<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<chapter id="makingmostof">
<chapterinfo>
  <authorgroup>
    <author
><personname
><firstname
>Joe</firstname
><surname
>(joe1011010)</surname
></personname
> <email
>joe1011010_km@users.sourceforge.net</email
> </author>
  </authorgroup>
  <date
>2010-07-19</date>
  <releaseinfo
>4.5</releaseinfo>
</chapterinfo>

<title
>Het beste ervan maken met &kappname;</title>

<para
>While you could go ahead, clicking some buttons and filling in some data, after a time, you could decide you have done it wrong and start again, even if you did read the documentation on each part of &kappname;. </para>

<para
>You will get a more effective system if you spend a little time planning how you are going to use &kappname;, so follow the steps given here. </para>

<sect1 id="makingmostof.basicaccounting">
<title
>Eenvoudige boekhouding</title>

<para
>Imagine your money as balls, or beans, and to stop them rolling around you keep them in a box, or pot. Accounting, or Bookkeeping, is the process of counting and keeping track of the beans in the pot, or several pots. </para>

<para
>You have some money in the pot marked <quote
>Cash</quote
>. You buy some goods, so you take some beans out of the cash pot and place them into another pot marked <quote
>Supplier.</quote
> The supplier gives you some goods in exchange for the cash, so you take the beans out of the pot marked <quote
>Supplier</quote
> and put them in the pot marked <quote
>Goods</quote
>. </para>

<para
>De goederen hebben een waarde (de prijs die u betaalde) u hebt dus nog steeds dezelfde hoeveelheid bonen, sommige vertegenwoordigen kasgeld en sommige goederen. </para>

<para
>In this case you have two movements of beans, or transactions. Each transaction needs two entries, one to take beans out and one to put beans in. This is called <quote
>double entry bookkeeping</quote
> or <quote
>double entry accounting.</quote
> The recording of the transactions is done in a <quote
>Ledger;</quote
> each pot is known as an <quote
>Account</quote
> or <quote
>Ledger code</quote
>. </para>

<para
>Now you take some goods and give them to a customer, who gives you some cash in exchange. The goods were worth some beans and, hopefully, the customer has given us more beans than that, so making a profit. To over simplify, the beans from the Goods pot come back as Cash, but we can split that as the <quote
>Cost of Goods sold</quote
> and <quote
>Profit.</quote
> This transaction has three entries; one side of the <quote
>double entry</quote
> has been split. </para>

<para
>Dit zal in meer detail worden gedaan later in dit handboek. </para>
<!-- **** don't forget to make sure this is actually covered, and linked to from
     here.  Also, I have removed "in setting up accounts for Businesses." and
     modified the section below, since we explicitly say that KMM is not for
     business use. -->

<sect2 id="makingmostof.basicaccounting.personalaccounts">
<title
>De rekeningen definiëren (persoonlijke records)</title>

<para
>Most accounts, or pots, above represent a measure of our <quote
>Worth.</quote
> The cash and goods represent our <quote
>Assets;</quote
> so does what we are owed if our customers have not yet given us the money. The money we owe, say if we had not paid our suppliers, are our <quote
>Liabilities.</quote
> These accounts are transferable to Cash and have a value. </para>

<para
>Any pots that cannot be valued are <quote
>Income</quote
> or <quote
>Expense.</quote
> Our phone bill (or the phone company to which we pay the bill) cannot be valued; we know how much we have paid, but not how much anyone else has paid. We know how much our employer has paid us, but we do not know how much they have paid anybody else, or how much money they have left to pay us next month. Although we cannot determine an actual value for these pots, it is useful to monitor how much we have put into or taken out of each of them. </para>

<para
>In some cases a supplier is a <quote
>Liability,</quote
> in others it is an <quote
>Expense.</quote
> This is something we need to consider and decide for each case. Similarly, you may set up a loan as a Liability, particularly if you transfer the money into your bank account, but it could be an Expense if it was to buy some furniture. </para>

<para
>Overweeg hoe u uw inkomsten en uitgaven wilt volgen en analyseren. Dat zal u helpen om te beslissen hoe ze in te stellen in &kappname;. </para>

<para
>Finally, consider if you want everything in one set of accounts, or two or more. This may depend on the legal framework or just how you want to analyze things. Each set of accounts would be handled separately. </para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.basicaccounting.businessaccounts">
<title
>De rekeningen definiëren (zakelijke records)</title>

<para
>There are similarities to setting up accounts for personal use, but there are additional considerations, including legal guidelines and requirements. &kappname; does not explicitly address any of these issues, as it has been designed as a <quote
>personal</quote
> finance manager. In addition, these additional issues are not addressed in this handbook, but you must be aware of them if you are going to attempt to use &kappname; for a business. </para>
</sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1 id="makingmostof.mapping">
<title
>Uw financiën laten samenvallen met &kappname;</title>

<para
>Verzamel dus uw papieren en kijk in de volgende secties naar elk item in &kappname;. </para>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.accounts">
<title
>Rekeningen</title>

<para
>These hold a value. Transactions are created against one or more accounts. </para>

<sect3 id="makingmostof.mapping.accounts.asset">
<title
>Accounts - Asset</title>

<para
>These are the accounts which hold your money and possessions that you wish to monitor. The following types are available: </para>

<variablelist>
  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Controleren</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Standard bank checking account. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Spaarrekening</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Standard bank savings account. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Kasrekening</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Money in your hand or wallet. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Lening</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Loans you make to someone else. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Investering</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Money you invest. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Bezitting</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Property, collections, etc. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>

<sect3 id="makingmostof.mapping.accounts.liability">
<title
>Accounts - Liability</title>

<para
>These are the accounts which represent your debts and money owed that you wish to monitor. The following types are available: </para>

<variablelist>
  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Creditcard</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Standard credit card account. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Lening</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Loans made to you, mortgages, etc. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
    <term
>Verplichtingen</term>
    <listitem>
      <para
>Anything else you owe that is not a loan. </para>
    </listitem>
  </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.institutions">
<title
>Instituten</title>

<para
>These are completely optional and can be used to group accounts, and show a total value for all accounts in each group. </para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.categories">
<title
>Categorieën</title>

<para
>These represent non-managed income and expense accounts that do not have a value. The total value of transactions is shown against each category. A category or transfer account is required for each transaction. </para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.subcategories">
<title
>Subcategorieën</title>

<para
>Categories can be split into sub-categories, but the sub-category totals are not included in the higher level category total. </para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.payees">
<title
>Begunstigden</title>

<para
>These are optional for transactions. They are required for Scheduled transactions. A transaction history, with category, is shown against each payee. </para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="makingmostof.mapping.schedules">
<title
>Periodieke transacties</title>

<para
>Where regular transactions occur, these can be set up against a Schedule. Transactions are created from a schedule; any that are overdue can be seen on the home page. </para>
</sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1 id="makingmostof.usefultips">
<title
>Bruikbare tips</title>

<para
>Unless you keep you money under the floorboards, you probably make use of one or more institutions where you have accounts which may be in credit or debit. In order to familiarize yourself with the way &kappname; works, choose an account you want to track of with &kappname; and select <menuchoice
><guimenu
>File</guimenu
> <guimenuitem
>New</guimenuitem
></menuchoice
> in order to set up an account file. </para>

<para
>If you have used another personal finance manager, you may be able to import the data from it into &kappname;. </para>

<para
>If you have some regular receipts into or outgoings from this account, go to Payee and enter the names of both the payers and the payees involved; then go to Schedule and fill in a New Schedule for each transaction. If you haven't entered the payee or payer, &kappname; will offer you the opportunity to do this in the middle of entering the schedule. </para>

<para
>To add other new transactions go to Ledgers; you can add new payees and categories in the middle of a transaction or by going to Payees or Categories before entering the transaction. </para>

<para
>You will probably find that the default Categories do not exactly match your needs; you can easily delete ones you know you are never going to need and add others that you need. But when you are entering a transaction, you only have to type a few letters of a category and &kappname; will offer you a drop down list of the matching categories from which to choose. </para>

<para
>You can add different accounts managed by different institutions; the preferred one will show when you open &kappname; but you can quickly switch to any of the others. </para>

<para
>When you make a payment, &kappname; will work out what the next check number should be; delete this if you are not making a check payment or edit it if the first check you enter is not check number 1. Alternatively, it is possible to switch off auto-increment of check numbers. </para>

<para
>Every so often you may get statements of your account from the institutions you use; you can reconcile your &kappname; accounts against these statements so that you have an accurate statement of the current state of your finances. </para>

<para
>If you go to Reports, you will find several default reports; to customize these, open one similar to the sort you prefer and then select 'New' (not 'Copy'); you can then customize this to your needs and mark it as a preferred report if you wish. </para>

<para
>Though &kappname; is not intended for use in a business context, if you are running a business on your own and so do not need payroll functions, you will probably find that &kappname; is sufficiently customizable to meet your needs particularly as it comes with budgeting and forecasting features and you can export your customized reports via CSV into other applications. </para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
