte Industries]
== Arts da al'adu ==
'''Hog Fest''' - Englefeld Hog Fest Uba Florian Renneberg ne ya shirya shi a 1972. Taron tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na 40 ya kawo mutane 1270 a cikin ƙarshen ƙarshen Yuli (Yuli 1 – 3, 2011) wanda ya haɗa da wasan wuta na ranar Kanada, bukukuwan kasuwar carnival / manoma, wanda ya ƙare a cikin biki tare da aladu 16 kyafaffen, da rufewa tare da karin kumallo na pancake. <ref name="Solomon" /> A matsayin wani ɓangare na 25th Hog Fest (wanda aka yi bikin a 1996) a 7 tsayi (17 ft dogon) alade fiberglass an gina shi a saman ginin Koenders Manufacturing da ke Englefeld tare da Babbar Hanya 5.
'''Englefeld Gallery'''<gallery perrow="10">
File:Welcome sign in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Alamar maraba a wajen Englefeld
File:Fibreglass pig in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Zaune a Englefeld
File:Tree Little Pigs' House in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Gidan Ƙananan Aladu Uku a Englefeld
File:Englefeld Saskatchewan Main Street.jpg|Garin Englefeld
</gallery>
== Duba kuma ==
* I Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* [http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/pub/mds/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1953 Darakta na Municipal Saskatchewan - Ƙauyen Englefeld]
* [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/school/ Saskatchewan Gen Web - Aikin Makarantar Daki Daya]
* [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk Yankin Yanar Gizo na Saskatchewan Gen]
* [http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/index.html Aikin Digitization na Taswirorin Tarihi na Kan layi]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080207051525/http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/search/search_e.php Tambayar GeoNames]
* [http://www.ourroots.ca/e/toc.aspx?id=4440 Filayen wadata : tarihin Englefeld 1903-1987]
{{Geographic location|Northwest=|North=[[Naicam, Saskatchewan|Naicam]]|Northeast=|West=[[St. Gregor, Saskatchewan|St. Gregor]]|Centre=Englefeld|East=[[Watson, Saskatchewan|Watson]]|Southwest=|South=[[Romance, Saskatchewan|Romance]]|Southeast=}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision15}}
2fx0v2eyz3532oquz8ge2rxnd698dbd
Elfros
0
35204
165607
2022-08-12T20:13:52Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082048113|Elfros]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Elfros|official_name=Village of Elfros|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=|image_skyline=DElfrosIcelandicSettlers.JPG|image_caption=Icelandic settler statue in ''Elfros''|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_map=|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#Canada|pushpin_map_caption=Location of Elfros in Saskatchewan|coordinates={{coord|51|44|30|N|103|51|50|W|display=title,inline}}|pushpin_label_position=none|pushpin_mapsize=200|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|Canada}}|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Saskatchewan}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=Central|subdivision_type3=[[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 10, Saskatchewan|10]]|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Elfros No. 307|Elfros]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1949 Elfros Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Arleigh Helgason|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Tina Heistad Douglas|leader_title3=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]|leader_name3=|leader_title4=[[Member of Parliament|MP]]|leader_name4=|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=2.52|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_water_percent=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=90|population_density_km2=37.5|population_blank1_title=|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0A 0V0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|16}}<br>{{jct|state=SK|Hwy|35}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Canadian Pacific Railway]]|website=|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Canadian Textiles Institute.|title=CTI Determine your provincial constituency|year=2005|url=http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911025012/http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm|archive-date=2007-09-11}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>}}
'''Elfros''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 90 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Elfros Lamba 307 da Sashen Ƙididdiga na No. 10 . Yana arewa maso gabas na Regina da kudu maso gabas na tafkin Quill a mahadar Babbar Hanya 16 da Babbar Hanya 35 . Garin mahaifa ne na jarumi a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro na Kanada na 2018 Archons.
== Tarihi ==
Baƙi na Iceland ne suka fara zama Elfros, kuma yawancin mazaunan yanzu 'yan asalin Iceland ne. An buɗe gidan waya a shekara ta 1909. An haɗa Elfros azaman ƙauye a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 1909.
Daga Bikin Tunawa da Majagaba na Icelandic a Elfros ya zo magana mai zuwa.
{{Blockquote|"There were two waves of Icelandic settlement to and within Saskatchewan. The first group came directly from Iceland, paused briefly in Winnipeg, then moved on to Saskatchewan. The second group trekked north and west from older settlements in North Dakota and Manitoba.
In June 1882, the first Icelandic families came to Fishing Lake. The magnets were hay and water. Settlements followed at [[Foam Lake, Saskatchewan|Foam Lake]], [[Kristnes, Saskatchewan|Kristnes]], [[Leslie, Saskatchewan|Leslie]], Mt Hecla, [[Holar, Saskatchewan|Holar]], Elfros, [[Mozart, Saskatchewan|Mozart]], [[Wynyard, Saskatchewan|Wynyard]], [[Kandahar, Saskatchewan|Kandahar]] and [[Dafoe, Saskatchewan|Dafoe]], creating the largest Icelandic settlement outside of Iceland.
Icelanders were not natural farmers. They were poets, musicians and visionaries, people who saw work as a means to an end. Icelandic communities became cultural centres with bands, choirs and libraries. Icelanders built community halls. Many schools in the Vatnabyggd area have Icelandic names.
Important celebrations included [[Þorrablót|Torrablot]], the First Day of Summer, and Independence Day celebrations on [[Founding of the Republic of Iceland|June 17]] and August 2.
For spiritual nourishment, Icelanders relied on traveling preachers, meeting in homes and community halls.
The Icelanders who came to Saskatchewan became competent farmers but saw the land as a means to improve conditions both for themselves and for their children. Aware of the value of family and community, they left a legacy of art, literacy, music and social responsibility." [http://www.flickriver.com/places/Canada/Saskatchewan/Elfros/ Elfros at Flickriver]}}
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Elfros yana da yawan jama'a 90 da ke zaune a cikin 48 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 56 masu zaman kansu, canjin 0% daga yawan 2016 na 90 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|2.48|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 36.3/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Elfros ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 90 da ke zaune a cikin 52 daga cikin 58 na yawan gidaje masu zaman kansu, a -6.7% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 96 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|2.52|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 35.7/km a cikin 2016.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin ƙauyuka a cikin Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision10}}
nglbyxi6ru1zmsjy2bg6j3fbf28m8ji
Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96
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35205
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S.H Ningi
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An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082591936|Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Fillmore No. 96|official_name=Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96|settlement_type=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|other_name=|motto=|image_skyline=Fillmore 01 grain elevator.jpg|image_caption=Grain elevator and fire truck in Fillmore|imagesize=|image_map=SK RM 96 Fillmore.svg|mapsize=|map_caption=Location of the RM of Fillmore No. 96 in [[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Saskatchewan|Region]]|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 2, Saskatchewan|2]]|subdivision_type4=[[Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities|{{abbr|SARM|Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities}} division]]|subdivision_name4=[[SARM Division No. 1|1]]|subdivision_type5=[[Electoral district (Canada)|Federal riding]]|subdivision_name5=[[Souris—Moose Mountain]]|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial riding]]|subdivision_name6=[[Cannington (electoral district)|Cannington]]<br>[[Moosomin (electoral district)|Moosomin]]<br>[[Weyburn-Big Muddy]]|government_footnotes=<ref name=MDSprofile>{{cite web | url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=10&mun=2386 | title=Municipality Details: RM of Fillmore No. 96 | publisher=Government of Saskatchewan | access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref>|leader_title=[[Reeve (Canada)|Reeve]]|leader_name=Russell Leguee|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=RM of Fillmore No. 96 Council|leader_title2=Administrator|leader_name2=Vernna Wiggins|leader_title3=Office location|leader_name3=[[Fillmore, Saskatchewan|Fillmore]]|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]] ({{abbr|LID|Local improvement district}})|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]]<ref name=ruralincorp/>|established_date2=December 13, 1909|established_title3=Name change|established_date3=|established_title4=Name change|established_date4=|established_title5=Amalgamated|established_date5=|area_footnotes= (2016)<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|area_land_km2=828.33 <!-- Use 2016 StatCan land area to accompany 2016 population -->|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|population_total=223 <!-- 2016 StatCan population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest estimate; this estimate can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2016 StatCan population in the body) -->|population_density_km2=0.3|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|timezone_DST=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|coordinates={{coord|49.904|N|103.427|W|region:CA-SK_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}<ref name=CGNDB>{{cite web | url=http://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/vector/geobase_cgn_toponyme/prov_csv_eng/ | title=Pre-packaged CSV files - CGN, Canada/Province/Territory (cgn_sk_csv_eng.zip) | publisher=Government of Canada | date=July 24, 2019 | access-date=May 23, 2020}}</ref>|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0G 1N0|area_code=[[Area codes 306 and 639|306 and 639]]|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highway(s)]]|blank_info=|blank1_name=Railway(s)|blank1_info=|blank2_name=Waterway(s)|blank2_info=|website={{official|http://www.fillmorerm.ca}}|footnotes=}}
Karamar Hukumar '''Fillmore No. 96''' ( yawan 2016 : 223 ) birni ne na karkara (RM) a cikin lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin Sashin ƙidayar jama'a na 2 da Sashen <nowiki><abbr about="#mwt46" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Abbr&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Template:Abbr&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;SARM&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwHg" title="Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">SARM</abbr></nowiki> na 1 . Tana cikin yankin kudu maso gabas na lardin tare da Babbar Hanya 33 .
== Tarihi ==
RM na Fillmore No. 96 an haɗa shi azaman gundumar karkara a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1909. Ya kasance a baya Lardi Ingantaccen Gida Na 6–E–2.
== Geography ==
=== Al'ummomi da yankuna ===
Gundumomin birni masu zuwa suna kewaye da RM.
; Kauyuka
* Creelman
* [[Fillmore, Saskatchewan|Cika ƙari]]
* Osage
Al'ummomin da ba a haɗa su ba suna cikin RM.
; Yankuna
* Huronville
== Gudun Hijira na Osage ==
Matsugunin namun daji na Osage yanki ne na kiyaye namun daji a cikin RM na Fillmore, kimanin mil 3 kudu-gabas da Osage tare da Babbar Hanya 33. Yana gefen kudu na babbar hanya a 49°56′0″N, 103°33′2″W.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, RM na Fillmore No. 96 yana da yawan jama'a 224 da ke zaune a cikin 105 daga cikin 124 na jimlar gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 0.4% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 223 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|815.57|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.3/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, RM na Fillmore No. 96 ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a na 223 da ke zaune a cikin 98 na jimlar 119 masu zaman kansu, a -12.5% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 255 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|828.33|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.3/km a cikin 2016.
== Gwamnati ==
RM na Fillmore No. 96 ana gudanar da shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun majalissar ƙaramar hukuma da naɗaɗɗen gudanarwa wanda ke yin taro a ranar Laraba ta biyu na kowane wata. Reve na RM shine Russell Leguee yayin da mai gudanarwa shine Vernna Wiggins. Ofishin RM yana cikin Fillmore.
== Sufuri ==
; Rail <ref>[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/1925Waghorn/ Canadian Maps: January 1925 Waghorn's Guide. ]</ref>
* Sashen Souris-Arcola-Regina Canadian Railway Railway (CPR) - yana hidima Stoughton, Heward, Creelman, Fillmore, Osage, Tyvan, Francis, da Sedley
; Hanyoyi <ref>Eversoft Streets and Trips</ref>
* Babbar Hanya 33 — tana hidimar [[Fillmore, Saskatchewan|Fillmore]] da ƙauyen Osage
* Babbar Hanya 606 — tana hidimar Fillmore
* Babbar Hanya 711 - tana hidimar ƙauyen Osage
* Babbar Hanya 619 - tana hidimar ƙauyen Osage
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96 Huronville Saskatchewan Cemetery.jpg|Makabarta a Huronville
File:Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96 Huronville Saskatchewan historical plaque.jpg|Plaque a cikin Huronville
File:Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96 Huronville Saskatchewan Stone Cairn.jpg|Cairn in Huronville
</gallery>
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin kananan hukumomin karkara a cikin Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|rural=yes}}{{SKDivision2}}
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User talk:Habibullah86
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35206
165613
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AmmarBot
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Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:00, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Unapeça
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35207
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
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Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Unapeça! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Unapeça|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
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Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Godstime Elijah
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35208
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Godstime Elijah! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Godstime Elijah|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Quinciemorris
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35209
165616
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13973
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Quinciemorris! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Quinciemorris|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
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* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
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Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Darya Marciniak
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35210
165617
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Darya Marciniak! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Darya Marciniak|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
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* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
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Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:AHEJJWILEMAMALIDGED
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35211
165618
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, AHEJJWILEMAMALIDGED! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/AHEJJWILEMAMALIDGED|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Ngokramr
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35212
165619
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ngokramr! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ngokramr|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:阿道
3
35213
165621
2022-08-12T21:02:07Z
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, 阿道! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/阿道|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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User talk:Savvyseyi
3
35214
165622
2022-08-12T21:02:17Z
AmmarBot
13973
Barka da zuwa!
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Savvyseyi! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Savvyseyi|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
59jn3qunqid4hmegjcxec05akcw1m4z
User talk:Abubakar Kabir081
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35215
165623
2022-08-12T21:02:27Z
AmmarBot
13973
Barka da zuwa!
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abubakar Kabir081! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abubakar Kabir081|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]
Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:02, 12 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
jc7xf91wbwk3aq5c73vdr267ea9x920
Ido (jiki)
0
35216
165627
2022-08-12T21:06:18Z
787IYO
14903
Sabon shafi na ƙirƙira
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'''Idanuwa''' wasu gaɓoɓi ne na jiki da ake amfani dashi wajen gani.suna bai wa halittu masu rai damar gani, da ikon ansa da gudanar da aikin gani, da kuma samun damar fahimtar maida abin idon ya gani waɗanda suke keɓanci gania. Idanu suna gane haske da maida shi zuwa sinadaran ƙwaƙwalwa.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/science/human-eye</ref>
== Manazarta ==
d26nusmovbvblz0eq6lnpnhjt64fon1
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165627
2022-08-12T21:07:37Z
787IYO
14903
/* Manazarta */Na sa reflist
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'''Idanuwa''' wasu gaɓoɓi ne na jiki da ake amfani dashi wajen gani.suna bai wa halittu masu rai damar gani, da ikon ansa da gudanar da aikin gani, da kuma samun damar fahimtar maida abin idon ya gani waɗanda suke keɓanci gania. Idanu suna gane haske da maida shi zuwa sinadaran ƙwaƙwalwa.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/science/human-eye</ref>
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
6cpminrc8balyt60il5e84c2bil402v
Rural Municipality of Manitou Lake No. 442
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35217
165629
2022-08-12T21:51:44Z
S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1096771914|Rural Municipality of Manitou Lake No. 442]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Manitou Lake No. 442|official_name=Rural Municipality of Manitou Lake No. 442|settlement_type=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|other_name=|motto=|image_skyline=Manitou Lake RM office.JPG|image_caption=RM's office in [[Marsden, Saskatchewan|Marsden]]|imagesize=|image_map={{Location map+ |CAN SK Manitou Lake
|caption =
|float = center
|places =
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Manitou Lake
|label = [[Marsden, Saskatchewan|Marsden]]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Village.svg
|marksize = 6
|position = top
|lat_deg = 52.8399
|lon_deg = -109.8217}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Manitou Lake
|label = [[Unwin, Saskatchewan|''Unwin'']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = right
|lat_deg = 52.9332
|lon_deg = -109.8682}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Manitou Lake
|label = [[Artland, Saskatchewan|''Artland'']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = top
|lat_deg = 52.6923
|lon_deg = -109.8984}}
{{Location map~ |CAN SK Manitou Lake
|label = [[Zumbro, Saskatchewan|''Zumbro'']]
|mark = Western Canada Map Assets Hamlet.svg
|marksize = 4
|position = top
|lat_deg = 52.6944
|lon_deg = -109.7710}}
}}|image_map1=SK RM 442 Manitou Lake.svg|mapsize1=200|map_caption1=Location of the RM of Manitou Lake No. 442 in [[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada#Saskatchewan|Region]]|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=[[List of census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]]|subdivision_name3=[[Division No. 13, Saskatchewan|13]]|subdivision_type4=[[Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities|{{abbr|SARM|Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities}} division]]|subdivision_name4=[[SARM Division No. 6|6]]|subdivision_type5=[[Electoral district (Canada)|Federal riding]]|subdivision_name5=[[Battlefords—Lloydminster]]|subdivision_type6=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial electoral districts|Provincial riding]]|subdivision_name6=[[Cut Knife-Turtleford]]|government_footnotes=<ref name=MDSprofile>{{cite web | url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=10&mun=2463 | title=Municipality Details: RM of Manitou Lake No. 442 | publisher=Government of Saskatchewan | access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref>|leader_title=[[Reeve (Canada)|Reeve]]|leader_name=Ian Lamb|leader_title1=Governing body|leader_name1=RM of Manitou Lake No. 442 Council|leader_title2=Administrator|leader_name2=Joanne Loy|leader_title3=Office location|leader_name3=[[Marsden, Saskatchewan|Marsden]]|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]] ({{abbr|LID|Local improvement district}})|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Formed]]<ref name=ruralincorp/>|established_date2=December 12, 1910|established_title3=Name change|established_date3=|established_title4=Name change|established_date4=|established_title5=Amalgamated|established_date5=|area_footnotes= (2016)<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|area_land_km2=850.95 <!-- Use 2016 StatCan land area to accompany 2016 population -->|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name=2016censusSKmunis/>|population_total=573 <!-- 2016 StatCan population only per [[WP:CANPOP]]; do not replace with latest estimate; this estimate can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2016 StatCan population in the body) -->|population_density_km2=0.7|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|timezone_DST=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|coordinates={{coord|52.885|N|109.768|W|region:CA-SK_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}<ref name=CGNDB>{{cite web | url=http://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/vector/geobase_cgn_toponyme/prov_csv_eng/ | title=Pre-packaged CSV files - CGN, Canada/Province/Territory (cgn_sk_csv_eng.zip) | publisher=Government of Canada | date=July 24, 2019 | access-date=May 23, 2020}}</ref>|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0M 1P0|area_code=[[Area codes 306 and 639|306 and 639]]|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highway(s)]]|blank_info=|blank1_name=Railway(s)|blank1_info=|blank2_name=Waterway(s)|blank2_info=|website={{official|https://www.rmmanitou.ca}}|footnotes=}}
Karamar Hukumar '''Manitou Lake No. 442''' ( yawan 2016 : 573 ) birni ne na karkara (RM) a cikin lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin Sashin ƙidayar jama'a na 13 da Sashen <nowiki><abbr about="#mwt44" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Abbr&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Template:Abbr&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;SARM&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwHA" title="Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">SARM</abbr></nowiki> mai lamba 6 .
== Tarihi ==
RM na Lake Manitou No. 442 an haɗa shi azaman gundumar karkara a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1910. Ya ɗauki sunansa daga tafkin Manitou, wanda shine Algonquian don "halitta mai ban mamaki".
A cikin 1905, mazaunan farko sun fito daga yankunan Kanada, Tsibirin Biritaniya, da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] . An san yankin da gundumar Manitou Lake. A cikin 1907-1908 an kafa gidan waya a gidan Mista Alex Wright, kusan mil daya daga arewa maso gabas na garin Marsden na yanzu. Ofishin gidan waya ya yi hidima ga yankunan karkarar da ke kewaye. Wrights sun sanya wa gidan waya suna 'Marsden'. Wani labari ya ba da labarin sunan kamar yadda ya samo asali daga wurin haifuwar Mrs. Wright in Yorkshire, Ingila ; Wani rahoton kuma an sanya masa suna bayan sanannen Dutsen Marsden da ke kusa da [[Newcastle]], Ingila. Yankin da ke kusa ya zama sananne da gundumar Marsden Rural Post Office District. Tsakanin 1919 zuwa 1922, an mayar da gidan waya mil daya kudu zuwa ofishin RM na Manitou Lake No. 442.
A shekara ta 1905, an lulluɓe ƙasar da dogayen ciyawa da ake magana da ita a matsayin 'wul na ulu'. Akwai 'yan bishiyu ko bluffs. Ƙasar baƙar fata mai albarka ta jawo hankalin mazaunan farko zuwa yankin kuma ba da daɗewa ba gonaki suka bunkasa tare da gidajen sod da katako. Manoman sun juya sod ɗin tare da ƙungiyoyin doki da na sa, wani lokaci suna amfani da garma mai yawo (suky) don shirya ƙasa don shuka hatsi. An yanyanka hatsi da abin ɗaure, a murɗe, ana sussuka. Manoma suna jigilar hatsi ta wagon ko sleigh-doki zuwa Zumbro da Artland . A cikin watannin hunturu, ana jigilar hatsi a kan kankara na tafkin Manitou. Mazaunan farko sun sayi kayan abinci da kayayyaki a Lashburn, Artland, ko Chauvin, Alberta . Shahararriyar hanyar siyayya ta lokacin ita ce kasida ta Eaton.
Yaran mazauni sun fara zuwa makaranta a Learig, kuma a cikin 1925 an gina ɗakin makaranta mai ɗaki huɗu a cikin ƙauyen Marsden .
== Geography ==
=== Al'ummomi da yankuna ===
Gundumomin birni masu zuwa suna kewaye da RM.
; Kauyuka
* Marsden
Al'ummomin da ba a haɗa su ba suna cikin RM.
; Yankuna
* Artland
* Cire nasara
=== Tafkuna da koguna ===
Mai zuwa shine jerin fitattun tafkuna da koguna a cikin RM:
* Lake Manitou
* Wells Lake
* Tafkunan Reflex
* Kogin Yaƙi
* Eyehill Creek
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Kanada ta gudanar, RM na tafkin Manitou Lamba 442 yana da yawan jama'a 505 da ke zaune a cikin 199 daga cikin jimlar 250 na gidajen zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -11.9% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 573 . Tare da yanki na {{Convert|839.29|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.6/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, RM na tafkin Manitou No. 442 ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 573 da ke zaune a cikin 209 daga cikin 236 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a 4.8% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 547 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|850.95|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.7/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
[[Noma]], shanu, da mai sune masana'antu na farko ga yawan mazauna 590 na RM na tafkin Manitou. Alkama, canola, [[sha'ir]], hatsi, Peas, da flax sune amfanin gona na yau da kullun a yankin. Yankin ya shahara saboda kyawawan shanun da suka sami kyautar da suka haɗa da Hereford, Charolais, Simmental, da Angus . Ana iya lura da bambancin aikin noma tare da samar da dabbobi na musamman kamar su alkama da bison .
Masana'antar mai na taka rawa sosai a tattalin arzikin cikin gida. Rijiyoyin mai da batura a karkara sun tabbatar da hakar danyen mai mai yawa a yankin.
=== Sufuri ===
Mai zuwa shine jerin manyan hanyoyin Saskatchewan a cikin RM:
* Hanyar Saskatchewan 40
* Hanyar Saskatchewan 675
* Hanyar Saskatchewan 680
== Big Manitou Regional Park ==
Big Manitou Regional Park ({{Coord|52.7967|-109.7886}} ) wani wurin shakatawa ne na yanki da ke arewa maso yamma na tafkin Manitou, kusa da inda rafin da ke malala tafkin Wells ya kwarara zuwa tafkin Manitou. An kafa wannan wurin shakatawa ne a cikin 1975 a matsayin wani yanki na Yankin Yankin Suffern Lake . A cikin 2019, an ba shi cikakken matsayin wurin shakatawa kuma an ba shi suna ''Big Manitou Regional Park'' a hukumance. Yana da nisan {{Convert|4|mi}} kudu da gabas da Marsden . Wuraren shakatawa sun haɗa da filin sansani tare da wuraren zama na 32, shawa, gidan dafa abinci, filayen wasa, ramukan dawakai, lu'u-lu'u na ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa, da filin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] . Manitou Lake Golf Club kuma yana cikin wurin shakatawa. Hanya ce mai ramuka 9, koren yashi.
== Manitou Sand Hills ==
Manitou Sand Hills kadada 105,000 ne na filin kiwo na Crown da gwamnatin Saskatchewan ta kebe wanda ke kewaye da yawancin rabin kudancin tafkin Manitou a kudancin yankin RM. Akwai tafiye-tafiye na zango da shiryarwa ta hanyar Manitou Sand Hills, <ref>https://www.worldcat.org/title/manitou-sand-hills-integrated-resource-management-plan/oclc/39157350</ref> waɗanda ke ɗaya daga cikin fitattun wurare na Yammacin Kanada .
== Gwamnati ==
RM na tafkin Manitou mai lamba 442 ana gudanar da shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun majalissar ƙaramar hukuma da naɗaɗɗen gudanarwa wanda ke ganawa a ranar Alhamis ta farko bayan Talata ta farko na kowane wata. Reve na RM shine Ian Lamb yayin da mai kula da shi shine Joanne Loy. Ofishin RM yana cikin Marsden.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin kananan hukumomin karkara a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin wuraren kariya na Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* Canada portal
{{Geographic location|Centre=Rural Municipality of Manitou Lake No. 442|Northwest=|North=[[Rural Municipality of Wilton No. 472]]|Northeast=[[Rural Municipality of Eldon No. 471]]|East=[[Rural Municipality of Hillsdale No. 440]]|Southeast=|South=[[Rural Municipality of Senlac No. 411]]|Southwest=[[Municipal District of Provost No. 52]], [[Alberta]]|West=[[Municipal District of Wainwright No. 61]], [[Alberta]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|rural=yes}}{{SKDivision13}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
esb2gawgukb3s0o9ksih7ewgurn8j6t
Aberdeen, Saskatchewan
0
35218
165630
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S.H Ningi
17885
An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1086509964|Aberdeen, Saskatchewan]]"
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{{Infobox settlement|name=Aberdeen|official_name=Town of Aberdeen|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|settlement_type=Town|image_skyline=Main Street Aberdeen Saskatchewan.jpg|image_caption=Main Street|pushpin_map=Saskatchewan#CAN SK Aberdeen<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|coordinates={{coord|52|19|34|N|106|17|30|W|region:CA-SK|display=inline,title}}|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=Canada|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_name2=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Aberdeen No. 373|Aberdeen]]|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=1905-04-01|established_title2=Incorporated (Village)|established_date2=1907|established_title3=Incorporated (Town)|leader_title=[[Mayor]]|leader_name=Ryan White|leader_title1=[[Chief administrative officer|CAO]]|leader_name1=Susan Thompson|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_total_km2=1.95|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->|population_total=716|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=<ref name="census2011pop" >{{cite web
| title = 2011 Community Profiles
| work = Statistics Canada
| publisher =Government of Canada
| url =http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
| access-date = 2014-08-21}}</ref>|population_density_km2=318.8|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0K 0A0|area_code=306|website=http://www.aberdeen.ca/|footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|access-date=2014-08-21
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|last=Government of Saskatchewan
|first=MRD Home
|title=Municipal Directory System
|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|access-date=2014-08-21
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115125115/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx
|archive-date=2016-01-15
}}</ref>|leader_title2=Governing body|leader_name2=Aberdeen Town Council|timezone=CST}}
[[File:Grain_Elevator_Aberdeen_Saskatchewan.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Grain_Elevator_Aberdeen_Saskatchewan.jpg/250px-Grain_Elevator_Aberdeen_Saskatchewan.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Mitar hatsi a Aberdeen]]
Al'umma mai mutane 622, '''Aberdeen''' tana da nisan mintuna 18 arewa-gabas da Saskatoon, kusa da Babbar Hanya 41.
== Tarihi ==
Baƙi na Rasha, Ingilishi, Scotland da Ukrainian baƙi ne suka fara zama Aberdeen a cikin 1890s zuwa 1900s. Musamman, waɗannan ƙauyuka na farko sun haɗa da mutanen da aka haifa a Gabas ko Atlantika Kanada, galibi na Ingilishi ko na Scotland, tare da baƙi Ukrainian (1898-1899) da Mennonites daga Manitoba (1901).
Asalin suna Dueck, an shirya shi azaman ƙauyen Aberdeen a cikin 1904. An ba shi suna don girmama Ishbel Maria Marjoribanks Gordon, Lady Aberdeen, wanda ya kafa Majalisar Mata ta Kanada. A cikin 1904, hanyar dogo ta Arewa ta Kanada ta isa garin. A shekara ta 1908, layin dogo ya zama mai mahimmanci ga siyar da alkama, tare da jigilar motocin dogo 120 na alkama mai wuya a wannan shekarar.
Kasuwancin da ke kan Main Street ya kai kololuwa a farkon shekarun 1930, har sai da gobara ta lalata ta da yawa a 1937.
== Alkaluma ==
In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Aberdeen had a population of {{val|716|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|255|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|264|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:716-662}}|662|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|662|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{Convert|1.96|km2|sqmi}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|716|1.96|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000247 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Saskatchewan | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=April 1, 2022}}</ref>
{{Canada census|2021_population=716|2021_pop_delta=+8.2|2021_land_area=1.96|2021_pop_density=364.6|2021_median_age=34|2021_median_age_m=34|2021_median_age_f=34|2021_total_pvt_dwell=255|2021_mean_hh_income=|2021_access_date=2022-04-27|2011_population=599|2011_pop_delta=13.7|2011_land_area=1.95|2011_pop_density=307.0|2011_median_age=34.4|2011_median_age_m=33.9|2011_median_age_f=34.6|2011_total_pvt_dwell=227|2011_mean_hh_income=|2011_access_date=2012-11-05|2006_population=527|2006_pop_delta=-1.3|2006_land_area=1.95|2006_pop_density=270.1|2006_median_age=32.2|2006_median_age_m=31.3|2006_median_age_f=32.6|2006_total_pvt_dwell=198|2006_mean_hh_income=41,937|2006_access_date=2010-12-03|2001_population=534|2001_pop_delta=12.7|2001_land_area=1.95|2001_pop_density=273.7|2001_median_age=32.2|2001_median_age_m=31.3|2001_median_age_f=32.6|2001_total_pvt_dwell=196|2001_mean_hh_income=46,603|2001_access_date=2010-12-03|2016_access_date=2017-06-05|2016_land_area=1.95|2016_mean_hh_income=N/A|2016_median_age=34.0|2016_median_age_f=34.2|2016_median_age_m=33.9|2016_pop_delta=3.8|2016_pop_density=318.8|2016_population=622|2016_total_pvt_dwell=254}}
<div aria-describedby="canada-census-footnotes" aria-labelledby="canada-census-caption" class="canada-census toccolours mw-collapsible" role="figure">
<div class="canada-census-caption">Canada census – Aberdeen, Saskatchewan community profile</div>
{| class="mw-collapsible-content"
|
! scope="col" |[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]
! scope="col" |[[2016 Canadian census|2016]]
! scope="col" |[[2011 Canadian census|2011]]
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Population
|716 (+8.2% from 2016)
|622 (3.8% from 2011)
|599 (13.7% from 2006)
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Land area
|1.96 km<sup>2</sup> (0.76 sq mi)
|1.95 km<sup>2</sup> (0.75 sq mi)
|1.95 km<sup>2</sup> (0.75 sq mi)
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Population density
|364.6/km<sup>2</sup> (944/sq mi)
|318.8/km<sup>2</sup> (826/sq mi)
|307.0/km<sup>2</sup> (795/sq mi)
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Median age
|34 (M: 34, F: 34)
|34.0 (M: 33.9, F: 34.2)
|34.4 (M: 33.9, F: 34.6)
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Total private dwellings
|255
|254
|227
|- class="canada-census-data-row"
! scope="row" |Median household income
|
|$N/A
|
|}
<div class="canada-census-footnotes mw-collapsible-content"> References: 2021<ref name="cp2021"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E "2021 Community Profiles"]. ''[[2021 Canadian Census]]''. </cite></ref> 2016<ref name="cp2016"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E "2016 Community Profiles"]. ''[[2016 Canadian Census]]''. </cite></ref> 2011<ref name="cp2011"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E "2011 Community Profiles"]. ''[[2011 Canadian Census]]''. </cite></ref> earlier<ref name="cp2006"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/index.cfm?Lang=E "2006 Community Profiles"]. ''[[2006 Canadian Census]]''. </cite></ref><ref name="cp2001"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/profil01/CP01/Index.cfm?Lang=E "2001 Community Profiles"]. ''[[2001 Canadian Census]]''. </cite></ref></div>
</div>
== Kayan aiki ==
=== Aberdeen Rec Complex ===
Aberdeen Recreation Complex (ARC) ya gama ginin kuma ya buɗe don kasuwanci a cikin faɗuwar 2005. Kwamitin gudanarwa ne ke tafiyar da shi kuma Aberdeen da District Charities Inc. ARC gida ne ga Makarantar Sakandare ta Aberdeen, Dance Aberdeen, Laburaren Yanki na Wheatland, AMHA Aberdeen Flames, da Babban Klub ɗin Hockey na Knights. Har ila yau, Complex yana da cafe & falo, wurin motsa jiki, da dakunan taro.
=== Farm a cikin Dell ===
Farm a cikin Dell ƙungiya ce ta al'umma da ke tallafawa masu nakasa a cikin gonakin karkara ta hanyar zama da damar sana'a. A halin yanzu yana aiki gida rukuni ɗaya yana samar da wuraren zama 10 da shirin rana don mutane 10. A ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2018, Farm a cikin Dell ya yi bikin haɓaka gidan rukunin sararin samaniya guda biyar, shirin rayuwa mai zaman kansa mai sararin samaniya guda biyu da faɗaɗawa zuwa sararin shirin rana. Gwamnatin Saskatchewan ta ba da fiye da $525,000 a cikin kudade na shekara-shekara don wannan yunƙurin, yana kawo kuɗaɗen shekara-shekara don Farm a cikin Dell zuwa sama da dala miliyan 1.4.
=== Ruwan ruwa ===
SaskWater ya sayi ruwa daga birnin Saskatoon sannan ya sayar da ruwan ga garin Aberdeen, wanda kuma ke sayar wa mazauna yankin. Ana sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar amfani da bututun dala miliyan 4 da aka kammala a 2010.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Jerin garuruwa a cikin Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
* {{Official website|http://www.aberdeen.ca/}}
{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|towns=yes}}
l6wegtb14pi6jst0ws42rhpl6rmo1sr
Hodgeville
0
35219
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2022-08-12T21:59:40Z
S.H Ningi
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An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082050156|Hodgeville]]"
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{{Infobox settlement||name=Hodgeville|official_name=Village of Hodgeville|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=[[List of villages in Saskatchewan|Village]]|motto=Home of the Flag, Coyote Capital of Canada|image_skyline=Hodgeville SK coyote capital.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Welcome sign|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|pushpin_map=CAN SK Lawtonia#Saskatchewan <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_mapsize=|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name=[[Canada]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[Saskatchewan]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of regions of Canada|Region]]|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type4=[[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural municipality]]|subdivision_name4=[[Rural Municipality of Lawtonia No. 135|Lawtonia No. 135]]|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Municipal government|Municipal]]|leader_title=Governing body|leader_name=[http://www.municipal.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=2010 Hodgeville Village Council]|leader_title1=[[Mayor]]|leader_name1=Kyle Hall|leader_title2=[[Administrator of the Government|Administrator]]|leader_name2=Raegan Funk|leader_title3=[[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLA]]|leader_name3={{MLA Cypress Hills}}|leader_title4=[[House of Commons of Canada|MP]]|leader_name4={{MP Cypress Hills}}|established_title=Post office Founded|established_date=|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Village]])|established_date2=June, 1921|established_title3=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] ([[Town]])|established_date3=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=1.35|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|population_as_of=2016|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=172|population_density_km2=127.6|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=National Population Rank (Out of 5,008)|population_blank1=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=|timezone=[[Central Standard Time|CST]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|50.1112|-106.9637|region:CA-SK|display=inline}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|postal_code=S0H 2B0|area_code=306|blank_name=[[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]]|blank_info={{jct|state=SK|Hwy|19}}<br/>{{jct|state=SK|SK|363}}|blank1_name=[[Railway]]s|blank1_info=[[Canadian Pacific Railway]]|footnotes=<ref>{{Citation
|last=National Archives
|first=Archivia Net
|title=Post Offices and Postmasters
|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006045957/http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php
|archive-date=2006-10-06
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Government of Saskatchewan |first=MRD Home |title=Municipal Directory System |url=http://www.municipal.gov.sk.ca/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121083646/http://www.municipal.gov.sk.ca/index.html |archive-date=November 21, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Canadian Textiles Institute.
|title=CTI Determine your provincial constituency
|year=2005
|url=http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911025012/http://www.textiles.ca/eng/nonAuthProg/redirect.cfm?path=IssPolContacts§ionID=7601.cfm
|archive-date=2007-09-11
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Commissioner of Canada Elections
|first=Chief Electoral Officer of Canada
|title=Elections Canada On-line
|year=2005
|url=http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421084430/http://www.elections.ca/home.asp
|archive-date=2007-04-21
}}</ref>}}
'''Hodgeville''' ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 172 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar Lawtonia Lamba 135 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 7 . Kauyen yana da kusan 34 km kudu da babbar hanyar Trans Canada, 97 km kudu maso gabas na Birnin Swift na yanzu .
== Tarihi ==
An haɗa Hodgeville azaman ƙauye ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1921.
== Alkaluma ==
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Hodgeville yana da yawan jama'a 147 da ke zaune a cikin 66 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 87 masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -14.5% daga yawanta na 2016 na 172 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|1.24|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 118.5/km a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Hodgeville ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 172 da ke zaune a cikin 75 daga cikin 97 jimlar gidaje masu zaman kansu, a 0% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 172 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|1.35|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 127.4/km a cikin 2016.
== Tattalin Arziki ==
Tushen tattalin arzikin Hodgeville shine galibin ayyukan noma da alaƙa.
== Ilimi ==
Makarantar Hodgeville tana cikin al'umma. Kafin 2002, akwai makarantar firamare da sakandare. An gyara makarantar firamare sannan makarantar sakandare ta koma ginin makarantar firamare.
== Fitattun mutane ==
[[File:Hodgeville_SK_flag_sign.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hodgeville_SK_flag_sign.jpg/220px-Hodgeville_SK_flag_sign.jpg|left|thumb| Alamar tana shelar cewa baƙi suna shiga Hodgeville, "Gidan Tuta".]]
Tutar lardin Saskatchewan asalinta anan ne, ta wani mutum mai suna Anthony Drake, malamin makaranta daga Hodgeville a 1969. Gidan kayan tarihi na Heritage yana nuna tuta, Jajayen Yamma a kan filin kore da zinariya, tare da labarin Anthony.
Marubucin waƙar "Akwai Bluebird akan Windowsill na" shine Elizabeth (née Huber) Clarke. Ta zauna kusa da Hodgeville, ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya, kuma ta auri Dr. Clarke a Hodgeville. Bayan sun koma Vancouver, ta yi jinya a asibitin yara. Yayin da take can, ta yi wannan waƙa don rera wa ƙananan majinyata. "There's a Bluebird on my Windowsill" March of Dimes ne ya dauko shi kuma yayi amfani da shi azaman waƙarsu. Elizabeth ta karɓi sarauta daga waƙar kuma ta ba da su ga Asibitin Yara. Labarinta yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka nuna cikin fahariya a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Heritage a Hodgeville.
== Duba kuma ==
* Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan
* Ƙauyen Saskatchewan
== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist}}{{Geographic location|Northwest=[[Neidpath, Saskatchewan|Neidpath]]|North=[[Ernfold, Saskatchewan|Ernfold]]|Northeast=[[Chaplin, Saskatchewan|Chaplin]]|West=[[Hallonquist, Saskatchewan|Hallonquist]]|Centre=Hodgeville|East=[[Shamrock, Saskatchewan|Shamrock]]|Southwest=[[Vanguard, Saskatchewan|Vanguard]]|South=[[Glenbain, Saskatchewan|Glenbain]]|Southeast=[[St. Boswells, Saskatchewan|St. Boswells]]}}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}}{{SKDivision7}}{{Authority control}}{{Coord|50.1112|N|106.9637|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|50.1112|N|106.9637|W|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}}
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Ama Pomaa Boateng
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An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1092922240|Ama Pomaa Boateng]]"
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'''Ama Pomaa Boateng'''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=134#page|title=Parliament of Ghana|website=www.parliament.gh|access-date=2019-03-02}}</ref> (an haife ta 19 ga Agusta 1975) 'yar siyasar Ghana ce. Ita ce sabuwar 'yar majalisar dokokin New Patriotic Party mai wakiltar mazabar Juaben a yankin Ashanti na Ghana.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2530|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Pomaa, Ama Ando|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/439490/1/mp-calls-for-proper-management-of-e-waste.html|title=MP Calls For Proper Management Of E-Waste|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ghana.usembassy.gov/pr_042213.html|title=2013 Press Releases - Accra, Ghana - Embassy of the United States|access-date=2016-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085118/https://ghana.usembassy.gov/pr_042213.html|archive-date=2016-12-20|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Ama Pomaa a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1975 a Juaben, yankin Ashanti. Ta yi babbar makarantar sakandare a Holy Child School a Cape Coast kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin bayanai daga Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/election-2016-know-your-female-parliamentary-candidates-3.html|title=Election 2016: Know your female parliamentary candidates (3)|last=Akese|first=Timothy Dzamboe, Dotsey Koblah Aklorbortu and Efia|work=Graphic Online|access-date=2018-11-01|language=en-gb}}</ref> Ama yana da satifiket a fannin kwamfuta daga Jami’ar Westminster da ke Landan, UK. A cikin 2012 ta sami takardar shedar e-sharar gida daga Kwalejin e-waste ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2530|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Pomaa, Ama Ando|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-02}}</ref> Hakanan tana da takaddun shaida daga Penn Foster, Wild PCS, Jami'ar Harvard da House of Democracy Partnership/NDI.<ref name=":1" />
== Aiki ==
Ama Pomaa mashawarcin IT ce ta sana'a kuma shugabar zartarwa na Mata masu fasaha na Ghana a Accra, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a cikin horarwar IT.<ref name=":0" />
== Siyasa ==
Ama Pomaa ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai a mazabar Juaben a yankin Ashanti yayin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku, wato Nana Prempeh Amankwaah na jam’iyyar National Democratic Congress, da Gallo Stephen Ayitey na jam’iyyar Convention Peoples su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Juaben da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/ashanti/309/index.php|title=Ghana Election 2016 Results - Juaben Constituency|last=FM|first=Peace|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> Ta lashe zaben ne da samun kuri'u 22,323 daga cikin 29,606 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 75.40 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada.<ref name=":0" />
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Ama Pomaa ta yi aure da ɗa daya. Ita ma Kirista ce.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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{{Databox|item=Q27975634}}
'''Ama Pomaa Boateng'''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=134#page|title=Parliament of Ghana|website=www.parliament.gh|access-date=2019-03-02}}</ref> (an haife ta 19 ga Agusta 1975) 'yar siyasar Ghana ce. Ita ce sabuwar 'yar majalisar dokokin New Patriotic Party mai wakiltar mazabar Juaben a yankin Ashanti na Ghana.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2530|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Pomaa, Ama Ando|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/439490/1/mp-calls-for-proper-management-of-e-waste.html|title=MP Calls For Proper Management Of E-Waste|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ghana.usembassy.gov/pr_042213.html|title=2013 Press Releases - Accra, Ghana - Embassy of the United States|access-date=2016-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085118/https://ghana.usembassy.gov/pr_042213.html|archive-date=2016-12-20|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Ama Pomaa a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1975 a Juaben, yankin Ashanti. Ta yi babbar makarantar sakandare a Holy Child School a Cape Coast kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin bayanai daga Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/election-2016-know-your-female-parliamentary-candidates-3.html|title=Election 2016: Know your female parliamentary candidates (3)|last=Akese|first=Timothy Dzamboe, Dotsey Koblah Aklorbortu and Efia|work=Graphic Online|access-date=2018-11-01|language=en-gb}}</ref> Ama yana da satifiket a fannin kwamfuta daga Jami’ar Westminster da ke Landan, UK. A cikin 2012 ta sami takardar shedar e-sharar gida daga Kwalejin e-waste ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2530|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Pomaa, Ama Ando|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-02}}</ref> Hakanan tana da takaddun shaida daga Penn Foster, Wild PCS, Jami'ar Harvard da House of Democracy Partnership/NDI.<ref name=":1" />
== Aiki ==
Ama Pomaa mashawarcin IT ce ta sana'a kuma shugabar zartarwa na Mata masu fasaha na Ghana a Accra, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a cikin horarwar IT.<ref name=":0" />
== Siyasa ==
Ama Pomaa ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai a mazabar Juaben a yankin Ashanti yayin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku, wato Nana Prempeh Amankwaah na jam’iyyar National Democratic Congress, da Gallo Stephen Ayitey na jam’iyyar Convention Peoples su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Juaben da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/ashanti/309/index.php|title=Ghana Election 2016 Results - Juaben Constituency|last=FM|first=Peace|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> Ta lashe zaben ne da samun kuri'u 22,323 daga cikin 29,606 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 75.40 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada.<ref name=":0" />
== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Ama Pomaa ta yi aure da ɗa daya. Ita ma Kirista ce.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
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QueerEcofeminist
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QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User talk:IbrahimYakubuomar]] to [[User talk:787IYO]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/IbrahimYakubuomar|IbrahimYakubuomar]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]]"
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#REDIRECT [[User talk:787IYO]]
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User talk:Murtala Kamilu
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2022-08-13T10:05:47Z
Gwanki
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Sabon shafi: {{welcome}} ~~~~
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{{welcome}} [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 10:05, 13 ga Augusta, 2022 (UTC)
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