Using the Backup-Archive Client


Chapter 3. Backing Up and Restoring Files

A primary function of TSM is to create and maintain a set of backup versions of the files on your NetWare server. This allows you to recover older versions of your files if the current files are lost or damaged.

This chapter includes instructions for the following tasks:

Table 3. Backing Up and Restoring Files

Task Page
"Backing Up Files and Directories" "Backing Up Files and Directories"
"Backing Up Specific Files or Directories" "Backing Up Specific Files or Directories"
"Requesting Backup and Archive Services for Remote Servers" "Requesting Backup and Archive Services for Remote Servers"
"Using the Web Client to Back Up Files" "Using the Web Client to Back Up Files"
"Sorting File Lists" "Sorting File Lists"
"Displaying File Details" "Displaying File Details"
"Restoring Files or Directories" "Restoring Files or Directories"
"Point-in-Time Restore" "Point-in-Time Restore"
"Using the Web Client for Restoring Files" "Using the Web Client for Restoring Files"
"Restoring an Active or Inactive Backup" "Restoring an Active or Inactive Backup"
"Restoring Files Using a File Name" "Restoring Files Using a File Name"
"Restoring Files Using a Directory Tree" "Restoring Files Using a Directory Tree"
"Restoring Files Using a Subdirectory Path" "Restoring Files Using a Subdirectory Path"
"Restoring Files: Advanced Considerations" "Restoring Files: Advanced Considerations"

All backup and restore procedures in this chapter also apply to the Web client, except those identified in "Using the Web Backup-Archive Client".

See "Starting A Web Client Session" for information about starting and using the Web client.


Do You Want to Back Up or Archive Files?

When TSM backs up or archives a file, it sends a copy of the file and its associated attributes to the server; however, backups and archives have different goals.

Backups protect against file damage. A sequence of backup versions is kept for each file on your NetWare server (the number of backup versions is set by your administrator), and older versions are deleted as newer versions are made.

Archive copies are more permanent. They maintain a file in a particular state indefinitely (although your administrator can limit how long archives are kept). They are useful if you need, for example, to go back to a particular version of your files, or if you want to delete a file from your NetWare server and retrieve it if necessary. For example, you might need to save some spreadsheets for tax purposes, but because you are not using them, you do not want to leave them on your NetWare server. See Chapter 4, Archiving and Retrieving Files for more information about archiving and retrieving files.

Use backups to protect against unforeseen damage to your files, and archives for maintaining more permanent versions of your files.


Backing Up Files and Directories

Your administrator might have set up schedules to back up files on your NetWare server automatically. See Chapter 5, Automating TSM Tasks for information on checking and running the schedules available to you. The following sections discuss how to back up files without using a schedule.

There are two types of incremental backup: full incremental and partial incremental. Both kinds of backup can also be used to back up the NDS and bindery. In addition, TSM saves trustee rights, file attributes, name spaces, and associated name space information with the backup versions of the files.

Full Incremental

A full incremental, or incremental backup, initially backs up all specified volumes, directories and files, and thereafter, all new and changed files, thus maintaining current server storage of your NetWare server files according to your storage management policies. See Chapter 6, "Understanding Storage Management Policies" for more information about storage management polices.

To perform a full incremental backup use the incremental command. You must specify one or more file systems to include in the back up.

During a full incremental, the client queries the server to determine the exact state of your storage as of your last incremental. TSM uses this information to:

Partial Incremental

A partial incremental backs up new and changed files but does not expire or rebind files on the server, and it ignores the frequency attribute of the copy group. There are two types of partial incremental backup:

Full Incremental Versus Partial Incremental

Both full and partial incrementals back up new and changed files. An incremental-by-date takes less time to process than a full incremental, and requires less memory. However, unlike a full incremental, an incremental-by-date does not maintain current server storage of all your NetWare server files because:

For these reasons, it is recommended that if you have limited time during the week to perform backups, but extra time on the weekends, you can use a partial incremental backup on weekdays, and a full incremental backup on weekends to maintain current server storage of your NetWare server files.

Support for Long Names

If you have file names longer than the DOS name space permits, you can use the long name when you back up the file. If you are running a NetWare 3.12 server, it must include the c-run library patch, lib312B.exe (available from Novell).

To see the name spaces that are loaded on a volume, enter volumes at the NetWare console, for example: 411:volumes. You will see display similar to this:

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Mounted Volumes                   Name Spaces                  Flags            |
|    SYS                             DOS, LONG                  Cp Sa            |
|    VOL1                            DOS, MAC, LONG             Cp SA            |
|411:                                                                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

In this example, server 411 has 2 volumes. The SYS volume has DOS and LONG name spaces. VOL1 has DOS, MAC and LONG name spaces. The NetWare client inspects these settings when it begins an operation, such as backup. TSM then determines the name space used by the backed up volume. For example:

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|tsm> q file                                                                     |
|Node Name: VONORE                                                               |
|Session established with server TSM: Windows NT                                 |
|  Server Version 3, Release 1, Level 2.1                                        |
|  Server date/time: 02/05/1999 05:59:45  Last access: 02/04/1999 18:34:09       |
|                                                                                |
|Num   Last incr Date        Type      File Space Name                           |
|---   ----------------      ----      ---------------                           |
|  1   02/04/1999 18:34:46   NTWFS     411\VOL1:                                 |
|tsm>                                                                            |
|                                                                                |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

VOL1 was backed up with the file space type of NTWFS or DOS name space. When TSM starts a full incremental of VOL1, it detects that VOL1 has both MAC and LONG name spaces, but that the data is backed up using the DOS name space. This causes the file space to be updated to the long name space. Even though both MAC and LONG are loaded, TSM chooses the name space that can handle the longer name; in this case, it is the LONG name space.

After a full incremental backup, you will see this change:

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|tsm> q file                                                                     |
|Node Name: VONORE                                                               |
|Session established with server TSM: Windows NT                                 |
|  Server Version 3, Release 1, Level 2.1                                        |
|  Server date/time: 02/05/1999 05:59:45  Last access: 02/04/1999 20:34:09       |
|                                                                                |
|Num   Last incr Date        Type        File Space Name                         |
|---   ----------------      ----        ---------------                         |
|  1   02/04/1999 18:34:46   NTW:LONG     411\VOL1:                              |
|tsm>                                                                            |
|                                                                                |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

The file space type has changed from NTWFS to NTW:LONG. TSM uses the long name space during the next full incremental backup. The file space is converted to use the long name space. All active and inactive files are changed to the following:

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|tsm> Q BACKUP VOL1:* -SUB=YES                                                   |
|Size      Backup Date        Mgmt Class A/I File                                |
|----      -----------        ---------- --- ----                                |
|0  02/05/1999 06:33:28    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/                               |
|0  02/05/1999 06:29:49    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/DELETED.SAV                    |
|0  02/05/1999 06:29:49    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke                    |
|1,175  02/05/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT   A  VOL1:/VOL$LOG.ERR                    |
|0  02/05/1999 06:29:49    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/Debbie Ramke       |
|0  02/05/1999 06:29:49    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/Debbie Ramke/Krista|
|0  02/05/1999 06:29:49    STANDARD      A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/Debbie Ramke/Shane |
|11  02/05/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT     A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/1 Long File         |
|11  02/05/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT     A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/2 Long File         |
|11  02/05/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT     A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/Debbie Ramke/1 Long |
|11  02/05/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT     A  VOL1:/Frank Ramke/Debbie Ramke/2 Long |
|11  02/03/1999 06:29:49    DEFAULT     I  VOL1:/FRANK RAMKE/DEBBIE RAMKE/2 LONG |
|tsm>                                                                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

The last file in the list is an inactive file and is not cased properly because of the way case is preserved by the client. This migration cannot case inactive files correctly.

During a full incremental, objects are "updated." This is when renaming occurs. For example,

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|...                                                                             |
|Updating-->                    0 VOL1:/TOMRAMK0/DEBBIERA/SHANEBRE [Sent]        |
|Updating-->                   11 VOL1:/TOMRAMK0/DEBBIERA/1LONGFIL [Sent]        |
|Updating-->                   11 VOL1:/TOMRAMK0/DEBBIERA/2LONGFI0 [Sent]        |
|Updating-->                   11 VOL1:/VONORE/1LONGFIL [Sent]                   |
|Updating-->                   11 VOL1:/VONORETE/1LONGFIL [Sent]                 |
|Successful incremental backup of 'VOL1:'                                        |
|                                                                                |
|                                                                                |
|Total number of objects inspected:      631                                     |
|Total number of objects backed up:        1                                     |
|Total number of objects updated:        630                                     |
|Total number of objects rebound:          0                                     |
|Total number of objects deleted:          0                                     |
|Total number of objects failed:           0                                     |
|Total number of bytes transferred:      185                                     |
|Data transfer time:                    0.00 sec                                 |
|Network data transfer rate:            0.00 KB/sec                              |
|Aggregate data transfer rate:          0.00 KB/sec                              |
|Objects compressed by:                    0%                                    |
|Elapsed processing time:           00:01:12                                     |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Converting Name Spaces Using the Web Client or Command Line

To convert from a short to a long name space, you can perform a full incremental on your file space using the Web client. Click on the volume name, and select Incremental (complete) from the pull down menu at the top of the screen.

To perform a full incremental on your file space from the command line, enter dsmc i sys:.

Adding and Removing a name space

Your NetWare administrator can add and remove name spaces to particular volumes. TSM converts the file space to the correct name space on the second incremental. All files are backed up under the new name space; however, some may be backed up again during the conversion process.

For example, the following procedures add and remove name spaces (to remove a name space, use vrepair.nlm:

add name space mac to sys
411:
 
411:load vrepair
 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
&sqbul.  NetWare Volume Repair Utility  4.19                NetWare Loadable Module  &sqbul.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
Warning!!  Removing a Name Space will destroy all directory entries for that
Name Space.  If you remove a Macintosh Name Space, you will also destroy all
associated Resource Forks.
 
Server Supported Name Spaces:
 
    1. MACINTOSH
    2. NFS
    3. FTAM
    4. LONG_NAMES
    5. NAFS
    6. Return to VRepair Configuration Menu
 
    Enter name space number to remove: 4
Attention: TSM may not convert every name. TSM may back up a short name instead of updating it, and a long name may be marked inactive. NetWare name collisions may not be handled accurately. Therefore, do not add or remove name spaces after TSM begins backing up a volume. Also, consider renaming the entire file space before conversion instead of allowing TSM to rename objects.

Additional Considerations

If you run a selective or archive before conversion, TSM uses the current name space for the backup; that is, the name space indicated from the q file space command.

Include/exclude statements are affected; they must be changed to reflect the long names. Until conversion is complete, consider entering both long and short names. For example:

exclude vol1:\frankra0/.../*
exclude vol1:\frank ramke/.../*

If files have been backed up from a volume with long name space loaded, and you attempt to restore them to a volume without long name space, the restore will fail. A message similar to the following displays: 02/12/1999 09:24:30 (TSA400 4.14 287) The name space type does not exist or is invalid.

Use quotes to enclose a long name string that has embedded blanks.

When converting to Macintosh name space, TSM also renames the file's directory delimiters. The delimiter for Macintosh name space is the colon (:). For example: tsm> selective vol1::adsm:dsm.opt

If files are not being converted, the reason could be any of the following:

Running a Full Incremental Backup

To run a full incremental backup, use the incremental command. TSM runs an incremental backup against the volumes specified in your client domain. The volumes you specify can include the bindery and the NDS.

You can specify the volumes you want to back up in one of the following ways:

Running an Incremental by Date Backup

To run an incremental by date backup, add the incrbydate option to the incremental command:

   load dsmc incremental -incrbydate

Running an Incremental Backup on a Memory-Constrained Machine

The performance of an incremental backup suffers if your machine runs out of available memory during the backup. If you have enough memory on your machine, you can use a more efficient method of backing up your machine. Turn off the memoryefficientbackup option in the options file:

memoryefficientbackup no

Specifying memoryefficientbackup yes (the default) causes TSM to back up only one directory at a time. If you have poor performance even when using memoryefficientbackup yes, check your communication buffer settings and the communication link between your machine and the server.

Understanding Backup Statistics

During a backup, TSM displays the status of each file it attempts to back up. TSM reports the file's size, volume, path, file name, and whether the backup attempt was successful. Similar statistics are produced by the selective and archive commands. These also display in the schedule log for scheduled commands.

When TSM backs up a volume or other set of files, it attempts to improve performance and load balancing by using multiple sessions. This can result in as many as five sessions running at one time to read files and send them to a server.

The command line displays the name of each file after it is sent to the server. If a file is not sent immediately, a progress indicator shows the file's progress. The Web client GUI provides a Task List window you can display to see information about files that are processing. A Task Report window shows the details for a particular task, such as the number of files backed up, transfer rates, any files that failed, and so forth. When a task completes, the window displays automatically.

Note:Transfer statistics may not match file statistics if the operation was retried due to a failure such as a communications failure or session loss. The transfer statistics will show the bytes attempted to be transferred across all command attempts.

Using the Include-Exclude List to Control Processing

Usually, there are files on your disk that you do not want to back up. These files might be operating system or application files that could be easily recovered by reinstalling the program, or any other file that you could easily rebuild.

You can use the include and exclude options in the options file to tell TSM which files to exclude from backup processing. TSM honors the include-exclude list whether you are doing an incremental or selective backup. TSM backs up any file that is not explicitly excluded. You do not need to use an include option to include specific files unless those files are in a directory you are trying to exclude.

For more information on setting up an include-exclude list, see Chapter 7, Creating an Include-Exclude List.

Incremental Backup: Advanced Considerations

This section discusses some advanced considerations for using incremental backup. You do not need to understand this information in order to use TSM for basic work.

Understanding What TSM Considers a Changed File

For full incrementals, TSM considers a file to be changed if any of these items are different from the last backup taken:

Understanding Which Files Are Backed Up

When you request an incremental backup, TSM backs up a file if all of the following requirements are met:

When you run an incremental backup, TSM also backs up all directory information. You can exclude the files within a directory, but you cannot exclude a directory from being backed up. Directories and NDS container objects are counted in the number of objects backed up.

Understanding How Your Files Are Managed

TSM uses management classes to determine how to manage your backups on the server. Every time you back up a file, the file is assigned a management class. The management class used is either a default chosen for you, or one you assigned to the file using the include option in the include-exclude list. The chosen management class must contain a backup copy group in order for the file to be backed up. See Chapter 5, Automating TSM Tasks for more information on management classes and how to assign them to files.

Backing Up Open Files

Some files on your system may be in use when you try backing them up (these are called open files, because they are opened by an application for its use). Because an open file may change, it is likely that any backup of an open file will not correctly reflect the contents of the file at a given time.

If you find that certain files are not getting backed up because they are open and get changed when you try backing them up (or when the backup schedule starts), you need to consider your options:

Backing Up Specific Files or Directories

You can use the selective command to back up specific files, a group of files with similar names, entire directories, the NDS, or the bindery. This is called a selective backup.

You can use more than one file specification on the selective command. For example, to back up the sys:proj/test.doc and the bindery files, use:

   load dsmc selective sys:proj/test.doc bindery

See Understanding Backup Statistics for an explanation of the statistics that TSM provides after processing an incremental, selective, or archive command. For a scheduled selective backup, your administrator must specify which files to back up.

For more information, see Selective.

Selective Backup: Advanced Considerations

This section discusses some advanced considerations for using selective backup. You do not need to understand this information in order to do basic work.

Backing Up Directories

If you back up a directory, you can use the subdir=yes option to include all the subdirectories under that directory in the backup.

For example, to back up the sys:proj directory and its subdirectories, use:

   load dsmc selective sys:proj/ -subdir=yes

Using Wildcard Characters

You can use the operating system's wildcard characters in file specifications, including commands, for most tasks. These characters allow you to select groups of files that have similar names.

In a command, wildcard characters can only be used in the file name or extension. They cannot be used to specify destination files, volume names, server names, NDS names, or the bindery.

The wildcard characters used by NetWare are:

*
Asterisk. This stands for zero or more characters. For example:
*.exe matches all files that have the extension exe
hm* matches all files that start with hm, regardless of extension
*h* matches all files with an h somewhere in the file name, regardless of extension

?
Question mark. This stands for one character. For example:
?.exe matches all files with the extension exe that have one, and only one, character in their file name
hm?.exe matches all files that have three-character names beginning with hm and that have an exe extension

You can combine the asterisk and question mark in a file specification. For example, ??hm.* matches all four-character file names ending in hm, no matter what extension they have.

Understanding Which Files Are Backed Up

When you request a selective backup, TSM backs up a file if all of the following requirements are met:

For selective backups, TSM does not check frequency or mode, and does not check to see whether a file has changed since it was last backed up. The only criteria for selective backups are that the file is not excluded from backup services and the management class associated with it has a backup copy group.

When you run a selective backup, TSM also backs up all directory information. You can exclude the files within a directory, but you cannot exclude a directory from being backed up. Directories and NDS containers are counted in the number of objects backed up.

When you use the volinformation option with the selective command, volume information such as disk space restrictions and volume root directory trustee rights are backed up.

Requesting Backup and Archive Services for Remote Servers

You can request backup and archive services for multiple NetWare file servers.

To back up files on a remote NetWare file server, you must either:

TSM includes two options that relate to backing up and archiving files for remote servers:

You can include volumes stored on remote NetWare file servers in your default client domain specified with the domain option in your client options file. For example, to specify the sys: volume on three remote NetWare file servers as well as all local volumes and the bindery, use:

  domain all-local  servb\sys:  servc\sys:  servd\sys:

You can also use the domain option with the incremental command to specify volumes stored on remote NetWare file servers. For example:

   load dsmc incremental -domain="servb\sys: servc\sys:"

In addition, you can selectively back up or archive files stored on a remote server. For example:

   load dsmc selective servb\sys:test/*
   load dsmc archive servc\sys:test2/proj1/

Using the Web Client to Back Up Files

If you have the Web client started on your workstation, (see "Starting A Web Client Session") you can perform the backup tasks shown below using the Web client backup-archive GUI.

Backing Up Specific Files

To back up a file or a group of files using the Web client, follow these steps:

  1. Click on Backup from the main window. The Backup by Tree window displays.

  2. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign.

  3. Click on the drive, directory, or file you want to back up.

  4. Click on Search on the tool bar. The Find Files window displays.

  5. Specify the file name or path on the Find Files window.

  6. Click on Find. The Matching Files window displays.

  7. Click on the selection boxes next to the files you want to back up.

  8. Click on Always Backup from the Type of Backup list.

  9. Click on Backup. The Task List window displays your backup processing status. If the backup was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

Backing Up Files Using Directory Trees

You can apply a filter to a directory tree to display only files that you want to back up. Any files that do not match the filter criteria do not display. To filter a directory tree in preparation for your backup:

  1. Click on Backup from the main window. The Backup by Tree window displays.

  2. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign.

  3. Click on the drive, directory, or file that you want to backup.

  4. Click on Find on the tool bar. The Find Files window displays.

  5. Enter your filter criteria in the Find Files window.

  6. Click on Filter. Close the window.

  7. Click on Always Backup from the Type of Backup list.

  8. Click on the selection boxes next to the files or filtered directories you want to back up.

  9. Click on Backup. The Task List window displays the backup processing status. If the backup was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

Sorting File Lists

You can sort lists of files in TSM using the Sort items in the View menu. You can sort any list of files, whether you are backing up, restoring, archiving, or retrieving them.

You can sort files by directory name, file name, file type (extension), file size, and last modification date.

Displaying File Details

Select File details on the View menu to display file attributes for any file.

The Web client GUI provides a Task List window you can display to see information about files that are processing. In addition, a Task Report window shows the details for a particular task, such as the number of files backed up, transfer rates, any files that failed, and so forth. This window displays automatically when a task completes.


Restoring Files or Directories

You can use the restore command to restore backup versions of specific files, a group of files with similar names, entire directories, or backup sets. For more information on restoring backup sets, see "Restoring Data from a Backup Set".

You can restore a file to either its original location or to a different location. For example, to restore the sys:doc/h1.doc file to its original directory, use:

   load dsmc restore sys:doc/h1.doc

To restore the file under a new name and directory, use:

   load dsmc restore sys:doc/h1.doc sys:newdoc/h2.doc

Add the -subdir=yes option to the command if you need to restore the files in a directory and all of its subdirectories. For example, if you are recovering an entire volume (in this example, the nw3: volume), you can restore all the files using:

   load dsmc restore nw3:* -subdir=yes

See Restore for more information.

Do You Want To Restore an Active or Inactive Backup?

Your administrator determines how many backup versions TSM maintains for each file on your NetWare server. Frequently, the administrator maintains more than one version of each file. Having multiple versions of a file allows you to restore older versions in case the most recent backup is damaged.

TSM considers the most recent backup version to be the active version. Any other backup version is considered an inactive version.

Every time TSM backs up your files, it marks the new backup version as the active backup, and it changes what used to be the active backup to an inactive backup. When the maximum number of inactive versions is reached, TSM deletes the oldest inactive version.

Normally, you want to restore active backup versions of files. However, there might be times when you want to restore an inactive version. For example, you might want to restore a file with the contents it contained on or before a specific date. Or you might accidentally erase a file, and then run an incremental backup. The active backup version of the file is now inactive. To get your file back, you need to restore the most recent inactive backup version of the file.

The restore command restores only active backup versions of files, unless you use the following options:

For example, if you want to restore the latest version of the deleted file sys:h1.doc, use:

   load dsmc restore sys:h1.doc -latest

If you try to restore both an active and inactive version of a file at the same time, only the active version is restored.

Point-in-Time Restore

A point-in-time restore recovers a file space or a directory to a previous condition. For example, a point-in-time restore can eliminate the effect of data corruption, or recover a basic configuration to a prior condition.

You can start a point-in-time restore from the TSM backup-archive command line client, using the pitdate and pittime command line options. A point-in-time restore is supported on the file space, directory, or file level. When a point-in-time restore is performed, files that were created on the client after the point-in-time date are not deleted.

Perform incremental backups to a Version 3 server, or higher, server in order to support a point-in-time restore. The server is only notified when files are deleted from a client file space or directory during an incremental backup. Run incremental backups frequently to provide the necessary point-in-time resolution. Files that were deleted from a client file space between two incremental backups are restored during a point-in-time restore. Point-in-time overrides object condition so that, even if an object has an active backup from a later date, the previous inactive copy is returned. Connect to a Version 3, or higher, server to use the point-in-time restore function.

The point-in-time command line options, pitdate and pittime, are used with the query and restore commands. For example, when pitdate and pittime are used with the query backup command, the date and time values specified in the pitdate and pittime parameters are used to establish the point-in-time for which file information is returned. When pitdate and pittime are used with the restore command, the date and time values specified in the pitdate and pittime parameters are used to establish the point-in-time for which files are returned. The pitdate and pittime values are mutually exclusive from the todate and totime parameters.

Restoring Data from a Backup Set

Your administrator can generate a backup set of your files and copy the backup set onto removable media, such as tapes, cartridges or diskettes. A backup set is a collection of active files in your filespaces that reside on the server. Backup sets are written in a format that can be read directly by the client. If a backup set is created on a device that is supported by the server and your client machine, you can restore the backup set from the locally attached device on your machine without the use of a server. Alternatively, you can restore a backup set directly from the server.

You might want to restore data from backup sets in situations such as the following:

See Restore Backupset for information on how to use the restore backupset command.

Using the Web Client for Restoring Files

Restoring an Active or Inactive Backup

Your administrator determines how many backup versions TSM maintains for each file on your workstation. Frequently, the administrator maintains more than one version of each file. Having multiple versions of a file permits you to restore older versions in the event the most recent backup is damaged. TSM considers the most recent backup version to be the active version. Any other backup version is considered to be an inactive version. To restore a backup version that is inactive, you must display both active and inactive versions.

  1. Click on Restore on the main window. The Restore by Tree window displays.

  2. Click on Display Active/Inactive Files on the View menu.

  3. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign.

  4. Click the selection boxes next to the drive, directory, or file you want to restore.

  5. Click on Restore. The Restore Destination window displays.

  6. Enter the information in the Restore Destination window.

  7. Click on Restore. The Task List window displays. If the restore was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

If you try to restore both an active and inactive version of a file at the same time, only the active version will be restored.

Restoring Files Using a File Name

You can copy a version of a backup file from a storage pool to your workstation or file server without affecting the backup copy in the storage pool. If you know the name of the file you want to restore, or you know at least part of the name, you can use the name to restore the file. Restoring a file using a name is much like backing one up. The windows are similar, except that you are selecting files to restore rather than to back up. To restore a file by its file name (directory attributes and permissions are not restored):

  1. Click on Restore on the main window. The Restore by Tree window displays.

  2. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign.

  3. Click on the drive or directory you want to restore.

  4. Click on Search on the tool bar. The Find List window displays.

  5. Enter your search criteria in the Find List window.

  6. Click on Search. The Matching Files window displays.

  7. Click on the selection boxes next to the files you want to restore. The selected files display in the Restore by Tree window.

  8. Click on Restore. The Restore Destination window displays.

  9. Enter the information in the Restore Destination window.

  10. Click on Restore. The Task List window displays the restore processing status. If the restore was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

Restoring Files Using a Directory Tree

You can use a directory tree to display only those backup versions matching search criteria that you specify. Filtering the directory tree to restore a file is similar to backing one up. To restore a file using a directory tree (directory attributes and permissions are not restored):

  1. Click on Restore on the main window. The Restore by Tree window displays.

  2. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign.

  3. Select the drive, directory, or file you want to restore.

  4. Click on Search on the tool bar. The Find Files window displays.

  5. Enter your search criteria in the Find Files window.

  6. Click on Filter. Close the window. The Restore by Tree window displays.

  7. Click on the selection boxes next to the files you want to restore.

  8. Click on Restore. The Restore Destination window displays.

  9. Enter the information in the Restore Destination window.

  10. Click on Restore. The Task List window displays the processing status. If the restore was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

Restoring Files Using a Subdirectory Path

To restore backup versions of individual files or subdirectories along with directory attributes and permissions:

  1. Click on Restore on the main window. The Restore by Tree window displays.

  2. Expand the directory tree by clicking on the + sign. Click on the selection boxes next to the files or directories you want to restore.

  3. Click on Restore. The Restore Destination window displays.

  4. Enter the information in the Restore Destination window.

  5. Click on Restore. The Task List window displays with the processing status. If the restore was retried because of a failure such as a communications failure or session loss, the transfer statistics may not match file statistics. The transfer statistics will show the number of bytes TSM attempted to transfer during all command attempts.

Restoring Files: Advanced Considerations

This section discusses some advanced considerations for restoring data. You do not need to understand this information in order to use TSM for basic tasks.

Authorizing Another Client Node to Restore or Retrieve Your Files

You can authorize another client node to restore your backup versions or retrieve your archive copies.

To authorize another node to restore or retrieve your files, use the set access command. You can also use the query access command to see your current list, and delete access to delete nodes from the list.

For more information on the commands, see:

Restoring or Retrieving Files from Another Client Node

If you want to restore files backed up or retrieve files archived by another NetWare client node, then you need access to those files as described in Authorizing Another Client Node to Restore or Retrieve Your Files.

If you are granted access to files backed up by a different client node, you can restore those files by using the fromnode option with the restore command. For example, you could enter the following:

   load dsmc res -fromnode=nw2 servb\sys:home/proj/* serva\sys:home/proj/

where nw2 is the node name for another NetWare server, servb\sys:home/proj/* indicates the name of the server and the files you want to restore, and serva\sys:home/proj/ indicates where you want to place the files you are restoring. You must specify a destination, or TSM attempts to restore the files to the server from which the files were backed up.

You can retrieve archived files in the same way, using the retrieve command.

For more information about using the fromnode option, see Restore.

Restoring or Retrieving Your Files to Another Client Node

TSM lets you restore files you backed up or retrieve files you archived from your own NetWare server when you are using a different NetWare server. You must enter your node name, because your backups and archives are stored according to your node, not your specific machine. Your TSM password protects your data.

To restore or retrieve files to another NetWare server, use the nodename option to specify the node name of the NetWare server from which you backed up or archived the files. You can either use the nodename option when starting TSM or update the client options file on the NetWare server. (If you are using someone else's machine, you can avoid changing their configuration by using the nodename option on the load dsmc command.)

For example, enter the following:

   load dsmc res -nodename=nw1 serva\sys:home/proj/* servb\sys:home/proj/

where nw1 is the node name for the NetWare server from which you backed up the files, serva\sys:home/proj/* identifies the server and the files you want to restore, and servb\sys:home/proj/ indicates where you want to place the files you are restoring. You must specify a destination, or TSM attempts to restore the files to the node from which the files were backed up.

You can enter the password option with the restore or retrieve command, or allow TSM to prompt you for the TSM password for the client node you specified with the nodename option.

Restoring a Disk In Case of Disk Loss

TSM can only recover your files if you can run the client. If the disk that contains the client is lost, you must reinstall the client before you can recover your files. If you also lose the disk that contains the operating system and communication software, you must recover them before you can connect to the server.

To protect yourself against these kinds of losses, put together a set of diskettes that you can use to restore your system to a state that permits you to contact the server and begin recovering data. These diskettes should contain:

  1. A bootable operating system that permits you to perform basic functions.

  2. A correctly configured communication program that will allow you to establish communications with the server.

  3. A client with an appropriately customized options file.

The exact files you need differ depending on the communication package you use. Consult your operating system and communication software manuals for help in setting up these diskettes

Performing Large Restore Operations

If you need to restore a large number of files, you can improve performance by issuing multiple restore commands at one time.

For example, to restore all the files in your sys:user file space, you could enter:

   load dsmc restore sys:user/ -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no

However, if you issue multiple commands for directories in your sys:user file space, TSM can restore the files faster.

For example, you could issue these commands:

   load dsmc restore sys:user/jones/ -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no
   load dsmc restore sys:user/smith/ -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no
   load dsmc restore sys:user/brown/ -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no

Or, if you need to restore multiple volumes, you could issue a restore command for each volume. For example:

   load dsmc restore sys:*  -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no
   load dsmc restore app:*  -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no
   load dsmc restore data:* -subdir=yes -replace=all -tapeprompt=no
Note:If you already have the appropriate values set for the subdir, replace and tapeprompt options in your client options file, you do not need to include those options in the commands.

When you issue multiple commands to restore your files, you must specify a unique part of the file space in each restore command. Be sure that you do not use any overlapping file specifications in the commands.

To display a list of the root directories in a file space, use the query backup command. For example:

   load dsmc query backup -dirsonly -subdir=no

As a general rule, you can issue from two to four restore commands at one time. The maximum number you can run at one time without degrading performance depends on factors such as how much memory you have and network utilization.

The speed at which TSM can restore the files also depends on how many tape drives are available, and whether your administrator is using collocation to keep file spaces assigned to as few volumes as possible.

For example, if sys:user/jones and sys:user/smith are on the same tape, the restore for sys:user/smith must wait until the restore for sys:user/jones is complete. However, if sys:user/brown is on a different tape, and there are at least two tape drives available, the restore for sys:user/brown can begin at the same time as the restore for sys:user/jones.

If your administrator is using collocation, the number of sequential access media mounts required for restore operations is also reduced.

Other options you can choose to use in multiple restore commands are:

quiet
The advantage of using this option is that messages are not printed to your screen, and processing is faster. The disadvantage is that you do not receive information about individual files that are processed. TSM records only summary information.

errorlogname
You can use this option to specify a different error log file for each restore command. Be sure to keep track of which command goes with each log file. [<

Deleting File Spaces

If your administrator gives you backdelete authority, you can delete entire file spaces from the server. When you delete a file space, you delete all the files, both backup versions and archive copies, that are contained within the file space.

Carefully consider what you are doing before you attempt to delete a file space.

You cannot delete individual backup versions kept on the server.

If you decide you do not need the file space, use the delete file space command. See Delete Filespace for more information.


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