Managing Projects in Different Environments (continued)
This figure shows the phases in the life cycle of a project in the environments in which we are most interested: Integrated Product Development (IPD), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), WWPMM, and Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). Different organizations use different life cycles because of their particular areas of emphasis, as follows:
- WWPMM. In this methodology, the IBM delivery organization can have relationships in either the IPD or the CRM business model. The cost and staffing level curve in the figure shows how resources are used in the various phases of a project. The curve shows that resource usage normally starts at a low level during the initial phase, increases quickly during the intermediate phases and then decreases during the final phase. The specific rate of increase or decrease, and the peak usage varies from project to project. However, most projects follow this curve.
- IPD business model. In this model, the IBM delivery organization might have a relationship with the Integrated Portfolio Management Team (IPMT), as the project sponsor, or with an external customer.
- CRM business model. In this model, the IBM delivery organization has relationships with both an opportunity owner within IBM and an external customer.
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Major Process Groups in PMBOK. The major process groups in PMBOK are Initiating, Planning, Executing/Controlling, and Closing. These are the groups used by PMI. The activities within these groups are similar to those in WWPMM. Both are oriented to establishing and enforcing a disciplined approach to project management that will help IBM succeed on projects.